2017届湖北省黄冈市高考英语阅读理解二轮精练：17（含解析）

　　湖北黄冈市2017高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（17）及（解析）答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.

　　Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.

　　This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrgation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.

　　Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.

　　1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that　.　

　　A. much of the world’s water is available for use

　　B. people in high rainfall countries feel lucky

　　C. the costs of water redistribution should be considered

　　D. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world

　　2. Which of the following is true?

　　A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.

　　B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.

　　C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.

　　D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.

　　3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A. Steps to improving water use management.

　　B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.

　　C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.

　　D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.

　　4. The text is mainly about　.　

　　A. water supply and increasing population

　　B. water use management and agriculture

　　C. water redistribution and wildlife protection

　　D. water shortages and environmental protection

　　【参考答案】1-4 CCAB　

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns(打哈欠). Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired.

　　This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的) yawning, which showed that humans communicate regularly without words.

　　Hugo Critchley, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Critchley, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal(内部的) responses,” he explained. “There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there’s the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.”

　　Hugo Critchley further explained, “Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person, we even copy his behavior. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’re sitting—it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that we’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle(微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”

　　So, what lessons can we learn from this? “Spend time with happy people—otherwise your health could suffer,” said Critchley. “When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”

　　1. According to Hugo Critchley, 　.　

　　A. emotions are as visible as facial expressions

　　B. we yawn more frequently when we have a cold

　　C. emotions are connected with states of internal responses

　　D. the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions

　　2. The underlined word “synchronise” in Paragraph 4 means “　”.　

　　A. move slowlyB. change rapidly

　　C. relax temporarilyD. respond accordingly

　　3. From the passage we can learn　.　

　　A. sadness is as contagious as happiness

　　B. anger is less contagious than friendliness

　　C. surprise is more contagious than smile

　　D. surprise is the most contagious among emotions

　　4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A. Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.

　　B. Children like copying the actions of fellow humans.

　　C. Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning.

　　D. People tend to communicate more with body language.

　　【参考答案】1—4、CDBA

　　2016高考模拟题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　It was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently.

　　My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I ’m so glad I did.

　　On the road to the harbour we could see the terrible destruction on the coast, but the harbour itself was in fairly good shape. After all, it was protected by the arms of a bay that only one tiny channel to the sea. As we got on board, we noticed two big humps(里脊）in the distance.

　　On approaching them, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. We couldn’t believe it---there aren’t any whales along the coast here. The storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in which the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive.

　　The little baby whale--- actually as big as our boat-- was obviously stuck and could not move. The mother dived under the water and camp up suddenly, making big whirlpools(旋涡）and waves. “ she’s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,?my fatiher said. At this point , my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. With our several gentle pushes the big hump turned over and disappeared under water. Then it swam up right beside its mum. They struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction. We hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them towards the bay channel. Slowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breathe---and to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes. Once they hit their first part of clean water flowing straight from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the distance.

　　In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day. Nearly four decades later, I still look back fondly to that golden day at sea.

　　1. The author says “ I’m so glad I did”(in Para.2) because_________

　　A. he witnessed the whole process of fishing

　　B. he enjoyed the beauty of the calm sea

　　C. he spent the weekend with his family

　　D. he experienced the rescue of the whales

　　2. The harbour survived the storm owing to____________

　　A. the shape of the harbour

　　B. the arms of the bay

　　C. the still water in the channel

　　D. the long coast line

　　3. The mother whale failed to help her baby because___________

　　A. she had stayed in the polluted water for too long.

　　B. the whirlpools she had made were no big enough.

　　C. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction.

　　D. she had no other whales around to turn to for help

　　4. What is the theme of the story?

　　A. Fishing provides excitement for children.

　　B. It’s necessary to live in harmony with animals.

　　C. It’s vital to protect the environment.

　　D. Saving lives brings people a sense of happiness.

　　参考答案1-4 DBCD

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.

　　Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.

　　This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.

　　Harry Morrison, chief executive (主管) of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes:　“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”

　　Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions (排放). Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.

　　The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted (授予) the standard, they can use a logo (标识) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.

　　1. What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.

　　B. Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.

　　C. Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.

　　D. Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.

　　2. The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“”.　

　　A. affectB. changeC. disturbD. reject

　　3. According to Harry Morrison, businesses.　

　　A. will benefit from cutting carbon emissions

　　B. should buy carbon allowances for shoppers

　　C. are required to make up for their carbon emissions

　　D. have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere

　　4. We can learn from the passage that businesses will.　

　　A. have a strong desire to reduce costs

　　B. use the same logo in their marketing

　　C. gain advantages by taking early action

　　D. attract more shoppers by storing goods

　　【参考答案】1-4 DAAC