（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book1 Unit 3《celebration》

　　话题词汇

　　1．ceremony n．典礼；仪式；礼节

　　2．cultural adj.文化的

　　3．custom n．习惯；习俗

　　4．tradition n．传统；风俗

　　5．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；特有的

　　6．particular adj.特殊的；特别的

　　7．culture shock文化冲击

　　8．follow a custom遵循习俗

　　9．make it a rule to do sth.做某事成为规定

　　10．pass down from generation to generation一代一代传下来

　　经典语篇

　　如今，越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。假设你的一个美国朋友让你介绍一下中秋节，请根据下列信息写一篇短文。

　　1．时间：农历八月十五；

　　2．范围：中国以及其他许多亚洲国家；

　　3．方式：阖家团圆，吃月饼，赏月。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

　　佳作欣赏

　　The Mid­Autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China，which is full of our cultural features.①

　　The festival is celebrated on the 15th of the 8th lunar month in China and other Asian countries.On that day，people who are away from home come back to get together with their relatives.In addition，we are accustomed to eating moon­cakes which stand for the reunion of the family②.However，the most important activity is that the whole family get together to have a big meal ③and enjoy the beauty of the moon，in an atmosphere of love，harmony and peace.

　　All in all，the Mid­Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China.

　　思维发散

　　1．将第①句改为简单句

　　The Mid­Autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China，full of our cultural features.

　　2．将第②句改为简单句

　　We are accustomed to eating moon­cakes standing for the reunion of the family.

　　3．仿照第③句用表语从句完成句子

　　Pointing to the hospital on whose roof there is a parking garage，Granny told me that was where I was born.

　　奶奶指着屋顶上有个停车场的那家医院，告诉我那就是我出生的地方。

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．graduation (n.)毕业

　　2．traditional (adj.)传统的

　　tradition (n.)传统

　　3．nowadays (adv.)现今，现在

　　4．celebration (n.)庆祝，庆典

　　celebrate (vt.)庆祝

　　5．power (n.)控制力；权力

　　powerful (adj.)强大的

　　6．serve (v.)服务；服役；提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)

　　service (n.)服务

　　7．congratulation (n.)祝贺

　　congratulate (vt.)祝贺

　　8．invitation (n.)邀请；请柬

　　invite (vt.)邀请

　　9．attend (vt.)出席，参加

　　10．unfortunately (adv.)不幸地

　　fortunately (adv.)幸运地

　　B．阅读单词

　　11．scholarship (n.)奖学金

　　scholar (n.)学者

　　12．occasion (n.)时刻，时机

　　13．darkness (n.)黑暗，漆黑

　　dark (n.)黄昏；暗处

　　(adj.)深色的；黑暗的

　　14．destroy (vt.)破坏，毁坏

　　destruction (n.)破坏，毁灭

　　15．decorate (vt.)装饰，布置

　　decoration (n.)装饰

　　16．boil (vt.&vi.)煮沸，沸腾

　　boiling (adj.)沸腾的

　　17．reception (n.)接待；招待会

　　receive (v.)接受；体验；接纳

　　18．retire (vi.)退休

　　19．apply (vi.)申请

　　(vt.)应用

　　application (n.)申请(书)；应用

　　20．smartly (adv.)潇洒地；漂亮地

　　21．ceremony (n.)典礼，仪式

　　22．entrance (n.)入口

　　enter (v.)进入

　　23．contribute (vt.)捐助；贡献

　　contribution (n.)贡献

　　24．link (vt.)连接

　　25．seriously (adv.)认真地；真诚地

　　26．swallow (vt.)吞下，咽下

　　27．adult (n.)成年人

　　28．merry (adj.)高兴的，愉快的

　　merrily (adv.)愉快地

　　29．production (n.)生产，制造；产量

　　product (n.)产品，产物；结果

　　produce (v.)生产，制造

　　30．mess (n.)混乱，脏乱

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．burn down烧毁

　　2．take part in参与，参加

　　3. put out扑灭；熄灭

　　4．apply for申请，请求

　　5．depend on依靠；根据，依据

　　6．on time准时

　　7．even if即使

　　8．put up搭起；建造；竖起

　　9．carry on继续；坚持

　　10．as well也，还，同样地

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．On this day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.

　　据说这一天的月亮是最大最亮的。

　　2．We tried to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning.

　　为了看到圣诞老人，我们努力使醒着的时间尽可能的长，但是我们所知道的下一件事情就是早上了。

　　3．At the bottom of the bed was the stocking，now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.

　　床尾的袜子里已经装满各种各样的小礼物和糖果。

　　4．I put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was hard to swallow.

　　我把如此多的食物塞入口中以至于很难吞咽。

　　5．It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck.

