2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：20（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（20）

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　“Luck is a matter of preparation meeting opportunity，” said the American talk show host Oprah Winfrey. I’ve never watched her show, but when a self－made billionaire gives life advice, it’s probably worth listening to.

　　Her point is that blind luck is very rare. You may have to be lucky to find a good job these days but that does not mean you should sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you. If you’re a Chinese，you may already be familiar with the tale of a farmer waiting by a tree stump (树桩) for a rabbit to run out and break its neck.

　　A book written by the UK psychologist Richard Wiseman, called The Luck Factor, argues we can all make ourselves luckier. It’s not about going to a temple to burn some incense (香) in hopes that the gods will give you good fortune；it’s practical advice you can follow each day.

　　Wiseman conducted an experiment as part of his studies. First he separated volunteers into two groups：those who said they were lucky in life and those who said they were not. He gave everyone a newspaper and asked them to look through it to count how many photographs it had inside. On average, the unlucky people took about two minutes to count the photographs while the lucky people took just seconds. Why? On the second page of the newspaper, a command, “Stop counting. There are 43 photographs in this newspaper，” was written in big letters. The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message.

　　It’s easy to compare this situation to a young person looking for jobs in a local paper. They might search so hard for one type of position that they miss an even better opportunity. People who are “lucky”， in fact, keep an open mind and don’t go through the same routine every day.

　　I first came to China in 2002 when it was considered a rather strange thing to do. Like many foreigners，my plan was to teach English for one year. Seven years later, and still here, I’ve had many great opportunities such as writing for newspapers and magazines. I did not dream these would have been possible. I’ve also never been sick, had an accident, got into a fight or had problems with the police. Coincidence? After reading about Professor Wiseman’s studies I think not.

　　As Wiseman advises, I usually trust my own judgment. Your friends and parents may give you advice based on rational thinking, but it’s important to consider how you feel about each choice you make. Your feeling acts as a warning for a potential problem.

　　Finally, try to turn bad luck into good.Even if you do fall down and break a leg, the time spent at home can be used wisely to study English.

　　1. Which of the following proverbs most agrees with the writer’s point?

　　A．Make the best of a bad job.

　　B．Rome was not built in a day.

　　C．All that glitters is not gold.

　　D．A good heart conquers ill fortune.

　　. What do you know about Oprah Winfrey?

　　A．She became famous through her family background.B．She was very lucky and seldom suffered setbacks in her life.

　　C．She is a British talk show host.

　　D．She became successful by her own effort.

　　. The writer quoted the Chinese tale of a farmer in order to show________.

　　A. luck is in your own hand

　　B．bad luck can turn into good

　　C．you should not sit at home waiting for the opportunity to come to you

　　D．man can conquer nature

　　. The underlined word “spot” is the closest in meaning to“________”.

　　A．recognize

　　B．mark

　　C．locate

　　D．receive

　　[解题导语]　本文为议论文。作者认为命运只垂青那些有所准备的人。身处逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方设法化厄运为好运。每个人都可以做自己命运的主人。

　　. 解析：选A。 推理判断题。Make the best of a bad job意为“身处山穷水尽，力争柳暗花明”，与最后一段作者的观点“try to turn bad luck into good(把厄运变好运)”最为接近。故答案为A。Rome was not built in a day意为“伟业非一日可成”；All that glitters is not gold意为“闪光的东西并不都是金子”；A good heart conquers ill fortune意为“善心克厄运”。

　　. 解析：选D。 细节理解题。根据第一段中的a self­made billionaire可知美国talk show主持人Oprah Winfrey是从白手起家，通过自我奋斗而成功的。

　　．解析：选C。 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可以判断，作者引用中国“守株待兔”的故事是为了说明“人们不应该待在家里等待机会的降临”的观点。

　　．解析：选A。 词义猜测题。根据上文语境及The unlucky people mostly did not spot the message. 可知spot在句中用作及物动词，是“发现，识别”之意。

　　A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　(2016·成都诊断)Many years ago, an experiment in education was carried out in secret at a school in England.The school had two classes for children of the same age.At the end of the school year an examination was held, in order to select the children for the classes of next year.However, the results of the exam were never made known.In secret, based on their performance in the exam, the higher performing and lower performing children were divided equally between the two classes.Only the headmaster and the psychologists knew the truth.Teachers for the next year were carefully selected for equal ability and experience.Even the classrooms were chosen with similar facilities (设备).Everything was made as equal as possible, except for one thing: one was called “Class A”， the other, “Class B”.

