2016届河南省孟津县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练：7（含解析）

　　河南孟津县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（一）

　　（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：科普文　话题：科学世360　时间：8′

　　Several years after it was introduced to the world，the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.Even if available for the market，it would be too expensive for ordinary families.

　　It is much easier and cheaper to build a robot like Jibo，which uses simple movements and has the ability to interact with people through sound，pictures and touch.

　　Massachusetts

　　Institute

　　of

　　Technology researcher Cynthia Breazeal created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.

　　“Jibo as a robot is something that can move，with cameras that can move and see you and interact with you like a living thing，so to speak.It can bring satisfaction to life off the screen in an entirely new way，” explained Brezeal.

　　Jibo can remind you about appointments，take photos，entertain people and tell stories to children.It also has touch－sensitive(触感的) technology.

　　“People often communicate through touch，so they might pat Jibo if it does something that they

　　like and Jibo can actually learn from that，” said Breazeal.

　　Doctors at Amici di Nico Autism Center，in

　　Lecce，Italy，use a small talking robot to treat autistic

　　(孤独症) children.

　　11year-old

　　Marco

　　has

　　shown

　　great

　　improvement in focusing and communication since he started playing with the robot that carefully keeps track of the child's behavior，said engineer Giuseppe Palestra.

　　“We would like to be one step ahead of state of the art，so that we can make the human－robot

　　interaction better，” said Palestra.

　　Researchers say they want to develop robots that can be programmed for individual patients，because each child reacts differently to outside

　　information.

　　French researcher Pierre Lebeau's family robot

　　Keecker was designed as an entertainment robot that can follow its owner around.

　　“I came up with the idea of a computer with a

　　projector (投影仪) inside and a great sound system

　　and a camera，something that can move and go to

　　any room to give me a kind of TV－like experience，but anywhere I want without the cables(电缆)，”said

　　Lebeau.

　　Researchers

　　say

　　robots

　　intended

　　for

　　entertainment may soon be on the market with prices

　　ranging from about $500 to $5，000—still expensive for ordinary buyers.Medical robots are still in the experimental period but they too point to what we can expect from artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the near future.

　　【语篇解读】　民用机器人有望在不久的将来走入普通家庭。

　　1．Asimo hasn't come on the market mainly because it ________．

　　A．is too expensive

　　B．lacks too many functions

　　C．needs improvement

　　D．is actually not a success

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段“...the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.”可知，这个机器人仍处于实验阶段，由此可推知它还需要改进。]

　　2．What do you know about Jibo?

　　A．It was created for experiments.

　　B．It is the first family robot.

　　C．It is sold only within Japan.

　　D．It is equipped with a projector.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“...created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.”可知，机器人Jibo是为了实验而被制造出来的。]

　　3．According to researchers，medical robots ________．

　　A．have been put into use widely

　　B．should be more individual

　　C．still can' t interact with humans

　　D．should have some character of art

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容可知，研究者认为机器人应该被改进得更适合个体病人。]

　　4．Which robots could people probably buy on the market first?

　　A．Robots for treatment.

　　B．Robots made in Japan.

　　C．Robots as a waitress.

　　D．Robots for entertainment.

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers say robots intended for entertainment may soon be on the market...”可知，最先投放市场的有可能是用于娱乐的机器人。]

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解。

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user. By using Everyclick. com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK this week, students can raise money every time they search, but it won’t cost them a penny.

　　Research shows that students are enthusiastic about supporting charity, 88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This figure is high, considering this age group is often the least likely to have disposable(可支配的)income. 19% of 22 to 24 years old have short-term debts of more than ￡ 5，000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible.

　　Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate has used Everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the‘wugging’movement grow popular with students. “When you’re at university you become more socially aware, but it’s sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself.” says Beth. “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.”

　　Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but don’t feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.

　　Everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can identify which of the UK’s 170，000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick. com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. Launched in June 2005 Everyclick. com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.

　　1. According to the passage Everyclick. com contributes to charity________.

　　A. without taking any money from users

　　B. by receiving money from students

　　C. by directly offering information to students

　　D. by advertising on their website

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “…students can raise money every time they search, but it won’t cost them a penny.” 和第三段最后一句话 “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，Everyclick. Com对慈善事业作贡献不收取捐助人的费用，故答案为A。

　　2. How does Beth Truman think of the“wugging”movement?

　　A. It makes Everyclick. com popular in the UK.

　　B. It makes giving to charity easy.

　　C. It is a common way to promote the students’social awareness.

　　D. It stresses the importance of charity in people’s daily lives.

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第三段最后一句话 “…as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，答案为B。

　　3. From the passage, we can conclude that ________.

　　A. more full time students contribute to charity on the Internet every day

　　B. Everyclick. com helps students pay for the college education

　　C. “wugging”is a win-win idea for both students and charities

　　D. Everyclick.com is the most successful search engine in the UK

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.”可知，学生可以依靠该网站为慈善事业捐钱而不花费时间或金钱，慈善事业也可以得到珍贵的基金源，该网站为学生和慈善事业创造了双赢，故答案为C。

