2017届高考英语一轮复习单元训练：8.1《A land of diversity》（新人教版含解析）

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

　　A

　　[2016·福建八校联考]It was a bad time for me.

　　I was low emotionally and tired physically. Probably because of this I hadn't shaved for a few days.

　　Also, because I had been doing some repairs at my daughter's house, I was dressed quite scruffily (不整洁地). Boarding the bus to go home, I saw it was almost full so I found a rail (扶手) to lean against.

　　That's when a young woman, sitting with her child, stood up and offered me her seat. “Wow！” I thought.

　　Out loud I said, “Do I look that old and tired？” She replied，“ You look like you've had a tough day.” I thanked her sincerely and stayed standing.

　　A moment later a man rose from his seat at the back of

　　the bus and made his way towards me, squeezing past several people on the way. Then he told me about his addiction problems, asked my advice, and just chatted about life for a few minutes.

　　Then he went back to his seat. Very random！

　　Watching him go, I also looked at the bus－load of people between me and his seat. He hadn't chosen to talk to those strangers. He chose to talk to this_stranger,_for whatever it meant to him and whatever comfort it brought him, Why?

　　That's when it occurred to me. I must have looked like I had been where he was probably looked like a man who would understand a difficult life.

　　I was humbled and uplifted at the same time by the realization that even when we are at our lowest we can still help others－if we look like we might be able to meet them where they live or walk a while in their world.

　　本文讲述的是作者在经历了疲惫的一天后，坐公交车回家时的事情，并从中悟出一个道理：凡事站在他人的角度思考，会更好的理解他人。

　　1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 that the writer ________.

　　A．didn't stay at home every day

　　B．got along well with his daughter

　　C．helped people that he knew well

　　D．fixed something at his daughter's

　　答案：D　细节理解题。由文章第一段中的第四句话“Also, because I had been doing some repairs at my daughter's house...”可知，作者在女儿家干一些修理活。

　　2．Why did the young woman offer her seat to the writer?

　　A．Because she thought the writer looked very old.

　　B．Because the writer looked very friendly.

　　C．Because the writer looked exhausted.

　　D．Because the writer looked humorous.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。由文章第二段中的倒数第二句话“You look like you've had a tough day.”可知，那位女士看到作者很疲惫，所以让座给他。

　　3．What can we learn about the man from the third paragraph?

　　A．He lacks confidence in life.

　　B．He maybe takes drugs heavily.

　　C．He felt familiar with the writer.

　　D．He was an acquaintance of the writer.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。由文章第三段中的第二句话“Then he told me about his addiction problems，”可知，那位男士告诉作者他的吸毒问题，希望作者有所建议。

　　4．The underlined words “this stranger” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to “________”．

　　A．the writer

　　B．the driver

　　C．one passenger

　　D．the young woman

　　答案：A　词义猜测题。由文章第三段和第四段内容可知，那位男士径直从车后通过拥挤的人群来到作者身边求助，而没有向其他陌生人求助，对他而言，作者同样是陌生人。故此处的“this stranger”指代的是作者。

　　1．emotionally adv. 感情上；情绪上

　　2．tough adj. 艰难的；坚强的

　　3．squeeze vt./vi.

　　挤；压；榨

　　4．random adj. 随意的；任意的

　　5．humble adj. 谦逊的

　　1．at the back of 在……后面

　　2．at the same time 同时

　　原文：Boarding the bus to go home, I saw it was almost full so I found a rail (扶手) to lean against.(现在分词作状语)

　　译文：上公交车回家时，我发现车上几乎满了，所以我找了一个扶手斜靠在那儿。

　　仿写：Hearing_their_teacher's_voice,_the pupils stopped talking at once.

　　一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。

　　B

　　[2016·福州八中质检]The bed should be reserved as a place for sleep, but people tend to read an iPad a lot in bed before they go to sleep.