　　In everyone's minds the children in Class A were the clever ones, and the kids in Class B were not so clever.Some of the parents of the Class A children were pleasantly surprised that their children had done so well and rewarded them with presents and praise, while the parents of some of the Class B kids complained that their children did not work hard enough and took away some of their rewards.Even the teachers taught the Class B kids in a different manner, not expecting so much from them.For a whole year the illusion existed.Then there was another end of year exam.

　　The results were not surprising.The children of Class A performed so much better than those of Class B.In fact, the results were just as if they had been the top half chosen from last year's exam.They had become “Class A” children.And those in the other group, though equal the year before, had now become “Class B” kids.That was what they were told for a whole year, that was how they were treated, and that was what they believed — so that was what they became.

　　1.According to the text, it is a fact that ________.

　　A.the Class A kids worked harder

　　B.the Class A kids had better facilities

　　C.kids in the two classes had equal ability

　　D.teachers of Class A were more experienced

　　2.The underlined word “illusion” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”.

　　A.reward systemB.false impression

　　C.teaching plan

　　D.old tradition

　　3.Why didn't the Class B kids perform well in the second exam?

　　A.Because they didn't work hard.

　　B.Because they had lost self­confidence.

　　C.Because their teachers were irresponsible.

　　D.Because what they learned was too difficult.

　　4.The experiment proved the importance of ________.

　　A.great ambitions

　　B.natural talents

　　C.strong determination

　　D.outside influence

　　1．解析：选C　细节理解题由第一段的“Everything was made as equal as possible, except ...”及第三段的“And those in the other group, though equal the year before”可知两个班的学生资质相当而且学习条件相同解析：选B　词义猜测题由该词所在段落的内容——尽管两个班的孩子无区别但由于班级冠名不同而导致了家长老师的错误印象和分别对待可知illusion指“错觉”解析：选B　推理判断题根据文章末句“that was what they ...what they became”可知B班的学生被认为比较差最后他们失去了自信也就真的差了解析：选D　推理判断题本文介绍了一个教学实验：学生资质相当并且学习条件相同的两个班由于分别接受积极的和消极的外部影响一年以后两个班的成绩出现明显差距因此这项实验证明了外部影响的重要性2016高考英语阅读理解集训。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

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　　Enjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our Loyalty Program! Whenever you pay with your membership account, you’ll earn a Star.

　　Collect more Stars, earn more rewards. Three ways to join us

　　Buy a Starbucks Card handy to create an account.

　　Track your Stars online or through the mobile app, and we’ll send an email when you’ve earned a reward.

　　You can also join from your phone. Download the Starbucks® App.

　　One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes® Pick of the Week; see current offers.

　　Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.

　　Enter your Starcode (limit 2 per day).

　　Look for the Starcode symbol on specially marked Starbucks® products where you buy groceries. Three levels with increasingly greater rewards

　　To reach each level in our Loyalty Program, you need to collect more Stars. ( Remember, to earn a Star you must pay with a registered Starbucks Card. )

　　Welcome level

　　To earn your first rewards, just register a Starbucks Card.

　　Birthday drink or treat on us; birthday coupon (忧惠券) for 15% off a purchase at StarbucksStore.com. Green level

　　Collect 5 Stars within 12 months and you’ll be in the Green level.

　　•What is included in the Welcome level plus

　　♀Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea Gold level

　　Collect 30 Stars within 12 months and you’re at the Gold level.

　　•What is included in the Green, level plus

　　♀A free food or drink item after another 12 Stars earned.

　　♀Personalized Gold Card 1. Which of the following is a way you can apply for membership?

　　A. To enter a Starcode from specially marked Starbucks® products.

　　B. To buy a Starbucks Card over the phone.

　　C. To update the Starbucks® App from the official website.

　　D. To buy a drink at a Starbucks on weekends. 2. With the Starbucks® App, you can ________.

　　A. change the prices     B. earn a Star

　　C. pay for rewards      D. view current offers 3. With a Starbucks Card of Green level, you will get ________.

　　A. a free cake        B. personalized Green Card

　　C. free in-store refills        D. all purchases 15% off

　　想要体验星巴克更多美味的饮料吗？这里有银星级会员(Welcome Level)、绿色会员(Green Level)和金星级会员(Gold Level)等着你来选择；赶快成为俱乐部会员，开始您的惊喜之旅吧！ 【解析】

　　1. A 细节理解题。由Three ways to join us部分第三点Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.中的最后一句Look for the Starcode symbol on specially marked Starbucks® products where you buy groceries.可知，加入会员的第三种方法就是找带有星巴克标志的产品，故选A。 2. D 细节理解题。由Three ways to join us部分第二点You can also join from your phone.第二句One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to:pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes® Pick of the Week; see current offers.可知，成为会员的最大的好处是使用星巴克应用可以支付账单，浏览星级和奖励，查看当前提供的服务等，故选D。 3. C 细节理解题。由Green level部分第三句♀Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea.可知，绿色会员可以享受免费续杯，故选C。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　(2016·南宁市适应性测试)There have always been laws against copying other people's ideas. However, when copying was only limited to copying something by hand, problems were solved easily. The solution was always the destruction or removal of the copy. Nowadays, the rise of the Internet has made the issue of intellectual property (知识产权) more complicated.

