2017届河南省信阳市罗山县高考英语阅读理解一轮精编：3（含解析）

　　河南罗山县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮精编题

　　2016高考训练题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。If the earth's population is in growth at this rate , there will not be enough resources. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on the earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.

　　Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as the earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.

　　Sagan proposes that algae organisms(海藻有机体) that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen, should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.

　　When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.

　　1.In the long run, the most difficult problem caused by population growth on the earth will probably be the lack of ______.

　　A. oil

　　B. food

　　C. resources

　　D. space　

　　.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be a living place because _____

　　A. the days on Venus are long enough

　　B. it might be possible to change its atmosphere

　　C. there is a good supply of water on Venus

　　D. its atmosphere is the same as the earth's

　　3.Algae are plants that can____.

　　A. live in very hot temperature

　　　 B. live in very cold temperature

　　C. produce oxygen

　　D. all of the above

　　4. Man can land on Venus only when_______.

　　A. it rains there

　　B. there is oxygen

　　C. the atmosphere becomes cooler

　　D. the algae have done their work

　　参考答案1—4、DBDA

　　阅读理解。

　　If you don’t want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret, according to a British market research document released last week.

　　Researchers peered (凝视) into the fridges of 400 people in Britain and compared the contents with the owners’ lifestyles. They claim to be able to classify the nation’s people by fridge contents.

　　They say those people can be separated into five categories：nutrition nerds (no social sense), food faddiest (whatever’s in style), martyr mums, fast food fanatics and restaurant regulars.

　　Nutrition nerds care much about what they put into their bodies. Their fridges are stocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat.

　　People in this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law or accountancy. The vast majority is single, but if they have a partner, that person will be similar.

　　A fridge full of vitamins — enriched juices implies its owner works in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foods they buy. Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.

　　A fridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the martyr mum. Her fridge tends to be stocked with every kind of product, except what she herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family and work life.

　　Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hard and plays hard, also, someone who is not into long term planning.

　　Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants.

　　【文章大意】本文叙述了冰箱里放的食物会展示出主人的性格和生活方式。研究人员调查表明根据冰箱里的食物能展示出五类人：营养型，食物时尚型，全职妈妈型，快餐型和餐馆型。

　　26. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?

　　A. Some researchers are fond of staring at other people’s fridges.

　　B. People don’t want others to know about their secrets.

　　C. The food you put in the fridge has something to do with your personality.

　　D. There are mainly five kinds of lifestyles among British people.

　　【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据They claim to be able to classify the nation’s people by fridge contents.可知研究人员能够根据冰箱里放的食物来判断主人的性格和生活方式。故选C。

　　27. According to the passage, people who belong to food faddiest_________.

　　A. don’t care much about money when buying things

　　B. will try their best to stay healthy

　　C. often stay up late to finish their job

　　D. prefer to ask others about what to do next

　　【答案】A

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.可知食物时尚家们只是让人看到他们买最新的重要的食物，但是他们不吃，因此可推断他们买东西是不在乎钱。故选A。

　　28. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. “Nutrition nerds” are always organized and successful in their jobs.

　　B. “Food faddists” like to stock their fridges with all kinds of vitamins.

　　C. “Martyr mums” care themselves more than others.

　　D. “Fast food fanatics” usually do not stock their fridges with fresh fruit.

　　【答案】D

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce.可知热爱快餐的人冰箱了存放的是矿泉水或苏打水，他们一般吃番茄酱而不是新鲜的水果，因此推断他们经常在冰箱里不储存水果。故选D。

　　29. What will those who often dine out put in the fridge?

　　A. All kinds of food they like.

　　B. Only something to drink.

　　C. Fruit, vegetables and meat.

　　D. Food rich in vitamins.

　　【答案】B

　　【 解析】细节理解题。根据Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants.可知经常出去吃饭的人冰箱里只存放一些白酒和矿泉水这些喝的东西。故选B。

　　30. What is this passage mainly about?

　　A. What people store in their fridges.

　　B. Fridge contents and its owner’s secret.

　　C. What we should store in our fridges.

　　D. How to keep our fridge contents secret.

　　【答案】B

　　【 解析】主旨大意题。根据If you don’t want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret,和全文的内容可知冰箱里放的食物会展示出主人的性格和生活方式等秘密。故选B。

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Forty-three years seems like a long time to remember the name of a mere acquaintance. I have forgotten the name of an old lady, who was a customer on the paper route in my home town when I was a twelve-year-old boy. Yet it stays in my memory, for she taught me a lesson of forgiveness that I shall never forget.

