【加练半小时】2017届高考英语一轮复习训练：第67练（含解析）

　　单词识记：

　　American　 　actress 　 director　 　musician

　　ancestor

　　counter

　　Egyptian

　　keeper

　　servant

　　trainer

　　calculator

　　best­seller

　　novelist

　　pianist

　　librarian

　　discussion

　　imagination

　　satisfaction

　　explosion

　　handful

　　短语扫描：

　　make/take a decision做决定

　　in appearance看起来；外貌上

　　satisfy sb.’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心

　　under discussion正在讨论

　　to sb.’s satisfaction令某人满意的是

　　with all one’s strength使出全身力气

　　a population explosion人口激增

　　be in the majority占大多数

　　make a selection作出选择

　　an economic recovery经济复苏

　　[跟踪训练]

　　在空格处填入适当的词(1个单词)或所给词的正确形式

　　1．I wouldn’t advise you to go against the

　　(direct)．

　　2．

　　(Egyptian) has one of the longest histories of any modern country.

　　3．How long may I

　　(keeper) this book?

　　4．He held out a

　　(hand) of sweets，then put them into her bag.

　　5．His father is the

　　(library) of our school library.

　　6．The car is not bad

　　appearance.

　　7．He told us whether having a picnic was still

　　discussion.

　　8．

　　his parents’ satisfaction，he was admitted to a key university.

　　9．If we are lucky enough to be

　　the majority，it is going to be real different.

　　10．He was putting up the box

　　all his strength.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　How does a sunset work？We love to look at one，but Jolanda Blackwell wanted her eighth­graders to really think about it and question.

　　So Blackwell had her students watch a video of a sunset as part of a physics lesson on motion.“I asked them：‘So what’s moving？And why？’” Blackwell says.Some thought the sun was moving；others knew that a sunset is the result of the Earth spinning around on its axis.“Usually，my biggest challenge is trying to keep them patient，” she says.“They just have so many burning questions.”

　　“Every day，we meet new information，” says Charan Ranganath，a psychologist.Ranganath was curious to know why we keep some information and forget other things.So he got 19 volunteers and asked them to review more than 100 questions.When the participants’ curiosity was aroused，the parts of their brains that regulate pleasure and reward lit up.Curious minds also showed increased activity in the brain，which is involved in the creation of memories.

　　“Curious brains are better at learning not only about the subject at hand but also dull information.This is a phenomenon teachers can use in the classroom.”says Evie Malaia，a professor.“Say a kid wants to be an astronaut，” she says.“Well，how do you link that goal with learning multiplication tables(乘法表)？” “A teacher may choose to ask her class an interesting problem that involves space exploration，”Malaia says.Students may remember the answer to the problem，but they’ll also remember how they found the answer through multiplication.

　　What Ranganath wants to know most is why some people seem naturally more curious than others.Lots of factors，including stress，aging and certain drugs can affect dopamine(多巴胺) processing in the brain.“If we could figure these things out，we could help those who may just seem bored，” Ranganath says.

　　Blackwell says she doesn’t have to deal with that problem

　　too often.She says her students love exploring the mysterious unknowns in science：What happens when a car crashes？How do rainbows work?

　　“I tell my kids there’s no dumb questions，” Blackwell says.“That’s science：asking questions and seeking answers.”

　　1．What challenge did Blackwell have in class?

　　A．The students were often burnt by accident.

　　B．The students were asking too many questions.

　　C．The students couldn’t concentrate in her class.

　　D．The students couldn’t answer questions gently.

　　2．If we are curious，we

　　.

　　A．will desire to be rewarded

　　B．may forget undesirable things more easily

　　C．may memorize something better

　　D．will have more energy to do outdoor activities

　　3．Malaia gave the example of a kid in Paragraph 4 to prove

　　.

　　A．multiplication tables are difficult to learn

　　B．math is the basis knowledge for space exploration

　　C．becoming an astronaut is a dream of many kids

　　D．curiosity also helps us learn boring things

　　4．What do the underlined words “that problem” refer to?

　　A．Students get bored with learning.

　　B．Students ask too many foolish questions.

　　C．Students want to explore the mysteries of science.

　　D．Students take drugs to produce dopamine.

　　B

　　A poor set of curtains may not just mean you wake up too early—they could also make you fat.Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of piling on the pounds，a study shows.

　　Greater exposure to light at night raised both body mass index and waist size in more than 113,000 women taking part in the British study.The study followed the women for 40 years to identify root causes of breast cancer.Obesity is a known risk factor for the disease.

　　?The associations we saw in our study between light exposure at night and obesity are very interesting.We cannot yet tell at this stage what the reason for the associations is，but the results open up an interesting direction for research，”said Prof.Anthony Swerdlow，from the Institute of Cancer Research.“One possible explanation is that the light is interrupting the body clock，which stems from our evolutionary past(进化历程)．We were active when it was light in the day and restful when it was dark at night.”

