3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语：专题10 定语从句（原卷版）

　　3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列

　　专题10

　　定语从句

　　【2017年高考命题预测】

　　高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。

　　预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。

　　2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布

　　考纲要求

　　定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。

　　命题规律

　　一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。

　　二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。

　　【考点pk】

　　名师考点透析

　　考点1：关系代词一览表

　　关系词 先行词 从句

　　成分 例句 备注

　　关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that

　　whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith i s the person with whom I am working

　　The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..

　　whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.

　　The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate.

　　that 人，物 主语

　　宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.

　　She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.

　　which 物 主语

　　宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.

　　The picture which was about the accident was terrible.

　　as 人，物 主语

　　宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.

　　This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.

　　as做宾语一般不省略

　　关系副词 when 时间 时间

　　状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which

　　where 地点 地点

　　状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which

　　why 原因 原因

　　状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which

　　考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别

　　that和which的用法区别:

　　在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意：

　　(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如：

　　This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。

　　(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如：

　　Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。

　　(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：

　　This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。

　　(3) 先行词为代词that或that所修饰时，只能用which。如：

　　I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。

　　who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解:

　　在定语从句中，关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：

　　一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形

　　(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

　　(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗？

　　(3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

　　(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

　　(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：

　　The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

　　二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形

　　(1)

　　当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。

　　(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生

　　(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　Who is woman that you talked with just now? 刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁？

　　(4) the same as与the same that

　　the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物；the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物，即：同一事物。如：

　　She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣。(暗含：她偷了我的上衣)

　　She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣。(暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件)

　　考点3

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　1、关系副词一览表

　　关系副词 when 时间 时间

　　状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which

　　where 地点 地点

　　状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which

　　why 原因 原因

　　状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which

　　②He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane．他发现他陷入了危险的境地，他有可能会失去对飞机的控制。

　　1．概述

　　“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，使用的关系代词一般是which，whom，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：

　　(1)介词+关系代词

　　Mandela was the black lawyer to whom 1 went for advice．=Mandela was the black lawyer whom 1 went to for advice．曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。

　　(2)名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词

　　①Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，three of which were English novels．=Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore，of which three were English novels．上个星期天，我从书店买回几本书，其中三本是英文小说。

　　②He wrote a book，the name of which I’ve completely forgotten．他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。

　　③The old man has two daughters．both of whom are doctors．那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。

　　(3)形容词最高级+介词+关系代词

　　China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan．中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。

　　(4)介词+关系代词+名词

　　I called him by the wrong name．for which mistake I apologized．我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)

　　2．关系代词的选择

　　用于”介词+关系代词”结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which，即介词+which/whom。

　　【三年高考】

　　1、1高考试题及其解析

　　【单项填空】

　　1.【2016·北京】22. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.

　　A. whose

　　B. why

　　C. where

　　D. which

　　8.【2016·江苏】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

　　A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those

　　12.【2016·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.

　　A. that

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　16.【2016·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

　　A. whom

　　B. which

　　C. what

　　D. that

　　【语法填空】

　　【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

　　【短文改错】

　　【2016·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

　　The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest

　　1.【2015·湖南】29.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..

　　A. as

　　B. where C. that D. which

　　2.【2015·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.

　　A. which

　　B.that

　　C.when

　　D.where

　　3.【2015·重庆】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.

　　A. whom

　　B. which

　　C. them

　　D. that

　　4.【2015·浙江】19. Creating an atmosphere

　　employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

　　A. as

　　B. whose

　　C. in which

　　D. at which

　　5.【2015·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. who

　　6.【2015·四川】3.The books on the desk,

　　covers are shiny, are prizes for us.

　　A．which

　　B. what

　　C. whose

　　D. that

　　7.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time

　　he should be able to be independent.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. whom

　　D. when

　　8.【2015·福建】34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

　　A. who

　　B. whom

　　C. that

　　D. Which

　　9.【2015·江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

　　A. it

　　B. which

　　C. what

　　D. as

　　10.【2015·安徽】28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.

　　A. it

　　B. that

　　C. whose

　　D. which

　　2017年高考试题

　　’ll reach the sales targets in a month _______ we set at the beginning of the year.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. what

　　2.【2017·北京卷】26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..

　　A.who

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. Where

　　3.【2017·天津卷】12. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.

　　A. all of which

　　B. each of which

　　C. all of them

　　D. each of them

　　4.【2017·山东卷】10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.

　　A. which

　　B. whose

　　C. who

　　D. why

　　5.【2017·江西卷】35. It was the middle of the night __ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

　　A. that

　　B.

　　as

　　C.

　　which

　　D. when

　　6.【2017·四川卷】4. I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.

　　A. that                    B. which              

　　C. who                  D. it

　　7.【2017·福建卷】31. Students should involve themselves in community activities

　　they can gain experience for growth.

　　A. who

　　B. when

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　8.【2017·江苏卷】22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.

　　A. which

　　B. when

　　C. as

　　D. where

　　9.【2017·陕西卷】13. Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. as

　　D. what

　　10.【2017·安徽卷】22．The exact year

　　Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.

