2017届（全国卷地区）高考英语一轮复习学生手册：必修4 Unit 1《Women of achievement》听课手册

　　Unit 1　Women of achievement

　　叶诗文，1996年3月1日出生于浙江省杭州市，2010年以来在各重大游泳赛事中表现优异，成为中国泳坛首位“大满贯(Grand Slam)”得主，成为新一代的中国游泳领军人物。“叶诗文是怎样炼成的？”近期某网站就此现象对网民做了一次调查，结果见下表。请根据下面表格中的文字内容写一篇短文，短文内容须包括表中提供的所有信息。

　　成功的关键 1. 聪明有天赋，爱动脑筋，纠正错误及时

　　2. 挚爱且自律，认真训练从不缺席，保质保量完成训练任务

　　3. 要强不服输，心理素质好，从容面对失败，不放弃

　　你能向她

　　学点什么？ 　(不少于两点)

　　　精彩美文　

　　Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on March 1st, 1996，Ye Shiwen, has been performing amazingly in different important swimming matches, being China's first Grand Slam swimming champion. Her great success has aroused national concern on the Internet.

　　There are factors contributing to her achievements. To begin with, Ye Shiwen has a gift for swimming and is ready to think over her techniques, making it possible that she can correct her mistakes timely. Additionally, Ye has been interested in swimming, so she takes every practice seriously and completes it with quality and quantity guaranteed, never being absent. Moreover, Ye has such good psychological quality that she can cope with every detail well, especially when faced with failure.

　　Personally, she has set a good example to us students and we can learn a lot from her. Not only her perseverance and persistence but also her diligence and optimism are all what we can benefit from.

　　　名师点睛　

　　1．文章体裁：说明文。

　　2．行文逻辑：介绍内容→个人看法。

　　3．词汇短语：运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如：contribute to(是……的原因)，to begin with(首先)，have a gift for(有……的天赋)，cope with(处理，对待)，personally(以我之见)，set a good example to(为……树立好榜样)等。

　　4．句式句法：运用了多样化的句式结构。如：①非谓语动词短语作状语：making it possible that she can correct her mistakes timely；never being absent；②状语从句：especially when faced with failure；③并列句：Not only her perseverance and persistence but also her diligence…；④定语从句：what we can benefit from等。

　　Ⅰ.单词荟萃

　　1．________ n．成就；功绩→________v．达到；完成；实现

　　2．________ n．专家；专业工作者→________adj.特殊的；专门的→________vi.专攻；专门从事

　　3．________n．连接；关系→________v．连接

　　4．________n．组织；机构；团体→________vt.组织；筹备；成立；使有条理

　　5．________vt.& vi.举动；表现→________n．行为；举止

　　6．________vt.观察；观测；遵守→________n．观察；观测

　　7．________vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意→________adj.值得尊敬的；正派的；体面的→________adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的

　　8．________vt.& vi.讨论；争论；辩论→________n．争论；辩论→________adj.引起争论的

　　9．________n．人群；观众 vt.挤满；使拥挤→________adj.拥挤的

　　10．________vt.鼓舞；激发；启示→________adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的→________adj.鼓舞人的→________n．鼓舞；灵感

　　11．________n．& vt.支持，拥护→________n．支持者，拥护者

　　12．________ vi.谈到；查阅，参考→________n．提及，涉及；参考，查阅；引文；参考书目；证明书；推荐信

　　13．________vt.计划，打算→________n．打算，目的，意图

　　14．________ adj.考虑周到的→________v．考虑；认为→________n．考虑；体谅→________prep.考虑到

　　15．________vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)→________n．投递；交货；分娩

　　Ⅱ.短语检测

　　1．把……奉献给　_____________________

　　2．人类

　　_____________________

　　3．离开，起程，出发

　　_____________________

　　4．(想法、问题等)涌上心头，涌入脑海

　　_____________________

　　5．蔑视，瞧不起

　　_____________________

　　6．查阅，参考；谈到

　　_____________________

　　7．碰巧，凑巧

　　_____________________

　　8．偶遇，碰见

　　_____________________

　　9．继续，坚持

　　_____________________

　　10．为……而战

　　_____________________

　　Ⅲ.佳句再现

　　1．Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months __________________ to begin her project.

　　她的母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。

　　2．①Suddenly ______________ how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.

　　突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。

　　②________________ she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.