　　4. What would be the best title for this passage?

　　A. “Wugging”, A New Popular Term on the Internet

　　B. British People Show Strong Interest in Charities

　　C. More Britain Charities Benefit from the Internet

　　D. Students Raise Money for Charity by“Wugging”

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的标题。通读全文可知，“Wugging” 、“Students”和“Charity”是全文话题的三个主要要素，故标题为D选项，最能概括全文的大意。

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解。

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the use of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization（最佳化）compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Advocates of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format（格式）that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the related considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.

　　Since most important problems are multifaceted(多方面的)，there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year. A decision-making worksheet begins with a clear statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?”

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　A. A tool to assist in making complex decisions.

　　B. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.

　　C. Research on how people make decisions.

　　D. Difference between long-range and short-range decision-making.

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为主旨大意题。文章第一段开头就点出了讨论的话题 “Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, … involves the use of a decision worksheet.”，帮助做重要决定的决策工作表Of the following steps, which occurs before the three other steps in making a decision worksheet?

　　A. Listing the consequences of each solution.

　　B. Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.

　　C. Deciding which consequences are most important.

　　D. Writing down all possible solutions.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第一段 “Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.”可知，尽管决策工作表决策工作表 “Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, …” 可以推断，第一步就是定义问题并列举所有解答问题的方法，因此答案为D。

　　3. According to decision-making worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that ______.

　　A. has the fewest variables to consider

　　B. uses the most decision worksheets

　　C. has the most points assigned to it

　　D. is agreed to by the greatest number of people

　　答案解析：答案C。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “Advocates of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions.”和“The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.”两句话，可知最佳决策是得分最高的那个，因此答案为C。

　　4. The author develops the discussion in para. 1 by means of ______.

　　A. describing a process

　　B. classifying types of worksheets

　　C. providing historical background

　　D. explaining a theory

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合前面第2、3题的分析可知，作者在第一段开始介绍了决策工作表决策工作表B选项对决策工作表分类C选项提供历史背景D选项解释一种理论显然都不是作者的写作手法The author states that “On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once” in the last paragraph to explain that _______.

　　A. most decisions involve seven steps

　　B. human mental capacity has limitations

　　C. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions

　　D. people can keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意理解题。结合该句子的上下文 “One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships.” 可知，决策工作表决策工作表MUMBAI, India —The children in their party clothes on the stage were very excited when they received the award. And the two of them said, "It’s unbelievable!"

　　Nine-year-old Rubina Ali, and Azharuddin Ismail, 10, were living a very different life and apparently loving every minute of it. The two, some of the child stars of the Oscar-winning Slumdog Millionaire (《贫民窟的百万富翁》)movie, know the Indian slums very well. That was where they grew up, and it is where they will return at the end of their Hollywood dream trip.

　　But before going back home, there was an interview with the host, Ryan Seacrest. During the interview they smiled and repeated their disbelief at what was happening to them. To their surprise, their movie won the first place in the Oscars. When the two received the award, it was late morning in the children’s home city of Mumbai, where their family, friends and many fellow residents of the slums watched the results from Hollywood.

　　"I don’t really know what the Oscars are," Rubina’s mother said. "I’m just glad my daughter looks happy, though she told me she missed Indian food."

　　"Our children lead a dog’s life," Rubina’s mother said, pointing at the rubbish everywhere, the open drains (下水道) and the lack of education opportunities.

　　In a few days they will be back in Mumbai and back in the slums. Fortunately, according to media reports, the movie’s director, Danny Boyle, has promised to help the children he chose from the slums go to a proper school.

　　The two don’t need to worry about their daily lives because of the Oscar success of Slumdog Millionaire. But the poverty and lack of education opportunities —the central theme of the movie —is always all around.

　　1. Which of the following is true about the two children?

　　A. They played a major role in getting India children to receive education.

　　B. They were both excited about receiving the award.

　　C. They were interviewed after they went back home.

　　D. They were the only two child winners of the movie.

　　2. When the children attended the Oscar ceremony in Hollywood, their family and friends were _________.

　　A. watching TV in Mumbai

　　B. doing what they did as usual

　　C. seeing the movie Slumdog Millionaire

　　D. having a family party

　　3. What will happen to the two children after they return to India?

　　A. They will stay at home as before.

　　B. They will still worry about their daily lives.

　　C. They will leave school to learn acting.

　　D. They will have a better education.

　　4、 The movie is successful mainly because________.

　　A. it attracts the public attention to an existing social problem

　　B. it has made the two children famous

　　C. the two children will go to a better school

　　D. the two children stars in the movie are from India slums

　　【参考答案】1—4、BADA