2016届高考英语冲刺卷：08（江苏卷）（解析版）

　　绝密★启用前

　　注意事项：

　　1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

　　2．答题前考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。

　　3．考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。

　　注意事项：

　　1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

　　2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。

　　3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

　　4. 考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

　　第I卷

　　第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)

　　第一节:(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)

　　听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　　1. When will probably the man meet Doctor Li?

　　A. Tomorrow.

　　B. This weekend.

　　C. Next Saturday.

　　2. Where does this conversation probably take place?

　　A. At a gas station.

　　B.

　　At a car park.

　　C. At a supermarket.

　　3. What does the woman think of the news?

　　A. Too bad.

　　B.

　　Great.

　　C. Unbelievable.

　　4. What is the climate of autumn in Beijing like?

　　A. It rains very heavily.

　　B.

　　It seldom rains.

　　C. It doesn't rain at all.

　　5. How much will the man pay if he wants two T-shirts?

　　A. 26 dollars.

　　B.

　　13 dollars.

　　C.

　　30 dollars.

　　第二节

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　　听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

　　6. What does David like watching on TV?

　　A. Soccer game.

　　B.

　　TV play.

　　C. News.

　　7. Who also has the same hobby with David?

　　A. The man.

　　B.

　　The woman’s brother.

　　C. The man’s brother.

　　听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

　　8. What does the man think of the blue sweater?

　　A. He thinks it is expensive.

　　B. He thinks it is not beautiful.

　　C. He doesn’t like the color.

　　9. How much does the red sweater cost?

　　A. It's under a hundred dollars.

　　B. It's a hundred and sixtynine dollars.

　　C. It's a hundred and five dollars.

　　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　　10. Why does the man need a job?

　　A. To earn some money. B.

　　To practice his language.

　　C. To continue to stay there.

　　11. Why can’t the man get a part-time job in universities?

　　A. They don’t like to employ students.

　　B. They have no job for him now.

　　C. The man asks for a high pay.

　　12. What’s the last suggestion of the woman?

　　A. Ask friends to help.

　　B.

　　Ask a job in universities.

　　C. Find a job in Taiwan.

　　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

　　13. Where does the conversation probably happen?

　　A. At the police station.

　　B.

　　At a restaurant.

　　C. At a supermarket.

　　14. What happened to the man?

　　A. His wallet was gone.

　　B. He lost his credit card.

　　C. He was lost on the way.

　　15. Which of the following is true?

　　A. The man had lunch at home.

　　B. The man’s friend paid for the supper.

　　C. The man often takes out wallet when sitting down.

　　16. What will the man do first according to the conversation?

　　A. Call the police.

　　B.

　　Quarrel with the woman.

　　C.

　　Check whether the wallet is at home.

　　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

　　17. When did the concept of “afternoon tea” first appear in the UK?

　　A. More than 3,000 BC.

　　B.

　　The mid 17th century.

　　C.

　　The late 17th century.

　　18. Why did Anna Maria Russell have the idea of “afternoon tea”?

　　A. Because she liked drinking tea

　　B. Because she enjoyed the freedom.

　　C. Because she felt hungry at that time.

　　19. When did the “afternoon tea” serve?

　　A. Between 4 pm and 6 pm.

　　B. At 8 pm.

　　C. Between 2 pm and 4 pm.

　　20. Which one is polite for the “afternoon tea”?

　　A. Eat the food quickly.

　　B. Take small sips.

　　C. Add milk first and then tea.

　　答案：1~5

　　BACBA6~10

　　ACACC11~15 BABAC 16~20 CBCAB

　　第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)

　　第一节

　　单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

　　请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　21．In yesterday’s business training course the consultant instructed us that a good salesman must be ______ if he wants to succeed.

　　A. aggressive

　　B. conventional

　　C. visual

　　D. fragrant

　　【答案】A

　　考点：考查形容词辨析

　　22．—What’s up? What’s that terrible noise from our upstairs neighbor?

　　—The spoiled boy is yelling and screaming to ______, I guess.

　　A. mend his way

　　B. stop his way

　　C. push his way

　　D. get his way

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】考查动词短语，A修复自己的方式；B停止、阻止他的方式；C推开（人群）通过；D随心所欲的做；句意：怎么了？从我们楼上的邻居那的很吵闹的噪音是什么？我猜，是那个被宠坏的男孩在随心所欲的大声欢呼和尖叫呢。故选D。

　　考点：考查动词短语

　　23．I know what I shall be doing for the next three years but I haven’t thought _______ that.

　　A. without

　　B. for

　　C. against

　　D. beyond

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】考查介词，A沒有；B对于；C反对；D超出；句意：我知道我要在接下来的三年里做什么，但是我从来沒有想过那以外的事情。故选D。

　　考点：考查介词

　　24．Dad was afraid that such a small loaf of bread won't ________ among this large family.

