2017届四川省青川县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解基础选练：4（含答案）

　　四川青川县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选练

　　【2017模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015·江苏)

　　In the United States alone，over 100 million cell­phones are thrown away each year.Cell­phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.

　　Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in so­called e­waste than in naturally occurring minerals.

　　Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.

　　Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100 times more，than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell­phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.

　　The U．S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production，distribution，and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result in greenhouse gas release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start—for instance，buying reusable products and recycling.

　　In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place?

　　Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television?

　　From the governments' point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax­payers back to the producers.

　　文章大意：文章主要讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。

　　1．By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that________.

　　A．the weight of e­goods is rather small

　　B．e­waste deserves to be made good use of

　　C．natural minerals contain more precious metals

　　D．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e­waste

　　答案：B　推断判断题。结合第二段第一句“Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.”可知，该段主要讲述电子设备中包含有很多贵重的金属；下文引用瑞士的研究进一步论证电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量比自然矿产中的高。由此可知，作者提及瑞士的研究旨在告诉我们电子垃圾应该得到很好的利用。故正确答案为B。

　　．The responsibility of e­waste treatment should be extended________.

　　A．from producers to governments

　　B．from governments to producers

　　C．from individuals to distributors

　　D．from distributors to governments

　　答案：B　细节理解题。结合文章最后一句“...a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax­payers back to the producers.”可知，电子垃圾的责任应该从政府延伸到生产者。故正确答案为B。

　　3．What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A．The increase in e­waste.

　　B．The creation of e­waste.

　　C．The seriousness of e­waste.

　　D．The management of e­waste.

　　答案：D　主旨大意题。本文从电子垃圾与日俱增这一现象出发，分析了电子垃圾治理的必要性，并对一些国家政府将电子垃圾治理的责任延伸到生产者这一考虑进行评述。由此可知，本文通篇是围绕着电子垃圾治理这一话题展开的。故正确答案为D。

　　阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Smoking is the worst thing you can do for your health. Fortunately, it’s never too late to get the benefits of quitting. If you’ve tried to quit before and failed, it’s time to make up your mind and try again.

　　Smoking is responsible for one of every five deaths. That includes 29% of all cancer deaths, 87% of all lung cancer deaths, and nearly 20% of all deaths are from cardiovascular disease. But long before smoking kills you, it ages you. You can see that smoking accelerates the drying and wrinkling of the skin. But there are fewer obvious effects as well. Indeed, smoking takes years away from your life. Nearly half of all chronic smokers die an average of 20 to 25 years before their time.

　　Besides an early death from cancer or heart disease, smoking can cause lung disorders. People who smoke over a pack a day have almost three times the risk of contracting pneumonia (肺炎) than that of non­smokers. By lowering levels of estrogen (雌性激素) in men and women, smoking speeds bone less. If a woman smokes a pack of cigarettes every day, she will enter menopause (更年期) with 5% to 10% less bone mass than a non­smoker.

　　The good news is that no matter what your age is or how long you’ve smoked, you’ll live longer if you quit today. The Coronary Artery Surgery Study examined nearly 2,000 long­term smokers over the age of 54. Those who quit had significantly lower death rates six years later than those who didn’t. Even the oldest ex­smokers had a higher survival rate.

　　Not only will you live longer if you quit, but you’ll feel better, breathe easier, and find that you have more energy. You’ll have fewer respiratory infections, headaches, and stomachaches. What’s more, you’ll save money. Your clothes and breath won’t smell unpleasant any longer. And your habit won’t annoy, or threaten the health of the people who live and work with you.

　　1．According to the passage, the percentage of deaths due to smoking is ________.

　　A．20%　B．25%

　　C．29%

　　D．87%

　　．All of the following methods are used in the passage EXCEPT ________.

　　A．giving examplesB．mentioning famous sayings

　　C．comparingD．listing numbers

　　3．What do we know from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study?

　　A．It examined about 2,000 smokers who all quit smoking finally.

　　B．Quitting smoking is easier said than done.

　　C．long­term smokers who quit smoking can live longer.

　　D．Quitting smoking has a bad effect on people’s health.

　　参考答案1—3、A

　　B

　　C

　　阅读理解。

　　Buying a house for most of the people is a once in a lifetime decision, which means people decide to do so only after coming across the ideal house. Surprisingly, eight in every 10 home buyers are unhappy with their houses.

