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2016届高考英语考前必做黄金易错点:专题11 特殊句式(强调、倒装及其他)(专题)(解析版)

发布时间:2017-03-09  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  专题11

  特殊句式(强调、倒装及其他)

  【易错雷区,步步为赢】

  1. Kate,run a bit faster,______you can catch up with all of your classmates.

  A.so

  B.and

  C.but

  D.or

  答案 B

  2.________,so he didn't come to school last week.

  A.Though he was ill

  B.Being ill

  C.Having been ill

  D.He was ill

  解析 考查并列句的用法。句意:他生病了,所以他上周没能来上学。因为这里有并列连词so,所以逗号前的句子不需要连词,故排除A,既然前后是并列句所以逗号前也必须是句子,选项B、C是非谓语动词,故排除它们,故选D项。

  答案 D

  3. He had to sell his luxury car,________his company was in debt.

  A.before

  B.until

  C.while

  D.for

  解析 考查并列句的用法。句意:他不得不卖掉自己的豪华车,因为他的公司负债了。A(从属连词)在……之前;B(从属连词)直到;C(从属连词)当……时,尽管,(并列连词)然而;D(并列连词)因为,对前一分句起补充说明作用。此题前一分句说“他不得不卖掉自己的豪华车”,“后一分句补充说明他卖车的原因是他的公司负债”,故选D项。

  答案 D

  4.________for his action on the playing field ,but he is also famous for the things that he does off the playing field.

  A.Not he is only known

  B.Not only is he known

  C.Only is he known not

  D.He is only not known

  解析 考查倒装句。句意:他不仅因为在球场的行动著名,还因为在球场以外的事情著名。可知句中使用了not only...but also 连接两个句子。not only 位于句首时,not only 部分的主谓要进行部分倒装,故选B项。

  答案 B

  5.Relax yourself every day,________you'll be too tired to get good grades.

  A.and

  B.or

  C.for

  D.but

  解析 考查并列句的用法。本题中含有特殊句式:祈使句+连词+陈述句=If引导的条件句+主句。这个句型进一步转换成:名词短语+连词+陈述句。如果原句中的连词是and,那么可以转换成一个肯定的条件句;如果原句中的连词是or,可以转换成一个否定的祈使句。本句相当于:If you don't relax yourself every day,you'll be too tired to get good grades.故选B项。

  答案 B

  6. Reality is not the way you wish things to be,nor the way they appear to be,________the way they actually are.

  A.as

  B.or

  C.but

  D.and

  答案 C

  7.No sooner ________at the airport than she was surrounded by many reporters.

  A.has the star arrived B.the star has arrived

  C.the star had arrived D.had the star arrived

  解析 考查特殊句式中的倒装。no sooner...than...一……就……,引导时间状语从句,no sooner放句首,用部分倒装,排除B、C;根据was可知,用过去完成时,排除A。故选D项。

  答案 D

  8. ________,Guo Mingyi makes his effort to help those in poverty.

  A.Not rich although he is

  B.In spite of not rich

  C.Though not rich

  D.As he is not rich

  解析 考查状语从句的省略。句意:虽然不富有,但是郭明义努力帮助那些贫穷的人。A项错在although不能用于倒装句,B项错在in spite of后面接名词或动名词,D项错在as表示让步含义,需要用倒装句,C项是省略的表达,完整的是though he is not rich,主从句的主语一致的时候,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,选C项。

  答案 C

  9. The door opened and there________.

  A.entering our English teacher

  B.entered our English teacher

  C.did our English teacher enter

  D.our English teacher entered

  答案 B

  10. Not until he failed in the last examination ________he should have spent more time on study.

  A.did he realize B.he realized

  C.did he not realize

  D.he didn't realize

  解析 考查倒装句。句意:直到他在最后一次考试中失利,他才意识到他应该在学习上多花些时间。not until引导时间状语从句置于句首,后面的主句用部分倒装,前面是not until,后面是肯定句,选A项。

  答案 A【名师点睛,易错起源】

  易错起源1、强调句的正确运用

  例1.【2015·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

  A. which B. that C. where D. how

  【答案】B

  【解析】根据分析:此句是It was…开头且去掉It was,when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子,故判断此句是一个强调句,强调when we were returning home;强调句常用句型:It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)… 。句意:正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。

  It was on september 1 st

  he became a member of our school.

