3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语：专题08 介词及介词短语（原卷版）

　　3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列

　　专题08

　　介词及介词短语

　　【2017年高考命题预测】

　　高考研究介词是英语中比较活跃的词，中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富。搭配比较活跃的介词主要有in,out,up, down,on,off, to, from, for, over, with等。

　　预测今后高考介词的考查以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的

　　【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布

　　介词在英语中比较活跃，然而在高考中直接介词的题多，但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。因此，通过高考题目对介词的考查的具体分类分析，来了解一下介词的句法功能和常考的容易混淆的介词还是很有必要的。

　　一、对介词句法功能的考查：介词构成的短语，可以在句子中充当定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等；介词有时在句子中活用为副词，充当状语。

　　对常用介词的辨析：介词用法多且复杂，相近的意思又可以有不同的介词表示，介词更着重与动词、形容词和其他从句结合在一起进行考查，所以要根据语境和交际条件灵活运用介词；同时对常用的介词要重点进行区别整理。

　　 三、对介词短语搭配的考查：介词常和某些形容词、动词和名词联合运用，形成固定搭配，表示各种不同的意思，只要记住这些固定搭配，准确把握词组的语义，这类题目应该不是太难。

　　【考点pk】

　　名师考点透析

　　考点1

　　常见介词的活用

　　①Y0u can’t wear a blue jacket over that shirt—it’II look terrible．你不能在那件衬衣外面再穿上蓝色的夹克——太难看了。

　　②We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea．我们一边喝茶一边愉快地交谈。

　　③We heard it over the radio．我们从广播中听到了它。

　　2．by的主要意思有“在……旁，靠近；乘(车、船等)；不迟于；到……为止；被，由；根据，按照(关系)；通过……方式”等，还可以用来表示增加或减少的程度。by构成的常见短语有：

　　by and by不久，迟早

　　by and large大体上

　　by oneself单独

　　by the way顺便说说

　　by far……得多，最……

　　by chance碰巧

　　by accident偶然地

　　by means of借助

　　by no means绝不，一点也不

　　by mistake错误地

　　①The water in the river rose by two meters．河水上涨了两米。

　　②He is an Englishman by birth．他在血统上是英国人。

　　4．beyond这个词同学们平时接触的机会不是太多，但它却是一个考查热点。beyond表示“(时间)过了，比……晚，迟于；(位置)在……那边，超出……之外；(范围)超过，为……所不及，超出……的范围”等意思。如：

　　①They arrived beyond nine o’clock．他们过了9：00才到。

　　②The book is beyond me．这本书我看不懂。

　　③Tom is far beyond his elder brother in maths．汤姆的数学比他哥哥的好多了。

　　Nick, it’s good for you to read some books __________China before you start your trip there.

　　A. in

　　B. for

　　C. of

　　D. on

　　【答案D

　　【考点】考查介词。

　　【解析】on 表示关于，some books on China意为“关于中国的一些书”。句意为：“Nick，你在去中国旅行之前最好读一些关于中国的书。”故选D。

　　考点2 介词的固定搭配-

　　高考主要考查学生对固定短语的掌握程度、对短语意义的了解以及介词在这些固定搭配中的应用。

　　1．名词词组：on the contrary相反；in turn依次；in one’s opinion根据某人的看法；off time准时；out of reach够不着

　　2．动词词组：remind sb of sth提醒某人某事；rob sb of sth抢劫某人的……；rest from由……引起；call at访问(某地)

　　3．形容词词组：be curious about对……好奇；be proud of因……而自豪；be popular with受到……的欢迎

　　4．介词短语：apart from除……Pb；in addition to除……之外(还)；because of因为；instead of代替；in fear of为……提心吊胆；for fear of以免；in case of防备；thanks to由于；in the middle of在……中间；according to根据；in front of在……前面；in return for作为对……的回报；in charge of负责；as a result of作为……的结果；in exchange for与……交换等

　　China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ____all its citizens.

　　A. in charge of

　　B. for the purpose of

　　C. in honor of

　　D. for the benefit of

　　【三年高考】

　　1、1高考试题及其解析

　　【单项填空】

　　1.【2016·天津】2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.

　　A. out of control

　　B. out of date

　　C. out of sight

　　D. out of reach

　　2.【2016·浙江】6.That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's reliable.

　　A. Or else

　　B. In short

　　C. By the way

　　D. For one thing

　　3.【2016·浙江】7. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.

　　A. on

　　B. in

　　C. at

　　D. about

　　【语法填空】

　　1.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,

　　【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Most of us are more focused

　　44

　　our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.

