2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：18（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（18）

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·长沙市二模，B)

　　These days, there are very few wild animals left

　　in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction.

　　Fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾)—Oh, well, actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too! But why?

　　Badgers are fascinating creatures.

　　The black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. They are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves.

　　The problem is that some badgers carry “Bovine Tuberculosis”(BTB), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis (M. Bovis) which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle.

　　For farmers, this is a serious issue. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6 000 cows were killed to control the disease. And in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. It's expensive too. Bovine TB costs the UK about ￡100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy ￡9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.

　　Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle.

　　So, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (杀戮). This will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease.

　　Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was

　　“great strength of feeling”

　　about it, but said, “I believe this is the right way forward.”

　　Of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too. Furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.

　　Most ordinary people are against the measure too. A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. However, this costs an average of ￡2 250 per year per square kilometer. Trapping and shooting badgers costs ￡2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．

　　So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks!

　　文章大意：本文是一篇资讯报道。在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。

　　1．Why does the government want to kill the badgers?

　　A．Because there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease.

　　B．Because badgers carry TB, a disease which can infect other animals.

　　C．Because they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.

　　D．Because it might be an effective way to fight TB at the least expense.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中第四句“The problem is that some badgers carry ‘Bovine Tuberculosis’ (BTB)．..”及倒数第二段最后一句“... shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗TB传播的有效办法。故答案选D。

　　2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Some people object to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers.

　　B．In the following four decades, ￡9 billion will be spent on TB.

　　C．Based on the survey, people of different age groups, regions and both genders are against

　　killing the badgers.

　　D．Caroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite people's strong reaction.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender.”可知，一项调查表明来自不同年龄、地区和性别的人，大多数都反对屠杀獾。故答案选C。

　　3．Who is strongly for killing the badgers according the passage?

　　A．The government.

　　B．Most ordinary people.

　　C．Conservationists.

　　D．Animal rights activists.

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府对屠杀獾是非常支持的，因为这样做的代价最低。故答案选A。

　　4．What is the author's attitude toward government's decision?

　　A．Supportive.

　　B．Critical.

　　C．Objective.

　　D．Unconcerned.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句中“actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too！”及最后一段“So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府不顾多数人的反对，只考虑钱的问题。从中可以看出，作者对政府的决定是持批评态度。故答案选B。

　　5．Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A．The Control of TB

　　B．The Voice of the Badgers

　　C．Badger Danger

　　D．The Threat of the Badgers

　　答案：C　标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了英国政府不顾人们的反对，已经决定杀死獾，从而使獾处于危险之中。因此，短文的最佳标题应是Badger Danger。故答案选C。

　　【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When I was 8 years old, I decided to run away from home after a quarrel with my mother. With my suitcase packed and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door.

　　My mom asked where I was going. “I’m leaving home,” I said.

　　“What’s that you’re carrying?” she asked.

　　“Some clothes and food,” I replied.

　　“If you want to run away, that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.”

　　I threw my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor and started for the door again.

　　“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “You didn’t have any clothes on when you arrived, and I want them back.”

　　This infuriated me. I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”

　　“Yes,” my mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”

　　I was so angry that I shut the door forcefully and stepped out of my home. Then I noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that I saw the big spruce (云杉) tree in our yard and jumped under the low-hanging branches. A pile of dried-up brown needles were beneath the tree, and you can’t imagine the pain those sharp needles caused to my body.

　　After I was sure the girls had passed by, I ran to the front door and knocked at it loudly.

　　“It’s Billy! Let me in!”

　　The voice behind the door answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.”

　　Looking behind me to see if anyone else was coming down the street, I said, “Mom! I’m sorry. I’m still your son. Let me in!”

　　The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she asked.

　　“What’s for supper?” I smiled back.

　　1. When the author was leaving home, his mother ordered him to _____.

　　A. stay at home

　　B. take some sandwiches

　　C. leave everything behind

　　D. check his suitcase carefully

　　2. Which of the following can best describe the author’s mom?

　　A. Selfish and proud.          

　　B. Strict but loving.

　　C. Kind and helpful.            

　　D. Wise but impatient.

　　3. The underlined word “infuriated” probably means “_____”.

　　A. surprised                              B. warned    

　　C. encouraged                    D. angered

　　4. Why did the author jump under the low-hanging branches?

　　A. To avoid being seen.

　　B. To find some needles.

　　C. To play a joke on the two girls.

　　D. To attract the two girls’ attention.

　　5. The last sentence “What’s for supper?” mainly shows that the author _____.

　　A. felt very hungry at that time

　　B. changed his plan to leave home

　　C. wished to eat something before leaving

　　D. wanted to know what his mother prepared for supper

　　 (家庭)       本文是记叙文。作者在八岁的时候，因为与母亲吵架萌生离家出走的想法，然而在他准备迈出家门的那一刻，却被母亲拦住了，因为母亲向他提出了一个条件……