　　A survey conducted by the Beijing Consumers' Association (BCA) recently shows about 80 percent of the 2,315 respondents in 23 residential complexes of Beijing are dissatisfied with the soaring house prices. They think the reasonable price in Beijing should be between 3,000 yuan and 7,000 yuan per square meter. The quality of the buildings, the surrounding environment and traffic and property management are the other factors that play a role in people's decision to buy a house.

　　The BCA has suggested strict sales regulations and contracts to ease house-owners' sufferings. It has urged the authorities to impose severe punishment on developers found violating building and other rules and joining hands with others to bid up property prices

　　About 41.2 percent of the respondents have complained that their houses have defective designs, while nearly 40 percent say the lighting and ventilation are far from satisfactory. The landscapes in the residential areas are a source of unhappiness for 43.2 percent of the respondents, and about one-third say they were "bluffed" into buying "third grade" houses. And more than half are not satisfied with the sport and entertainment facilities in their neighborhood. Property management in the buildings, 56.5 percent of the respondents say, is way below standard compared to the high fee charged by the complexes. A 60 percent of the consumers doubt the contents of developers' advertisements, with only 6.3 percent being satisfied.

　　Experts have suggested consumers gather thorough knowledge about a developer and their work before deciding to buy a house from it. They should check the day-light conditions and ventilation in different weather conditions in advance, if possible.

　　1. According to the passage, ___________ of the buyers are NOT content with their houses?

　　A. 80%

　　B. 60%

　　C. 56.5%

　　D. 41.2%

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “Surprisingly, eight in every 10 home buyers are unhappy with their houses.” 可知，答案为A。

　　2. Which is the best title of the passage?

　　A. Most home buyers are unhappy with their houses.

　　B. Buying a house is an impotant decision.

　　C. Thinking carefully before buying a house.

　　D. The enviroment is important when making a decision.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的标题。全文第一段最后一句话点题，80%的购房者对他们的房子不满意，后文围绕购房者对房子的哪些方面不满意而展开，最后一段给出专家的购房建议。故答案为A。

　　3. The meaning of the underlined word probably means ______.

　　A. fooled

　　B. cheated

　　C. asked

　　D. forced

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题考查词义推断题。结合划线部分的上下文 “The landscapes in the residential areas are a source of unhappiness for 43.2 percent of the respondents, and about one-third say they were ‘bluffed’ into buying ‘third grade’ houses.” ，可以推断，三分之一的人认为他们被欺骗买了 “三流”的房子，故答案为B。

　　4. If you want to buy a flat, according to the survey, you will consider the following EXCEPT _______.

　　A. property management

　　B. the surrounding enviroment

　　C. the quality of the buildings

　　D. the height of the building

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由文章第二段最后一句话 “The quality of the buildings, the surrounding environment and traffic and property management are the other factors that play a role in people's decision to buy a house.”可知，答案为D。

　　阅读理解-----A

　　The practice of swapping fashions has recently been attracting attention worldwide, particularly in Europe and the United States. This is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by providing a platform for people to exchange free of charge those fashion items in their closets that they don’t use anymore.

　　In London, fashion swap events sponsored by the credit card company VISA focus on the swapping of specific brands. Japan’s first major fashion swap event, “xChange,” was held in September 2007 in Tokyo. The xChange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.” Participants put tags on each of the items they bring and write their name and a bride episode about the items.

　　For example, a tag of a white jacket read, “This is a gift from a friend, but it’s just not my style.” On a tag attached to a pair of red shoes, a person wrote. “These don’t fit me anymore. I hope someone who loves red can use them.” Just as shoppers check price tags, some people check the episode tags before making a selection, imagining who used to wear the item. The episode tags make people aware of the human connection by exchanging goods.

　　Many

　　participants say things like, “I’m very lucky to get such lovely clothes for free,” and “I was happy to see someone try on and choose what I brought here.” Unwanted clothes for one person can be new and exciting for someone else. Besides, xChange achieves close to a 100-percent reuse rate by donating leftover clothes to companies that reuse or recycle secondhand clothing. Anything they cannot use, they then donate to developing countries or reuse them as rags.

　　Since 2007, the xChange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of Japan, always attracting many participants. This success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment.

