2017届湖北省黄冈市高考英语阅读理解二轮精练：38（含解析）

　　湖北黄冈市2017高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（38）及（解析）答案

　　阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In business, there's a speed difference：It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

　　In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three­year period.

　　How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower­quality products and services.

　　In our study, higher­performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.

　　Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.

　　提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。

　　1．What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

　　A．Increase the speed. B．Get an advantage.

　　C．Reach the limit.D．Set a goal.

　　答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。

　　．The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

　　A．spending more time and performing worse

　　B．spending more time and performing better

　　C．spending less time and performing worse

　　D．spending less time and performing better

　　答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选D。

　　. What can we learn from the text?

　　A．How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

　　B．How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

　　C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

　　D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

　　答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。

　　．Which could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Improve quality? Serve better.B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.

　　C．Reduce time? Move faster.D．Need speed? Slow down.

　　答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。

　　2016高考英语阅读理解集训阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。There's a great article in the New York Times this week about the tradition of buying a coffee for a stranger at the same time that you buy your own. They call it caffè sospeso, the name for "suspended (暂留的) coffee" in its birthplace. In some cafes, folks in need may claim a suspended coffee and drink it without cost.

　　No doubt the free coffee will be welcomed by people who love coffee but for one reason or another don't have the money to buy one. But I also like the opportunity it offers customers to become philanthropists (慈善家). Every time they order a coffee, they can give one to somebody in need.

　　This is a tradition that began some 100 years ago in Naples, Italy. In Naples, as reported by the Times, people love this kind of giving:

　　"To me, the philosophy of the suspended coffee is that you are happy today, and you give a coffee to the world, as a present." — Luigi Solito

　　"It's a simple act of generosity: an act in which donors and recipients (接受者) never meet each other. The donor doesn't show off and the recipient doesn't have to show gratitude." —Laura Cozzolino

　　"Coffee consumptions started earlier than the unification (统一) of Italy by more than 200 years, so the traditions around it are very ancient. In Naples, coffee is a world in itself, both culturally and socially." — Andrea Illy

　　The practice of buying suspended coffees has grown in popularity — with websites popping up and hundreds of cafes from Canada to Brazil to Hungary to the US offering the service.

　　1. Who are suspended coffees intended for?

　　A. Cafe goers.

　　B. People who can't afford a coffee.

　　B. Philanthropists.

　　D. Coffee lovers who live in Naples.

　　2. How can someone get a suspended coffee?

　　A. He can ask for one in any cafe.

　　B. He can apply for one on websites.

　　C. He can buy one in a cafe offering the service.

　　D. He can drink one in a cafe that has prepaid coffees.

　　3. What does Laura Cozzolino think of buying suspended coffees?

　　A. She thinks it is a great way of charity.

　　B. She thinks it is a cheap gift to strangers.

　　C. She thinks it is an ancient Italian custom.

　　D. She thinks it is spreading widely in the world.

　　4. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 are words of ______.

　　A. French

　　B. Old English

　　C. Italian

　　D. American English

　　参考答案1-4

　　BDAC

　　【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear. Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation. Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.” The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.” To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear. “We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said. “We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.” ．What is the finding of the study? A. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.　

　　B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat. C. Fear has something to do with one's health. D. One's heart affects how he feels fear. 2．The study was carried out by analyzing   ________.

　　A. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

　　B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions C. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain communication ．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in Paragraph 6? A. Order.  

　　B. Machine. C. System. 

　　D. Treatment. ．This study may contribute to    ________． A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety 　 B. treating anxiety and stress better　

　　C. finding the key to the heart－brain communication 　

　　D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads—4、DACB

　　【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Beijing Opera is also called Peking Opera. It came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupe(戏班) came to Beijing. Its music and singing came from Xipi and Er-huang in Anhui and Hubei. Its costtumes are all fascinating and artistic. It is the highest expression of the Chinese culture. It’s full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, and wonderful gestures and fighting. This kind of opera is very popular with Chinese people.      There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng ,Dan, Jing and Chou. Sheng is the leading male actor。For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter .A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is the comedy actor or clown. Dan is the female role. Jing，mostly male , is the face-painted role and Chou is the comedy actor or clown.

