财政部长：今年继续“减税降费”

3月7日，财政部部长肖捷在十二届全国人大五次会议举行的记者会上，就财政工作和财税改革热点问题回答了中外记者提问。

China will cut taxes and administrative fees by 550 billion yuan ($79.7 billion) this year to further reduce the corporate burden and will roll out favorable tax policies to support small innovative and technology companies, Finance Minister Xiao Jie said on Tuesday.

财政部长肖捷7日表示，今年我国将减税降费5500亿元，进一步减轻企业负担，同时将推出税收优惠政策扶持小型创新科技公司。

“减税降费”具体包括“税收减免”（tax reduction and exemption）和“取消或停征行政事业性收费”（cancel or exempt administrative fees）两部分。

减税方面，全年将减税3500亿元左右，包括继续完善营改增试点政策（improve the pilot project to replace business tax with value-added tax）、将企业所得税减半征收优惠范围从年应纳税所得额30万元提高到50万元以下的小微企业（companies with annual taxable income lower than 500,000 yuan will have a 50 percent tax cut）、将研发费用加计扣除的比例由50%提高到了75%等。

个税改革方案（reform of personal income tax）将部分收入项目如工资薪金（salary）、劳务报酬（remuneration of labor）、稿酬（author’s remuneration）等，实行按年汇总纳税。财政部还将考虑适当增加与家庭生计相关的专项开支扣除项目（considering more tax cuts concerning family livelihood），比如有关“二孩”家庭的教育等支出，其他的专项扣除项目等。

降费方面，今年降费约2000亿元。财政部重点做好两项工作，包括全面清理规范政府性基金（government-managed funds），改革到位后全国政府性基金将剩下21项；取消或停征35项涉企行政事业性收费（administrative fees），中央涉企收费项目减少一半以上，将剩余33项。

本次记者会其他要点摘录：

A total of 1,351 PPP projects worth 2.2 trillion yuan had been signed by the end of last year, with the time frame for implementing such projects growing shorter. Compared with the situation in early 2016, there are now more PPP projects being put in place and a larger volume of investment.

截至去年底，已经签约落地了1351个PPP项目，总投资达到2.2万亿元，落地周期缩短。与年初相比，无论是项目落地的数量，还是投资规模，都实现增长。

The deficit-to-GDP ratio will stay unchanged from last year, with the fiscal deficit figure increasing by 200 billion yuan to meet the demands for tax cuts and expenditure in key areas such as supply-side structural reform. China's government debt ratio is relatively low compared with other countries, which leaves enough leeway for further adjustment.

预计到今年底，负债率不会出现太大的变化。赤字规模增加了2000亿元，能够满足实施减税政策和供给侧结构性改革等保障重点领域的支出需要。如果与国际水平相比，应当说中国政府还有一定的举债空间。