　　她似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学、写书和文章。

　　3．Once I stop, it all comes ______________ and I remember the chimps in laboratories.

　　我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。

　　4．①______________________a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.

　　我们当天第一件要做的事是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。

　　②This means ____________________the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.

　　这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。

　　③She spent years ________________their daily activities.

　　她花了多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。

　　5．Further reading made me realize that __________hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature________ got her into medical school.

　　进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。

　　Ⅳ.课文回顾

　　Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3，1934. Since childhood, she was attracted by animals and animal stories. In 1957, the 23­year­old Goodall went to Kenya to work as a secretary. She also arranged to meet the famous 1.________(special) Louis Leakey, who hired her as his assistant. She went with him on many trips to the African jungle and in 1960, Leakey sent Goodall 2.________(observe) chimpanzees in a remote animal preserve, recording the animals' 3.________ (behave).

　　She woke up in the morning and went back to the place 4.________ she left the family 5.________ (sleep) in a tree the night before. She waited in the shade of the trees 6.________the family began to wake up and moved off. She spent her years 7.________ (observe) the chimps and tried to make people aware that it is wrong to use chimps for 8.________ (entertain) and advertisements. She helped to set up special places where chimps could live 9.________ (safe) in the wild. What she did set a good example to others 10.________ (achieve) their goals.

　　　单词点睛　

　　1 behave　vt.& vi.(to act or function in a particular or usual way)举动；(举止或行为)表现

　　(1)behave oneself　使举止规矩些

　　behave well/badly

　　举止良好/糟糕

　　(2)well­behaved

　　表现好的

　　badly-behaved

　　表现差的

　　(3)behaviour [U]

　　举止，行为

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·江苏卷·阅读D] People believing in freedom are those who behave within the laws and value systems.

　　信仰自由的人是那些行为以法律和价值观为准则的人。

　　(2)Much to my surprise, he behaved as if nothing had happened.In general，I was quite pleased with his ________．

　　使我非常吃惊的是，他表现得好像什么事也没发生过。总的来说，我对他的表现非常满意。

　　(3)They might have been polite to you if you ________________a gentleman just now.

　　如果你刚才表现得像个绅士，他们或许对你就有礼貌了。

　　(4)The children ________ badly, the teacher kept them after school.

　　孩子们表现得不好，所以放学后老师把他们留了下来。

　　2 observe　vt. (to watch sb/sth carefully)观察，观测；(to obey rules, laws, etc.)遵守；(to see or notice sb/sth)看到，注意到；(to celebrate festivals, birthdays, etc.)庆祝

　　(1)observe sb do sth观察/看到某人做某事(全过程)

　　observe sb doing sth

　　观察/看到某人正在做某事

　　observe that…

　　发现，观察……

　　(2)observation n.

　　观察；观察力；观测

　　be under observation

　　受到监视

　　【巧学助记】

　　[温馨提示] observe后跟不带to的不定式或v.­ing形式作补语，即observe sb do/doing sth，不能说observe sb to do sth，但在被动语态中，必须带to。如：He observed someone open the door.→Someone is observed to open the door.

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·江苏卷·阅读A] Always observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecue—make sure ashes are cold before leaving.

　　始终遵守地区防火禁令。如果你吸烟或者进行室外用火或烧烤的话，一定要小心，确保灰烬冷却之后再离开。

　　(2)Then he returned to the town hall, and the clerk observed him attentively ________(examine) a road map of France which was hung in his study.

　　随后，他回到市政厅，一位职员看见他正细心地研究挂在他书房里的一张法国公路图。

　　(3)Taking a few steps to the side, our camera crew finds itself being observed (＝________)．

　　往边上走了几步，我们摄制组发现自己正在受到监视。

　　(4)By closely ________ the actions of animals, scientists may be able to predict earthquakes.

　　通过密切观察动物的行为，科学家们就有可能预测地震。

　　3 argue　vi.& vt.(to speak angrily to sb because you disagree with them)争论，辩论，争吵；证明，表明

　　(1)argue with sb on/about/over sth 　与某人争论/辩论某事

　　argue against/for

　　为反对/赞成……而辩论

　　argue sb into/out of doing sth

　　说服某人做/不做某事

　　(2)argument n.