　　Charles Czeisler, a professor at Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues got a small group of people for an experiment. For five days in a row, the people read either a paper book or an iPad for four hours before sleep. Their sleep patterns were monitored all night. Before and after each trial period, the people took hourly blood tests to paint a day­long picture of just how much melatonin (褪黑激素) was in their blood at any given time.

　　When subjects read on the iPad as compared to the paper books, they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning. People also took longer to fall asleep on the iPad nights, and the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion (分泌) was delayed by an hour and a half.

　　The researchers conclude in today's journal article that given the rise of e­readers and the increasingly widespread use of e­things among children and adolescents, more research into the long­term consequences of these devices on health and safety is urgently needed. Czeisler and colleagues go on, in the research paper, to note：“Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk.”

　　However, software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones and computers according to time of day, and there are also glasses that are made to filter (过滤) short wavelengths. While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech us­ers, it needs more research.

　　本文阐述的是人们在床上使用电子产品时，对睡眠和人体健康的影响，这一研究仍需进一步的深入。

　　5．In Charles Czeisler's experiment, all the subjects were asked to________.

　　A.sit in a row and receive the strict tests

　　B.have their sleep patterns observed all night

　　C.read a paper book and an iPad at the same time

　　D.have their blood tested per hour during the trial

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Their sleep patterns were monitored all night.”可知答案。

　　6．The third paragraph tells us the iPad readers were likely to________.

　　A.feel less sleepy and tired in the day

　　B.fall asleep more easily after reading

　　C.become less energetic the next morning

　　D.have a lot more melatonin secretion

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据该段第一句及最后一句“...the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion was delayed by an hour and a half.”可推知。

　　7．The special software recently developed can________.

　　A.remove the blue light from your devices completely

　　B.help prevent eyes being harmed by short wavelength

　　C.weaken the harm done by doing nighttime e­reading

　　D.be used in all the e­things widely and safely

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens...”以及“While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech users，”可知。

　　8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A．No e­reading in bed before sleep

　　B．New software for night e­readers

　　C．Wrong behaviors before bedtime

　　D．No games on iPad in bed

　　答案：A　主旨大意题。根据前四段可知，本文论述了晚上看手机，电脑等电子产品对身体的不良影响，尽管最后一段提及一种软件或许可解决这些危害但未得到证实，故选A。

　　1．reserve vt./vi. 保留；预留

　　2．delay vt./vi. 延期；耽误

　　3．consequence n. 结果；影响

　　4．urgently adv. 紧急地；紧迫地

　　5．logical adj. 逻辑的；理论上的

　　1．either...or... 或者……或者……

　　2．compared to 与……相比

　　原文：Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk.(动名词作主语)

　　译文：在床上看iPad可能增加了癌症的风险。

　　仿写：Reading_English_aloud_in_the_morning will do you a lot of good.

　　早上朗读英语会给你带来很多好处。

　　Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时7′)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　[2016·皖南八校联考]

　　How to Start Your Day Right

　　What we do in our day, how we act, and how we react to situations and to people, is equally important to how we start our day. Often, we start our day with a schedule. But less often do we choose to do certain things that will help jump­start our day. It's important to get our day off to a good start because how we start our day will determine how the rest of the day goes.

　　Here I share some tricks with you to start your day right.

　　__1__ Whatever you believe can and will come to pass. Believe that you can accomplish great things and you can reach your goals, and you will. If you start your day with fear, you're already on a path to ruin the rest of your day.

　　Leave yesterday in the past. Yesterday has come and gone. Too many people do not progress in life because they live in the events of yesterday.

　　__2__ You cannot live it over. You cannot do it over. Stop regretting and start living today.

　　Pursue purpose. Every day you live is based upon the days that have already passed. Each day should be a strong pursuit of purpose. __3__ That will last longer than you.

　　Set goals. Start your day with goals that you want to reach. __4__ On your worst days, if you keep your goals front and center in your mind, they will push you and pull you forward.