  A. when

  B. that

  C. /

  D. till

  【错误解答】

  A

  【错解分析】 本句实际上是一个强调句, 强调的部分是on september 1st,若去掉It was…taht后,该句仍然成立。

  【正确解答】

  B

  【名师点睛】

  使用强调句时,应该注意如下几点:

  1.强调状语:It is tomorrow that will hold the meeting.(that不能换成when)

  It was on the sports ground that I found (that 不能换成where)

  2.强调含有not...util...一结构的句子时,要用 It is/was not until...that...结构。that后的句子要 用肯定句,且须用陈述语序。

  3.强调句和主语从句句型(指 “It+be+adj./n.+that从句”类型)的异同点:二者均有 It be ... that/who...之类的语言标志。所不同的是:

  (1)含有主语从句的句子译为汉语时不可加上“正是……”或“就是……”之类的字眼,而强调则可以。

  (2)含有主语从句的句子若删掉 It be...that/who...则原句不论结构还是语意均不成立,而强调句去掉结构标志仍然成立。如:It is ture that he once went to to Canada.(不可以去掉 It is及that,否则原句不成立)

  It

  was on December 11,典型例题at China became a member of WTO.(去掉was及that后原句仍然成立)

  【锦囊妙计,战胜自我】

  1.含有定语从句的强调句型:仔细分析出at或 who在句中的作用,若that或who可有可无(结合it be来分析),则为强调句,否则是定语从句。如:

  It was in the lab that was set up by Mr.Smith that they finshed the experiment.(lab后的出at不可省略,因为出at引导定语从句,作该句的主语。句中第二个,that才是强调句的标志。) 2.强调谓语时用“do/does/did+动词原形”。如:

  He did come yesterday.他昨天的确来了。

  易错起源2、倒装句的正确运用

  例2.【2015·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.

  A. she realized

  B. has she realized

  C. she has realized

  D. did she realize

  【答案】D

  【解析】句意:只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。本题考查only位于句首,引导的时间状语从句,主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。

  They have a good knowledge of English but little they know about German.

  A. have

  B. did

  C. had

  D. do

  【错误解答】

  A

  【错解分析】 本题中后一分句是从little开头,因此是个倒装句,又由于该句明显是一般现在时,故用do.

  【正确解答】

  D

  【名师点睛】

  在下列情况下,句子要完全倒装:

  1.在there,here 引导的句子中,谓语是be;exist 等表示状态的词。如:Hereisaseatforyou.Tom.

  There stands a building on;the top of the mountain

  2.在语气词there,here开头的句子中,谓语是 come,be等。

  如:There goes the bell!铃响了!

  Here comes your husband.你丈夫来了。

  There you go again你又来这一套。

  3.由副词now,then,thus 引导的句子中,谓语是 come,begin,be

  如: Now comes your turn.

  Thus ended the meeting.

  4.在 in, out up, over, back等作状语置于句首时,谓语动词是 come, go, rush, run 等的句子里。

  如:Up and up the prices

  Off went the horses

  5.地点状语提前,谓语是 be ,stand,lie 的句子中

  如:In front of the door stood a boy.

  On the ground lay a sick dog.

  A. 在疑问句里。

  Do you have an English class every day?

  What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?

  在特殊疑问句里,如果疑问词作主语,则不用倒装。

  Who is in the next room?谁在隔壁房间?

  What makes you so angry? 什么使你这么生气?

  B.在以so 开头表示“也一样”,和以nor或neither开关表示“也不一样”的句子里。

  I get up at seven and so does my brother.

  He didn’t do it and neither did I.

  C.在以 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, barely , rarely, nowhere, by no means, hot until, hardly (scarcely)... when ,no sooner... than 等否定或半否定意义的词位于句首表示强调的句子里。

  Never before have I met him.我以前从未见过他。

  Seldom did the boy icad newspapers.这个孩子以前很少读报。

  Little do I dream of seeing wonderful seenery.我梦想不到会看到这样神奇的景色。

  Not until midnight did it stop raining.雨一直下到半夜才停。

  Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. 他一进屋就开始下雨了。

  No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to wrok.他们一进工厂就开始工作。

  易错起源3、反意疑问句的用法

  例3.(2017重庆卷 )10.— I spent two weeks in London last summer.

  —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay._____ you?

  A. mustn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. hadn’t

  【答案】C

  There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,

  ?