　　1. C。细节理解题。根据文中的But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way可知，在作者要离家出走时，母亲让他把所有的东西都留下。

　　2. B。推理判断题。让离家出走的儿子脱掉所有的衣服，显示母亲的苛刻，但母亲又让吃尽苦头要求回家的儿子进家门，由此可知，母亲对儿子又充满了爱。故选B项。

　　3. D。词义猜测题。根据划线词后的I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”可知，脱去衣服、大声喊叫的作者十分生气。故infuriated在此处有“激怒”的意思。

　　4. A。细节理解题。根据文中的 ... noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that ... 可知，脱光了衣服的作者看到有人走过来，为了避免尴尬，跳到树丛中以免被人看到。

　　5. B。推理判断题。在树丛中受尽了苦头的作者，最后向母亲道歉，要求回家，他说“晚饭吃什么”暗含着他改变了离家出走的想法。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　After spending 13 years raising three boys, Stephanie Connolly wanted to get back into the workforce, but she was worried that her computer skills were obsolete. Not only was the long employment break a concern, but she had never used Microsoft Office programs. Her last employer had only used WordPerfect.

　　A year later, Connolly is so skilled in Word, Excel, and PowerPoint that she is helping others, and has just completed a fixed amount of work as a teaching assistant in a computer class. She's also on the job hunt, armed with a new resume (简历), interview skills, and the latest knowledge of how to conduct Internet job searches, fill out Web­based applications, and upload resumes.

　　“I can walk through the doors of the company and feel very confident. The course instructors have given that to me，” said Connolly, who owed her development to classes offered by the Harvard Allston Workforce Development Collaboration (HAWDC).The collaboration is part of a series of programs, and neighborhood improvements that began with an agreement reached between Harvard University and the city of Boston five years ago.

　　The agreement grew out of discussions

　　between the University and the city over the construction of Harvard's science Complex in Allston. Although the construction paused in 2009, the implementation (实施) of the non­construction­related aspects of the agreement has continued.

　　What has meant to the neighbors is the opening of the Harvard Allston Education Portal, a community­centered education facility that serves as Harvard's front door to the neighborhood and access to certain University programs and facilities. Information about the agreement's benefits to the community, as well as about Harvard's deep ties with Cambridge and Boston, is available on the new community­oriented Public Affairs website.

　　1.The underlined word “obsolete” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”.

　　A.out of reach

　　B.out of date

　　C.out of order

　　D.out of danger

　　2.Which of the following words can best describe Connolly's attitude to the HAWDC?

　　A.Critical.

　　B.Grateful.

　　C. Indifferent.

　　D.Neutral.

　　3.According to the passage, Harvard Allston Education Portal

　　________.

　　A.benefits people living in Boston

　　B.raises money from the local people

　　C.is merely accessible to college students

　　D.makes people concerned about the environment

　　4.In which part of Harvard University's website can we find this passage?

　　A.Multimedia.

　　B.Harvard Science.

　　C.Arts & Culture.

　　D.Campus & Community.

　　1．解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“she had never used Microsoft Office programs. Her last employer had only used WordPerfect.”可知，她担心她的计算机技能“过时”了。2．解析：选B　态度观点题。根据第三段中的“I can walk through the doors of the company and feel very confident. The course instructors have given that to me”可知，Connolly因为学习了该项目的课程，变得很自信，可推断她对这一协作项目心存感激。3．解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the Harvard Allston Education Portal, a community­centered education facility that serves as Harvard's front door to the neighborhood”可知，该项目使波士顿当地人受益。4．解析：选D　文章出处题。根据最后一段中的“a community­centered education facility that serves as Harvard's front door to the neighborhood”可知，本文最可能出现在哈佛大学网站中与社区有关的板块里。

　　Today, ultrasonic(超声的) waves are being put to work in laboratories and factories. If an ultrasound generator is placed in a liquid, the waves move the liquid back and forth hundreds of thousands of times each second. This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids. Paint manufacturers(制造商) use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors. The companies that make film for your camera find that mixing chemicals by the use of sound waves will produce a more sensitive film.

　　The new lightweight(轻量的) type of washing machine uses ultrasonic waves to get clothes clean. Its special ultrasound generator is put into a pail of soapy water containing the soiled clothes. The sound waves drive the soapy water back and forth through the cloth so fast that everything is soon clean. There is also a new kind of dishwasher that works in much the same way.