　　Stories in Beijing Opera are very interesting. Some of them are from the history book, but most of them are from the literature, especially famous novels. The people in the story usually have some disagreements. They become angry and unhappy. They are sad and lonely. Sometimes they are nervous and worried. Then they find a way to make peace. The stories usually end with happiness and laughter and people are all happy in the end. 1．Beijing Opera’s singing is from _______.

　　A. the literature and novels    

　　B. Beijing and Anhui

　　C. the history book       

　　D. Anhui and hubei ．The second paragraph (段落) of the reading is about the ______of Beijing Opera.

　　A. roles     

　　B. stories  

　　  C. gestures  

　　D. Paintings 3．From the reading, we know the Chou most probably has a(n) _____feature.

　　A. honest    

　　B. dull

　　C. funny     

　　  D. serious ．Which of the following statements is TURE?

　　A. There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.

　　B. Peking Opera is full of different gestures.

　　C. Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world.

　　D. The people in the story usually are in agreement.

　　参考答案1—4、DACB

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。One day the employees of a large company in St Louis, Missouri returned from their lunch break and were greeted with a sign on the front door. The sign said: “Yesterday the person who has been hindering (阻碍) your growth in this company passed away. We invite you to join the funeral (葬礼) in the room that has been prepared in the gym.”

　　At first everyone was sad to hear that one of their colleagues had died, but after

　　while they started getting curious about who this person might be.

　　The excitement grew as the employees arrived at the gym to pay their last respects. Everyone wondered: “Who is this person that was hindering my progress? Well, at least he's no longer here.”

　　One by one the employees got closer to the coffin (棺材) and when they looked inside it they became speechless. They stood over the coffin, shocked and in silence, as if someone had touched the deepest part of their soul.

　　There was a mirror inside the coffin. Everyone who looked inside it could see himself. There was also a sign next to the mirror that said: “There is only one person who can set limits to your growth: it is YOU.”

　　You are the only person who can revolutionize (彻底改变) your life. You are the only person who can influence your happiness, your realization and your success. You are the only person who can help yourself.

　　Your life does not change when your family changes, when your friends change, when your boss changes, and when your company changes.

　　Your life changes when you change, when you go beyond your limiting beliefs, when you realize that you are the only one responsible for your life.

　　1. The writer's purpose in writing the article is to tell us that ________.

　　A. the harder we work, the more successful we will become

　　B. our work and life are closely connected with others

　　C. changing our lives is down to ourselves

　　D. we will have a better future if people do not hinder our development

　　2. People were speechless when they looked inside the coffin because ________.

　　A. there was nothing but a mirror inside

　　B. they could see their own souls inside

　　C. their closest colleague lay inside

　　D. what was inside told a great truth

　　3. Who probably wrote the sign on the front door?

　　A. The company boss.

　　B. A worker who liked to make fun of others.

　　C. The director in charge of production.

　　D. A worker who wanted to teach others a lesson.

　　4. What can we conclude from the article?

　　A. The employees went to the gym to join the funeral.

　　B. The lesson the employees learned would influence them greatly.

　　C. The employees' lives depended on the attitude of their boss.

　　D. The employees got angry after the funeral.

　　【参考答案】1—4、C D A B

　　【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Let us suppose it is now about A.D. 2060. Let's make believe it is about 47 years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.  

　　Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of young and old.  

　　What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven't yet started to take on heir(继承) supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power. They may some day. But many foods now come in pill form, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.  

　　Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet's surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.  

　　Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.  

　　We are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know the causes and cure of disease and pain, and it is possible to get rid of diseases. No one has to be ill any more.      Such would be our life in 2060.

　　1．When was the passage written?

　　A. In about A.D. 2060

　　B. In about 1960

　　C. In about 2017

　　D. In about 2017

　　．According to the passage, what will be on the moon in about A.D. 2060?

　　A. Many other animals. B. Many tourists.    C. Many plants.    

　　D. A sea.

　　3．The passage tells us that in 2060, ________ on the earth than now. 

　　A. the crops are getting better   B. there are more pests C. there are fewer people   

　　D. there is less water

　　参考答案1—3、DBA