【师说】2017届高考英语二轮复习强化训练：17语法填空4（含解析）

　　强化训练17　语法填空(三)

　　(45分钟，100分)

　　A

　　A triathlon (三项全能运动) is a sports event which combines three sports, __1__ (typical) running, biking, and swimming. During a triathlon, athletes finish all three sports without stopping __2__ (beat) the clock. People of all ages and sizes can compete in triathlons. But much like other sports events, a lot of professional __3__ (compete) rule the triathlon world. In addition, many triathlons __4__ (hold) to benefit charity, much like marathons.

　　The modern triathlon appeared in California in __5__ 1970s. It usually begins with the swimming, __6__ (follow) by cycling, and finally running. A triathlon tests the endurance (忍耐力) and speed of an athlete, as well as his or her ability to keep energy and focus __7__ the race as a whole. A

　　triathlon competes against a clock, rather than against other athletes. A variation of the triathlon is a relay triathlon, __8__ a different athlete completes each stage.

　　The swimming stage takes place in a lake or the open ocean. As soon as athletes come out from the water, they change into cycling at the __9__ (fast) speed to save time. After cycling, the athletes change shoes to run. The course is considered complete once the athletes __10__ (cross) the finish line.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了三项全能运动是怎样的一项运动。

　　1．解析：考查副词。三项全能运动是一种包含三项运动的体育比赛，通常是赛跑、骑自行车和游泳。修饰动词应用副词typically“通常”。

　　答案：typically

　　2．解析：考查非谓语动词。在三项全能运动中，为提前完成任务，运动员需要毫不停歇地完成所有的三项运动。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。

　　答案：to beat

　　3．解析：考查名词。空处位于形容词professional后、谓语动词rule前，故要用名词。再根据句意“但是就像其他体育赛事一样，很多专业的参赛者掌控着三项全能运动领域”及前面的“a lot of”可知，此处要用表示人的名词competitor“参赛者”，且要用其复数形式。

　　答案：competitors

　　4．解析：考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的一般情况，要用一般现在时；此处，主语many triathlons与hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

　　答案：are held

　　5．解析：考查冠词。现代三项全能运动于20世纪70年代出现在加利福尼亚。表示“在……世纪……年代”时要用定冠词the，这是固定用法。

　　答案：the

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。它通常从游泳开始，接着是骑自行车，最后是赛跑。swimming与follow“跟随”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。

　　答案：followed

　　7．解析：考查介词。focus on是固定词组，意为“集中注意力或精力于……”。

　　答案：on

　　8．解析：考查定语从句。三项全能运动的一种变化形式是接力三项全能运动，在这个运动中不同的运动员完成各自的部分。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词是a relay triathlon，故填where。

　　答案：where

　　9．解析：考查形容词最高级。为了节省时间，运动员从水里一出来就以最快的速度改骑自行车。根据空前的“the”和空后的“to save time”可看出，此处要填fast的最高级形式。

　　答案：fastest

　　10．解析：考查时态。根据常识可知，选手要在冲过终点线之后才能算完成比赛。故此处要用现在完成时。

　　答案：have crossed

　　B

　　I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I

　　__1__

　　pay for it all.

　　As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind

　　__2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was

　　__3__

　　(collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store.

　　I really wanted to help,

　　__4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.

　　I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item(项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again

　　__5__

　　I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food­bank list under it. I smiled and

　　__6__

　　(decide) to trust my heart.

　　With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put

　　__7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times

　　__8__

　　(large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.

　　It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a

　　__9__

　　(child) hungry stomach.

　　__10__

　　(kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。一天，作者开车去当地的一家超市购物的过程中做了一件好事。

　　1．解析：考查情态动词。句意：我停好车，低头看了看我的清单，希望自己可以付得起。根据句意，此处表示“能够，可以”，且此处讲述过去的事情，故用情态动词can的过去式could。

　　答案：could　

　　2．解析：考查名词复数。句意：当我进门时，我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人。一个人有两只眼睛，且空前无冠词或所有格，故用eye的复数形式。

　　答案：eyes　

　　3．解析：考查时态。句意：他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集(食物)。根据空前的“was”和collect与主语he是主动关系可知，此处应用过去进行时，故填collecting。

　　答案：collecting　

　　4．解析：考查并列连词。句意：我真的想帮忙，但是不确定这次是否能做到。前后分句之间是转折关系，故用but“但是”。

　　答案：but　

　　5．解析：考查名词性从句。句意：当我低头看着满满的购物车时，我又一次不知道我是否有足够的钱来支付。wondered后是一个宾语执句，从句成分完整，此处表示“是否”，故用if/whether。

　　答案：if/whether　

　　6．解析：考查时态。句意：我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。and连接两个并列的谓语，故应填decided与smiled并列。