　　【2016·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　【2016·四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　The mother continued to care for the young panda 47

　　more than two years.

　　1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分）

　　My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.

　　.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

　　At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

　　3.【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

　　Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.

　　【2016·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

　　While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.

　　1.【2015·重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.

　　A. below

　　B. on

　　C. at

　　D. above

　　2.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes

　　animals both on land and sea?

　　A. about

　　B. to

　　C. with

　　D. over

　　3.【2015·浙江】17. These comments came

　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　A. in memory of

　　B. in response to

　　C. in touch with

　　D. in possession of

　　4.【2015·浙江】10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable.

　　, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　A. As a result

　　B. In addition

　　C. By contrast

　　D. In conclusion

　　5.【2015·陕西】12. The little pupil took his grandma

　　the arm and walked her across the street.

　　A. on

　　B. by

　　C. in

　　D. at

　　6.【2015·福建】22._______A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.

　　A. of B. on C. to D. with

　　7.【2015·福建】32.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.

　　A. in view of B. in need of

　　C.in touch with 　D. in harmony with

　　A. thanks to

　　B. regardless of

　　C. aside from

　　D. but for

　　9.【2015·安徽】33.They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.

　　A. out of date

　　B. out of order

　　C. around the clock

　　D. around the corner

　　10.【2015·湖北】30.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　A.in advance

　　B.in detail

　　C. in total

　　D.in general

　　2017年高考试题

　　29.September 30 is the day_______which you must pay your bill.

　　A. by

　　B. for

　　C. with

　　D. in

　　2.【2017·重庆卷】7. She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _______ the road.

　　A. on

　　B. along

　　C. from

　　D. off

　　3.【2017·北京卷】23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.

　　A. by

　　B. in

　　C. for

　　D. until

　　4.【2017·天津卷】6. _______ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.

　　A. In reply to

　　B. In addition to

　　C. In charge of

　　D. In place of

　　5.【2017·江西卷】25. Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.___; it could just put you in debt.

　　A.

　　In other words

　　B. All in all

　　C.

　　As a result

　　D. On the other hand

　　6.【2017·江西卷】33. It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life __his great wealth.

　　A. without

　　B.

　　despite

　　C.

　　in

　　D. to

　　7.【2017·福建卷】22. Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background.

　　A. due to

　　B. except for

　　C. along with

　　D. regardless of

　　8.【2017·湖北卷】Check carrots，potatoes, onions and any other vegetables and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.

　　A. in demand B. in store C. on loan D. on sale

　　9.【2017·江苏卷】24. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________.

　　A. in place

　　B. in order

　　C. in shape

　　D. in fashion

　　10.【2017·陕西卷】14. The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.

　　A. by

　　B. of

　　C. in

　　D. with

　　11.【2017·浙江卷】10. While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers  without

　　    asking for anything ______ .

　　   A. in return            B. in common           C. in turn               D. in place

　　12.【2017·浙江卷】17. People won’t pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying _______

　　   expression.

　　   A. from             B. over                 C. with               D. for

　　13.【2017·浙江卷】18. There’s no reason to be disappointed. ______, this could be rather amusing.

　　   A. Above all         B. As a result             C. In addition         D. As a matter of fact

　　【两年模拟】201、201名校模拟题及其答案解析

　　1. 【】The topic of the Romany will continue to be controversial, and the peace between them and many European is tentative_______.

　　A. at last

　　B. at latest

　　C. at least

　　D. at best

　　.【】_____ what many people thought, the graduate came here not to _______ fame or money but the true value of life.

　　A. On the contrary with; look for

　　B. To the contrary of; hunt for

　　C. Opposite to; search

　　D. Contrary to; seek

　　3. 【】 ________ skill, Jim is believed to be one of the best and most talented basketball players in the country.

　　A. In salute to

　　B. On behalf of

　　C. In terms of

　　D. In honour of

　　.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】Singer Zhang Lei won “The Voice of China” 2015 season at the Bird Nest in Beijing on Oct 7, 2015, with years of experience ________ him.

　　A. against

　　B. for

　　C. of

　　D. behind

　　5. 【】With China’s Singles’ Day approaching, shop owners offer large discounts ______ high sales volumes created by enthusiastic buyers.

　　A. in expectation of

　　B. in regard to

　　C. in terms of

　　D. in response to

　　. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】_______ early warnings from forecasters, residents were able to prepare and no deaths or serious injuries were reported.