　　Almost every bit of information can be cut and pasted (粘贴) with a few clicks of a mouse. Many art forms such as writings, films, and music need new protection to ensure that people do not simply transfer them for free. Online illegal copying has been blamed for a huge reduction in the sales of many records because it is hard to convince people to buy something that they can get for free. Even the ideas behind traditional games, such as Scrabble, have been used without the owners' permission.

　　Old laws have been struggling to keep up. While music companies have been successful in persuading courts that action should be taken against people who illegally download music, the law is difficult to carry out. Furthermore, intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country, so it's up for debate which laws apply. Finally, there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft, since once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place.

　　All of these issues mean that companies involved with intellectual property — ideas or easily digitized information —

　　are fighting desperately to get people to pay for the information they use, rather than paying for an object like a CD that they use. While the companies have sometimes been successful, the practical barriers to full protection seem insurmountable.

　　Finally, all that concerned parties can do is hope that their few successes scare off others and try to find new ways of making money.

　　1.Why do writings, films, and music need protection?

　　A.They are very expensive.

　　B.They are impossible to copy.

　　C.It is easy to make CDs, books, and movies.

　　D.They are easily able to be transferred when in digital form.

　　2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem of carrying out intellectual property rights?

　　A.Laws are not the same in all countries.

　　B.People do not see copying information as theft.

　　C.It is very hard to catch people who are breaking the law.

　　D.Internet service providers do not want to cooperate with the police.

　　3.The underlined word “insurmountable” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.

　　A.extremely expensive

　　B.impossible to overcome

　　C.against the law

　　D.hard to prove

　　4.What can be inferred from this passage?

　　A.Music and films will be unnecessary in the future.

　　B.New laws are necessary but difficult to put into practice.

　　C.The Internet is likely to become more important in the future.

　　D.Laws are just a way for greedy companies to control their products.

　　1．解析：选D　细节理解题根据第二段前三句“Almost every bit of information ... something that they can get for free.”可知随着网络的发展著作电影和音乐等很容易通过网络以数字形式供人们免费下载这极大地损害了创作人的合法权益所以它们需要被保护故答案选D2．解析：选D　细节理解题根据第三段中的“the law is difficult to carry out”“intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country”“there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft”和“once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place”可知A、B、C三项都是在保护知识产权时所面临的问题D项在文中没有提到故答案选D3．解析：选B　词义猜测题根据第三段和第四段内容可知保护知识产权面临很多障碍尽管有成功案例但是要克服这些全面保护知识产权的实际障碍几乎是不可能的由此可推断出insurmountable意为“难以克服的不能超越的”B项意为“不可能克服的”故答案选B4．解析：选B　推理判断题根据全文可知由于网络的发展知识产权的保护受到严重挑战原有法律已解决不了日益复杂的问题；人们在用法律来维护创作人的权益时遇到了很多障碍使得维权难以真正贯彻下去由此可推断出制定新的知识产权保护法很有必要但是这项法律实施起来仍会很困难故答案选B2017·安徽卷A改编）

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　　1. With help from a Mr.H, you can

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　　A. stop using batteries.

　　B. finish your homework on time.

　　C. remember your teacher’s instructions.

　　D. get your room tidied on your way home.

　　2. A PENGO WATCH CONTROL can help you to

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　　A. repair your TV

　　B. organize your homework

　　C. be a James Bond

　　D. know what the weather is like

　　3. You can get your Mr. H for

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　　A. ＄499

　　B. ＄299

　　C. ＄199

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　　文章大意：本文是一则广告，宣传了两个产品Personal Robot和WATCH CONTROL，同时详细说明了这两种产品的特点和具体的购买信息。

　　1.B。细节题。根据第一则广告Mr. H can be programmed to organize your homework.可知这个机器人可以帮助做家庭作业。故B正确。

　　2. D。细节题。根据第二则广告gives you a daily weather forecast.可知这个手表会告诉你天气预报。故D正确。

　　3. B。细节题。根据第一则广告最后3行Originally (最初) sold for $499

　　NOW ONLY $299可知现在只要299美元就可以买到了。故B正确。

　　4. C。推理题。根据第二则广告最后一行For further information, click here.中的click点击。可知本文是从网页上摘录下来的。故C正确。