　　答案：decided　

　　7．解析：考查代词。put后的宾语指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice，故用出they的宾格形式them。

　　答案：them　

　　8．解析：考查比较级。句意：但是我这样做时，我感觉我的心是原来的六倍大。虽然句中没有than，但是根据语境可知，此处有比较的意味，倍数表达法中，三倍及以上用“基数词＋times＋比较级(＋than)”表示，故用larger。

　　答案：larger　

　　9．解析：考查名词所有格。句意：几美元就能帮助填满一个孩子饥饿的胃。空后是名词stomach，所给提示词是child，空前是不定冠词a，故此处应该用child的所有格形式。

　　答案：child's　

　　10．解析：考查名词。句意：善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活。空处作句子的主语，因此要用kind的名词形式kindness“善行”。

　　答案：Kindness　

　　C

　　As is known to us, the year 2016 has one extra day in it－February, 29th. This is because it's

　　__1__

　　we call “a leap year”. Every four years, the year has 366 days in

　　__2__ instead of 365.

　　It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England, the extra day wasn't

　　__3__

　　(legal) recognized. There is a well­known tradition in the UK

　　__4__

　　(associate) with February 29th, introduced many centuries ago.

　　Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose(求婚) to their boyfriends on this day. This all started back in the

　　__5__ (five) century, when a famous Irish saint made a

　　__6__ (complain)

　　that women had to wait too long for men to propose.

　　According to the legend,

　　Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February. This so­called tradition

　　__7__

　　(write)

　　in law in the thirteenth century.

　　Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year. It was said that if the men refused, they had to pay a fine!

　　Now in 2016, there are calls

　　__8__

　　February 29th to become a public holiday. Some people believe that it should be an

　　__9__

　　(office) day off, because no one gets

　　__10__ (many) payments for working an extra day in a leap year. For the moment though, the British still have to go to work on this day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文讲述了与闰年二月二十九日相关的事宜。

　　1．解析：考查表语从句。句意：这是因为今年是我们称之的“闰年”。表语从句中call缺少宾语，故用what。

　　答案：what　

　　2．解析：考查代词。本处代指the year，作介词in的宾语，故用人称代词的宾格形式it。

　　答案：it　

　　3．解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词legally。

　　答案：legally　

　　4．解析：考查非谓语动词。在英国有个有名的传统和二月二十九日有关。be associated with...“与……有联系，与……有关”。本处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。

　　答案：associated　

　　5．解析：考查序数词。in the fifth century“在五世纪”；定冠词the后加序数词。

　　答案：fifth　

　　6．解析：考查名词。不定冠词a后加名词。

　　答案：complaint　

　　7．解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这项所谓的传统在13世纪被写入法律。tradition与write为动宾关系，且tradition为单数，此处描述的是过去的情况，故填was written。

　　答案：was written　

　　8．解析：考查介词。(大家)呼吁2月29日为公众假日。call在此为名词，call for...表示“对于……的呼吁”。

　　答案：for　

　　9．解析：考查形容词。“官方的节假日”，应用形容词作定语修饰名词。

　　答案：official　

　　10．解析：考查比较级。因为没有人会因为多干这一天获得更多的报酬。根据语境可知，本处应用比较级。

　　答案：more　

　　D

　　Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home

　　__1__

　　so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the

　　__2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.

　　A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered

　　__3__

　　I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what

　　__4__

　　(inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations

　　__5__

　　(try)

　　their best to save

　　our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting

　　__6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that

　　__7__

　　(be) meaningful.

　　One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like

　　__8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true!

　　__9__

　　(actual) when it comes to saving our environment,

　　every small action counts. The

　　__10__

　　(tiny) thing is better than the greatest intention.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？

　　1．解析：考查介词。be home to意为“……的栖息地”，为固定搭配。

　　答案：to　

　　2．解析：考查词性转换。我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任，职责”。

　　答案：responsibility　

　　3．解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。

　　答案：how　

　　4．解析：考查时态。空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。

　　答案：inspired　

　　5．解析：考查非谓语动词。我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织。分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。

　　答案：trying　

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。创业后，我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此处是get done“被……”结构，故填过去分词。

　　答案：invited　

　　7．解析：考查主谓一致和时态。that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。

　　答案：is　

　　8．解析：考查冠词。很多人觉得对任何事业的小小贡献都是杯水车薪，不会有什么影响。这里表示泛指，且contribution是可数名词，故用a。注意：feel like后面是一个省略了引导词的从句。

　　答案：a　

　　9．解析：考查副词。但那是错误的！事实上，谈到拯救环境，每一个小小的行为都很重要。空处作状语修饰整个句子，故要用副词。actually“事实上”。

　　答案：Actually　

　　10．解析：考查形容词最高级。本空难度较大，很多考生不知道此处应该怎么填，但是根据空前的“The”和句意“最微小的事情也比最伟大的打算好”，空处要填最高级跟后面的“the greatest”形成对比。

　　答案：tiniest　

　　E

　　Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

　　This dog is very

　　__1__

　　(access) and likes getting close to everyone it meets.