　　A. In spite of

　　B. According to

　　C. Regardless of

　　D. Thanks to

　　7. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】Netizens turned the weibo account of China’s second richest man into a battlefield debating charity giving after other celebrities publicized their donations. ________ the netizens’ questions, Jack Ma said he was bothered when he owned more than 10 million yuan.

　　A. In a gesture to B. In honor of

　　C. In response to

　　D. In association with

　　8. 【】You’ll succeed _____ as long as you love it with a passion because life will give back what you put into it.

　　A. on time B. at that time C. in time D. for the time

　　. 【】— So you are still sitting here, doing nothing!

　　— Don’t worry, Mom. I have everything _____.

　　A. under the control B. under control C. beyond the control D. beyond control

　　. 【】The biggest lesson from Paris attacks on November 13, 2015 lies in building more international cooperation in the global fight _____ terrorism.

　　A. on B. for C. in D. against

　　___ the machine’s enormous size, it runs smoothly and noiselessly.

　　A. For good

　　B. For ever

　　C. For all

　　D. For sure

　　12.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose

　　___ the floor as if by magic.

　　A. from

　　B. under

　　C. from under

　　D. from up

　　13.【浙江建人高复学校2016届高三上学期第一次月考】10. Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.

　　A. in demand

　　B. in store

　　C. on loan

　　D. on sale

　　14.【北京市朝阳区2015--2016学年度第一学期期末高三年级统一】35.

　　Working in the kitchen for years made Alice ______ a good cook.

　　A. for

　　B. into

　　C. of

　　D. as

　　15.【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三上学期期初联考】24. The tourists were all pushing _________ one another when they tried to get on the bus.

　　A. over

　　B. against

　　C. on

　　D. off

　　16.【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三上学期期初联考】34. ____________ electronic mails, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.

　　A. Apart from

　　B. According to

　　C. Thanks to

　　D. In spite of

　　2015年模拟题

　　1.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】11.Jennifer's work is ________ average, while her younger sister's is very much below it.

　　A. under

　　B. with

　　C. beneath

　　D. above

　　2.【浙江省东阳市2015届高三5月模拟】Their family business has expanded enormously, while ours, _______, has declined.

　　A. on the other hand

　　B. in the meanwhile

　　C. in fact

　　D. in contrast

　　3.【浙江省东阳市2015届高三5月模拟】There is one issue that stands out above all the rest, one every student is concerned about, _______ which class he may be from.

　　A. regardless of B. on account of C. in addition to D. according to

　　4.【江苏省淮安市2015届高三第五次模拟】Ding Junhui plays _______ Gary Wilson in the semifinal of the 2015 World Snooker China Open in Beijing, April 4, 2015.

　　A. over

　　B. for

　　C. against

　　D. with

　　5.【江苏省淮安市2015届高三第五次模拟】 —I’m afraid the project may be several days behind schedule due to bad weather.

　　—Don’t worry. Three more assistants will be _______ in no time at all.

　　A. at your convenience

　　B. at your command

　　C. at your risk

　　D. at your request

　　6.【福建省龙岩市2015年高中毕业班5月教学质量检查】Premier Li Keqiang urges that we should all seek to live

　　in a world of multi-civilizations.

　　A. in vain B. in comfort C. in harmony D. in defense

　　7.【江苏省南京市2015届高三第三次模拟】 If Kate had known what was _______ for her, she would not have married Tom.

　　A. in response B. in return C. in reaction D. in store

　　8.【陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学2015届高三下学期5月模拟】Mr. Li is remembered for his novels, but his scientific work is ______ equal importance.

　　A. about

　　B. by

　　C. above

　　D. of

　　9.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】Theoretically, a good screwdriver should last a lifetime, but it rarely___________, usually because it is used at one time or another as ___________ some other tool.

　　A. should, a favor for

　　B. should, a lack of

　　C. does, a way of

　　D. does, a substitute for

　　10.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】Owing to heavy traffic jams, many people would like to choose the train ______ driving.

　　A. in preference to

　　B. in addition to  

　　C. in answer to

　　D. in relation to

　　11.【福建省宁德市2015届高中毕业班第二次质量检查】 His parents provide him a happy home environment, so he is often _____ and confident of the future.

　　A. in charge

　　B. at home

　　C. in sight

　　D. at ease

　　12.【安徽省“淮南一中 蒙城一中 颍上一中 怀远一中”四校2015届高三5月联考】 The Wall Street Journal reports several research studies conducted over the past few years show a persons personality changes _____ time.

