（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book3 Unit 9《wheels》

　　话题词汇

　　1．improvement n．改善；提高

　　2．transport n．交通；运输

　　3．convenience n．方便；便利

　　4．pollution n．污染

　　5．crowded adj.拥挤

　　6．solution n．解决方案

　　7．beneficial adj.有益的；有利的

　　8．living standards生活水平

　　9．environmentally friendly环保的

　　10．build up树立；逐步建立

　　经典语篇 (2011·江西)

　　假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：

　　1．目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题；

　　2．骑自行车的益处，如节能环保、有利健康等。

　　参考词汇：低碳生活(low­carbon life)；节能(energy saving)

　　注意：1.词数：120左右；

　　2．演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Good morning，everyone，

　　I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”．

　　Thank you!

　　佳作欣赏

　　Good morning，everyone，

　　I’m Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”．

　　As is known to all，with the improvement of people’s living standards①，cars have become a popular means of transport，and they bring great convenience to our life②.However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.

　　How can we solve the problems then？As far as I’m concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing，bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy saving.For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas.What’s more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health③.

　　Therefore，let’s take the responsibility to build up a low­carbon city by riding bicycles.Come on and join us!

　　Thank you!

　　思维发散

　　1．将第①句改为as引导的状语从句

　　as people’s living standards improve

　　2．将第②句用现在分词短语改写

　　bringing great convenience to our life

　　3．将第③句用“be of＋抽象名词”改写

　　it is of benefit to our health

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．benefit (vi.&n.)得益；好处

　　beneficial (adj.)有益的，有利的

　　2．convenient (adj.)方便的，便利的

　　convenience (n.)方便，便利

　　3．hopeful (adj.)(人)抱有希望的

　　hope (n.)希望，可能；(vt.&vi.)希望，期待

　　4．wherever (conj.)无论在何处，无论到哪里

　　5．gentle (adj.)和善的，温和的

　　gently (adv.)和善地，温和地

　　6．timetable (n.)时间表

　　7．impression (n.)印象，感觉

　　impress (v.)给……留下深刻的印象；使敬佩

　　8．physical (adj.)身体的；物质的

　　9．figure (n.)数字，数目；人物

　　10．admit (vt.)承认，供认

　　admission (n.)承认；进入许可，入场许可；入场(入学、入会)费

　　11．somehow (adv.)以某种方式

　　12．suit (vt.)适合

　　suitable (adj.)适合的

　　13．damage (vt.&n.)损害，损失

　　B．阅读单词

　　14．actually (adv.)实际地，真实地

　　actual (adj.)实际的，真实的

　　15．therefore (adv.)所以，因此

　　16．indeed (adv.)当然，确实

　　17．consequence (n.)后果，结果

　　18．arrest (vt.)逮捕，拘留

　　19．argue (vi.)争辩，争吵

　　argument (n.)争论，辩论；论据，理由

　　20．sensitive (adj.)善解人意的；敏感的

　　21．vocabulary (n.)词汇(量)

　　22．schedule (n.)时间表；进度表

　　23．responsibility (n.)责任，负责，职责

　　responsible (adj.)负责任的

　　24．content (n.)容纳的东西；目录

　　(adj.)满意的

　　25．reliable (adj.)可靠的

　　rely (vi.)依赖，依靠

　　26．appreciate (vt.)感激；欣赏

　　appreciation (n.)感激；欣赏

　　27．construction (n.)建筑(物)

　　construct (vt.)建造，构建

　　28．amount (n.)数量

　　29．addicted (adj.)沉溺于……的

　　addict (n.)中毒者，成瘾者，……迷

　　30．occupy (vt.)占用(空间、面积、时间等)

　　occupied (adj.)使用中；忙于；被占领的

　　31．frequent (adj.)时常发生的

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．traffic jam交通阻塞，塞车

　　2．fed up不愉快的，厌烦的

　　3．pull up(车辆)停止，停车

　　4．pull out(火车)驶离车站，出站

　　5．so far迄今为止

　　6．take place发生；举行

　　7．go up上升

　　8．on average平均；通常

　　9．work out锻炼身体，做运动

　　10．in conclusion总之

　　11．rely on依靠，依赖

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.

　　在阿姆斯特丹人们一直在享受着骑自行车带来的好处。

　　2．Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.

