【金版教程】2017高考英语二轮复习训练：3-2-4 定语从句b（含解析）

　　建议用时：60分钟

　　.语法填空

　　A．单句语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　1．[2015·江苏四市一模]In 2017, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China ________ almost each person could benefit from in life.

　　答案：as　考查定语从句用法。根据句子结构可知空格后缺少“from”的宾语，且先行词由“such”修饰，故应填关系代词as。

　　2．[2015·安徽安庆一中四模]I'll never forget such a beautiful village ________ I spent my childhood there with my grandparents.

　　答案：because　考查状语从句。本题表面上考查定语从句，而细分析会发现从句中不缺少主语和宾语，也不缺少地点状语“there”，而空前名词也是表地点，因此不会考查定语从句，而是考查状语从句，根据前后句逻辑关系可知答案。

　　3．[2015·安徽六校联考二]The naughty boy hid himself behind the door, from ________ he could hear what we talked about clearly.

　　答案：where　考查定语从句用法。从句中不缺少主语，从from看后面缺少宾语，而根据语意我们可以看出，此空格表示“behind the door”的意思，故应填where。

　　4．[2015·北京东城区期末]Mr.Sawyer started his career at Stanfor University, ________ he became Professor of Physics in 2002.

　　答案：where　考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，其先行词表示地点，故填where。

　　5．[2015·北京海淀区期末]The glorious moment would live in my mind ________ our football team won the championship.

　　答案：when　考查定语从句用法。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且根据语意可知，先行词是“the moment”表示时间，故填关系副词when。

　　6．[2015·北京石景山区一模]Beijing successfully held the 2017 APEC meeting, ________ won high praise from the member countries.

　　答案：which　考查定语从句用法。从句中缺少主语，且先行词指的是上文中的整个句子，故填关系代词which。

　　7．[2015·广东惠州三模]One day the city mouse, ________ lived in a big house wrote a letter to the country mouse inviting him for a visit.

　　答案：who　考查定语从句用法。从句中缺少主语，先行词从表面上看表示物，而根据下文可知，此处已经拟人化，故应填who。

　　8．[2015·山西太原模拟]________ can be seen, the mask soon became popular around the area among older consumers, ________ led masks to be defined as a special symbol of Chinese Dama by many netizens.

　　答案：As; which　第一空处As can be seen为固定结构，意为“正如所看到的”，因此填As；第二空应代替前面整句话的内容，故填which。

　　9．[2015·福建厦门质检]On her birthday she received a present from her friend ________ which a note was attached, saying “Wish you happy and healthy！”

　　答案：to　考查定语从句的用法。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但which在空格后，可知，此处应该填介词，根据“be attached to”可知，此空填介词to。

　　10．[2015·四川雅安重点中学月考]—When did you see the sponsor, Madam?

　　—It was on the weekend ________ I was doing some shopping with my husband.

　　答案：when　考查定语从句的用法。从结构表面上看似乎考查强调句型，但句意表示的答非所问，故应该是定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填when。

　　B．语篇语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2015·黑龙江大庆质检二]Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I __1__ (live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap __2__ it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. People who visited me used to ask me __3__ I could sleep. “Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to __4__ much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy __5__. But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short __6__ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take __7__ look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops，so I could always find someone __8__(interest) to talk with. And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for __9__ (do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don't realize how ____10____ (fortune)we are, do we?

