2017届四川省梓潼县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练：7（含解析）

　　四川梓潼县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解演练

　　2016高考英语****阅读理解。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.

　　Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they'd rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.

　　Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.

　　"Everything went quiet in my head," Tim recalls (回忆). "I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line."

　　Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. "At one point, I considered turning back," he says. "I wondered if I was putting my life at risk." After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close enough to yell to the boys, "Take down the umbrella!"

　　Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, but the waves were almost too strong for him.

　　"Let's aim for the pier (码头)," Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. "Can you guys swim?" he cried. "A little bit," the boys said.

　　Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys' faces.

　　?Are we almost there?" they asked again and again. "Yes," Tim told them each time.

　　After 30minutes, they reached the pier.

　　1. Why did the two boys go to the sea?

　　A. To go boat rowing.

　　B. To swim in the open water.

　　C. To get back their football.

　　D. To test the umbrella as a sail.

　　2. What does "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A. The beach.

　　B. The wind.

　　C. The boat.

　　D. The water.

　　3. Why did Tim raise his head regularly?

　　A. To check his distance from the boys.

　　B. To consider turning back or not.

　　C. To take in enough fresh air.

　　D. To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.

　　4. How did the two boys finally reach the pier?

　　A. They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.

　　B. They swam to the pier all by themselves.

　　C. They were washed to the pier by the waves.

　　D. They were dragged to the pier by Tim.

　　参考答案1-4 CBAD

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don’t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have been banned long age; sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting. It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence. Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally – admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings. 1.It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is A.  not very high.                               B.  high. C.  contemptuous.                        D.  critical. 2.The main idea of this passage is A.  vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law. B.  people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence. C.  to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports. D.  people are bloodthirsty in sports. 3.That the author mentions the old Romans is A.  To compare the old Romans with today’s people. B.  to give an example. C.  to show human beings in the past know nothing better. D.  to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty. 4.How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage? A.  Three.            B.  Five. C.  Six.            D.  Seven. 5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is A.  that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves. B.  that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law. C.  that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system. D.  to show law is the main instrument of social change. Vocabulary  relish                从……获得乐处，享受  orgy            狂欢，放纵  arena             竞技场，活动或斗争的场所  blood-thirsty        残忍的，嗜血的  bear-baiting        逗熊游戏  bull-fight      斗牛  batter            猛击，连续地猛打/捶，乱打  pulp                 成纸浆，成软块  burst into flames      突然燃烧起来/着火  grim            令人窒息的，简陋的  coop up            把……关起来 难句译注 bear-baiting  逗熊游戏。这是一种十六、十七世纪流行于英国的游戏――驱狗去咬绑着的熊，很残忍，后被禁止。 …two men batter each other to pulp in the boxing ring.  【结构简析】batter one to pulp = beat one to a pulp 狠揍某人，打瘫某人  【参考译文】两个人在拳击场内彼此狠揍，知道一个人被打倒在地，爬不起来。 …unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.  【参考译文】眼见一辆或多辆赛车相互撞击，突然烧起来而无动于衷。 A world heavy weight championship match is front page news.  【参考译文】世界重量级冠军赛总是头版头条资讯。 写作方法与文章大意   作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人“欣赏暴力体育”，前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例，最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤，法律才能施以巨大的文明影响，否则人类很难改变。 答案详解 1.A.  不太高。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很少。人们以轻蔑的口气谈及可怜的古罗马人，因为他们欣赏竞技场上的屠杀。我们轻视他们，因为他们把这些屠杀视为娱乐。我们可以降阶/屈尊地谅解他们，因为他们生活在2000年前，显然，对好的东西不知道。在这里作者反问，我们的优越感是否正确呢？我们的嗜血性是不是少一些？为什么拳击比赛吸引那么许多人？在场的观赏者（观众）是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢？结论是：人类和过去一样残忍。唯一的不同点在于古罗马人很诚实，他们承认他们欣赏观看饥饿的狮子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我们会找出各种精辟的理由来保卫早该制止的运动。第二段举出具体例子，如斗牛、拳击中把人打瘫在地、车赛中，车子碰撞起火，人们就坐在那里观看欣赏，参赛者是为了高报酬，观众付出大笔钱财是为了看到暴力。作者指出任何体育精神的说法纯粹是虚伪。如果一场打比赛（世界重量级冠军赛），两轮而不是十五轮就告结束，成千上百万人们会感到失望――这些都证明人的卑下，不文明。这两段似乎也证明作者的观点应该是C项――蔑视的。但在第三段谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承认不怎么成功。可至少我们不再容忍疯人禁锢于笼中，当众鞭挞，以及其他许多过去普遍存在的野蛮行径。监狱也不再是过去那种令人窒息的禁锢之地，社会福利制度在全世界许多地方推行。在财富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。这些变化的出现不是因为人突然改善，而是在改变法律上采取了 积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。我们会认识暴力是人类的堕落和卑下（人类不应有的）。从这段来看，作者对人类还抱有希望，不是很蔑视。所以选A项。 2.A.   法律应禁止堕落而又危险的体育项目。见第一题注释。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，点出现代人也是嗜血成性，喜欢暴力体育项目。这是不文明，是堕落。必须制止，而法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，它可应用，发挥强大的文明影响（第三段倒数第三句） B. 人们愿意支付巨大款项来观看暴力。这是作者说明“嗜血成性”的具体内容之一。C. 对比对危险体育项目不同的态度。这里没有对比。D.人类嗜血成性。这是作者认为人们为什么欣赏危险残忍体育项目的根源。 3.D.  人们在体育上习惯于“嗜血成性”，过去是，现在仍然是，不同点只是前者坦直承认，后者婉转掩饰。见第一题注释。 A. 把古罗马人和现代人对比。这项没有说明对比什么。B. 给出一个例子。太抽象。C. 说明过去人类不太知道更美好的东西，这两项都没有到位。 4.B.  5个。作者提到⑴逗熊游戏；⑵斗牛；⑶车赛；⑷拳击；⑸人狮斗。至于当众鞭挞和绞刑不能称作体育活动。 5.A.  通过制止野蛮体育项目，我们能改善人类自身。这在第三段讲的最透彻，见第一题和第二题注释。 B. 通过制止野蛮体育活动，我们能改善法律，不完全对。作者明确指出要用法律来禁止野蛮体育项目。C. 我们必须采取积极步骤来改善社会福利体制。D. 去表明法律是社会变革的主要工具。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　When you’re an employee of a company, no matter the size, it’s common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department. But there is another way to move around—by creating a new position for yourself. I did this several years ago, though I wasn’t actively looking for a different job.