　　A. When

　　B. where

　　C. why

　　D. which

　　31.I am looking forward to the day

　　my daughter can read this book and know my

　　feelings for her.

　　A. as

　　B. why

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　12.【2017·浙江卷】5. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck

　　  in the branches of a tree.

　　   A. when                  B. where            

　　C. which               

　　D. why

　　【两年模拟】201、201名校模拟题及其答案解析

　　1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】8. I have had such a case ______ a boy whispered to his deskmate now and then while I was having lessons.

　　A. that

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. as

　　【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】Sometimes we have to face embarrassing moments ________ we can only keep silent.

　　A. who B. which

　　C. when

　　D. why

　　【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】You must learn to read people, ______ will be necessary if you work in a team.

　　A. who

　　B. that

　　C. which

　　D. what

　　. 【】Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform ______ many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. what

　　D. who

　　. 【】 In ancient Egypt, green represented hope and spring, ________ is the time of year ________ things in nature start to grow after a long winter.

　　A. when; which

　　B. what; when

　　C. which; when

　　D. which; that

　　.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】Your senses become alert and you suddenly find the answer to a problem ________ solution has long escaped you as a brilliant thought crosses your mind.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. whose

　　D. when

　　7.【】Common sense requires us to get away from the concept that national boundaries are frontiers _________ knowledge may not spread.

　　A. with which

　　B. across with

　　C. through which

　　D. from which

　　．【】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, __________ uses it differently.

　　A. all of which

　　B. each of which

　　C. all of them

　　D. each of them

　　．【】It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all．

　　A．that

　　B．where

　　C．which

　　D．what

　　. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】Tomorrow we'll pay a visit to a museum, next to _______ is a nice restaurant where we can have Italian food．

　　A. that

　　B. this

　　C. it

　　D. which

　　. 【江苏省苏北四市（徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）2016届高三上学期期中质量】In history, the Romany split into different groups and developed their own language, _______ there are now approximately sixty varieties.

　　A. by which

　　B. of which

　　C. by whom

　　D. of whom

　　12.【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】–Thank you for your assistance, without ________ I might have been in danger.

　　--That’s all right, anyone in my place ________ the same thing.

　　A. that; will do

　　B. which; would have done

　　C. it, would

　　D. which; can have done

　　13. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】When it comes to the majority of the latest technologies in the next 20 years, ________ has greater potential than the technology being developed in these young people’s company, ________ in my eyes will lead to a revolution.

　　A. nothing; which

　　B. none; where

　　C. nothing; where

　　D. none; which

　　14. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but ________, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. one

　　D. whose

　　15. 【】— Hey! You look cool in your new hairstyle.

　　— Thanks. If you like, you can try the barber’s _____ I have my hair cut.

　　A. where B. who C. which D. when

　　1Eventually the two sides reached an agreement ___ could not be taken the place of.

　　A. whose the details

　　B. the details of whose

　　C. whose details

　　D. of which details

　　2015年模拟题

　　1.【福建省泉州第五中学2015届高三5月模拟】Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation ________, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available.

　　A. which B. when C. that

　　D. where

　　2.【福建省永安市2015届高三下学期质检】The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

　　A. for which

　　B. in which

　　C. at

　　which

　　D. on which

　　3.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】 I’m going to spend the summer holiday in Hainan,________ lives my uncle.

　　A. where

　　B. who

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　4. 【安徽省“淮南一中 蒙城一中 颍上一中 怀远一中”四校2015届高三5月联考】 Ning Zetao easily proved himself to be a rising star with four gold medals during the 17th Asian Games, ______was held in Incheon, South Korea last year.

　　A. where

　　B. who

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　5.【福建省宁德市2015届高中毕业班第二次质量检查】The lady standing over there may be from the USA, _____ I guess has lost her way.

　　A. whom

　　B. who

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　6.【福建省龙岩市2015年高中毕业班5月教学质量检查】An American student turned her exam notes into Van Gogh’s Starry Night,

　　amazed all her teachers.

　　A. which B. when C. where D. as

　　7.【天津市河西区2015届高三下学期总复习质量调查（三）】12.His study in Peking University lasted four years, ______ he founded his own company in Hong Kong.

　　A. after which

　　B. after when

　　C. after that

　　D. after it

　　8.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】23. Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of film _________ is bad for

　　their mental development.

　　A. as

　　B. what

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　9.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期三模】20. The Alibaba Group, _____was founded in 1999, has become China’s largest e-commerce company.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. whose

　　D. whether

　　10.【湖南省桃江县第一中学2015届高三5月模拟】 Teenage is an especially important stage for us, ______we are supposed to go all out to improve ourselves because anything can happen.

　　A. what

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　11.【重庆市2015届高考压轴卷】 More and more people prefer jogging in the morning, _______ benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen.

　　A. which B. that C. whose

　　D. who

　　12.【浙江省东阳市2015届高三5月模拟】Andrew lives alone and enjoys the company of a pet cat _______ he’s grown so fond.

