2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：49（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（49）

　　2016高考英语训练--阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes．Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months． Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley．

　　The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsius． The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy -four degrees Celsius.

　　Death Valley contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions． Evidence

　　of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater． The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a

　　kilometer and a half wide．

　　In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been

　　pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth． This movement has created unusual and beautiful

　　rock formations． Some are red． Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black．

　　The area was named by a woman in 1849． Thousands of people from other parts of the country traveled Lo the gold mining areas in California． They Were in a hurry to get there before other people did．One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail． By December

　　they had reached Death Valley．They did not have to survive the terrible heat of summer, hut there was

　　still an extreme lack of water．There were few plants for their work animals to eat．

　　The people could not find a pass through the call mountains to the west of the Valley, Slowly, they began co suffer from a lack of food．To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the Valley．

　　As they left, one Woman looked back and said, "Good -bye, death valley． ” The name has never been changed．

　　Almost everyone who visits Death Valley visits a huge house called Scotty' s Castle．The building design is Spanish, with high thick walls to provide protection from the fierce heat．

　　The castle is named for Walter Scott , called Scotty． by his friends． He was a gold miner．He told everyone that he built the house with money he made from his gold mine, Many people believed him．But it was not really the truth．

　　1．The first two paragraphs discuss Death Valley' s

　　．

　　A． geography

　　B． climate

　　C． location

　　D． Size

　　．The woman who named Death Valley intended to

　　．

　　A．explore the mystery of the valley

　　B．find an area with plants for animals

　　C．experience the terrible heat of summer

　　D．look for gold in California

　　．If the passage continues, it will be about

　　.

　　A．the truth about Scotty's Castle

　　B．why Spanish built the castle

　　C．when the castle was built

　　D．where the castle lies in

　　1.B段落大意题。根据前两个段主要介绍了死亡谷的温度，暴风和洪水等情况，总之介绍了它的气候。

　　.D细节理解题。根据The area was named by a woman in 1849．Thousands of people from other parts of the country traveled Lo the gold mining areas in California．As they left, one Woman looked back and said, "Good -bye, death valley． ” The name has never been changed．她也去加利福尼亚寻找金子，故选D。

　　.A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知下面将些关于Scotty's Castle的真实情况。Housed in Milan, one of Europe's dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.

　　In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and airconditioning system to protect the painting from Milan's polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two airquality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. ?It's a spectacular reduction，” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”

　　Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around da Vinci's painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.

　　Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors' skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.

　　Even previous restorations of the painting may pollute its surface, Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.

　　The researchers noted that their airsample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artwork and artefacts.

　　1．What does the underlined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

　　A．The smallest parts of a chemical substance.

　　B．Things dirtier than usual.

　　C．Certain types of gas.

　　D．Extremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.

　　2．According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT

　　________．

　　A．fatty lipids from the skin

　　B．tiny particles of the wax

　　C．breath of the visitors

　　D．dust in the air

　　3．According to the researchers, which of the following is NOT true of their airsample analysis?

　　A. The airsample analysis was got by gathering air in the church for a year.

　　B．The airsample analysis showed that the painting was completely away from air pollution.

　　C．The airsample analysis can be helpful for future studies protecting valuable artwork.

　　D．The airsample analysis showed that the particulates around da Vinci's painting were decreased successfully.

　　4．What can be the best title of the text?

　　A．How to decrease levels of particulates effectively

　　B．The famous painting —da Vinci's The Last Supper

　　C．Keeping air pollution from damaging da Vinci's The Last Supper

　　D．How to protect artwork in households

　　【要点综述】保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达·芬奇名画《最后的晚餐》受到空气污染的影响。虽采取了措施使教堂空气质量得到提高，但仍存在一些污染隐患。

　　1．D　词义猜测题。综合分析文章及该词所在句子，可推知该词意为“颗粒(污染)物”。

　　2．C　细节理解题。根据文章信息可知，对名画《最后的晚餐》带来污染的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒及空气中的灰尘等。

　　3．B　细节理解题。从文章第一、二段可知，虽然教堂室内环境大为改善，但这幅伟大的画作仍受到各种污染物的威胁。

　　4．C　主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍如何保护达·芬奇的名画《最后的晚餐》免受污染物的影响，故C项为标题最佳。

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。

　　One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide rang of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked, "My I get you something?" "A coffee would be nice." Then I bought him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked, "How did you get to know Mr. Gal breath?" "Who?" "The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs." I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr. Gal breath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity.

　　(

　　) 1. What does the underlined word "disheveled" mean?

　　A. Unfriendly. B. Untidy. C. Gentle. D. Kind.

　　(

　　) 2. The author bought coffee for the old man because

　　A. he thought the old man was poor

　　B. he wanted to start a conversation

　　C. he intended to show his politeness

　　D. he would like to thank the old man

　　(

　　) 3. How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A. Proud. B. Pitiful. C. Surprised. D. Regretful

　　(

　　) 4. What is the message mainly expressed in the story?

　　A. We should learn to be generous.

　　B. It is honorable to help those in need.

　　C. People in high positions are not like what we expect.

　　D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.

　　【语篇解读】 本文讲述了"我"在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人, 并且帮助 他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的 Mr. Gal breath,旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人.

