2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：118（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（118）

　　阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　In 1939，two brothers，Mac and Dick McDonald，started a drive­in restaurant in San Bernadino，California.They carefully chose a busy corner for their location.They had run their own businesses for years，first a theater，then a barbecue(烤肉)restaurant，then another drive­in.But in their new operation，they offered a new，shortened menu：French fries，hamburgers，and sodas.To this small selection they added one new idea：quick service，no waiters or waitresses，and no tips.

　　Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents.Cheese was another four cents.Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity(一致性)，for the brothers had developed a strict routine(程序)for the preparation of their food，and they insisted on their cooks' sticking to their routine.Their new drive­in became surprisingly popular，particularly for lunch.People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime.The self­service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened.They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.

　　Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954，when he was selling milkshake­mixing machines.He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers' fast­food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特许经营)other copies of their restaurants.The agreement included the right to duplicate(复制)the menu，the equipment，even their red and white buildings with the golden arches(拱门)．

　　Today McDonald's is really a household name.In 1976，McDonald's had over $ 1 billion in total sales.Its first twenty­two years is one of the most surprising success stories in modern American business history.

　　1．This passage mainly talks about________.

　　A．the development of fast food services

　　B．how McDonald's became a billion­dollar business

　　C．the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald

　　D．Ray Kroc's business talent

　　答案：B　主旨大题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍Mac and Dick McDonald两兄弟的最初创业及Kroc购买该品牌经营权的情况，由此可知答案为B。

　　2．Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except________.

　　A．a drive­in

　　B．a theater

　　C．a cinema

　　D．a barbecue restaurant

　　答案：C　细节推理题。根据第一段第三句话They had run their own businesses for years，first a theater，then a barbecue(烤肉)restaurant，then another drive­in.可知答案为C。

　　3．We may infer from this passage that________.

　　A．Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc.

　　B．the place the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive­in

　　C．forty years ago there were lots of fast­food restaurants

　　D．Ray Kroc was a good businessman

　　答案：D　推断推理题。根据第三段第二句He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers' fast­food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特许经营)other copies of their restaurants.可以做出正确判断。

　　4．The passage suggests that________.

　　A．creativity is an important element of business success

　　B．Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothers

　　C．Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their idea to Ray Kroc

　　D．California is the best place to go into business

　　答案：A　归纳判断题。从全文可得出结论：创造力是事业成功的重要因素。

　　阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.

　　Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick.

　　Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared.For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.

　　Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.

　　When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.

　　Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

　　1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.

　　B．Food poisoning means death.

　　C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.

　　D．Food poisoning can be serious.

　　2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning________ .

　　A．are always accompanied by a fever

　　B．are too common to be noted

　　C．can be noticed within hours

　　D．can he ignored

　　3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT________.

　　A．some chemicals

　　B．low temperatures

　　C．some tiny living things

　　D．certain natural materials

　　4. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that________ .

　　A．mushrooms should not be eaten

　　B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

　　C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

　　D．different types of food should be handled differently[解题导语]　本文主要讲述了几种食物中毒的表现，如何避免食物中毒的一些注意事项以及食物中毒后的一些处理方法。

　　1．解析： 选B。细节理解题。由第一段第三句Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知B项内容描述错误。食物中毒不一定就意味着死亡。

　　2．解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知C项正确。由第一段最后一句Fever is one of the most common symptoms.可知A项错误；由第一段第二句可知食物中毒的人会生病，故B、D两项错误。

　　3．解析：选 B。细节理解题。由第三段第一句、第二段第三句和第五段倒数第二句可知A、C、D三项内容正确。而由第五段中Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures.可知，B项中的low temperatures不会导致食物中毒。

　　4．解析：选D。推理判断题。本段讲述了如何处理不同类型的食物中毒的情况。

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　You know eating fruit and vegetables does good.But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers’ skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.

　　Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age－related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange ，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察)to others－and was seen as appealing.

　　A camera measured changes to the skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)，which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour and beta－carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.

　　4． What do we know from the research?

　　A． If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.

　　B． The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.

　　C． Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.

　　D． People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.

　　． Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids ?

　　A． They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.

　　B． They can prevent heart disease and cancer.

　　C． They can prevent age－related diseases.

　　D． They can keep you in good health.

　　． Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A． We’ve already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.

　　B． We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.

　　C． The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.

　　D． Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect on the skin.

　　． We can infer from the passage that ________

　　A．skin’s redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractive

　　B．carotenoids have the same effect as lycopene

　　C．it is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colour

　　D．both beta－carotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface

　　[解题导语]　本文主要论述了吃水果和蔬菜不仅让我们的身体健康，而且还能使人看起来更漂亮。

　　．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks.故选B。

　　．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age­related diseases including heart disease and cancer.没有提到选项D的内容，故选D。

　　．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据全文都是说现在的研究发现的内容，没有提到过去的情况，故选B。

　　．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.可以推出皮肤发红、发黄、轻盈让人看起来更健康和有吸引力。故选A。阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　In the UK，most children have their midday meal at school，but in many schools，parents can choose what their children eat.The children can have a school lunch—a hot，cooked meal；or they can take a packed lunch with them，which usually includes cold food like sandwiches.

　　Often parents prepare lunches on_the_basis_of what

　　their children want.Cathy，a mother of three children，told us，“My children have packed lunches，because they say they hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning，so we're like a sandwich bar in our kitchen in the morning.”