　　A. go out

　　B. go ahead

　　C. go far

　　D. go off

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】考查动词短语，A出去，熄灭，过时；B前进，進行；C成功，扬名，行远路，大有前途；D离开，進行，变质，睡去；句意：爸爸害怕这样一条小的面包远不能供给这个大家庭。故选C。

　　考点：考查动词短语

　　25．Health experts believe that even a little exercise is far better than _____at all．

　　A． none

　　B． nothing

　　C． no one

　　D． anything

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考查代词。句意：健康专家相信甚至一点点锻炼要比根本没有好多了。none没有； little几乎没有；everything 一切； anything任何事情。所以选A。

　　考点：考查代词

　　26．Most of her spare time ______ , she still kept on her research in the library．

　　A． occupied

　　B． to be occupied

　　C． was occupied

　　D． had been occupied

　　【答案】A

　　考点：独立主格或独立结构

　　27．With your help, there is no doubt ______ our plan is meant for will work out successfully．

　　A． that what

　　B． whether that

　　C． what that

　　D． that whether

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考查名词性从句。句型： there is no doubt that 毫无疑问…，这是一个同位语从句，从句中又是一个由what引导的名词性从句做主语的主语从句。故选A 。

　　考点：考查名词性从句

　　28． --- What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

　　---The trees _________ well, but I didn’t water them.

　　A. might grow

　　B. must have grown

　　C. would have grown

　　D. would grow

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。would have done表示对过去已发生的事情的推测，表示对过去事情的假设，译为本来会做，但是没有做，must +have +done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句，故排除B,句意：我們上周种的那些新树怎麼樣了？树可能会长的很好吧，但是我沒有去給他們浇过水。故选C。

　　考点：考查虚拟语气。

　　29．______, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.

　　A. Absurd as might it sound

　　B. As it might sound absurd

　　C. As absurd it might sound

　　D. Absurd as it might sound

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】考查倒装。这句话用了倒装句：形容词/副词/动词/名词+as/though+主谓，表示“虽然……”。句意：虽然它听起来荒诞，在场的每个人都被他在非洲的冒险故事逗乐了。故D正确。

　　考点：考查倒装

　　30． — Could you meet me at the airport?

　　— I'd like to，but I'm a fraid I ______ a very important meeting when you return.

　　A. am attending

　　B. was attending

　　C. will be attending

　　D. will have attended

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】考查时态。这句话既表示将来，又表示动作完成了，所以使用将来完成时态。句意：——你能在机场接我吗？——我想去，但是我害怕当你回来的时候，我已经飞到了海南。故C正确。

　　考点：考查时态

　　31．A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

　　A. as

　　B. it

　　C. which

　　D. this

　　【答案】A

　　考点：考查定语从句

　　32． The United Nations says hunger kills more people every year than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis ________.

　　A. combining

　　B. combined

　　C. being combined

　　D. having combined

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】考查过去分词作定语，这里combined作AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis 的定语，是三者的总和， 句意：联合国称每年饿死的人数超过了艾滋病、疟疾和结核病的总和。

　　考点：考查过去分词作定语

　　33．

　　— How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived here？

　　— No more than half a week.

　　A. when

　　B. before

　　C. after

　　D. since

　　【答案】D

　　考点：考查连词

　　34．China made a commitment to the world in the Copenhagen Summit that by 2020, the carbon-intensity of its economy ______ fall 40% to 45%.

　　A. shall

　　B. may

　　C. must

　　D. should

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考察情态动词的用法，shall在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。句意：中国在哥本哈根峰会上向世界承诺,到2020年,其经济的碳强度下降了40%到45%。故选A.

　　考点：考察情态动词的用法。

　　35．--- Do you know what they are whispering about? They look mysterious．

　　--- ________．None of our business．

　　A． I am all ears

　　B． Don’t be a fly on the wall

　　C． Let the cat out of the bag

　　D． The wall has ears．

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意：--你知道他们在说什么吗？，他们看起来很神秘。--不要作墙上的苍蝇。这不关你事。I am all ears我洗耳恭听；Don’t be a fly on the wall不要作墙上的苍蝇（不要偷偷旁观）；let the cat out of the bag．她泄露了秘密；The wall has ears隔墙有耳。故B正确。

　　考点：考查交际用语

　　第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

　　请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Bethany Hamilton, born on February 8, 1990, learned to surf at 7 and began her career as a surfer when she entered her first competition at age 11. _36___ age 13, she was an excellent surfer and well-respected in the _37___ world. Her lifelong _38___ of becoming a professional surfer was _39___ on October 31, 2003, as she was __40__ by a 14-foot tiger shark while surfing off Kauai’s North Shore. She lost her left arm __41__ that did not destroy her _42___. And it just made her stronger

　　“I know I have _43___ important to say. Something that people need to hear—but sometimes they get __44__ caught up in the story part, that they miss the meaning,” says Bethany Hamilton.

　　Bethany has chosen to use her __45__ to become an inspiration and help others to overcome adversity（厄运）, no matter how __46__. She says, “People I don’t even know __47__ me. I guess they __48__ me as a symbol of courage and inspiration. One thing hasn’t changed—and that’s how I feel when I’m __49__ a wave. It’s like, here I am. I’m _50___ here. It’s still me and my board—in God's ocean!”

　　Bethany was presented with a special courage __51__at the 2004 Teen Choice Awards and Best Comeback Awards in 2004 ESPY（卓越体育表现奖）. Bethany __52__ to compete in the most challenging waves in the world and amaze everyone by achieving the __53__. She dominated（支配） the 2005 National Scholastic Surfing Association Nationals Championships, taking first __54__ in the Explorer Women’s division.

