2017届四川省青川县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解基础选练：6（含答案）

　　四川青川县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选练

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·四川省绵阳市第三次诊断)

　　Chelyabinsk，Russia—A meteorite (陨石) moved quickly across the sky and exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2017，raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.

　　People heading

　　to work

　　in

　　Chelyabinsk

　　heard

　　what sounded like an explosion，saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave，according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1,500 km east of Moscow.

　　The fireball，travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian space agency Roscosmos，had blazed (熊熊燃烧) across the horizon，leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.

　　Car alarms went off，thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time.The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion，a very rare spectacle，also released a great explosive sound.

　　“I was driving to work.It was quite dark，but it suddenly became bright as if it were day，” said Viktor Prokofiev,36，a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Urals Mountains.“I felt like I was blinded by headlights.”

　　The meteorite，which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron，entered Earth’s atmosphere and broke apart 30 km­50 km above ground according to Russia’s

　　Academy of Sciences.

　　“The

　　energy

　　released

　　when

　　it

　　entered

　　the

　　Earth’s atmosphere was equal to a few kilotonnes，” the academy said，“the power of a small atomic weapon exploding.”

　　No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said

　　20,000 rescue and clean­up workers were sent to Urals Region after President Vladimir Putin

　　told Emergencies

　　Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.

　　The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured，at least 200 of them children，and most from broken pieces of glass.

　　1．What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?

　　A．It is a very huge ball made of

　　iron.

　　B．It quickly broke apart on the ground.

　　C．It exploded over Russia’s Urals Region.

　　D．It’s similar to an A­bomb in weight.．The underlined word “smashed” in Para.1 is closest in meaning to “________”．

　　A．brokeB．melted

　　C．swallowed D．cleared

　　．We can know from the passage that ________.

　　A．Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk

　　B．many houses were destroyed，with lots of people reported missing

　　C．Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare spectacle

　　D．the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks

　　4．Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?

　　A．“Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia

　　B．President Putin Orders Assistance

　　C．Meteorite Hits Russia,1,200 People Hurt

　　D．Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia

　　语篇解读　文章报道了陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸，导致1 200人受伤的事件。

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2017”以及倒数第二段中的“rescue and clean­up workers were sent to Urals Region”可知，陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸。

　　答案：　C

　　．解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people”以及第四段中的“thousands of windows were broken”可推知smashed与broke的意思最接近。

　　答案：　A

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time”可知D项正确。

　　答案：　D

　　．解析：　主旨大意题。第一段是本则资讯的主旨，C项既点明了事件主题“陨石袭击俄罗斯”，又报道了其后果“1 200人受伤”，所以选C项。

　　答案：　CThere’s an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just can’t get started.” People say. But it’s not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.

　　What you’re seeking is not physical energy. It’s emotional energy. Yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations (义务). We encounter (遭遇) emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue (疲劳), a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.

　　And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nevertheless faced life with optimism and vigor (活力). Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite

　　an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, which is finite (有限的) and diminishes (减少) with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can’t simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work.

　　1. Do something new.

　　Very little that’s new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: It’s like a tire(轮胎) with a slow leak（漏）. You don’t notice it at first, but eventually you’ll get a flat. It’s up to you to plug the leak—even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. That’s where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline—a group of women friends who meet

　　regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a

　　short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Here’s a challenge: If it’s something you wouldn’t ordinarily do, do it. Try

　　a dish you’ve never eaten. Listen to music you’d ordinarily tune out. You’ll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.

　　2. Reclaim life’s meaning.

　　So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale (厌倦的). The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something.” she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.” Ivy’s solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning.

　　3. Put yourself in the fun zone.

　　Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived（缺乏的）. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients（客户）. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,” she says. “It’s a challenge—and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.” We all define fun differently, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly

　　4. Bid farewell （告别）to guilt and regret.

　　Everyone’s past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they can’t merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened in the past, nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.

　　5. Make up your mind]

　　Say you’ve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish—or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you can’t decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don’t look back.

　　6. Give to get.

　　Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy with the latter. You have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it. Start by asking everyone you meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, and then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you don’t smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, you’re sucking energy out of your relationship. Finally, help another person—and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage to someone you love, or cook her dinner, then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what you’d do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. After all, if it’s true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what’s circulating around you is the good stuff?

　　1. Laura Hillenbrand is an example quoted to show how ________ in life.

　　A. physical energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess

　　B. emotional energy can contribute to one’s success

　　C. physical energy can contribute to one’s success

　　D. emotional energy can contribute to one’s unsuccess

　　2. The author believes emotional energy is ________.

　　A. inherited and genetically determined

　　B. related to inherited and genes

　　C. not inherited and genetically determined

　　D. related to inherited and upbringing

　　3. Even small changes people make in their lives ________ their emotional energy.

　　A. cannot help control

　　B. cannot help increase

　　C. can help control

　　D. can help increase

　　4. Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to ________.