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　作者是一个穷困潦倒的画家，住在嘈杂的闹市区。难以继日时，Joe会施以援手，这让作者感到非常幸运。

　　1．lived　考查一般过去时。本文描述的是多年前的事，因此用一般过去时。

　　2．because　考查连词。“我”的公寓的房租很便宜，因为“我”住在最繁忙之一的街区里。

　　3．how　考查引导词。根据语境可知，此处表示“外边是繁忙的街区，那我是怎样睡着的？”。

　　4．so　考查固定结构。so much＋不可数名词“如此多的……”。

　　5．one　考查代词。“我”住的公寓在一个很吵闹的商店/酒吧上面。one代指商店或酒吧。

　　6．of　考查介词。be short of“缺少/短缺……”。

　　7．a　考查固定短语。take a look“看一看”，是固定结构。

　　8．interesting　考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我找到某个有趣的人去交谈”。

　　9．doing　考查非谓语动词。介词“for”后应跟动词­ing形式。

　　10．fortunate　考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此空应填其形容词形式。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　[2015·江西南昌调研测试]I felt very depressed the other day. The weather had been dark and rainy, and I just didn't feel so __1__.

　　As I was sitting at my desk, I __2__ it was the birthday of a dear long­time friend—a single, middle­aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loving her __3__.

　　Knowing that she didn't have family in town, I __4__ to give her a call. Sure enough, she was on her shift, __5__ to work late into the evening, and wouldn't have __6__ of a birthday this year. As always, though, she __7__ cheerful and was happy that I __8__.

　　After I hung up, I couldn't __9__ the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day. __10__ feeling a little depressed myself, I tried to put it out of my mind, but as the day passed, I couldn't shake the thought. I __11__ gave in, and set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons that evening. My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise __12__ me that I'd done the right thing, and they were a generous __13__ for the little effort it had taken.

　　When I got home, I realized that not only had I cheered up a __14__ friend on her birthday, but my own negative feelings had also disappeared. Making her day had __15__ my own! Isn't that the way it is __16__ we take the time and make the __17__ to do something for someone else? It's just like the saying，“Loving kindness is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him who __18__.”

　　Cheering up people on their birthdays isn't the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with __19__ to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a difference to __20__. And the wonderful thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too.

　　作者讲述了在自己心情不好的一天给一个从事护士职业的朋友过生日而得到的感悟：生活总是为我们提供机会，让我们多迈出一步或者做一件对别人有影响的善事。

　　1．A.special B．positive

　　C．nervous D．scared

　　答案：B　根据空格前的“I felt very depressed the other day.The weather had been dark and rainy”可知，“我”的心情不好，positive“乐观的”，符合语境。

　　2．A.explained B．complained

　　C．remembered D．informed

　　答案：C　当“我”坐在书桌前的时候，记起了一个朋友的生日。故选C项。

　　3．A.family B．training

　　C．work D．school

　　答案：C　根据空格前的“who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing”可知，她从事护士职业30年，说明她很喜欢自己的工作(work)。故选C项。

　　4．A.decided B．continued

　　C．agreed D．refused

　　答案：A　根据语境可知，此处用decided表示“我决定给她打个电话”。故选A项。

　　5．A.surprised B．disappointed

　　C．bored D．prepared

　　答案：D　根据前面的“Sure enough, she was on her shift”可知，这是她的当班时间，她准备工作到晚上。故选D项。

　　6．A.much B．many

　　C．little D．few

　　答案：A　此处表示“不会有太多的时间过生日”。many和few用来修饰或替代可数名词，故排除。little本身含有否定的意思，在此处可排除，故选much。

　　7．A.sounded B．looked

　　C．grew D．found

　　答案：A　“我”打电话给她，她听上去很高兴。故选A项。

　　8．A.admitted B．called

　　C．succeeded D．apologized

　　答案：B　参见上题解析。选B项。

　　9．A.experience B．imagine

　　C．shake D．understand

　　答案：C　此处表示“我没法去除这种感觉”，应用shake“去除，摆脱”。故选C项。

　　10．A.Almost B．Even

　　C．Never D．Still

　　答案：D　此处用“Still”表明作者仍然感到沮丧，与文章开头相呼应。故选D项。

　　11．A.luckily B．finally

　　C．unhappily D．hardly

　　答案：B　“我”的心情沮丧，“我”尽力去清理掉这种心情，但是经过一天的时间，还是没能摆脱，最终“我”屈服了。finally“最后，终于”，故选B项。

　　12．A.convinced B．advised

　　C．promised D．reminded

　　答案：A　根据空格前面的“My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise”和空格后面的“I'd done the right thing”可知，朋友的神情让“我”确信自己做对了。convince“使确信”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　13．A.response B．contribution