　　1. 答案 B 【解析】猜测词义题.由上文中的 I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man 何 下文中的 He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.可知 disheveled 在这儿是指仪容不整, 穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选 B 项.

　　2. 答案A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.可以判断选 A 项.

　　3. 答案 C 【解析】推理判断题.根据 I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men!可知, 作者在他朋友告诉他 那个老人是 Mr. Gal breath 之后感到很吃惊.由此判断选 C 项.

　　4. 答案 D 【解析】 主旨大意题. 根据文章最后一句 Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.可知,作者想要 表达的是不要以貌取人.由此判断选 D 项.

　　阅读理解。

　　What can help you make a fortune in the future? Graduating from a top university might not be enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money you'll earn later.

　　The idea that popularity could have a serious impact on one's earning potential shouldn't come as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.

　　“If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the ability to get along with others in all kinds of different situations," said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who totally agreed with the recent finding. "Also, friends always help each other. They not only create wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally feel depressed," said Xu. She believed that all this helps you "earn a higher salary”.

　　Maybe that's why some people think the younger generations are in the age of Friendalholism (交友狂症). A woman even complained that the networking website Face book's 5,000-friend limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts.

　　But what does a friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?

　　“Call me uncoil, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition (定义) of ‘friend',” said Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US.

　　(

　　) 1.The new study from the University of Essex in Britain shows that _________.

　　A. if you have more friends you will not live happily.

　　B. the more friends you have in school, the more money you'll earn in your late life.

　　C. the less friends you have, the poor lives you will live.

　　D. friends can make more money for you.

　　(

　　) 2. According to Xu Yanchun, when you have lots of friends, it means_____

　　A. You have the ability to earn more money.

　　B. You will not feel lonely.

　　C .You are quite content with your life.

　　D. You have the ability to get along with others in various situations.

　　(

　　) 3. What’s the main idea of the passage ?

　　A. The passage mainly tells us something about the friendship.

　　B. Friends plays an more important part in our daily life than anything else.

　　C. Friends are currency.

　　D. Friends give you success.

　　(

　　) 4. We can learn from the passage that _________.

　　A. If you have more friends, you can make a fortune in the future.

　　B. Graduating from college means that you can make a fortune in the future.

　　C. Friends means a form of currency.

　　D. Friends can make you wider social circle and make you feel better when you feel depressed.

　　【文章大意】：文章主要向人们讲述了朋友在人们生活中的重要作用。你在上学时拥有越多的朋友，那么你以后就会有越多的财富。

　　1.【考点分析】细节理解题。

　　【参考答案】B。

　　【解题思路】从文中第一段的A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money you'll earn later.可知研究表明“朋友越多，你以后就会挣越多的钱 ”。

　　2.【考点分析】细节理解题。

　　【参考答案】D。

　　【解题思路】文中第三段提到了Xu Yanchun的话，从话中我们可以知道“如果你有很多朋友说明你在不同环境中的适应能力很强”。故选D项 。

　　3.【考点分析】主旨大意题。

　　【参考答案】D。

　　【解题思路】通读全文我们可知，文章主要讲述了朋友能够给你带来财富，给你带来成功。故D项总结的合理。

　　4.【考点分析】推理判断题题。

　　【参考答案】D。

　　【解题思路】A 项的说法太过绝对，所以不正确；B项的说法文中没有提到，因此不能选；C 项的说法没有依据，因此也不能选，故只剩下D项。

　　阅读理解。

　　I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I'm in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There, '"I'm having a dinner party' means: "I'm booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can't afford and we'll be sharing the checque evenly, no matter what you eat." Worse, in Manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives. They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don't drink, end up paying even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: "Where are you going?" And it's not like I can say I have somewhere to go: everyone know I have nowhere to go. But in London, dinner parties are in people's homes. Not only that，the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India. Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations in New York. The mix is less striking. It's like a gathering at Bloomingdale's, a well-known department store. For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York. But at Mallery's, when I said that I had been to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club

　　(

　　) 1. What does the word "shot" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

　　A. Choice.

　　B. Try

　　C. Style.

　　D. Goal

　　(

　　) 2. What does the writer dislike most about dinner parties in New York?

　　A There is a strange mix of people.

　　B. The restaurants are expensive.

　　C. The bill is not fairly shared.

　　D. People have to pay cash

　　(

　　) 3. What does the author think of the parties in London?

　　A. A bit unusual

　　B. Full of tricks.

　　C. Less costly.

　　D More interesting.

　　(

　　) 4. What is the author's opinion of some New Yorkers from her experience?

　　A. Easy-going.

　　B. Self-centered.

　　C. Generous.

　　D. Conservative.

　　1. B.词义猜测题.从第一句的 hate,到 but 意义上的转折,说明尽管不喜欢,还是要"尝 试一下",所以 try 的意思更接近 shot.

　　2. C.细节理解题.根据第一段中 They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don't drink, end up paying even more.可知类似作者这样的人在纽约吃饭 吃亏,因为付钱多.

　　3. D. 推理判断题.根据第二段和其中的句子 Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. 可以推断伦敦的 party 要比纽约的有趣.

　　4. B.推理判断题.从最后一段的 talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York.和 In New York people would think it was a usual new club 可以推断,作 者对一些纽约人的看法,是"以自我为中心的".