  A. didn’t they

  B. don’t they

  C. mustn’t they

  D. haven’t they

  【错误解答】 A

  【错解分析】 考生误认为是对过去情况的推测,故用“助动词”加主语的形式。本题实际上是考查must have done反意疑问句的用法。must have done表示到目前为止的情况,其反意疑问部分要用“haven’t + 主语”的形式;若句中有明确的时间状语,则用“didn’t + 主语。”

  【正确解答】 D

  【名师点睛】

  使用反意疑问句时,应注意下列问题:

  1.陈述部分包含有no,never,hardly,little等含有否定意义的词时,附加问句用肯定形式(但不包括带有否定意义的前后缀的词,如dislike,unfair等)。

  2.陈述句和附加问句的情态动词或助动词一般要保持一致,但也有特殊情况:

  (1)used to(过去常常)—usedn’t(或didn’t);

  (2)have(拥有)—haven’t(或don’t);have(进行某-动作)—don’t; have(构成完成时态)—haven’t;have to(不得不)—don’t;

  (3)ought to(应该)—oughtn’t;

  (4)must(必须)—mustn’t must(必要)— needn’t; must be(表示猜测)—be;must have done (对过去某一时间的事情推测)—don’t;must have done(对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)—haven’t;must not(表示禁止)—may。

  3.陈述句的主语为名词或代词时,附加问句的主语为相应的人称代词;陈述句的主语为指示代词 this、that、不定代词nothing、不定式、动名词或从句时,附加问句的主语为小陈述句主语为指示代词 these、those、不定代词nobody、everbody、somebody等时,附加问句用they.

  4.陈述部分若为“I/We don’t think(believe imagine,suppose,expect...) + 宾语从句”时,附加问句的谓语动词和主语应和宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致,且用肯定式。但当陈述部分的主语不是 I/We时,附加问句的构成同普通的反意疑问句。

  5.含有强调句型的反意疑问句中,附加问句的主语代词永远是it.如:

  It was last year that you graduated, wasn’t it?

  易错起源4、省略句的用法

  例4.(2017天津卷)________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

  A. Did he catch

  B. should be catch

  C. has he caught

  D. Had he caught

  【答案】D

  【解析】本题实际上是一个条件状语从句的虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反。条件句中使用“过去完成式”,主句使用“情态动词+have done”;当条件句中的if省略的时候,要把had提前形成部分倒装。句义:如果他赶上了早班火车,他就不会开会迟到了。故D正确

  【变式探究】The old tower must be saved,

  __ the cost.

  A. however

  B. whatever

  C. whichever

  D. wherever

  【错误解答】A

  【错解分析】本题考查连词和省略句,补全句子后为“what ever the cost is”,此时答案一目了然。

  【正确解答】B

  【名师点睛】

  在英语中,下列情况下一般可以用省略:

  A.祈使句一般省略主语

  (You) Don’t touch this knob.请不要随便碰这个把手

  (You) Come in,please! 请进来

  (You) Be quiet !安静

  B. 某些句子结构省略谓语

  She gets up earlier than I ( get up) every day.她每天起床比我早。

  ( Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想见什么人吗?

  I like music and he (likes) sports. 我喜欢音乐,他喜欢体育。

  C.部分问句常省略主语、谓语

  Why not?为什么不呢?

  Why?为什么?

  Right? 对吗?

  What? 什么?

  Anything you want?你想要什么?

  D. 疑问句省略回答

  —Are these your friends? 这些人是你的朋友吗?

  —Yes ,they are (my friends). 是的,他们是。

  E.并列的不定式可以省略后面一个不定式的to 如: The book is intend to be read and not(to be) torn.

  这本书是供人读的而不是供人撕毁的

  F.宾语从句中常用so,not或其他来代替宾从句

  如:①—Do you think she is a singer?

  —Yes, I think so.

  ②—Shall I have a test next week?

  —I hope not.

  【锦囊妙计,战胜自我】

  1.定语从句的省略

  The car (which)you told about is here .你说过的那辆汽车在这里。

  Do you know the man(who is)speaking to you?你认识和你讲话的那个人吗?

  The people(who)you were talking to are Japanese.你与之谈话的那些人是日本人。

  2.状语从句的省略

  在When,while,if,as if,though,as,whether等连词引导的状语从句中,如果谓语有be,而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时,则从句的主语和be常常省略。

  When(I was)in Japan,I took many beautiful pictures. 在日本,我拍了许多漂亮的照片。

  You should notes when (it is)necessary.必要时你应该记笔记。

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