　　Her story continues to be told, with Bethany continuingly __55__ to be the best at what ever God calls her to do.

　　36．A. For B. Till C. By D. To

　　37．A. sports B. sailing C. swimming D. surfing

　　38．A. dream B. task C. hope D. interest

　　39．A. damaged B. ruined C. interrupted D. destroyed

　　40．A. killed B. attacked C. shocked D. bitten

　　41．A. for B. and C. but D. so

　　42．A. life B. courage C. ambition D. profession

　　43．A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything

　　44．A. very B. too C. so D. quite

　　45．A. experience B. accident C. suffering D. misfortune

　　46．A. large B. much C. great D. serious

　　47．A. come up with B. live up to C. put up with D. come up to

　　48．A. look B. think C. refer D. see

　　49．A. surfing B. riding C. speeding D. sliding

　　50．A. even B. still C. also D. already

　　61．A. present B. reward C. prize D. award

　　62．A. continues B. begins C. hopes D. tries

　　63．A. unusual B. unfortunate C. unimaginable D. unique

　　64．A. lead B. place C. step D. action

　　65．A. struggling B. determining C. supposing D. winning

　　【答案】36-40．CDACB

　　41-45．CBACA

　　46-50．CDDBB

　　51-55．DACBA

　　37．考查名词辨析。A. sports运动；B. sailing航行；C. swimming 游泳；D. surfing冲浪；句意：到了13岁，她已经在冲浪方面是个优秀的冲浪选手了。根据下方提到Her lifelong ____ of becoming a professional surfer可知选D项。

　　38．考查名词辨析。A. dream梦想；B. task 任务；C. hope希望；D. interest兴趣；句意：成为专业冲浪选手一直是她的梦想，可是这个梦在2003年11月碎了。成为专业冲浪选手是他的梦想，故选A项。

　　39．考查动词辨析。A. damaged破坏；B. ruined毁坏；C. interrupted打断；D. destroyed破坏；句意：成为专业冲浪选手一直是她的梦想，可是这个梦在2003年11月碎了。根据下方提到被鲨鱼咬到，故选C项。

　　40．考查动词辨析。A. killed杀死；B. attacked袭击；C. shocked 震惊；D. bitten咬；句意：因为她被鲨鱼给咬了。根据语境可知被鲨鱼给咬了，故选B项。

　　41．考查连词辨析。A. for为了；B. and并且；C. but 但是； D. so因此；句意：她失去了左臂，但并没有破坏她勇气。两个句子是转折关系，故选C项。

　　42．考查名词辨析。A. life生活；B. courage勇气；C. ambition抱负；D. profession职业；句意：她失去了左臂，但并没有破坏她勇气。根据下文提到And it just made her stronger可知选B项。

　　43．考查不定代词辨析。A. something一些；B. everything一切；C. nothing什么也没有；D. anything任何；我知道我有重要的事要说。根据下方提到Something that people need to hear可知选A项。

　　44．考查副词辨析。A. very非常；B. too 也；C. so因此；D. quite很；句意：但有时候他们不被这个故事所吸引，而理解错我的意思。So …that如此 以致于，故选C项。

　　45．考查名词辨析。A. experience经历；B. accident 事故；C. suffering冲浪；D. misfortune灾难；句意：她选择用他的经历来帮助更多的人来克服厄运，不管有多大的困难。根据上文提到用她的经历，故选A项。

　　46．考查形容词辨析。A. large大的； B. much 大量的； C. great好的；D. serious严重的；句意：她选择用他的经历来帮助更多的人来克服厄运，不管有多大的困难。

　　47．考查动词短语辨析。A. come up with提出；B. live up to不辜负；C. put up with 忍受；D. come up to达到接近；句意：我不认识的人会来接近我。根据下方提到I guess they ____ me as a symbol of courage and inspiration.可知选D项。

　　48．考查动词辨析。A. look 看；B. think认为；C. refer提到； D. see看到；句意：我猜他们把我看作是勇气的象征。See sb as ,,把。。看作，故选D项。

　　49．考查动词辨析。A. surfing冲浪；B. riding骑；C. speeding加速；D. sliding滑行；句意：这就是当我乘着浪时的感觉没有变。

　　52．考查动词辨析。A. continues继续；B. begins开始；C. hopes希望；D. tries尝试；句意：Bethany继续比赛，通过取得的难以想象的成绩令大家吃惊。根据下方提到She dominated（支配） the 2005 National Scholastic Surfing Association Nationals Championships,

　　53．考查形容词辨析。A. unusual 不寻常的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. unimaginable难以想象的；D. unique独一无二的；句意：Bethany继续比赛，通过取得的难以想象的成绩令大家吃惊。

　　54．考查名词辨析。A. lead导致；B. place 地方，位置。；C. step步子；D. action行动；句意：在世界女子比赛中取得第一位置。Take first place 取得第一，故选B项。

　　55．考查动词辨析。A. struggling努力；B. determining决定；C. supposing猜测；D. winning赢得；句意：她的故事继续在讲述，也不断努力地做到最好。with Bethany continuingly struggling 继续努力，考查with的复合结构，故选A项。

　　第三部分　阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Doctor Gibbs. He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known. He never yelled at us for playing in his yard, but was always very kind.