　　无论在哪儿当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们就会把自行车放在那里供其他人使用。

　　3．How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry?

　　有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？

　　4．Before 1908，when Ford’s cars became available to the public，it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.

　　1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。

　　5．Ford found a way to mass­produce the motor car cheaply，making it possible for many more people to own one.

　　福特发现了一个很便宜地批量生产汽车的方法，这使得更多的人拥有一辆小汽车成为了可能。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　In 1.the 1960s，a group of cycling fans had an idea 2.that it would be better 3.if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.It could contribute to 4.saving(save) energy and protecting environment.They painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of 5.neighbourhoods(neighbour) for people to use.Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone 6.else to use.But the problem was that thieves took all the bicycles within weeks.More than thirty years 7.later，the “white bike” is back in town.The new “white bike” is not 8.actually(actual) white but is an unusual design with bright colours.Now there is already 9.less(little) traffic in central Amsterdam.Indeed，thanks to the ideas of lots of people，like the cycling fans in the 1960s，many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets 10.without cars for many years.

　　1

　　benefit v.有益于；有助于be useful to；受益；n.优势advantage；益处；成效

　　[多词一义]　be of benefit to，be beneficial to，do good to

　　1benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益

　　benefit from/by从……中受益

　　2be of benefit to＝be beneficial to对……有益

　　for one’s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为帮助某人；为某人的利益

　　(1)I benefit a great deal from reading.

　　我从阅读中受益良多。

　　(2)The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.

　　那儿设立了警告牌以引起人们的警惕。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①A stay in the country will be beneficial(benefit) to his health.

　　②I feel that I have benefited greatly from/by her wisdom.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.

　　①The new regulation will be beneficial to everyone concerned.(用beneficial改写)

　　②Everyone concerned will benefit from the new regulation.(用benefit from改写)

　　③The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.(用benefit改写)

　　2

　　convenient adj.方便的

　　1if it is convenient to/for you如果你方便的话

　　It is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事很方便。

　　2at one’s convenience在某人方便时

　　for convenience为方便起见

　　for the convenience of为了方便……

　　(1)We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.

　　如果你方便的话，我们希望你能接受我们的邀请。

　　(2)With a caravan，you can stop at your own convenience；you’re not dependent on hotels.

　　开着一辆大篷车，你可以随意停下来，不用住旅馆。

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于It is convenient for sb.to do...这一句型中。

　　(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①We bought this house for convenience(为了方便)；it’s near the school.

　　②We can meet to discuss this further at your convenience/if it is convenient for/to you(在你方便时)．

　　③A new general store has been built for the convenience of(为了方便……) residents.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①If you are convenient，please come to my birthday party.

　　If it is convenient to/for you，please come to my birthday party.

　　②The office is furnished with modern convenience.convenience→conveniences

　　3

　　argue v.争论；争辩；劝说；论证，说理，主张

　　(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事

　　argue for/against sth.为支持/反对某事而辩论

　　argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

　　(2)argument n．争论；辩论；论证

　　beyond argument无需争论

　　(1)His lawyers are arguing that he is unfit to stand trial.

　　他的律师正在提出理由说明他不适合出庭受审。

　　(2)The committee is concerned about players’ behaviour，especially arguing with referees.

　　委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。

　　(3)He argues for immediate action.

　　他主张立即行动。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Mary argued Tom into buying a new car.

　　(2)It is beyond argument that Diaoyu Island belongs to China.

　　(3)He was arguing with his brother about/over how they should spend the money.

　　(4)Having argued(argue) for hours，they felt tired.

　　(5)Eventually he was argued(argue) into buying what was actually not needed.

　　4

　　appreciate v.欣赏；赏识；感激，感谢be grateful for；理解understand；意识到realize

　　[应试指导]　(1)后跟非谓语动词的考查；(2)写作高分句式：I would appreciate it if...

　　1appreciate doing...感激做……

　　I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。

　　2appreciation n.欣赏；感激

　　in appreciation of欣赏；感激

　　(1)I would appreciate it very much if you could give me an early reply.

　　如果你能早点给我回信将非常感激。

　　(2)Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.

　　如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，在这里我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)appreciate后接v.­ing形式。

　　(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。

　　(3)其后不直接跟if或when等引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a second­class citizen.