　　A. which B. in which C. of which D. when

　　13.【江苏省淮安市2015届高三第五次模拟】After the death of her mother, the girl was sold to a rich man just in the neighboring area, from

　　_______ house she tried to escape twice.

　　A. whom

　　B. his

　　C. whose

　　D. which

　　14.【江苏省南京市2015届高三第三次模拟】Loneliness is a feeling _______ people experience a powerful rush of emptiness and solitude.

　　A. which

　　B. where C. that D. how

　　15.【陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学2015届高三下学期5月模拟】 Their youngest girl is at the stage ______ she can say a single word but not a full sentence

　　A. when

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　16.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】More and more people prefer jogging in the morning, _______ benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. whose

　　D. who

　　17.【天津市2015届高考压轴】 The main street is lined with small stands and shops _____ sell almost anything you can imagine.

　　A. what 　B. where　 C. who 　D. which

　　18. 【福建省泉州第一中学2015届高三下学期最后一次模拟】 Cellfish refers to an individual _______ talks on his or her cell phone even when doing so is rude or inconsiderate of other people.

　　A. who

　　B. whose

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　19.【四川省新津中学2015届高三考前最后模拟】The days are gone

　　physical strength was all you needed to make a living.

　　A. when

　　B.that

　　C.where

　　D.which

　　20.【天津市和平区2015届高三下学期第四次模拟】Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ______ sight matters more than hearing.

　　A. when

　　B. whose

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　【一年原创】

　　原创试题及其解析

　　The past is the bank ______ we store our most valuable possession: the memories that give meaning and depth

　　to our lives.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. what

　　D. when

　　2. Many college graduates are willing to run online shops to get over the occasion ________ they have difficult finding a well-paid job.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　3. Generally speaking, such important strategies were applied in learning practice _______ almost every student could benefit from in life.

　　A. when

　　B. that

　　C. as

　　D. where

　　4. The traffic might be very busy now, ________ case we may be considerably delayed.

　　A. which

　　B. whose

　　C. of which

　　D. in which

　　5. The 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre ______ seats an audience of approximately 3,400.

　　A. where

　　B. whose

　　C. when

　　D. which

　　6. —What do you think of your new job?

　　—I think it is a job _______ you are doing something serious but exciting.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. that

　　7．Developing nations insist that richer countries, ________ have already completed their own polluting industrial revolution, must shoulder the greater burden for the carbon emission cuts.

　　A．that

　　B．what

　　C．it

　　D. which

　　8. It was Sept 3, 2015 ________China held a massive military parade to mark the 70th anniversary of its victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.

　　A. that

　　B. since

　　C. when

　　D. before

　　9. Please keep it in mind that the best relationship is one ________ you love for each other is greater than you ask for each other.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　10. Most college graduates are looking forward to find a job ______ they can earn money to support themselves.

　　A. why

　　B. when

　　C. that

　　D. where

　　11.Prime Minister Modi, _________ is making his first visit to China since _______ last year, arrived early Thursday in Xi'an.

　　A. who; being elected

　　B. who; elected

　　C. whom; was elected

　　D. that; being elected

　　12. Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation ______, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available. A. when

　　B. where

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　13. During the race, we had a bad weather—what’s called a “white-out” —_______ visibility is very poor.

　　A. that

　　B. why

　　C. where

　　D. how

　　14. There is still one point _____ we must make clear in this case.

　　A. where

　　B. that

　　C. why

　　D. when

　　15. Personal space is the region surrounding a person _____they regard as psychologically theirs.

　　A. who

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. which

　　16. Remember that the best relationship is one _______ you love for each other is greater than your need for each other.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　17. English is a language shared by several different cultures, ________ uses it in different ways.

　　A. all of whom

　　B. each of them

　　C. all of them

　　D. each of which

　　18. --Have you ever seen the TV program Running Man?

　　--Yes. It’s the best program______ I have seen in the past few months.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. that

　　19. We should set up more cultural parks

　　the old can enjoy themselves.

　　A. when B. whose C. where D. which

　　20. I have a big dream — I want to go into space, _______ will take some time to realize, I guess.

　　A. what

　　B. it

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　21. Never before______ such a wonderful park, ______ I'd like to pay a visit again.

　　A. had I seen; where

　　B. have I seen; which

　　C. have I seen; where

　　D. had I seen; which

　　22．Fortunately , the adventurers brought the GPS with themselves,

　　they might have been lost in the desert.

　　A. of which

　　B. without which

　　C. in which

　　D. about which

　　． Life is like an onion，

　　sometimes makes you weep when you try to open it．

　　A．that

　　B．as

　　C．which

　　D．what

　　. Clean water and fresh air are essential for our daily life, _______ we can’t live.

　　A. by which

　　B. without which

　　C. that

　　D. on which

　　25． Mr. Zhang once taught in a remote village in Anhui province as a volunteer, was accessible only on foot.

　　A. where

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. what

　　26. The president stressed that young people's values determine the values of the future society, and more efforts should be made to ensure young people's cultivation of sound value systems, ________ are still in the formation stage.

　　A. which

　　B.what

　　C.when

　　D. where

　　27．I

　　a woman the other day，

　　made me think she was a film star.

　　A．which

　　B．that

　　C．whose

　　D．who

　　．A woman with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _____ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. what