　　When Doctor Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees. He had some interesting theories about planting trees. He believed in the principle:

　　"No pain, no gain". He hardly watered his new trees, an attitude which flew in the face of conventional wisdom.

　　Once I asked why and he told me that watering plants spoiled them because it made them grow weaker. He said you had to make things tough for the trees so that only the strongest could survive. He talked about how watering trees made them develop shallow roots and how, if they were not watered, trees would grow deep roots in search of water.

　　So, instead of watering his trees every morning, he'd beat them with a rolled-up newspaper. I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention.

　　Doctor Gibbs died a couple of years after I left home. Every now and then, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some 25 years ago. They were tall and strong.

　　I planted a couple of trees myself a few years ago. Two years of attending these trees meant they grew up weak. Whenever a cold wind blew, their branches trembled. Adversity seemed to benefit Doctor Gibb's trees in ways comfort and ease never could.

　　Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I often pray that their lives will be easy. But lately I've been thinking that it's time to change my prayer. I know my children are going to encounter hardship. There's always a cold wind blowing somewhere. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won't be torn apart.

　　试题分析：作者通过他的邻居种树的经历来告诉我们对于成长来说有时候困难是必备的。

　　56．With the trees planted, Doctor Gibbs often______.

　　A. kept watering them every morning

　　B. talked to them to get their attention

　　C. paid little attention to them

　　D. beat them to make them grow deep roots

　　56．C 细节理解题，根据文章第二段中的He hardly watered his new trees, an attitude which flew in the face of conventional wisdom.他几乎不给树浇水可以得知很少关注树的成长。故选C。

　　57．What does the underlined word "Adversity" mean in the sixth paragraph?

　　A. Difficult living conditions.

　　B. Lack of moisture.

　　C. Enough care or attention.

　　D. Bad weather.

　　58．Which prayer does the author wish for his sons?

　　A. Have an easy life, without too much to worry about.

　　B. Be able to stand the rain and wind in their lives.

　　C. Have good luck, encountering less hardship in their life.

　　D. Meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.

　　58．B 推理判断题，根据文章最后一段最后一句话What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won't be torn apart. 我们需要深深地扎根在土壤中，只有这样当我们遭遇风吹雨打时，我们才不会被撕裂。说明希望他的儿子能够忍受住生活中的风雨。故选B.

　　B

　　The power of humor and laughter is numerous. They entertain us and make us feel good. But, above all, we have discovered that humor and laughter are the best medicine. They relieve pain, reduce stress and anxiety, and are anti-aging and longevity facilitators.

　　They are extremely necessary for helping us to find and maintain a balance between life and work. However, they are slipping away from us. We have become far too serious. The only ones who still enjoy humor, laughter, fun and play to the fullest are young children. Children tend to laugh an average of 200 times a day. For adults, however, it is a totally different story.

　　In the 1950s people laughed on average 18 times a day. Today, we are lucky if we average between 4-6 times a day.

　　As a matter of fact, a recent study found that people laugh 6 more times in the presence of one person but 30 more times in a group of people. You can get a chuckle(咯咯笑) from jokes you get on the Internet, but it is not the same as belly jiggling laughter (a deep laugh) you get when you interact with others.

　　Socializing with friends and relatives was much looked forward to. However, this is no longer the case. In fact, the majority of people can hardly find time, nor do they have the inclination towards socializing outside home. They turn to electronic media such as television, computers, the Internet, videos, CDs, and audio equipment, which can provide them with instant self-entertainment at the push of a button.

　　The workplace does not fare(进展) much better. Due to the pressures to produce more in the same or fewer hours available and to compete, for example, in a manufacturing field with cheaper labor elsewhere in the world, humor and laughter in the workplace have gradually eroded（逐渐毁坏） away.

　　I have developed a real appreciation, perhaps closer to a strong desire for the power of humor and laughter. This encouraged me to write my first book titled “The Power of Humor” and subsequently my second book titled “Kids Say the Goggonest Things” based on the natural humor, laughter, play and fun that kids experience and they freely share with parents, grandparents and teachers.

　　From writing about humor and laughter, people start to ask me to speak up for them. To date, I have developed a number of humor-laughter topics that I use in my keynote presentations. You are invited to subscribe to my free monthly e-magazine “The Humormeister’s Forum” by clicking on the Free Humor E-zine navigation button on the website.

　　59．According to the author, laughter is leaving us partly because ________.

　　A. we treat everything in a serious way

　　B. it relieves pain, reduces stress and anxiety

　　C. we fail to maintain balance between life and work

　　D. the pace of change in our lives is becoming faster

　　59．A 推理判断题：根据第二段中“ We have become far too serious.”我们变得太严肃了。选项中“我们以一种很严肃的方式对待事物”符合语意。故选A。

　　60．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that ________.

　　A. getting a deep laugh nowadays is difficult

　　B. we can entertain ourselves with the help of the Internet

　　C. people laugh more heartily when spending time with others

　　D. researchers have made a new discovery about the effect of laughter

　　60．C 推理判断题：文章第四段内容a recent study found that people laugh 6 more times in the presence of one person but 30 more times in a group of people.可知人们在聊天互动中笑的次数更多，更发自内心地笑。四选项中只有C项“人们在与其他人在一起时笑得更发自内心”。故选B。

　　61．The underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 5 most probably means “________”.