　　②He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what she had done.

　　③I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

　　④He is given a rise in appreciation of his excellent work.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.(用appreciate改写)

　　I’d appreciate it if you would turn off the lights.

　　5

　　amount n.数量；总额；v.等于；合计；发展成为

　　[应试指导]　amount to作为高级词汇替换add up to

　　1a small/large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数动词　少/大量的,amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数动词　大量的

　　2amount to合计；共有

　　(1)I’m able to lay my hands on any amount of cash at a moment’s notice.

　　多少钱我都可以马上弄到。

　　(2)Consumers’ spending on sports­related items amounted to ￡9.75 billion.

　　消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①At that time，small amounts of land were used (use) for keeping animals.

　　②A large amount of money is spent (spend) on advertisements every year.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他欠的债共达五千美元。

　　①His debts amount to five thousand dollars.(amount)

　　②His debts add up to five thousand dollars.(add)

　　(3)单句改错

　　One survey shows that large amounts of water is wasted every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.(2015·陕西高考压轴卷)

　　第一个is→are

　　6

　　admit v.常指勉强承认agree；承认过错、罪行，招认，招供confess；准许……进入allow...to enter；容纳hold

　　[应试指导]　(1)后跟非谓语动词的用法；(2)写作高频词汇

　　1admit sth./doing sth.承认某事/做某事

　　admit＋n./pron.＋to be...承认……是……

　　admit sb./sth.into/to...允许某人/物进入……；成为……中的一员

　　be admitted as...作为……被接受

　　2admission n.进入；入场费；承认

　　(1)You must admit the task to be difficult.

　　你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。

　　(2)How many students have been admitted to the school this year?

　　今年这所学校有多少学生入学？

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Joe is proud and stubborn，never admitting(admit) he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.

　　②He admitted cheating/having cheated(cheat) in the exam.

　　③We all admit him to be(be) foolish.

　　④Do they charge for admission(admit)?

　　(2)单句改错

　　①He admitted us to enter the building.去掉enter

　　②He was admitted a member of the club.admitted后加as

　　7

　　addicted adj.沉溺于……的；入迷的；上瘾的

　　[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查

　　1be/become addicted to对……有瘾；热衷于……

　　2addict v.使沉溺；使成瘾；n.入迷的人,addict oneself to沉溺于……

　　3addiction n.入迷；上瘾

　　4addictive adj.上瘾的

　　(1)Many of the women are addicted to heroin and cocaine.

　　这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。

　　(2)I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.

　　我大约有4年时间沉迷在电子游戏中。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用addict的正确形式填空

　　①The boy became addicted to computer games and didn’t want to study.

　　②She helped him fight his drug addiction.

　　③I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I found it quite addictive.

　　④They are rock music addicts.

　　(2)同义句改写上题句①

　　①Addicted to computer games，the boy didn’t want to study.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　②Addicting himself to computer games，the boy didn’t want to study.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

　　8

　　occupy v.使用，占用；使忙于；忙着

　　1occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事,be occupied 房间、座位、床位等被占用；被占有

　　be occupied in doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事

　　2occupation n.工作；职业；占据

　　(1)Land is，in most instances，purchased by those who occupy it.

　　在大多数情况下，土地都是由其使用者购得。

　　(2)Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.

　　从公司退休之后，他现在忙于残疾人的福利。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I have been occupied(occupy) in reading history books for a year.

　　②I suppose I was looking for an occupation(occupy) which was going to be an adventure.

　　③I had forgotten about it because I had been so occupied with other things.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　①Is anyone occupying the seat?

　　Is the seat occupied?

　　②He was occupied in writing a book.

　　a．He occupied himself in writing a book.

　　b．He was occupied with a book.

　　9

　　suit v.适合；使适宜be right for；n.诉讼；恳求；套装a set of clothes

　　[多词一义]　suitable，fit，suit，appropriate

　　1suit sb.适合某人

　　suit one’s needs适合某人的需要

　　2be suitable for适合于……

　　be suitable to do sth.适合做某事

　　(1)That color doesn’t suit her.

　　那种颜色不适合她。

　　(2)The film is not suitable for children.