　　On a winter afternoon, a friend and I were throwing stones onto the leaning roof of the old lady's house from a spot near her backyard. The object of our play was to observe how the stones changed to missiles as they rolled to the roof's edge and shot out into the yard. I found myself a perfectly smooth rock and threw it out. The stone, however, slipped from my hand and headed straight for a small window on the old lady's back porch. At the sound of fractured glass, we knew we were in trouble. We ran as fast as possible.

　　I was too scared about getting caught to be concerned about the old lady with the broken window in winter. However, a few days later, when I was sure that I hadn't been discovered, I started to feel guilty for her misfortune. She still greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the paper, but I was no longer able to act comfortably in her presence.

　　I made up my mind that I would save my paper delivery money, and after three weeks I had the seven dollars that I thought would cover the cost of her window. I put the money in an envelope with a note explaining that I was sorry for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would cover the cost. I put the letter through the letter slot in her door. My soul felt redeemed and I could have the freedom of, once again, looking straight into the old lady's kind eyes. The next day, I handed the old lady her paper and was able to return the warm smile that I was receiving from her. She gave me a bag of cookies. I thanked her and felt an envelope in it. When I opened the envelope, inside it were the seven dollars and a short note reading, "I'm proud of you."

　　4. The underlined word “redeemed” is closest in meaning to “______”.

　　A. excited

　　B. relieved

　　C. disappointed

　　D. delighted

　　5. What’s the best title for this passage?______________.

　　A. An old lady

　　B. My first job

　　C. My childhood

　　D.An unforgettable incident

　　【参考答案】

　　(A)本文作者从发生在自己身上的事情中深深地体会到诚实，知错能改的重要性。

　　C

　　事实细节题。第一段“Forty-three years seems…”和“when I was a twelve-year-old boy”两处数字相加即可。

　　B

　　事实细节题。根据第一段第二句内容可知。

　　A

　　推理判断题。根据第二段：当时才12岁的作者和他的一个朋友玩扔石子，其目的只是为了看到石头从老太太的屋顶滚下来象导弹一样射到院子里，至于打破老太太的窗户当然不是故意的，所以选A。

　　B

　　词义猜测题。跟据本句的“…and I could have the freedom of, once again, looking straight into the old lady's kind eyes”可知作者此时应该是感到心中的一块石头落了地。

　　D

　　主旨大意题。本文作者主要向我们讲述了小时候的一件小事对他的深远影响。

　　Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machines-robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.

　　All-purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It’s been five or 10 years from happening for about 50 years,” says Eric Berger, co–director of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors–laser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the next decade.

　　The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 (for “Personal Robot 2”), a two–armed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay in–house, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances. This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter (推特网站), you won’t start by constructing a computer. “you build the thing that’s new.”

　　【文章大意】本文叙述了多功能机器人的研究和制造。多功能机器人能够用他们的手在不断变化的环境里四处移动。多功能机器人的发展需要不断扩展它的多功能。为了建造新的机器人，Willow Garage生产了25份PR2以备研究。

　　31．The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in

　　.

　　A．battle fields B．operation room

　　C．people’s houses D．wild fields

　　【答案】D

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean.可知机器人可在战场，手术室和个人家庭中使用，因此没有提到野外，故选D。

　　32．The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that

　　.

　　A．can move about in changing environments and work with their hands

　　B．can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors

　　C．has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasks

　　D．has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback

　　【答案】A

　　【 解析】细节理解题。根据multipurpose machines-robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.可知多功能机器人能够用他们的手在不断变化的环境里四处移动。因此选A。

　　33．According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building all-purpose robots if ___________ .

　　A．everyone is designing robots and the software to control them

　　B．they can produce 25 copies of its model PR2

　　C．people can enlarge the capabilities of a single machine

　　D．people can start by constructing a computer

　　【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up.可知问题是每个人不是扩大机器人的功能而是从头开始做，这样阻碍了机器人的发展，因此要想建造多功能机器人，就得开发机器人的多功能。故选C。

　　34．Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 so as to _________ .

　　A．design robots and the software to control them

　　B．change the way of new robot construction research

　　C．open doors and go to outside research groups

　　D．go through the room and stay in-house

　　【答案】B

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter (推特网站), you won’t start by constructing a computer. “you build the thing that’s new.”可知Willow Garage生产25份PR2是为了建造新的机器人，这样改变了新机器制造研究的方法。故选B。

　　35．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A．To build all-purpose robots is an absolutely new movement under way.

　　B．Building all-purpose robots was delayed because of its complexity.

　　C．The idea to build all-purpose robots appeared about 50 years ago.

　　D．Everyone will share their advances for they are all-purpose robots.

　　【答案】C

　　【 解析】推理判断题。根据All-purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It’s been five or 10 years from happening for about 50 years可知多功能机器人的想法已经出现了50年。故选C。