　　人们认为不给食物的村庄会有坏运气。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　The Mid­Autumn Festival is a lunar holiday,1.occurring(occur) on the fifteenth day of 2.the eighth lunar month.The Mid­Autumn Festival is important 3.because it is a special occasion for family 4.when people often eat traditional moon cakes.

　　The Lantern Festival falls 5.on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.People light lanterns 6.decorated(decorate) with pictures to celebrate the power of light over darkness.People eat the special food, sweet dumplings 7.boiled(boil) in hot water.

　　The Dragon Boat Festival occurs on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.It is a 8.significant(significance) holiday celebrated in China.It is celebrated by boat races in the shape of dragons.Many people take part 9.in the races and enjoy the fun.The special food for the festival is zongzi,10.which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.

　　1

　　include v.包括，包含；使成为……的一部分be a part of

　　1include doing sth.包括做某事,including sb./sth.包括某人/某事在内

　　sb./sth.included某人/某事被包括在内

　　2including prep.包括……在内

　　(1)Your duty will include cleaning the house.

　　你的职责包括打扫房屋。

　　(2)Most of us enjoy working on our strengths，myself included.

　　我们中的大多数人工作的时候喜欢量力而行，包括我自己在内。

　　[词义辨析]　include，contain

　　(1)include包括，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。

　　(2)contain包括，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时。

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)用include，contain的正确形式填空

　　①This book contains all the information you need.

　　②Our six­city tour includes a visit to London.

　　③Vegetables contain many kinds of vitamins and many other useful materials.So we must eat them every day.

　　(2)单句改错

　　I’m ordering some extra office equipment，included some new desks and a word processor.included→including

　　2

　　power n.能力；力量；权力；动力

　　[应试指导]　在谚语中的应用

　　come to/into power掌权；上台

　　in one’s power在某人的掌控中

　　do all/everything in one’s power＝do one’s best尽力而为；竭尽全力

　　(1)As a saying goes，knowledge is power.

　　俗话说，知识就是力量。

　　(2)Ever since that political congress coming to power last year took many effective measures to develop economy，great changes of people’s life have taken place.

　　自从去年执政的政治大会采取了很多有效发展经济的措施以来，人们的生活发生了很大变化。多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I wish it was in my power to change the decision.

　　②They have invented a new car，which is powered(power) by solar batteries.

　　③The President is the most powerful(power) man in America.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He told her that he would do everything in his power to prove that he was the man for her.

　　①He told her that he would do his best to prove that he was the man for her.(同义短语替换)

　　②He told her that he would do what he could to prove that he was the man for her.(改为含有what从句的复合句)

　　3

　　serve v.提供食物，端上饭菜；服侍……进餐；服役；供职于；服务；用作

　　1serve sth.to sb.＝serve sb.sth.给某人端上……

　　serve the people为人民服务,serve as当作；作为

　　2service n.服务,

　　at the service of sb.＝at one’s service听某人差遣；随时准备为某人做事

　　(1)They start to serve fast food.

　　他们开始提供快餐。

　　(2)Who will serve lunch to us/serve us lunch?

　　谁招待我们吃午饭？

　　(3)We should serve the people heart and soul.

　　我们应该全心全意为人民服务。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①When the news came that the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army(去部队服役)．

　　②She ushered(引导) me into the front room，which served as(用作) her office.

　　③We are at your service/at the service of you(随时为您服务)．Don’t hesitate to turn to us if you have any further problems.

　　(2)单句改错

　　I want to buy the box，which can serve for a desk.for→as

　　4

　　apply vt.&vi.涂put or spread sth.onto a surface；应用use；使用；申请make a request；涉及concern，relate

　　[应试指导]　申请类写作高频词汇

　　1apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某物

　　apply to适用于,apply sth.to sth.把某物应用涂抹于……

　　apply oneself to ＝be applied to致力于/集中精力于……

　　2application n.申请书；用途

　　3applicant n.申请人

　　(1)Apply some medicine to his wound.

　　给他的伤口上点药吧。

　　(2)Tom would do very well if only he applied himself.

　　要是专心致志，汤姆会做得很好的。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The new technology，if applied(apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.

　　②His application(apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.

　　③If the applicant(apply) is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.

　　④The book doesn’t apply to beginners.

　　⑤More than 30 people applied for the position.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.

　　①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

　　②Applied to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　5

　　[应试指导]　交际用语中的用法

　　(1)congratulations (to sb.) on sth.就……(向某人)祝贺

　　Congratulations！祝贺你！(口语)

　　(2)congratulate vt.祝贺，向……道喜

　　congratulate sb.on sth.为某事向某人祝贺

　　(1)Congratulations on your happy marriage!