　　这电影不适合孩子。

　　[词义辨析]　match，suit，fit

　　(1)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。

　　(2)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。

　　(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用match，suit，fit的正确形式填空

　　The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)

　　The challenge is finding partners that suit them.

　　10

　　damage n.& v.损害；伤害；破坏

　　1cause/do damage to对……伤害破坏

　　2damages pl.法院判定的损害赔偿金

　　(1)The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at 6 million.

　　地震造成大约600万美元的财产损失。

　　(2)He was ordered to pay damages totaling 30,000.

　　他被责令支付总额3万美元的赔偿金。

　　[词义辨析]　damage，destroy，ruin

　　(1)damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等；一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。

　　(2)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深，强调“毁坏”的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。

　　(3)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用damage，destroy，ruin的正确形式填空

　　After the Wenchuan earthquake，many buildings were destroyed，but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruin.

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①With his reputation damaged(damage)，he regretted having done so.

　　②Smoking does great damage to one’s health.

　　11

　　fed up不愉快的，厌烦的bored，unhappy with...

　　[应试指导]　作为高级词汇替换be tired of

　　feed on以……为食

　　feed...with/on...用……喂……；供给……，提供……

　　feed＋食物＋to...用某物喂养……

　　(1)People are fed up with all these traffic jams.

　　人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。

　　(2)Owls feed on mice and other small animals.

　　猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Please feed some grass to the cow.

　　②Panda feed on bamboo leaves.

　　③He is busy feeding the computer with new data.

　　④Fed(feed) up with his lies，she won’t believe in him any longer.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　Tom was fed up with being teased about his baldness，so he decided to revenge those who played tricks on him.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Fed up with being teased about his baldness，Tom decided to revenge those who played tricks on him.

　　12

　　pull out火车驶离车站，出站；离开leave，撤离withdraw，退出；拔出

　　pull over靠向路边；让车

　　pull up车辆停止，停车

　　pull through恢复健康；度过危机

　　(1)He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.

　　他掏出手机打了个电话。

　　(2)A car pulled up behind me.

　　一辆车停在我后面。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)He will pull through his illness soon.

　　(2)The man decided to pull over to see if he could help.

　　(3)The train was pulling out when he hurriedly got to the platform.

　　13

　　consequence n.结果，后果

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　It rained yesterday.As a result the match was canceled.

　　①It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled.

　　②It rained yesterday and as a consequence the match was canceled.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①The factory was forced to close；in consequence/as a consequence,800 people lost their jobs.

　　该工厂被迫关门，结果800人失业。

　　②As a/In consequence of a great fire the house was completely destroyed.

　　由于一场大火，该屋全毁。

　　14

　　sensitive adj.敏感的；小心谨慎的；易受伤害的

　　多维训练

　　(1)完成句子

　　①There is no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive to the price.

　　毫无疑问，消费者仍对价格十分敏感。

　　②Are you sensible of the dangers of your position?

　　你觉察出你处境中的危险了吗？

　　(2)单句改错

　　This dog is sensitive for the tone of your voice.for→to

　　15

　　content n.满足satisfaction；内容；所含之物，所容纳的东西；目录；adj.满意的；满足的satisfied；vt.使满足satisfy

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中content的汉语意思

　　①She is reluctant to discuss the content of the play.内容

　　②There is a table of contents in front of a dictionary.目录

　　③I am very content with my life at present.满意的

　　④He wisely contented himself with his family and his love of nature.使满足

　　⑤I emptied the contents of the fridge into carrier bags.所容纳的东西

　　(2)同义句改写

　　Martina was content with a single glass of wine.(用content的动词形式改写)

　　Martina contented herself with a single glass of wine.

　　16

　　figure n.数字；身材，体形；人物；v.计算；认为

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思

　　①She has a good figure.身材

　　②By 2017，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字

　　③Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物

　　④The figure on page 22 shows a political map of Africa.图形；图表

　　⑤Have you figured the cost of food for our holiday？计算

　　⑥I figured (that) you wouldn’t come.认为

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①Figuring(figure) that he is sure to come，we have been waiting for him.

　　②Having figured out the final total number，they were satisfied with the result.