　　A. in

　　B. on

　　C. without

　　D. over

　　13.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】 I began to feel ______ in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.

　　A. at home

　　B. at heart

　　C. at will

　　D. at sight

　　14.【天津市2015届高考压轴】 You can find the Abele Owners’ Network _____ http: / / www. owners. com.

　　　A. at　 B. on 　C. in 　D. with

　　_____ increasing public discontent, the government is determined to push the bill through.

　　A. In terms of

　　B. As a result of

　　C. In favor of

　　D. In spite of

　　16.【福建省永安市2015届高三下学期质检】Frequent smoggy weather has set the alarm ringing; by no means can we develop economy _____ the environment.

　　A. under the name of

　　B. for the sake of

　　C. at the cost of

　　D. in the light of

　　17.【福建省泉州第五中学2015届高三5月模拟】She looked in the direction of the window, but there was nothing in front ______ the deep darkness.

　　A. other than

　　B. rather than

　　C. more than

　　D. less than

　　18.【天津市和平区2015届高三下学期第四次模拟】At the ceremony, the president delivered a thank-you speech ______ the company.

　　A. on account of

　　B. in charge of

　　C. on behalf of

　　D. in terms of

　　19.【福建省泉州第五中学2015届高三5月模拟】________ the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all respects of life, bringing great pressure as well as plentiful chances to everyone.

　　A. In spite of

　　B. By means of

　　C. On account of

　　D. In terms of

　　【一年原创】

　　原创试题及其解析

　　. The act of seeing things _______ a different perspective can help us to see the positive in what looks like the negative.

　　A. in B. to C. from D. with

　　2. Both parties have agreed to the proposal _______ but we still have to negotiate the details.

　　A. in principle

　　B. on occasion

　　C. on schedule

　　D. in contrast

　　3. Tom usually does traditional exercises like sit-ups, press-ups and pull-ups to stay ______.

　　A. in shape

　　B. in order

　　C. in fashion

　　D. in place

　　4. The pollution of the forest has seriously affected plant life and, _______ a lesser extent, wildlife. 

　　A. on

　　B. to

　　C. in

　　D. at

　　5. World Bank warned that China’s working-age population would fall by 10% by 2040 ________ a recent relaxation of its one-child policy.

　　A. in favor of

　　B. in terms of

　　C. in response to

　　D. in spite of

　　6. Overall, female college students were _______ the minority, accounting for less than a quarter of all those who chose the military course.

　　A. on

　　B. at

　　C. in

　　D. by

　　7. There is certainly no difference between you two _______________ intelligence.

　　A. in memory of

　　B. in honor of

　　C. in search of

　　D. in terms of

　　8. In France, Sophie Marceau, 36, is one of the top 15 actresses. It's a country where mature women are considered attractive and film mirrors this, _________America's love of fresh faces and glamour.

　　A. with regard to

　　B. on account of

　　C. in contrast to

　　D. In response to

　　9. It was________ what I had previously thought that my new English teacher turned out to be a very interesting person.

　　A. in spite of

　　B. contrary to

　　C. as a result of

　　D. in addition to

　　10. Some 2.2 million people in Britain have type 2 (or late-onset) diabetes, a figure that is expected to reach 4 million by 2025 _________ rising levels of obesity.

　　A．regardless of

　　B． as a consequence of

　　C．in favor of

　　D．in terms of

　　. In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage _______ others.

　　A. against

　　B. beyond

　　C. over

　　D. for

　　12. —I will call in at the supermarket on my way home. Is there anything you want?

　　—Oh, nothing _______.

　　A. in particular

　　B. in addition

　　C. in all

　　D. in general

　　13. –Can you give me some advice on what major I should take at college?

　　–With pleasure. We can talk about it _____ lunch.

　　A. at

　　B. over

　　C. by

　　D. for

　　14．As an official, one should serve the people at any cost sitting back to protect the chair．

　　A．in

　　B．instead of

　　C．in need of D．in favor of

　　．The hunter shot at the birds ______ the big tree, only to shoot ______．

　　A． on; nothing

　　B． on; neither

　　C． in; none

　　D． in; no one

　　． industry, Zhang repeatedly urged the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, improvement of product quality and enhancement of industrial competitiveness.

　　A．in

　　B．instead of

　　C．in need of D．in favor of

　　We must read not only between the lines,but sometimes_______the lines so that we can fully understand the writer.

　　A.within

　　B.among

　　C.besides

　　D.beyond

　　18.The home improvements have taken what little there is________my spare time.

　　A.from

　　B.in

　　C.of

　　D.at