　　争论，辩论，争吵

　　get into an argument with sb

　　和某人争论起来

　　【易混辨析】

　　argue, quarrel与discuss

　　(1)argue “争论，辩论”，指举出理由或事实来与对方争辩，有企图说服对方的含义。

　　(2)quarrel “争吵，吵架，争辩”，侧重用口角的方式争执。

　　(3)discuss “讨论”，指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而交换意见。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·陕西卷·阅读D] But he argued that this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of that success.

　　但他认为，这并不能证明父母的参与是成功的根本原因。

　　(2)[2017·安徽卷·阅读D] Thus, I would argue __________copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different.

　　因此，我反对抄袭以前的建筑风格，而会选择一些新鲜的、不同的。

　　(3)They are arguing ________their classmates about the solution to the problem.

　　他们正在就这个问题的解决方法和同学们争论。

　　(4)We tried many ways to argue him __________accepting our advice, but in vain.

　　我们想尽各种办法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒然。(5)It's no use ______________ the question with him for he won't change his mind.

　　拿这个问题和他争论是没有用的，因为他不会改变主意。

　　4 support　vt.& n．(to give help)支持，拥护；赡养

　　(1)support sb/a family　支持某人/赡养家庭

　　support on

　　靠……支持/撑

　　support (sb) against

　　支持(某人)反对

　　(2)in support of sb/sth

　　支持/支援某人/某物

　　come to sb's support

　　援助某人

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读C] It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.

　　越来越多的学生用“间隔年”的时间来赚钱，以支持自己的学位学习，这一点不足为奇。

　　(2)I support him ________ those who are finding fault with him.

　　我支持他反对那些专挑他毛病的人。

　　(3)After graduating from college, she decided to support herself __________ her musical talents.

　　大学毕业后，她决定依靠自己的音乐才能养活自己。

　　(4)He even made some experiments ____________ his views.

　　为了证明他的看法正确，他甚至进行了一些实验。

　　(5)Just then a white­haired old woman entered, ______________ by a girl.

　　这时候，一个女孩搀着一位白发苍苍的老太太走了进来。

　　5 refer(referred，referring)vt.& vi.(to make mention or reference)谈到；查阅；参考

　　(1)refer to　提到；参考，查阅；与……相关

　　refer…to…

　　把……提交给……

　　refer to…as…

　　把……称作……

　　refer sb/sth to sb/sth

　　将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)

　　(2)reference n.

　　提及， 涉及；参考， 参考书目

　　[温馨提示] refer to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词等作宾语。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·天津卷·阅读A] If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.

　　自书面通知之日起一周内，如果宠物不被带离，这名学生就交由学生法庭处理。

　　(2)[2017·四川卷·阅读D] This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to ________ the “night owl” schedule of sleep.

　　这种典型的睡眠模式通常被称作“猫头鹰”型睡眠模式。

　　(3)The members ________ the question ________ the committee, as they were unable to reach a decision.

　　成员们把这个问题交给委员会处理，因为他们自己无法达成共识。

　　(4)Read these notes carefully and keep them for future ________.

　　仔细阅读这些注释并将其保留下来以备将来参考。

　　(5)指出句中refer to的不同意义。

　　①Many teachers talk at length about educational principles without once referring to a real child.________

　　②When I said some people were stupid I wasn't referring to you.________

　　③If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.________

　　④This is an important topic referring to almost everyone at present.________

　　6 intend　vt.(to have a plan)想要， 打算

　　(1)

　　had intended to do sth/intended to have done sth 　本来打算做某事

　　intend that…(should) do sth

　　打算……(应该)做某事；主张……(应该)做某事

　　(2)be intended to do sth/for sth

　　为……打算(或设计)的

　　(3)with the intention of

　　抱有……的目的

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·天津卷·阅读B] But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees.

　　但是，和其他社交机器人一样，设计Oshbot并不是为了取代员工，而是为了让它和其他员工一起工作。

　　(2)This programme was set up ________________ providing help to homeless people.

　　设立这个项目是为了帮助无家可归者。

　　(3)Having always been musical from an early age, the singer seems to ________________the concert stage.

　　这位歌手自幼爱好音乐，看来他/她生来就是要成为一名歌唱家。

　　(4)I intended to have read (＝______________) the book again, but I did not find time to (do so)．

　　我本想把这本书重读一遍，但未能抽出时间来。

　　(5)[2017·江苏卷·阅读B] Say you intend __________(watch) a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium.