　　A. help herself

　　B. teach herself

　　C. teach poor children

　　D. help poor children

　　5. The real-estate broker the author knows enjoyed ________.

　　A. redecorating the houses

　　B. mentally redecorating the houses

　　C. the same day-to-day work

　　D. defining fun differently

　　【参考答案】1—5、BCDDB

　　阅读理解

　　Recognized as the largest desert in the world, the Sahara runs across North Africa, Covering over 3 million square miles from the Atlantic Coast to the Nile River Valley. Except for an occasional oasis(绿洲), this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains. The burning sun causes daytime temperatures to rise to 70 degrees in the shade, and days without rain commonly last for years.

　　Paintings found on the walls of caves in the Sahara Desert suggest that a few thousand years ago, large quantities of plants grew there and covered the desert floor. Many curious and unusual insects, birds and animals got enough food that allowed them to grow and reproduce. At that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities(社团，社区) where a large number of people lived.

　　Research scientists believe that the land became a desert for several reasons. For centuries people there have wandered from place to place in search of food, water and grazing(吃草)land for their animals. These people have always considered the number of animals they have as a sign of wealth. It is considered more important to have 100 sick and starving animals than 15 healthy ones. The large herds(群)have been allowed to go freely and graze on desert plants and grass. Over time, large sections of land have been left uncovered. In addition to allowing overgrazing, these people cut down whatever trees they could find and used them for firewood. The sand was unable to hold on to the great heat of the day, so nightting temperatures often drop below freezing and nothing was left to hold the soil together.

　　Scientists have been studying different ways to bring back the green desert. Through research and experiments, they hope to be able to produce plants that will once again support the life there. Huge holes filled with much water lie under the desert surface. Scientists believe this rainwater simply flew down through the sand over hundreds of years and collected in the big, rocky holding tanks. By making use of the sun’s power, scientists in the Sahara have made experiments in which they got huge amount of electricity. This electricity was then used to operate drilling machines and pumps to pull the rainwater from the underground tanks. By drilling the hole one mile deep into the floor of the desert, one machine was able to recover more than 80 gallons of ice—cold water each second, or 288,000 gallons per hour.

　　Scientists have had some success turning this wasteland into useful farmland. Today the desert is dotted with huge wheat fields watered by a system of pipes that carry water from the underground tanks. Farmers have also learnt that plants grow better if seeds are planted next to stones. Studies show that stones provide protection from the sun, allowing seeds to grow in a shady and cool environment. In addition to that, greenhouses have been built to protect plants from the sunshine so that less water is needed. Another idea is to grow plants that can live on a diet of salt water, since the ocean is so near to the desert.

　　1. What will probably happen if the local people continue their customs and traditions?

　　A. The desert will continue to be enlarged.

　　B. Tourists will begin traveling to North Africa.

　　C. More oases will begin to appear across the desert.

　　D. The number of healthy animals will become larger.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合前三段可知，撒哈拉沙漠原本是绿洲，后由于人类过度放牧（overgrazing）、滥砍乱伐（these people cut down whatever trees they could find ）导致了沙漠的形成和扩大，因此可以推断，如果当地人继续沿袭他们的老传统，会导致沙漠继续扩大。故答案为A。

　　2. Which of the flowing statements is a fact presented in the passage?

　　A. The desert is rich in beautiful color and scenery.

　　B. Camels can go for days without drinking any water.

　　C. The Sahara will one day become a beautiful garden.

　　D. Large river systems once supported many communities.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。考生需看清题意，要求选择与原文符合的事实。由第二段最后一句话 “At that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities where a large number of people lived.”可知，答案为D。

　　由第一段 “Except for an occasional oasis, this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains.”可知，A选项错误；B选项未提及；C选项也不是事实。故答案为D。

　　3. The author of the passage provides evidences (证据)that scientists are

　　.

　　A. pleased by the progress but do not have the money to continue

　　B. discouraged by the poor results of their experiments

　　C. hopeful about the chances of life coming back to the desert

　　D. troubled by the lack of water found underground

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由最后两段可知，科学家一直在研究让沙漠变绿洲的办法，并且已经付诸实践，取得了一定的成效，故可推断，科学家满怀希望想使撒哈拉沙漠恢复生机。故答案为C。

　　4. Which of the following is the best summary of this passage?

　　A. Drilling machines help to water the desert floor and make plants and animals alive.

　　B．Scientists have been able to turn this large wasteland into a successful farming community.

　　C. So much soil has become sand that the desert will never be able to support life as it once did.

　　D. The desert no longer supports plenty of life, but researchers hope to change it with new scientific techniques.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为主旨大意题。本文揭示了撒哈拉沙漠形成的原因，重点是介绍科学家依靠科学技术试图让这片沙漠变成绿洲的方法。故答案为D。