　　However，another mother，Susan，made her choice based on the nutritious(有营养的)value of the food.She said，“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made sandwiches.”

　　But how healthy are school dinners？Kaz，a father，wasn't impressed with them.“Fizzy(有泡沫的)drinks were offered and I think there were a lot of chips.” The question of how healthy school food is was brought to Jamie Oliver，who launched a campaign to improve children's nutrition，after spending a year working in a school kitchen.The TV series about the campaign won an award this week.

　　He was worried about the junk food he saw being served，which included burgers，pizza and chips.He decided to ban the junk，and started cooking good stews (炖菜)and curries for the children instead.

　　Jamie improved the school dinners in that particular school，and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food.Then he put pressure on the government to improve the standards of school food across the country.And it looks as if the changes have begun.

　　1．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．School Dinners

　　B．Healthy Food

　　C．Dinners in the UK

　　D．Research on Dinners

　　答案：A　标题概括题。全文围绕学校午餐展开，先是对比介绍了学校午餐与自带午餐的情况，接着质疑学校午餐是否有益健康，最后介绍了Jamie所发起的改善校园午餐的运动。所以选A项。

　　2．The underlined phrase“on the basis of”in Paragraph 2 probably means“________”．

　　A．in spite of

　　B．according to

　　C．as well as

　　D．for the good of

　　答案：B　词义猜测题。根据后面的例子可以推出第一句的句意：父母通常根据孩子们的要求准备午餐。on the basis of“基于，根据”，与according to意思相近。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Stews are healthy food.

　　B．Cathy's children like school lunch.

　　C．Jamie Oliver works in a school kitchen.

　　D．In Britain，all children have their lunch at school.

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Jamie禁止了垃圾食品，用炖菜和咖喱类饭菜作为孩子的午餐，由此可推知炖菜和咖喱类饭菜是健康食品，故选A项。

　　4．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．None of the parents in Britain like school food.B．Fizzy drinks and chips are good for children's health.

　　C．Most schools in the UK offer healthy lunch to students.

　　D．Susan chooses food for her daughter according to its nutrition.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知，Susan根据食物的营养来给女儿准备午餐。故选D项。

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　When was the last time someone did something unexpectedly nice for you？Not someone you knew，but a total stranger？It's happened to me a few times，but two instances really stand out.

　　A few years ago，I was dining out with a person who kept going on and on about himself，completely oblivious to the fact that I was sitting there in misery.It wasn't his company that disappointed me.I was recovering from a broken heart，and just sitting down to dinner reminded me of my last relationship.I could have collapsed in tears right there at the table.

　　When we picked up the check，the waitress said，“Your meal was already paid for.”My friend and I didn't have a clue how it happened.Then I remembered a man coming in out of the corner of my eye.He was dressed in mostly white，sat down at the bar，had a glass of wine，stayed for maybe ten minutes，and then left.The waitress said，“Yes，the gentleman who was in here a while ago paid for you.”

　　Just last year，I was running a half­marathon.With just 0.1 mile to go，I was out of breath. Runners call it“hitting the wall”；I thought I couldn't move another muscle .Out of nowhere，a teenager jogs up next to me and says，“What's your name，sweetie？Jennifer？Okay，Jennifer，let's go！Come on! It's just around the corner！You can do it！”And he ran with me until I picked up my pace. I found him at the finish line to thank him for the encouragement only to learn he wasn't even supposed to be in the race that day. He was running in place of someone else.

　　I still shake my head when I think of these momentary angels that came to me at my point of need. Do you have any experiences like this?　

　　1．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A．The Kindness of StrangersB．An Unpleasant Companion

　　C．Two Special ExperiencesD．Hitting the Wall

　　答案：A　推理推断题。文章第一段便是文章的主题，句中的something unexpectedly nice for you则说明了作者想在下文中谈的内容，由此可知答案选A项。其他几个选项，则是文中的细节部分。

　　．Why did the author say he was in misery?

　　A．Because he couldn't enjoy his meal.

　　B．Because he fell into conflict with his companion.

　　C．Because his companion talked a lot.

　　D．Because he was then disappointed in love.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。作者谈到自己坐在那里痛苦的样子，后面提到了痛苦的原因是“I was recovering from a broken heart(刚刚失恋了)．..”，由此可知答案D项正确。

　　．What do you think of the man paying for the meal?

　　A．He showed his kindness for his former girlfriend.

　　B．He is an acquaintance to the two persons.

　　C．He is generous and warmhearted to others.

　　D．He enjoys making fun of others by doing that.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。文中讲述的是陌生人的帮助，由此排除A、B两项；作者只谈了这位陌生人帮他们付了账单，并没有说陌生人如何捉弄他们，因此排除D项；帮助不认识的人付账单，说明了这位陌生人的慷慨和热心，由此可知C项正确。

　　．How did the teenager help the author?

　　A．He gave the author a glass of water.

　　B．He gave the author orders firmly.

　　C．He ran after the author.

　　D．He ran with the author.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据第四段的“And he ran with me until I picked up my pace.”可知，这位年轻人陪着作者跑了一段时间，直到作者加快了脚步，由此可知D项符合文意。

　　．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　A．The author still believes his experience today.

　　B．The author feels grateful for the help he received.C．The author thinks everyone is an angel.

　　D．The author often gets help expectedly.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章前面的叙述可知，作者对别人给予的帮助充满感激，认为帮助过他的两位都是天使级人物，所以选B项。