　　A. destination

　　B. tendency

　　C. attitude

　　D. approach

　　62．Which of the following articles can we most probably find in “The Humormeister's Forum”?

　　A. The power of honesty.

　　B. Don't be your own worst enemy.

　　C. Live life purposefully: The relationship within.

　　D. Funny Christmas stories to share with your loved ones.

　　62．D推理判断题：根据文章最后一句内容You are invited to subscribe to my free monthly e-magazine “The Humormeister's Forum” by clicking on the Free Humor E-zine navigation button on the website.可知坐着的文章可在幽默电子杂志上找到，故只有D项符合。故选D。

　　C

　　While residents of wealthy nations tend to have greater life satisfaction, new research shows that those living in poorer nations report having greater meaning in life.

　　These findings, published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological science, suggest that meaning in life may be higher in poorer nations as a result of greater religiosity (笃信宗教). As countries become richer, religion becomes less central to people’s lives and they lose a sense of meaning in life.

　　“Thus far, the wealth of nations has been almost always associated with longevity, health, happiness or life satisfaction,” explains psychological scientist Shigehiro Oishi of the University of Virginia. “Given that meaning in life is an important aspect of overall well-being, we wanted to look more carefully at differential patterns, correlates (相关物), and predictors for meaning in life.”

　　Oishi and colleague Ed Diener of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign investigated life satisfaction, meaning, and well-being by examining data from the 2007 Gallup World Poll, a large-scale survey of over 140,000 participants from 132 countries. In addition to answering a basic life satisfaction question, participants were asked: “Do you feel your life has an important purpose or meaning?” and “Is religion an important part of your daily life?”

　　The data revealed some unexpected trends:

　　“Among Americans, those who are high in life satisfaction are also high in meaning in life,” says Oishi. “But when we looked at the societal level of analysis, we found a completely different pattern of the association between meaning in life and life satisfaction.”

　　When looking across many countries, Oishi and Diener found that people in wealthier nations were more educated, had fewer children, and expressed more individualistic attitudes compared to those in poorer countries – all factors that were associated with higher life satisfaction but a significantly lower sense of meaning in life.”

　　The data suggest that religiosity may play an important role: Residents of wealthier nations, where religiosity is lower, reported less meaning in life and had higher suicide rates than poorer countries.

　　According to the researchers, religion may provide meaning to life to the extent that it helps people to overcome personal difficulty and cope with the struggles of working to survive in poor economic conditions:

　　“Religion gives a system that connects daily experiences with the coherent whole (连贯的整体) and a general structure to one’s life … and plays a critical role in constructing meaning out of extreme hardship,” the researchers write.

　　Oishi and Diener hope to reproduce these findings using more comprehensive measures of meaning and religiosity, and are interested in following countries over time to track whether economic prosperity gives rise to less religiosity and less meaning in life.

　　试题分析：本文主要讲述新的研究解释，为什么贫穷国家的居民过得更有意义的生活。

　　63．Which of the following questions couldn’t the participants have answered?

　　A. Does your life have a purpose or meaning?

　　B. Do you have relatives living abroad?

　　C. Are you satisfied with your everyday life?

　　D. Is religion involved in your daily life?

　　63．B细节理解题。从文章第四段的句子In addition to answering a basic life satisfaction question, participants were asked: “Do you feel your life has an important purpose or meaning?” and “Is religion an important part of your daily life?”可知B不符合选择项，选B。

　　64．Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Those who have higher life satisfaction usually have lower sense of meaning in life.

　　B. People in wealthier nations were more educated, have fewer children and express less individualistic attitudes compared to those in poorer countries.

　　C. Religion may provide meaning to life in that people can get strong support from it in face of hardship.

　　D. Wealthy people are more likely to commit suicide than poor people.

　　64．C细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段：Religion gives a system that connects daily experiences with the coherent whole (连贯的整体) and a general structure to one’s life … and plays a critical role in constructing meaning out of extreme hardship可知宗教的影响，选C。

　　65．What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A. The poorer a country is, the more religious its people are.

　　B. Economic prosperity gives rise to less religiosity and less meaning in life.

　　C. If you want to find meaning in life, you must practice a religion.

　　D. Meaning in life doesn’t have much to do with the amount of wealth one possesses.

　　66．The main purpose of the passage is to explain the possible reason why __________.

　　A. greater life satisfaction leads to lower sense of meaning

　　B. residents of poorer nations enjoy greater meaning in life

　　C. residents of poorer nations are so religious

　　D. residents of wealthy nations have greater life satisfaction

　　66．B推理判断题。根据文章第一段While residents of wealthy nations tend to have greater life satisfaction, new research shows that those living in poorer nations report having greater meaning in life.可知文章的主要目的是解释为什么贫穷国家的居民过得更有意义的生活。选B。

　　D

　　British writer John Bunyan was born at Elstow, Bedfordshire, England, in November, 1628. His father was a maker and mender of pots and kettles, and the son followed the same trade. Though he is usually called a tinker, Bunyan had a settled home and place of business. He had little schooling, and he describes his early surroundings as poor and mean. He became much interested in religions, but it was only after a tremendous spiritual conflict, lasting three or four years, that he found peace. His struggles are related with extraordinary vividness and intensity in his “Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners.” His writing began with a controversy against the Quakers (教友派), and shows from the first the command of a homely but vigorous style.