　　Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it. The liquid is actually torn apart by this action. Almost as soon as these holes are made, they fall together again. The result is a powerful pounding action. In the dairy industry this is used for the double purpose of making homogenized(使均匀，使匀质) milk and sterilizing(使无菌) it at the same time. If you look at some raw milk with a microscope, you find that it is made up of little drops of butter fat floating around in a watery liquid. In order to make milk easier to digest, these fat droplets(微粒) may be broken up by forcing the milk through very small openings. The result is called homogenized milk. When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces. (from www.nmet168.com)

　　1. Why does a paint manufacturer use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors?

　　A. Because it is cheap to use ultrasound to blend colors.

　　B. Because the waves move the liquid so quickly that it can make materials mix quickly or dissolve in liquids.

　　C. Because they can mix chemicals by the use of sound waves.

　　D. Because the waves can clean the paint.

　　2. What properties does ultrasound wave have?

　　A. Homogenizes and sterilizes the milk.

　　B. Mix materials and break droplets.

　　C. Kill germs and sterilize milk.

　　D. Move liquids quickly.

　　3. What exists in the raw milk?

　　A. Little drops of butter fat.

　　B. Small holes.

　　C. Fat droplets and germs.

　　D. Chemicals.

　　4. Where is ultrasound wave not used?

　　A. In the paint manufacture.

　　B. In the shop mixing bread flour.

　　C. In the film-making company.

　　D. In the dairy industry.

　　1. B 事实细节题。根据其上句 This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids 可知，答案选 B。

　　2. D 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段的第 1 句 Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it可知，答案选 D。

　　3. C 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段的内容，特别是最后一句 When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces 可知，答案选 C

　　4. B 推理判断题。根据文章第 1 段最后提到的 Paint manufacturers(制造商)…以及The companies that make film… 两句排除选项 A、C，根据第 3 段第 5 句的 In the dairy industry this is used for… 排除选项 D，从而得出答案是 B。

　　(2016·河北省正定中学高三模拟)

　　A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　HIGHFIELD COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL

　　SCHOOL REPORT

　　Form Teacher：G.Baker　Pupil's Name：Simon Watkins

　　Term：Summer 2015　Form：Ⅳ B

　　Subject Exam Class work Comments

　　English 59 61 Simon has reached a satisfactory standard but now needs to apply himself with more determination.

　　Mathematics 77 85 Sound work and progress throughout the year.Well done！

　　History 46 53 A disappointing exam result.He is unable to give attention to this subject for long.

　　Chemistry 78 85 His obvious ability in the subject was not fully reflected in his exam work, but I have high hopes for him nevertheless.

　　Physics 86 94 An excellent term's performance.He goes from strength to strength.A born scientist, I feel.

　　Biology 57 60 This time next year he will be taking the “0” exam.He needs to concentrate on the work, not on class conversation.

　　French 41 46 Clearly he didn't bother to revise.His general attitude is far too casual.

　　Physical

　　Education / 31 Weak.It's time he exercised his body more and his voice less.He should try to work with a team.

　　FORM TEACHER'S

　　REMARKS HEADMASTER

　　Basically satisfactory

　　work and progress though he will now

　　have realized.

　　I hope

　　that in certain subject areas

　　he needs to make speedy improvement. I shall be keeping an eye on his progress in his weaker subjects

　　though his success in the sciences is

　　most pleasing.

　　1.According to the comments of the Physical Education teacher, Simon ________.

　　A.is too talkative in the class

　　B.likes to work with his classmates

　　C.doesn't exercise his body at the right time

　　D.becomes weak because he doesn't exercise at all

　　2.Which of Simon's subjects will attract the headmaster's attention in future?

　　A.Biology and Maths.

　　B.History and French.

　　C.English and Chemistry.

　　D.Physics and Physical Education.

　　3.Which of the following statements best describes Simon?

　　A.He has made great progress in language classes.

　　B.His potential has been fully reflected in science classes.

　　C.His grade in maths makes him a born scientist.

　　D.He needs to improve his attitude on certain subjects.

　　4.Based on the school report, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A.Simon didn't bother his teacher to revise French.

　　B.Basically, Simon did a good job in science.

　　C.Simon is a determined learner in English.

　　D.Simon is able to pay attention to history for long.

　　1．解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Physical Education老师评语中的“It's time he exercised his body more and his voice less.” 可知Simon上课时身体动的少，爱说话。故选A。解析：选B　细节理解题。根据HEADMASTER评语中的“keeping an eye on his progress in his weaker subjects”可知老师希望Simon Watkins关注弱科的进步，并且根据成绩看History和French的分数最低，故选B。解析：选D　推理判断题。根据从历史、生物、体育老师的评语可知Simon需要改进学习态度。故选D。解析：选B　推理判断题。根据各科成绩及老师的评语可知，Mathematics和Physics的成绩和老师的评价都不错。故选B。