　　C．reward D．share

　　答案：C　她的笑容和惊喜使“我”确信“我”做对了，这也是对“我”慷慨的回报(reward)。故选C项。

　　14．A.careless B．lonely

　　C．weak D．curious

　　答案：B　由前文的“a single, middle­aged woman”和“she didn't have family in town”可知，作者的朋友是孤独的。故选B项。

　　15．A.troubled B．taken

　　C．wasted D．made

　　答案：D　让这位孤独的朋友快乐的同时，又扫除了作者的沮丧，所以说“Making her day had made my own”。故选D项。

　　16．A.when B．where

　　C．why D．how

　　答案：A　从句子的结构和语境看，此处应该用引导时间状语从句的连词，表示“当我们花费时间为别人努力做一些事情的时候”。故选A项。

　　17．A.suggestion B．money

　　C．effort D．call

　　答案：C　参见上题解析。make the effort to do sth.“努力做某事”。

　　18．A.tries B．receives

　　C．expects D．cares

　　答案：B　根据空格前的“gives”可知，应用receives与gives相对应。故选B项。

　　19．A.opportunities B．dreams

　　C．choices D．regrets

　　答案：A　生活总是为我们提供机会。opportunity“机会”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　20．A.someone B．something

　　C．everyone D．everything

　　答案：A　生活总是为我们提供机会，让我们多迈出一步或者做一件对他人产生影响的善事。故选A项。

　　.阅读理解

　　[2015·吉林长春质检二]When I asked my mother­in­law to select which meals she'd like me to order from the home­delivery menu, she only chose the ones her husband would like. This goes way beyond politeness. She is actually feeling uncomfortable voicing what she wants. She developed the main symptom of Asker's Syndrome that one's unable to ask for what one wants.

　　It's not just older women who have this problem. Asker's Syndrome can strike the young. I have single friends who won't ask a man out on a date because they fear being considered “too forward”. My five­year­old daughter Violet is showing the early stages of Asker's Syndrome. She's learned that women don't ask, but rather drop hints. She'll say，“Remember last Sunday afternoon we went to the park？” rather than “Can we go to the park？”

　　Apart from women and girls' problematic relationship with appetite， food and dating, it's widely reported that women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions.

　　Instead, they withdraw， hoping that somebody else will decide they are worthy and make them promoted.

　　No doubt, many women develop Asker's Syndrome as a defensive measure because they've been labeled as pushy or rude for simply asking for what they want. But in the long term， choosing not to express our desires doesn't serve us well.

　　It's time to cure ourselves and our girls of Asker's Syndrome. I don't want to raise a future “mother” who denies her wish for food, power and success and anything else. So I now insist that my daughter ask for what she wants directly.

　　For women in our culture, asking is a skill that we need to learn and practice. And if we all do it, then women asking will become the norm rather than the exception.

　　本文作者通过事例来告诉我们Asker's Syndrome的症状是什么，并且提出自己的看法，鼓励女士们勇于发表自己的观点，说出自己真正想要的。

　　1. The author's mother­in­law is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________.

　　A．introduce the old lady B．set an example

　　C．talk about her illness D．lead in a topic

　　答案：D　考查文章结构。本文讲的是Asker's Syndrome的症状是什么，文章一开始就通过“mother­in­law”在点菜的时候没有说出自己真正想要的菜的这个例子来引出话题。故选D项。

　　2．Which is TRUE about Asker's Syndrome according to the passage?

　　A．It often causes problems with appetite and food.

　　B．Older women develop more of its symptoms.

　　C．More women suffer from it than men in their career.

　　D．It strikes only female victims as reported.