　　Adjust your attitude. We don't feel great every day but we can choose to feel great, look great, and be great with a little adjustment of the attitude. The right attitude will carry you a very long way.__5__

　　A．Be sure to have faith.

　　B．Don't make it too difficult to reach.

　　C．Make right choices when facing trouble.

　　D．There is nothing you can do to change the past.

　　E．Struggle to do something great and meaningful.

　　F．Your goals will keep you focused, stable, and clear.

　　G．The right attitude can also change situations to turn in your favor.

　　本文是说明文，介绍的是如何正确合理地开始新的一天。

　　1．A　根据下文“Whatever you believe can and will come to pass. Believe that...”中的believe可知。

　　2．D　根据本段主题：“Leave yesterday in the past.”可知答案。

　　3．E　根据下文中“that”这一关键词所指代的内容可知该空选E。

　　4．F　根据该段主题：“Set goals.”可知答案为F。

　　5．G　根据该段主题：“Adjust your attitude.”可知答案为G。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·嘉峪关一中质检]Have you complained __1__ your family, your boss, or even your life? Maybe everyone has, but after reading this story, you may change your view and treat the world with another attitude.

　　An ass (驴), __2__ (belong) to an herb­seller who gave him too little food and too much work, could not bear the life any longer. So he made a petition (请求) to God, to be released from his present service and provided with__3__ master. After warning him __4__ he would regret doing it, God made him to be sold to a tile­maker. Shortly afterwards, the ass found that he had __5__ (heavy) loads to carry and harder work in the brick­field, and asked for another change again. God, telling him that it would be __6__ last time that he could satisfy his request, made him sold to a tanner (皮革工). The ass found that he __7__ (fall) into worse hands. Knowing his new master's occupation, he said, “It would have been better for me either to have been starved by the first owner __8__ to have been overworked by the second. But now I have already been bought by my present owner, __9__ will peel off my skin even after I am dead, and make me useful.”

　　We can see that people with dissatisfaction in a place are not __10__ (like) to find happiness in another.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文通过一个故事向我们讲述了一个道理：不要抱怨自己所拥有的一切，要珍惜自己拥有的一切。

　　1．about　考查固定用法。complain about sth.“抱怨，对某事不满”。

　　2．belonging　考查非谓语动词。belong to无被动，与逻辑主语“ass”的关系为主动。

　　3．another　考查代词用法。根据语义结合语境可知，此处表示“另外一个”。

　　4．that　考查宾语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，也不缺少语义，故填that。

　　5．heavier　考查形容词等级。结合语义可知此处与上文相比，“货物更重”故填heavy的比较级。

　　6．the　考查冠词用法。the last time特指“最后一次”。

　　7．had fallen　考查动词时态。fall发生在found动作之前，故应用过去完成时态。

　　8．or　考查固定句式。“either...or...”意为“要么……要么……”。

　　9．who　考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词表示人，故应填“who”。

　　10．likely　考查词性转换。根据语义可知此处表示可能，且系动词后应为形容词，故填likely。

　　Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)

　　[2016·安阳一中模拟]假定你是李华，暑假你参加了英国游学活动，住在房东Tricia家中，回国后给房东写一封信表示感谢，要点如下：

　　1．安全抵家；

　　2．回顾英国游学体会；

　　3．感谢房东的帮助；

　　4．附寄两张合影；

　　5．表达愿望。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．结束语已为你写好。

　　Dear Tricia，

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Looking forward to your reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　One possible version：

　　Dear_Tricia，

　　I've come back home safely. Looking back to my stay in Britain, I felt so happy and satisfied. The beautiful scenery and friendly people impressed me a lot. I also benefited a lot from learning together with local students. More importantly, your help and kindness made it easier for me to have a better understanding of British culture and adapt to the life there. So I'm so grateful to you.

　　By the way, attached to the letter are two photos taken with you, which I believe will remind you of the happy time we spent together. You are expected to come to China soon.

　　Looking_forward_to_your_reply.

　　Yours，

　　Li_Hua