　　This kind of dog is so cute that even though it might have never seen you

　　__2__， if it sees you sitting down and looking lovely, it will jump onto your lap and show you

　　__3__

　　(kind). These dogs are not the right choice if you are looking for a watchdog, but if you want an honest companion, you need look no

　　__4__

　　(far). If you accept them as a part of your family, they will provide you with love and affection.

　　But besides being loving, they are also very playful and like chasing other small animals, so

　　__5__ (keep) them on a chain when going for a walk would be a smart thing to do. If their personality doesn't make your heart

　　__6__

　　(melt), their beautiful eyes

　　__7__， and when you see the warmth in them you will feel the urge to pet them－and that is exactly

　　__8__ they want. This dog is a long­term commitment, and your life could

　　__9__

　　(enrich) by its company if you are ready

　　__10__ that.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了骑士查理王犬的个性及特征。

　　1．解析：考查词性转换。系动词后接形容词作表语，accessible意为“易接近的”。

　　答案：accessible　

　　2．解析：考查副词。根据语境可知，此处指的是“即使它之前从未见过你”，故要用before, before与完成时连用。

　　答案：before　

　　3．解析：考查词性转换。show后接双宾语，且you为间接宾语，故用名词kindness作直接宾语。

　　答案：kindness　

　　4．解析：考查比较级。由语境可知，此处指“你不需要再找了”，应用副词比较级。

　　答案：further/farther　

　　5．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词作主语，故用keeping。

　　答案：keeping　

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，heart与melt之间是主动关系，故用省略to的不定式作宾补。注意：melt表示“态度软下来，变得温和有同情心”时，是不及物动词。

　　答案：melt　

　　7．解析：考查时态。if引导的条件状语从句用了一般现在时表将来，故主句用一般将来时，注意：will后的make your heart melt承前省略。

　　答案：will　

　　8．解析：考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故用what。

　　答案：what　

　　9．解析：考查动词的被动语态。句子的主语your life与enrich之间为被动关系，再根据could可知，该空填be enriched。

　　答案：be enriched　

　　10．解析：考查介词。此处是be ready for“为……做好准备”的搭配，故填介词for。

　　答案：for　

　　F

　　Love, wealth and opportunities－parents today do

　　__1__

　　(they) best to leave possessions for their kids,

　　__2__ they are rich or poor. But Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and CEO of the social media giant Facebook,

　　has something

　　__3__

　　(large) in mind.

　　On Dec.1, Zuckerberg, 31, announced the birth of his first child and the start

　　__4__

　　the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative,

　　__5__

　　organization for helping people in need.

　　__6__ (make) the world a better place for their kids to grow up in, Zuckerberg said he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would give away 99 percent of their Facebook shares

　　__7__

　　now are worth about $ 45 billion (about 288 billion yuan) to good causes.

　　However, the shares will not be donated to the organization immediately, but over the course of the couple's lives.

　　The

　　__8__

　　(announce) was presented as a letter

　　__9__

　　(write) by the couple to their new baby girl, Max.

　　According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative

　　__10__

　　(help) to realize “human potential” and “equality for all children in the next generation”．

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【语篇解读】　很多父母都尽力给孩子留下财产，然而Facebook总裁竟捐出所持的Facebook的99%的股份做公益。

　　1．解析：考查人称代词。do one's best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，因此应使用形容词性物主代词their。

　　答案：their　

　　2．解析：考查连词。whether...or意为“无论……还是”，为固定短语。

　　答案：whether　

　　3．解析：考查形容词比较级。But的转折暗含此处表示与其他父母的比较，因此使用比较级。

　　答案：larger　

　　4．解析：考查介词。此处of短语作后置定语，the start of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative表示“扎克伯格－陈计划的启动”。

　　答案：of　

　　5．解析：考查冠词。此处为the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative的同位语，organization的读音以元音音素开头，因此填an。

　　答案：an　

　　6．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语，因此使用不定式。

　　答案：To make　

　　7．解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为“99 percent of their Facebook shares”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此填which/that。

　　答案：which/that　

　　8．解析：考查名词。此处为主语，由谓语动词was可知，应用单数名词作主语。

　　答案：announcement　

　　9．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为a letter的后置定语，因write与a letter构成动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作后置定语。

　　答案：written　

　　10．解析：考查时态。依据这封信，扎克伯格－陈计划将会帮助实现人类潜能以及下一代所有孩子的平等，应使用一般将来时。

　　答案：will help