　　答案：C　考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“it's widely reported that women are less likely than men to ask for pay rises and promotions”可知，女士与男士相比不太敢在加薪和升职方面提要求，即在事业方面更多的女士遭受Asker's Syndrome的折磨。故选C项。

　　3．The author holds the view that ________.

　　A．others decide whether we are worthy

　　B．choosing not to ask is a protective measure

　　C．asking for what is wanted is rude

　　D．Asker's Syndrome should be cured

　　答案：D　考查细节理解。根据第六段的第一句“It's time to cure ourselves and our girls of Asker's Syndrome”可知，作者认为Asker's Syndrome应该被改正。故选D项。

　　4．The passage is written to ________.

　　A．list symptoms of Asker's Syndrome

　　B．encourage women to express their desires

　　C．explain the causes of refusing to ask

　　D．suggest ways to ask for more

　　答案：B　考查写作目的。根据最后两段的内容可知，作者鼓励女士们直接说出她们真实想要的。故选B项。

　　1．select vt. 选择；选拔2.symptom n. 症状

　　3．appetite n. 胃口；食欲 4.withdraw vt. 撤回；脱瘾

　　5．promote vt./vi. 促进，晋升

　　1．apart from 除此之外(还)

　　2．ask for 想要/需要……

　　3．in the long term 在长期看来

　　原文：So I now insist that my daughter ask for what she wants directly.(insist的用法)

　　译文：所以现在我坚持让我的女儿直接要她想要的。

　　仿写：The boy insisted that he be_taken_to_watch the football match to be held next month in Beijing.

　　这个男孩坚决要求被带去看下个月在北京举行的足球比赛。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　[2015·河南洛阳统考二]During the travel back to my hometown, in the plane, I sat next to an old lady who looked very scary. She closed her eyes tight and grasped her red bag on her lap. I thought I might be nervous, so I planned to chat with her to make her to feel relaxed. We talk a lot about our families and experiences. When the flight over, I also helped her carry her luggages. She was so grateful about my help that she gave me the big hug when we were going to leave. On our way out，we waved goodbye. She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldn't see each other any long.

　　答案：

　　During the travel back to my hometown, in the plane, I sat next to an old lady who looked very . She closed her eyes tight and grasped her red bag on her lap. I thought

　　might be nervous, so I planned to chat with her to make her

　　feel relaxed. We

　　a lot about our families and experiences. When the flight

　　over, I also helped her carry her . She was so grateful

　　my help that she gave me

　　big hug when we were going to leave. On our way out, we waved goodbye. She kept on turning back to see me

　　we couldn't see each other any .

　　Ⅴ.书面表达

　　[2015·四川德阳四校联考]寒假中，你的父母和你谈起报考大学的事儿，请你结合他们的意见和自己的想法写一篇英语短文，投稿到某中学生英语报，和大家分享你的看法。要点如下：

　　1．选择什么样的大学或专业？

　　2．选择的理由？(两点)

　　3．最后一个学期的打算？

　　注意：1.词数：不少于120词；

　　2．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；

　　3．可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。

　　Dear Editor，

　　I'm writing to share my ideas about my future college or major.

　　___________________________________________________________

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　One possible version：

　　Dear_Editor，

　　I'm_writing_to_share_my_ideas_about_my_future_college_or_major.

　　The time is getting closer and closer when I have to make a decision on what kind of college to go. Combining my parents' advice with my opinion, I think it is a better choice to make foreign language as my major, such as English or German. The reason why I make such a choice is that I'm fond of foreign language very much. I always find foreign language an attraction to my curiosity. What's more, mastering one or two foreign languages will provide me more chance to travel or learn abroad, which accordingly will broaden my mind.

　　Therefore, I think I have no choice but to fight for the last battle to realize my dream. I'm determined to meet the possible hardship and challenge in the last term and make it.

　　Yours_sincerely，

　　Li_Hua