　　In 2007, I was hired at the Transamerica Life Insurance Company, as a customer service representative in the distributions services department. I processed requests for distributions from our annuity(养老金)policy holders around the country. Someone might have forgotten to sign a form, for example, or might have omitted security information. To solve the problem, I’d mail the person a letter.

　　The company had been through several combinations, so in our department alone we had a collection of about 140 templates(模板) for letters related to distributions. The longer I worked with the letters, the more I saw how they could be improved. Some had overlapping information and could be combined. Some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. I also noticed that industry terminology(专业术语) wasn’t standard across all the versions.

　　When I told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. She said I should stop what I’d been doing and start the new work. In a relatively short time, I was able to make numerous improvements and reduce the number of letters to 70. It was an informal job change until a managers’ meeting several months later.

　　At that meeting, a vice president who was unaware of my new work mentioned that the division’s entire stock of 1,700 letters should be reviewed. My manager told her that she knew the perfect person for the job—me. The position was still considered temporary when I took on the extra tasks, but I was able to show that the work had value, and I was officially promoted and given a raise in November 2009.

　　31. According to Paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true?

　　A .The author admired those who got a promotion in his company.

　　B. The author tried his best to get a promotion in his company

　　C. The author was eager to seek another job.

　　D. It is no surprise to see people around us change their positions.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据it’s common to see co-workers promoted, or transferred to a different department.可知看见我们周围的人们改变工作或职位是不奇怪的。故选D。

　　32. Which of the following problems with the letters is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Some information needed to be united.

　　B. Some information was overlooked.

　　C. Some had grammatical mistakes.

　　D. Industry terminology didn’t meet the standard.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据Some had overlapping information and could be combined. Some had incorrect grammar or needed updating. I also noticed that industry terminology() wasn’t standard across all the versions.一些信息需要统一，一些有语法错误，一些行业术语没有达到要求，只有选项B，没有提到，故选B。

　　33. The underlined word “revamping” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

　　.

　　A. improving

　　B.

　　rebuilding

　　C.

　　repeating

　　D.

　　strengthening

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据I was able to make numerous improvements这些信需要提高，故选A。

　　34.The author started to review the letters when

　　.

　　A. he was hired by the companyB. his department supervisor agreed his idea

　　C. he was recommended at a managers’ meeting

　　D. he was promoted

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据When I told my department supervisor about this in 2008, she agreed that the letters needed revamping. At that meeting, a vice president who was unaware of my new work mentioned that the division’s entire stock of 1,700 letters should be reviewed.他的部门监督同意了他的观点，故选B。

　　35. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Where there is will, there is a way.

　　B. Don’t let the chance go, when it comes.

　　C. Creating a position, and earning a promotion.

　　D. Ways to get a promotion.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】标题归纳题。根据短文的内容主要叙述了人们可以换一种职位而得到提升，故选C。