　　Like most working men at the time, Bunyan had a deep hatred for the corrupted, hypocritical rich who accumulated their wealth “by hook and by crook.” As a stout Puritan(清教徒), he had made a conscientious study of the Bible and firmly believed in salvation (拯救) through spiritual struggle.

　　Bunyan’s style was modeled after that of the English Bible. With his concrete and living language and carefully observed and vividly presented details, he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his characters.

　　Bunyan’s works include Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (1666), The Life and Death of Mr. Badman (1680), The Holy War (1682) and The Pilgrim’s Progress (1684).

　　The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most successful religious allegory (寓言) in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to observe Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggle with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils. It is not only about something spiritual but also bears much relevance to the time. Its predominant metaphor — life as a journey — is simple and familiar. The objects that Christian meets are homely and commonplace, and the scenes presented are typical English ones, but throughout the allegory a spiritual significance is added to the commonplace details. Here the strange is combined with the familiar and the trivial joined to the divine, and, a rich imagination and a natural talent for storytelling also contribute to the success of the work which is at once entertaining and morally instructive.

　　“The Vanity Fair,” is an excerpt from The Pilgrim’s Progress. The story starts with a dream in which the author sees Christian the Pilgrim, with a heavy burden on his back, reading the Bible. When he learns from the book that the city in which he and his family live shall be burnt down in a fire, Christian tries to convince his family and his neighbors of the oncoming disaster and asks them to go with him in search of salvation, but most of them simply ignore him. So he starts off with a friend, Pliable. Pliable turns back after they stumble into a pit, the Slough of Despond. Christian struggles on by himself. Then he is misled by Mr. Wordly Wiseman and is brought back onto the right road by Mr. Evangelist. There he joins Faithful, a neighbor who has set out later but has made better progress. The two go on together through many adventures, including the great struggle with Apollyon, who claims them to be his subjects and refuse to accept their allegiance to God. After many other adventures they come to the Vanity Fair where both are arrested as alien agitators. They are tried and Faithful is condemned to death. Christian, however manages to escape and goes on his way, assisted by a new friend, Hopeful. Tired of the hard journey, they are tempted to take pleasant path and are then captured by Giant Despair. Finally they get away and reach the Celestial City, where they enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed.

　　试题分析：文章大意：文章介绍了英国作家John Bunyan的生平，他的写作风格和他的作品的梗概。

　　67．According to the passage, Bunyan hated the rich people mainly because ______.

　　A. his father was making and mending pots and kettles

　　B. Bunyan had poor and mean early surroundings

　　C. the rich usually got their wealth in dishonest ways

　　D. Bunyan studied the Bible to save the human souls

　　68．What are the main characteristics of Bunyan’s works?

　　① The languages are concrete and living.

　　② The stories are carefully and vividly described.

　　③ The plots are romantic and twisting.

　　④ The works are easy to understand.

　　A. ①②③

　　B. ②③④

　　C. ①③④

　　D.①②④

　　68．D细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子：With his concrete and living language and carefully observed and vividly presented details, he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel and to relive the experience of his characters.可知Bunyan 的作品的特点是：语言具体生动，故事描写很仔细生动，作品很容易理解，选D。

　　69．John Bunyan wrote the book The Pilgrim’s Progress in order to ______.

　　A. advise people to obey religious principles for salvation

　　B. add spiritual significance to the commonplace details

　　C. to combine the strange things with the familiar things

　　D. tell people that life is a simple and familiar journey

　　70．What moral does the story of the last paragraph convey to us?

　　A. Any imaginable things might happen in a pilgrim’s dream.

　　B. Christian the Pilgrim likes reading the Bible with a burden.

　　C. People can enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed.

　　D. People can struggle against weaknesses and evils for salvation

　　70．D推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子：Finally they got away and reach the Celestial City, where they enjoy eternal life in the fellowship of the blessed.可知这段提到的故事“The Vanity Fair,”的寓意是人们可以为了拯救和虚弱和邪恶作斗争。选D。

　　第II卷（两部分, 共35分）

　　第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

　　请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词。

　　Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch．Sometimes they hold you up and sometimes they lean on you．Sometimes it's just enough to know they're standing by．Friendship doubles your joy and divides your grief．A friendship is priceless and should be cultivated．

　　●Remembering the golden rule

　　Without a doubt, the greatest human relations principle is to treat other people like you want to be treated． When you show respect for your friends and gratitude for their friendship, you'll be blessed in untold ways．

　　You can't know what has gone on in the rude person's life that day, but you can assume that his or her day hasn't gone well．Maybe a loved one lost his job, her boss reprimanded her unjustly, he's coming down with the flu, or she just found out that her teenager is taking drugs．

　　Whatever the cause of the rudeness, you don't have to accentuate(突出) the problem．A kind word or a gentle, understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would．

　　● Considering foes as friends

　　A friend looks after your own good． On the other hand, a foe is someone who isn't interested in your well-being．

　　Yet some students view their teachers as enemies．However, a student's success in school partly depends on the teacher's effectiveness in the classroom．Instead of being an enemy, a teacher who corrects you and helps you to achieve can be the best friend you ever had．