　　假设你打算看一场足球赛，但是票很贵，而且往返体育馆要花掉你几个小时的时间。

　　7 deliver　vt.(to bring or transport to the proper place; to distribute)递送，交付，运载；(to help a woman to give birth to a baby)助产；(to give a speech)发表演说等

　　(1)deliver sth (to sb)　 投递/传送某物(给某人)

　　deliver a speech

　　发表演说

　　deliver a baby

　　接生

　　be delivered of a baby(＝give birth to a baby)

　　生孩子

　　deliver…(over) to sb

　　把……移交给某人

　　(2)delivery n.

　　投递；送货；分娩，生孩子

　　express delivery

　　快递

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·天津卷·阅读B] The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household.

　　这个机器人不只对问题提供一般性的应答，它还会基于对家庭中每个人的了解而做出相应的应答。

　　(2)That famous progressive thinker was asked ________________________at the meeting.

　　那位著名的进步思想家被邀请在会议上发表演讲。

　　(3)Can you give me your guarantee that the goods ____________________before Friday?

　　你能向我保证这批货在星期五之前交付吗？

　　(4)When the sale is complete, you must deliver the house__________ the new owner.

　　买卖成交后，你必须把房子移交给新主人。

　　　短语储存　

　　1 look down upon/on　蔑视，轻视，瞧不起

　　look forward to　盼望；期待

　　look into

　　调查；观察；窥视

　　look out (for…)

　　注意；留意；留神

　　look through

　　浏览；仔细查看

　　look up to

　　尊敬；仰视

　　look on as

　　把……看作；把……当作

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)Do not look down upon him! I am sure he is a diamond in the rough.

　　别小看他！我坚信他是一个外粗内秀的人。

　　(2)[2015·江苏卷·阅读D] Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.

　　雅典被越来越多的人当作是一个拥有大量财富的合作企业，所有的公民都有权利分享这一财富。

　　(3)用look相关短语的适当形式填空。

　　①The police did not begin to __________ the case until yesterday afternoon.

　　②Thank you for your interest in this project. We're ______________ working with you!

　　③I ____________those who always rely on others.

　　④The schoolmaster was a scholarly man. All his pupils ____________

　　him.

　　2 come across(＝run across＝meet by chance)(偶然)遇见，碰见

　　come about＝happen　发生

　　come from

　　来自

　　come out出现；开花；出版，发行；显出

　　come ______

　　谈到；达到；被想到

　　come up

　　(太阳)升起；发生；被提及

　　come up with

　　找到/提出(答案、办法等)

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2017·陕西卷·阅读B] She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿).

　　一天她正在打扫阁楼，突然发现一份落满尘灰的手稿。

　　(2)用come相关短语的适当形式填空。

　　①When I ____________a new word, I put it down in my notebook.

　　②How did it ____________that he knew where we were?

　　③It suddenly ____________ her that she had been wrong all along.

　　　句型透视　

　　1 Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。

　　【句式点拨】

　　once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦”；crowding in为现在分词短语作伴随状语，意为“涌入”。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)[2015·北京卷·单项填空] Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

　　一旦造成损害，耕地要好多年才能恢复。

　　(2) She had terrible patience, but difficulties were crowding in on the two.

　　她有很大的耐心，但是他们两人面临的困难越来越大。

　　(3)[2015·陕西卷·单项填空] I believe you will have a wonderful time here __________ you get to know everyone else.

　　一旦你慢慢认识了其他人，我相信你会觉得在这里的时光非常美好。

　　(4)As soon as I heard the familiar song, memories of my high school came ____________ on me.

　　一听到这首熟悉的歌，我的高中记忆就随之涌入脑海。

　　2 Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.

　　突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。

　　It hit/hits sb＋从句　某人突然想到……

　　【句式点拨】

　　本句中it hit sb that…是一个固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”，it在句中作形式主语。类似的句式还有：It struck/strikes sb…，It occurred/occurs to sb…。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)After hospital life for a week it suddenly hit me that nothing is more important than health.

　　住院一个星期后，我突然了解到没有比健康更重要的东西了。

　　(2)______________ all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.(hit)

　　我突然想起我把她的生日给忘了。

　　(3)__________________ that I was looking at a lot of wasted time and money.(strike)

　　我忽然感到自己看到的是大量被浪费的时间和金钱。

　　(4)[2015·广东卷·语法填空] Now ____________ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.(occur)

　　现在他突然意识到，他的农场有很大潜力，而且奶牛的死亡是一种因祸得福。

　　Ⅰ.单句填空

　　1．Do you want to get this book ____________(deliver)

　　to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?