　　17

　　work out锻炼身体；理解，弄懂understand；计算出calculate；制定出，详细拟定；解决问题solve；结果是

　　多维训练

　　写出下列句子中work out的汉语意思

　　(1)I work out regularly to keep fit.锻炼身体

　　(2)Things worked out quite well.结果是

　　(3)I have worked out the maths problem.计算出

　　(4)The general worked out a new plan of attack.制定出

　　18

　　rely on/upon依靠；依赖

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　You may rely on his coming on time.

　　①You may rely on him to come on time.(用不定式改写)

　　②You may rely on it that he will come on time.(用含有it作形式宾语的复合句改写)

　　(2)单句改错

　　You can rely upon that it will rain this weekend.upon后加it

　　19

　　so far到目前为止，迄今为止

　　多维训练

　　(1)用so far，by far填空

　　①The last of these reasons is by far the most important.

　　②So far it has been the tallest building in the city.

　　③Jane is by far the best student in the class.

　　(2)So far we have not found an effective way to cure AIDS.

　　我们迄今尚未找到治疗艾滋病的有效方法。

　　20

　　take place发生，产生；举行

　　多维训练

　　用take place，happen，occur的正确形式填空

　　(1)I was in half way when it occurred to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.

　　(2)I happened to be there when the celebration took place.

　　21

　　go up上涨，上升；被兴建；被炸毁

　　多维训练

　　短语填空　

　　(1)As time went by，they realized the importance of it.

　　(2)Three villages have gone without water for days.

　　(3)New office buildings are going up everywhere nowadays.

　　(4)She starts to go after him when Jack appears.

　　22

　　Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.,无论在哪儿当某个人完成了一段旅程后，他们会把自行车放在那儿供其他人使用。

　　句型公式：wherever引导让步状语从句

　　1wherever，whenever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。

　　2whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。

　　3“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。

　　(1)Wherever he went，the lively easy way of him made him welcome.

　　他无论走到哪儿，大家都喜欢他那副活泼随和的样子。

　　(2)Whenever she comes，she brings a friend.

　　她每次来都带个朋友。

　　(3)I will just say whatever comes into my mind.

　　我想到什么就说什么。

　　多维训练

　　(1)根据句意用“疑问词＋­ever”填空

　　①Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.

　　②God helps whoever helps himself.

　　③He asks to be sent wherever he’s needed most.

　　④You may come whenever it is convenient for you.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　①Whatever happens，I will stand by you.(用“no matter＋疑问词”改写)

　　No matter what happens，I will stand by you.

　　②No matter who breaks the law，he should be punished.(用whoever改为名词性从句)

　　Whoever breaks the law should be punished.

　　23

　　(The new “white bike” is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours.,这种“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是一种颜色鲜艳的特殊设计。

　　句型公式：not...but...

　　not...but...不是……而是……，表取舍关系，连接主语、表语和宾语。,not...but...连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词与but后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。用法类似的结构还有either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等。

　　(1)Not the manager but the workers are hoping to do that.

　　希望做那件事的不是经理，而是工人。

　　(2)Not only the students but (also) their teacher is going to see the movie.

　　学生及他们的老师都会去看这部电影。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用be的正确形式填空

　　①Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

　　②Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

　　(2)Not you but he is to blame.

　　不是你而是他应受到责备。

　　24

　　How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry？有多少次我们极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒地到达办公室或学校？

　　句型公式：形容词短语作状语

　　1形容词短语stressed out，tired and angry在句中作状语，说明谓语动词arrive发生时，主语所处的状态。

　　2形容词短语作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。

　　3形容词短语作状语时往往与主句之间用逗号隔开。

　　(1)One woman was lying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing wind.

　　有一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，听着呼啸而过的大风。

　　(2)He went home at last，safe and sound.

　　他最终安然无恙地回了家。

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写(用形容词或形容词短语作状语改写)

　　(1)She suddenly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied.

　　Happy and satisfied，she suddenly appeared.

　　(2)The boy ran home with fear filling him.

　　The boy ran home，full of fear.

　　——单句语法填空

　　(1)—Why，Jack，you look so tired!

　　—Well，I have been painting(paint) the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.

　　(2)I have been waiting(wait) for an hour but she still hasn’t come.

　　(3)Excuse me，Marcia，a reporter from Vanity Fair has been phoning(phone) all day.Could you speak to her now?

　　(4)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising(rise) steadily since 1997.

　　(5)By the time he realizes he has walked(walk) into a trap，it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.