　　This kind of thinking, along with a little attitude adjustment, helps you to convert foes to friends, and both of you are better off．

　　● Making friends by being an optimist

　　Do you enjoy being around a pessimist, someone who is generally described as being able to brighten up a room just by leaving it? The answer is obvious．Most people prefer to be around people who believe that tomorrow is going to be better than today, rather than people who believe that today is even worse than yesterday．

　　● Capturing the pleasing personality

　　How do you develop a pleasing personality? Here are some steps you can take:

　　Smile when you see someone．You don't have to give a wide grin — just a pleasant, friendly smile．

　　Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice．Talk to people as if they are good friends, even if they don't really fall into that category yet．

　　Take a course in public speaking．The ability to express yourself attracts favorable attention from many sources．

　　Develop a sense of humor．Pick up a couple of joke books．This makes you a little more outgoing and friendly．

　　● Don't criticize unjustly

　　Instead of being eager to dish out criticism all the time, take the humane and sensible approach．Look for the good in others．Encourage them．Build them up．

　　Most people seldom think through each situation completely and consider the other person's point of view．If you take the time and effort to do this, you'll end up befriending more people．

　　Title:

　　Five ways to cultivate friendship

　　Passage outline Supporting details

　　Introduction to friendship Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch. Sometimes friends share each other’s 71．and sorrow.

　　72．Of cultivating friendship Remembering the gold rule

　　Treat others like you want to be treated. Don’t have to accentuate the problem even though they are 73．to you, because sometimes a gentle understanding 74．is better than a rude behavior.

　　Considering foes as friends75．on foes as friends makes you and your friends better off.

　　Making friends by being an optimist.

　　Most people have the 76．for being around the ones who are optimistic.

　　Capturing the pleasing personality

　　Give a 77．and friendly smile.

　　Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice.

　　Take a course about speaking 78．.

　　Develop a sense of humor.

　　Don’t criticize unjustly

　　79．criticizing others

　　Look for the good in others.

　　Conclusion Make an effort to do this and you’ll 80．more friends in the end.

　　【答案】

　　71．Ways

　　72．joy(s)/ happiness

　　73．rude

　　74．smile

　　75．Look

　　76．preference

　　77．pleasant

　　78．publicly

　　79．Avoid

　　80．make

　　74．从第四段的句子：A kind word or a gentle, understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would． 可知比起同样粗鲁的行为，用一句友好的问候、一个善解人意的笑容作为回应，更能帮助他们，所以填smile。

　　77．从倒数第五段的句子：Smile when you see someone．You don‘t have to give a wide grin — just a pleasant, friendly smile．你不需要哈哈大笑，只需要一个愉悦友好的微笑。填pleasant。

　　78．从倒数第四段的句子;Take a course in public speaking．可知要进修公共演讲课程。public改成publicly。

　　79．从倒数第二段的句子：Instead of being eager to dish out criticism all the time, take the humane and sensible approach．可知避免将你对朋友的批评一股脑儿倒出来，填Avoid。

　　80．从倒数第二段的句子：If you take the time and effort to do this, you"ll end up befriending more people．可知如果你花点时间和精力去做到这一点，你就会有更多的朋友。Befriend="make" friends。

　　第五部分 书面表达 (满分25分)

　　When we get some money as a gift, how to deal with the money becomes a problem we must face. From my perspective, the answers are diverse in different periods. However, no matter how you deal with the money, the most important thing is to use it wisely.

　　In my childhood, when the cartoons about the car race extremely attracted me, I would use the money I received to buy toy cars. But when I entered the school, toys could not attract me. In this period, the things I wanted most were some electronic products. I always hurried to buy the up-to-date mobile phone immediately I received money as a gift.

　　Now I have got a job, the things above me not important for me. I do not need some useless things or something I have already had. Probably, saving money in the bank is my best choice.

　　In conclusion, if I receive a sum of money, in different periods I may have different choices. Whatever I choose to do with the gift of money, it must make me feel happy.

　　[写作内容]

　　1. 用约 30 个单词概括上文的主要内容;

　　2. 用约 120 个单词就“收到零用钱为礼物”发表你的观点，内容包括:

　　(1)你怎么看待以钱作为礼物；

　　(2)收到钱时，你怎么处理它；

　　(3)你认为青少年用钱时需要注意什么。

　　[写作要求]

　　1. 可使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子;

　　2. 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句;

　　3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

　　4. 不必写标题。

　　[评分标准]

　　内容完整,语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

　　【答案】

　　The way the author deals with money as a gift changes over time. In the past he would use it to buy toy cars or mobile phones but now he chooses to save it in the bank.

　　Money is always the last thing I would consider as a present. Instead, I prefer to send such gifts as a purse or a pen so that the receivers can use them every day, which is a good way to recall the sincere friendship between us.

　　When I receive money as a gift, I will put it away, for I intend to travel to France next summer. Besides, I've decided to donate a small portion of the money to poor children so that they can have a chance to study like me.

　　It is important for teenagers to develop the ability to handle money. First, as teenagers, we should have a plan rather than use money without control. What’s more, we can use the money to help others, because as the saying goes, to give is better than to receive.