　　Other research has found the effect of night­time lighting on the body may contribute to unhappy feelings.But it’s too early to suggest that sleeping in the dark will help prevent obesity，a known risk factor for breast cancer.The findings are reported in the American Journal of Epidemiology.

　　Previous research has drawn similar conclusions.A team at Ohio State University examined how night­time light affects weight，body fat and glucose intolerance(葡萄糖过敏) in mice.They found that continuing exposure to even a little night­time light caused increases in all three aspects.

　　Light changes mood，physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24­hour cycle.Artificial light is known to interrupt the body clock by delaying the production of the sleep hormone melatonin(睡眠荷尔蒙褪黑激素)．So there is no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker.

　　5．What does the underlined part “piling on the pounds” in the first paragraph mean?

　　A．Putting pounds into a pile.

　　B．Filling in with pounds.

　　C．Making a lot of money.

　　D．Gaining body weight.

　　6．From the passage，we know that

　　.

　　A．sleeping in the dark must help prevent obesity

　　B．lighting on the body at night makes people happy

　　C．night­time light may affect human beings and mice

　　D．it is easy for women to become fat and have cancer

　　7．The most possible cause of the interruption of body clock is

　　.

　　A．the sleep hormone melatonin

　　B．unhappy feelings

　　C．man­made light at night

　　D．glucose intolerance

　　8．The passage is mainly about

　　.

　　A．evolutionary past of man

　　B．obesity and breast cancer

　　C．different research and conclusions

　　D．negative effects of night­time light

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　9

　　Safety in the highway is not totally out of our hands.Here are four ways we can protect ourselves when we travel.

　　10

　　People in small cars are injured more often and more severely than people traveling in large cars.Factories of small cars are strengthening their products’ safety，which helps.But the mix of large cars and small cars on the road is the main reason of the problem.

　　Being thrown into glass and metal car parts，or being thrown from the car can really hurt or even kill you.

　　11

　　The safety belt’s main purpose is to pull you back if your car has a sudden crash with another vehicle or object，or if it rolls over.A belt can reduce the chance of deadly injury by 45% and the chance of serious injury by 50%.

　　Air bags are important.More than half of all new cars sold have air bags.Air bags provide protection in frontal crashes—the type of crash that kills the most drivers—when they are also wearing safety belts.Most people are demanding air bags in the cars they buy.

　　12

　　Effective as they are，they can’t take the place of safety belts.

　　Drunk driving crashes are less likely to happen if you don’t drink.

　　13

　　Many people have realized that drunk driving can lead to death and injury，prison time and other results.There are movements to strengthen penalties (处罚) for drinking and driving.

　　A．How to Drive Safely

　　B．You are safer in a large car.

　　C．How to Protect Ourselves in the Highway

　　D．Air bags are not installed in all cars.

　　E．That’s why safety belts should be worn.

　　F．Drunk driving is the most serious problem.

　　G．But the protection provided by air bags is limited in side or rear crashes.

　　加练半小时　英语答案精析

　　第67练　名词后缀(一)

　　高考高频单词与短语识记排查

　　1．director　2.Egypt　3.keep　4.handful　5.librarian

　　6．in　7.under　8.To　9.in　10.with

　　阅读能力专练

　　Ⅰ.1.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“‘Usually，my biggest challenge is trying to keep them patient，’she says.‘They just have so many burning questions.’”可知学生们经常问太多的问题，这对于Blackwell来说是个挑战。]

　　2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“When the participants’ curiosity was aroused，the parts of their brains that regulate pleasure and reward lit up.Curious minds also showed increased activity in the brain，which is involved in the creation of memories.”可知选C。]

　　3．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Curious brains are better at learning not only about the subject at hand but also dull information.This is a phenomenon teachers can use in the classroom.”可推知，举这个例子的目的是证明好奇心还可以帮助我们学习一些枯燥的知识。]

　　4．A　[代词指代题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“If we could figure these things out，we could help those who may just seem bored”可知，that problem指代上文的seem bored，故选A。]

　　5．D　[词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句“...they could also make you fat.”可知，piling on the pounds与make you fat意思相近，故选D。]

　　6．C　[细节理解题。全文都在讲述夜间光线可能对人类的影响，第五段讲述老鼠也可能受到夜间光线的影响，故选C。]

　　7．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One possible explanation is that the light is interrupting the body clock”及最后一段第二句“Artificial light is known to interrupt the body clock...”可知，人体生物钟被打乱的最可能的原因是人造光线，故选C。]

　　8．D　[主旨大意题。根据文章首段可知，本文主要介绍夜间光线给人体带来的一些负面影响。故选D。]

　　Ⅱ.9.C　10.B　11.E　12.G　13.F