　　2．He has decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worthwhile ____________ (buy)

　　it.

　　3．I ________________(intend) take a holiday last year, but I wasn't able to get away.

　　4.

　　I was impressed by his __________(inspire) words, and I decided to cooperate with him.

　　5.

　　He gave up the plan chiefly because it __________(support) by none of them.

　　6．Joanna left her husband because of his unacceptable ____________(behave)．

　　7．He was observed __________(slip) into the room and help himself to what he liked before the owner came back.

　　8．It is no use ____________(argue) with her over the matter. She is quite stubborn and will never change her mind.

　　9．Whichever way you look at it, an Olympic silver medal is a remarkable ____________ (achieve)

　　for one so young.

　　10．Only later did __________ hit me that I shouldn't have told her the story.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．All we need are a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

　　2．We did all we could inspire his creative thinking, expecting that he could think up some new ideas for the project.

　　3．I was on half way when it hit to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.

　　4．The woman, together with her husband and two children，all looking anxious，were asking the guard to let them through then.

　　5．It never hit

　　me that Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston could get divorce.

　　6．Since you don't know how to read the word, why not looking it up in a dictionary?

　　7．The money we are raising is intended to the poor boy who was born with a weak heart.

　　8．Only when he returned we told that the war had ended and the army had come back.

　　9．Although he had previously led stable life, unemployment and a series of illnesses left him temporarily without a home.

　　10．As far as we know, experiments of this kind had carried out in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War.

　　完成课时作业(十六)

　　Unit 1　Women of achievement

　　【基础自主梳理】

　　Ⅰ.1.achievement；achieve　2.specialist；special；specialize

　　3．connection；connect　4.organization；organize

　　5．behave；behaviour　6.observe；observation

　　7．respect；respectable；respectful

　　8．argue；argument；argued　9.crowd；crowded

　　10. inspire；inspired；inspiring；inspiration

　　11. support；supporter　12.refer；reference

　　13．intend；intention

　　14．considerate；consider；consideration；considering

　　15．deliver；delivery

　　Ⅱ.1.devote…to　2.human being　3.move off

　　4．crowd in 　5.look down on/upon 　6.refer to

　　7．by chance 　8.come across 　9.carry on 　10. fight for

　　Ⅲ.1.was she allowed

　　2．①it hit me　②It seemed that　3.crowding in

　　4．①Watching　②going back to　③observing and recording

　　5．it was; that

　　Ⅳ.1.specialist　2.to observe　3.behaviour　4.where

　　5．sleeping　6.while　7.(in) observing　8.entertainment

　　9．safely　10.to achieve

　　【考点互动探究】

　　单词点睛

　　1 (2)behaviour　(3)had behaved like　(4)behaving

　　2 (2)examining　(3)under observation　(4)observing

　　3 (2)against　(3)with　(4)into　(5)arguing over/about/on

　　4 (2)against　(3)on　(4)in support of/to support　(5)supported

　　5 (2)as　(3)referred; to　(4)reference

　　(5)①提及　②指　③查阅　④涉及

　　6 (2)with the intention of　(3)have been intended for　

　　(4)had intended to read　(5)to watch/watching

　　7 (2)to deliver a speech　(3)will be delivered

　　(4)(over) to

　　短语储存

　　1 活学活用　(3)①look into　②looking forward to　

　　③look down upon/on　④looked up to

　　2 to

　　活学活用　(2)①come across　②come about　③came to

　　句型透视

　　1 (3)once

　　　(4)crowding in

　　2 (2)It hit me　(3)It struck me　(4)it occurred to him

　　【步步跟踪验收】

　　Ⅰ.1.delivered　2.to buy/buying　3.had intended to

　　4．inspiring　5.was supported　6.behaviour

　　7．to slip　8.arguing　9.achievement　10.it

　　Ⅱ.1.are 改为is　2.could 后加to

　　3．hit 改为occurred或去掉hit 后的to　4.were 改为was

　　5．divorce改为divorced　6.looking改为look

　　7．to改为for　8.returned 后加were

　　9．stable前加a　10.had 后加been