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：本文是一篇读写任务类作文，请你用约 30 个单词概括上文的主要内容;用约 120 个单词就“收到零用钱为礼物”发表你的观点，内容包括:(1)你怎么看待以钱作为礼物；(2)收到钱时，你怎么处理它；(3)你认为青少年用钱时需要注意什么。 写作时要注意审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用。审好题会让我们做到“磨刀不误砍柴工”。本文是一篇合格的书面表达。用了较多加分的句子，例如： I’ve decided to donate a small portion of the money to poor children so that they can have a chance to study like me是一个so that引导的目的状语从句，再如： First,

　　What’s more让文章条理更加清晰。

　　考点：考查读写任务类作文

　　听力材料：

　　Text 1

　　M: Hello.

　　Can I see Doctor Li some time tomorrow?

　　W: Sorry, He will be too busy tomorrow.

　　But you can meet him this weekend.

　　Text 2

　　M: How much gas would you like, sir?

　　W: 20 liters.

　　Here’s the money.

　　M: Ok, wait a moment please.

　　Text 3

　　M: Have you heard the news that Mrs.

　　Smith will be appointed as our head?

　　W: You’re joking! She is an assistant.

　　Text 4

　　M: Does Shanghai rain a lot in summer?

　　W: Oh yes! Sometimes it rains very heavily.

　　How about here in Beijing?

　　M: There’s a lot of rain in summer.

　　But it seldom rains in Autumn.

　　Text 5

　　M: How much are these T-shirts

　　W: They are thirteen dollars each.

　　Text 6

　　M: Whenever I come to visit, David is always watching TV.

　　W: You’re right.

　　He likes watching the soccer games in particular.

　　M: Oh, I see. But I like watching news better.

　　W: When a soccer game comes, he doesn’t even eat or sleep.

　　M: My brother is the same way.

　　He likes watching soccer so much that it’s almost like a lover!

　　W: I can’t understand why they’re so crazy about soccer.

　　Text 7

　　M: Can you show me some sweaters, please?

　　W: Certainly, sir.

　　We have a large variety over here. Do you like any of these?

　　M: That blue one there is very nice.

　　How much is it?

　　W: It’s a hundred and sixty-nine dollars.

　　M: That’s more than I want to spend.

　　Do you have anything less expensive?

　　W: Certainly, sir.

　　What price range do you have in mind?

　　M: I’d like to stay under a hundred dollars.

　　W: In that case, I strongly recommend this red one.

　　It’s just five dollars over your limit and is worth every penny of it.

　　M: OK.

　　I’ll take it.

　　Text 8

　　M: I need to find a job.

　　If I don’t, I won’t be able to stay here next semester.

　　W: Have you tried university part-time jobs? The university often hires foreign students for part-time positions.

　　M: Yes, I know.

　　I tried that.

　　They don’t have a part-time job now.

　　So what can I do?

　　W: Anyway, there must be some solution.

　　Since you’re Chinese, maybe you can find part-time work in Chinatown.

　　M: I already had that idea.

　　W: Well, why don’t you go and look down there? It may be part-time work as a waiter or something.

　　M: Maybe.

　　I don’t know what I would do.

　　W: I will ask my friends for you.

　　Maybe someone knows a company that needs part-time people. Ask all your friends to ask around for you.

　　You might find something.

　　M: I have to find something.

　　Otherwise I have to go back to Taiwan.

　　Text 9

　　M: Excuse me. ?

　　W: Yes. Can I help you?

　　M: Do you remember me? I just had lunch here a half hour ago.

　　W: Of course I remember you.

　　M: I think I lost my wallet here.

　　W: Oh, no. But I didn’t see anything.

　　M: Hmm…

　　I don’t know how it could have happened.

　　W: I remember, sir, that your friend took the bill.

　　Then are you sure you took your wallet out of your pocket while you were here?

　　M: No, I’m not sure.

　　But I usually take out my wallet when I sit down.

　　W: Maybe you lost it before you came here.

　　Or maybe you left it at home.

　　M: But what should I do?

　　W: Well, the first thing you should do is to make sure it’s not at home.

　　Then, if it isn’t, you need to call your credit card companies and cancel your cards.

　　M: Thanks for your help.

　　Text 10

　　M: Are you familiar with the culture of afternoon tea? Let’s sum up a few things you need to know about this traditional English custom.

　　While the tradition of drinking tea dates back to more than 3,000 BC in China, it was not until the mid 17th century that the concept of “afternoon tea” first appeared in the UK. In 1840, Anna Maria Russell, started asking for a tea tray with butter, bread and cakes at 4 pm every day, as she found she was hungry at this time and the evening meal was served late at 8 pm.

　　Traditional afternoon tea, which is typically served between 4 pm and 6 pm, is technically a small meal, not a drink.

　　It consists of a selection of sandwiches and fruit jam and cakes.

　　Of course, tea or coffee, served with milk and sugar, is also provided.

　　　Then, here is the etiquette of afternoon tea.

　　1.

　　When you drink your tea, take small sips rather than “glugging” it down.

　　The actual drinking of tea can take place throughout the “meal”.

　　2.

　　Similarly, the food served should be eaten in a restrained fashion as well.

　　Sandwiches are eaten first, followed by the sweet snacks, such as cakes, pastries and scones.

　　3.

　　If you take milk with your tea, pour the tea first and then add milk.