　　祝贺你喜结良缘！

　　(2)You can congratulate yourself on having done a good job.

　　你的工作做得很出色，你应该感到自豪。

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式；作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时，通常用单数形式。

　　(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①—I have passed the exam.

　　—Congratulations(congratulate)!

　　②I congratulate myself(I) on having chosen a good woman to be my wife.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①I congratulated him his success sincerely.his前加on

　　②Thank you for your letter conveying congratulation on my appointment.congratulation→congratulations

　　6

　　attend v.出席，参加be present；照料，护理take care of；处理，对付deal with

　　[应试指导]　其高级词汇是be present at

　　1attend school/class/church上学/上课/做礼拜

　　attend to sb./sth.处理；倾听；照料；专心；注意

　　2attendance n.出席，到场

　　(1)Thousands of people attended the ceremony.

　　数千人参加了庆典。

　　(2)The main thing is to attend to the injured.

　　首要任务是照顾伤者。

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中attend的汉语意思

　　①Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.(2017·江苏)

　　上学

　　②The nurses were attending to the injured man.护理

　　③He took a short leave of absence to attend to personal business.处理

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①—Would you like to join us in the game?

　　—I’m afraid not，for I have something important to attend(attend) to.

　　②You must attend to your work.

　　③You have missed several attendances(attend) this term.

　　7

　　contribute v.捐献；捐助give money or goods to...；是……的原因之一be one of the causes of sth.；贡献；投稿write...for...

　　[多词一义]　contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to，cause

　　1contribute...to...把……贡献给……

　　contribute to有助于；导致；把时间投入到……

　　2make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献；捐款

　　(1)He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.

　　他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。

　　(2)Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?

　　你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　Various factors contributed to his downfall.

　　Various factors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused/brought about his downfall.

　　(2)In a discussion group，it’s very important that everyone (should) contribute(每个人都贡献) whatever is in their minds.

　　8

　　carry on继续；坚持

　　[应试指导]　“carry＋副词”类语境词义辨析

　　carry on with继续

　　carry away拿走；冲走；吸引住

　　carry back将……送/带回原地；使某人记起

　　carry out执行；实施；履行；完成

　　carry through达成；贯彻；使渡过难关

　　(1)She was yelling and screaming and carrying on.

　　她又喊又叫，嘴里说个不停。

　　(2)Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.

　　她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。

　　多维训练

　　用carry短语的正确形式填空

　　(1)Carry on with your work and try to get it finished while I’m away.

　　(2)I’m determined to carry this through in spite of difficulties.

　　(3)Police say they believe the attacks were carried out by nationalists.

　　(4)Floods can carry away trees，hillsides，cars and even houses.

　　(5)The sight carried me back to my days in the army.

　　9

　　graduation n.毕业

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)On the graduation(graduate) day students will have pictures taken in caps and gowns.

　　(2)He graduated from Taipei University.

　　(3)The university graduated(graduate) 500 students last year.

　　10

　　occasion n.时刻，时节；时机；大事；节日

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I call on my parents on occasion.

　　②We occasionally (occasion) meet for a drink after work.

　　③I can remember very few occasions when he had to ask for leave because of ill health.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　You should on no occasion do such a thing like that.(改为倒装句)

　　On no occasion should you do such a thing like that.

　　11

　　traditional adj.传统的

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①It is a tradition for people in this country to pay in cash when buying things.

　　②Beth comes from a tradition where people dress up for particularly popular sporting events.

　　③Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional(tradition) Fujian dishes.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①By tradition(按照传统)，the eldest son inherits the property.

　　②The design is in the tradition of(沿袭了) Russian architecture.

　　③It’s a tradition(这是一个传统) that the young look after the old in their family.

　　12

　　celebration n.庆祝；庆典a specially­organized event to celebrate...

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)The old couple held a party to celebrate(celebrate) their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.

　　(2)The Chinese community here are shooting off fireworks in celebration of the Chinese New Year.

　　(3)Celebrating/To celebrate(celebrate) Christmas is their custom.

　　13

　　link v.& n.连接；关联；联系；关系

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders.

　　(2)The newspapers have linked his name with hers.

　　(3)The two spacecraft will link up with each other in orbit.

　　14

　　mess n.混乱，脏乱；脏或乱的状态；v.弄乱，弄脏

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Tom wondered why everything was in a mess.

　　(2)As the work tends to be a bit messy(mess)，you’ll need to wear old clothes.

　　(3)I told her I would mess it up as I had never worked at the bar before.

　　15

　　depend on/upon根据；依靠，依赖，指望＝rely/count on/upon

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①In most cases，they tend to meet a few hours every week depending(depend) on their schedules.