　　1. What's the main purpose of the fashion exchange?

　　A. To attract people's attention.

　　B. To make good use of resources.

　　C. To get rid of unwanted clothes.

　　D. To try to avoid buying new clothes.

　　答案解析：答案为B。 本题为细节题。由第一段第二句话 “This is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by…”可知，答案为B。

　　2. What is special about "an episode tag"?

　　A. It provides personal information of the owner.

　　B. It is being attached by a price tag.

　　C. It gives details of a fashion item.

　　D. It includes brief information of the item and feelings of the owner.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为词义推测题。由第二段 “The xChange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.”可知，答案为D。

　　3. That the xChange event has achieved success is probably because ____.

　　A. it donates secondhand clothing to developing countries

　　B. it changes people's way of consuming

　　C. offers an example of enjoying fashion without damaging environment

　　D. it shows fashion is the best policy for women

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由最后一段 “This success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment.”可知，答案为C。

　　4. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

　　A. "Fashion Exchange" Concept Grows in Japan.

　　B. "xChange" Environment Meets the Fashion Industry.

　　C. The Global Rise of the Fashion Exchange.

　　D. Join in "xChange".

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为主旨大意题。由第二段 “Japan’s first major fashion swap event, ‘xChange,’ was held in September 2007 in Tokyo.” 可知，第一届Fashion Exchange2007年在日本东京举办，后文对其进行了介绍，最后一段呼应文章的中心 “Since 2007, the xChange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of Japan, always attracting many participants.”, 因此本文主要介绍Fashion Exchange在日本的盛行，尽管第一段提到Fashion Exchange在欧美受到了欢迎，但这仅仅是Fashion Exchange的影响，故最佳标题为A。

　　阅读理解

　　I don't think comic book "collector" really applies to me at all. I’m probably more of a comic book "appreciator". My interest has always been in what can be accomplished with the medium of "visual story-telling".

　　I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills. “The Mighty Thor" helped me develop an interest in old legends, and “Challengers of the Unknown" got me crazy about science fiction. The combination of words and pictures was a perfect springboard for my childhood imagination.

　　How does one learn to appreciate comic book art? There is a classic example that sheds quite a bit of light on the subject. Writer Scott Macloud just explains what makes a comic book stand out in his best selling book Understanding Comics. The book, first published in 1994, has been translated into 13 languages and is practically a bible for students studying graphic illustration (图示说明)

　　in novels.

　　On the internet there are some cool comic book sites to be found—hundreds and hundreds of them as a matter of fact. More than a few are dedicated to super heroes and the like. But there are some choice sites that I would visit, because they provide some great resources that discuss the comic book as an art form. Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.

　　I have a huge admiration for anyone who can produce comic stories that can make readers think, laugh and cry. Maybe make them dream.

　　Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children. Or better yet, search out some of the more “adult" tides and read it for yourself. You may find yourself enjoying what you see and read. You may even find yourself wanting more.

　　1. What does the author mainly intend to talk about in Paragraph 2?

　　A. Influence of comic books on reading in childhood.

　　B. Ways to improve one's reading skills.

　　C. Subjects of comic books.

　　D. Popularity of two comic books.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为段落大意题。细读第二段可知 “I'm not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills.”为本段的中心句，后面的内容都是对此进行了解释说明，故答案为A。

　　2. The underlined part "sheds quite a bit of light on" (Para．3)

　　means "____".

　　Adoes a basic research on

　　B. causes a fierce debate on

　　C. provides new information on

　　D. makes a quick survey on

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为语义推断题。结合划线部分的后面两句话可知，Writer Scott Macloud写了一本书，被翻译成13种语言，帮助学生理解漫画。划线部分的意思与C选项最接近。故答案为C。

　　3. If you want to know a few good writers of comic books, you will probably ____.

　　A. read Understanding Comics

　　B. visit www．rcharvey．corn

　　Cbuy some comic books

　　D. turn to comic story writers

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第四段最后一句话 “Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several artists and writers in the field.”可知，答案为B。

　　4. What does the author encourage people to do?

　　A. Develop an interest in old legends and science fiction.

　　B. Share a comic book with children.

　　C. Produce some comic stories.

　　D. Spend money and time appreciating comic books.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题考查作者的态度观点。由最后一段 “Check it out. Spend two dollars on a comic book and read it with your children.”可知，答案为D。