　　②You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　You can depend on him to help you.(用it作形式宾语改写)

　　You can depend on it that he will help you.

　　16

　　put up竖起，建造，搭建；举起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出意见等

　　多维训练

　　写出下列句子中put up的汉语意思

　　(1)She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴

　　(2)Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高

　　(3)I was soaked before I could put my umbrella up.举起

　　(4)Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿

　　(5)It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出

　　(6)John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建

　　17

　　On this day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.据说这一天的月亮是最大最亮的。

　　It is said that...据说……

　　It is thought that...大家认为……

　　It is believed that...人们相信……

　　It is hoped that...人们希望……

　　It is reported that...据报道……

　　It is well­known that...众所周知……

　　It is supposed that...据推测……

　　(1)It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.

　　据说人类天生就有说话的能力。

　　(2)It is reported that the UN Conference will be held in Istanbul recently.

　　据报道，联合国大会将于近日在伊斯坦布尔举行。

　　[特别提醒]

　　上述结构可改为Sb./Sth.be said/thought/believed/hoped...to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写(用he作主语改写)

　　(1)It is supposed that he is working in that big company.

　　He is supposed to be working in that big company.

　　(2)It is said that he has written a new book about workers.

　　He is said to have written a new book about workers.

　　(3)It is thought that he often helps the people in need.

　　He is often thought to help the people in need.

　　18

　　If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding，you can go with him/her，even if you don’t receive an invitation yourself.如果一个朋友收到婚礼的请帖，即使你本人没有收到请帖，也可以和他她一起去。

　　1even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。在主从句主语相同时也可采用省略结构。

　　2even so即使如此；尽管这样。

　　(1)Even if one makes a mistake，correcting it in time is a good thing.

　　即使一个人犯了错，及时改正就是一件好事。

　　(2)It’s raining.Even so，we must set off.

　　天在下雨。尽管如此，我们还是要出发。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I’ll go there even if the weather is(be) bad tomorrow.

　　②Even though the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.

　　(2)补全句子中的省略成分

　　He won’t come to our party even if invited.

　　He won’t come to our party even if he is invited.

　　19

　　I put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was hard to swallow.,有时我把如此多的食物塞入口中以致很难咽下去。

　　1在句型“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中，不定式作表语形容词的状语，并且和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，此时不定式多用主动形式表示被动含义。

　　2该不定式中的动词必须是及物动词；动词为不及物动词时，需在动词后加上相应的介词。

　　3常见的此类形容词有easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等，该类形容词说明的是不定式的性质。

　　(1)The new manager is hard to get on with.

　　新来的经理很难相处。

　　(2)Their plan is very easy to carry out.

　　他们的方案很容易实施。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)This machine is very easy to operate(operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

　　(2)I like getting up early in summer.The morning air is so good to breathe(breathe)．

　　(3)The question was easy enough for me to answer.

　　20

　　At the bottom of the bed was the stocking，now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.床尾的长统袜里现在已经装满了各种各样的小礼物和糖果。

　　本句为完全倒装句，即把整个谓语提到主语前面。,完全倒装的情况还有：

　　1表示地点、时间等的介词短语放在句首，主语较长，其后又无定语时，一般要倒装。

　　2表示方向、地点和时间的副词in，out，down，up，off，back，away，over there，now，then，here，first等放于句首，若主语是名词而不是代词，则完全倒装。3有时为了保持句子平衡或强调表语，常将作表语的形容词、介词短语、动词­ed形式及动词­ing形式置于句首，形成完全倒装。

　　(1)Out rushed the children.

　　孩子们冲了出去。

　　(2)There goes the bell.

　　铃声响了。

　　(3)From the valley came a frightening sound.

　　从山谷里传来了一声可怕的声音。

　　(4)South of the city lies a big factory.

　　城市南面有一家大工厂。

　　(5)Hanging on the wall are a group of pictures by Van Gogh.挂在墙上的是一组梵高的画。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①In came the teacher and the class began.

　　老师走了进来，然后开始上课。

　　②Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.

　　那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。

　　③Here is the picture I love.

　　这正是我所喜爱的画。

　　④Seated on the grass are some students singing and laughing.

　　一些学生坐在草地上，唱着、笑着。

　　(2)单句改错

　　There stand an old tree on the top of the hill.stand→stands

　　——单句语法填空

　　(1)In some parts of the world，tea is served(serve) with milk and sugar.

　　(2)The boy whom you lent money to was hit(hit) by a car.

　　(3)I should have been there，but I could(can) not catch the bus.

　　(4)You don’t have to (not，have to) worry about me.I’m a good swimmer.

　　(5)He ought to have done(ought to do) his work yesterday，but he went to the cinema with his friends.