（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮自主复习学案：book6 Unit 18《beauty》

　　话题词汇

　　1．poetry n．诗歌

　　2．poet n．诗人

　　3．rhyme n．韵脚；押韵

　　4．transform v．转化；改造

　　5．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的

　　6．be popular with受……欢迎

　　7．take one’s advice接受某人的建议

　　8．be made up of由……构成

　　9．give sb.a deep impression给某人一个深刻的印象

　　10．translate...into...把……翻译成……

　　经典语篇

　　Wendy是你的美国笔友，非常喜欢中国文化，故给你(张伟)写信想了解唐诗。请你根据下列要点提示给她写一封信，对唐诗加以介绍。

　　要点：

　　1．形式多样：有古体诗和近体诗。就字数来看基本上有五言和七言两种；

　　2．题材广泛：反映社会状况，描绘祖国风景等；

　　3．著名诗人：……

　　注意：1.根据提示适当发挥，不能逐字翻译；

　　2．词数100左右；

　　3．文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

　　参考词汇：揭露expose

　　Dear Wendy，

　　I’m so glad to receive your letter.And it is really a coincidence that you asked me about the Tang poems，and I just have learnt something about them.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Zhang Wei

　　佳作欣赏

　　Dear Wendy，

　　I’m so glad to receive your letter.And it is really a coincidence that you asked me about the Tang poems，and I just have learnt something about them.①

　　The Tang poems are various in forms and subjects.Generally speaking，they can be divided into two groups—classical poems and modern poems.Not only the length of a line but also the length of a poem is limited to a certain number of words.②There are often four or eight or twelve lines with five or seven words in each line.Poets wrote poems for different purposes，for example，exposing the darkness of the society and describing the beautiful scenes.

　　There were many famous poets during the Tang Dynasty，such as Li Bai，Du Fu and Bai Juyi.If you want to read more，the book 300 Tang Poems is a good choice，which includes poems of many well­known poets.③After reading them，you will have a better understanding of the Tang poems.④

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Zhang Wei

　　思维发散

　　1．仿照第①句用it作形式主语完成句子

　　It is a waste of time trying to persuade him to change his mind. As is known to us all，he is so stubborn.

　　试图说服他改变主意简直是浪费时间。众所周知，他是如此的固执。

　　2．仿照第②句用not only...but also...完成句子

　　We have many cases where not only hard work but also good communication skills have multiplied one’s chances of success in the past years.

　　在过去的几年里我们见过很多这样的案例：辛苦的工作以及良好的交际能力增加了一个人成功的机会。(2016·江西八校联考)

　　3．将第③句中的which从句改为短语作定语

　　If you want to read more，the book 300 Tang Poems including poems of many well­known poets is a good choice.

　　4．将第④句进行同义句改写

　　After reading them，you will understand the Tang poems better.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A．写作单词

　　1．slim (vi.&adj.)(通过节食、加强运动等)减肥；苗条的

　　2．accompany (vt.)陪同，伴随

　　3．range (n.)(数、量、年龄等的)变化范围；等级

　　(vi.)变化

　　4．command (n.&v.)命令，指挥

　　5．tasteless (adj.)没有味道的

　　tasty (adj.)美味的，可口的

　　taste (n.)味道

　　(v.)品尝；尝起来

　　6．deliver (vt.)递送，传送

　　7．vain (adj.)自负的，炫耀的

　　8．endless (adj.)没完没了的，永无休止的

　　end (n.)结局；结尾

　　(v.)(使)终止，(使)结束

　　9．freezing (adj.)严寒的，冰冻的

　　freeze (v.)结冰

　　10．treat (vt.)对待；治疗；款待

　　(n.)款待，请客

　　treatment (n.)治疗；对待

　　11．trap (vt.)诱捕，设圈套

　　(n.)圈套，陷阱

　　12．theme (n.)主题

　　13．strike (vt.)打动；打

　　(n.)罢工

　　striking (adj.)突出的，引人注目的

　　B．阅读单词

　　14．breathless (adj.)令人屏息的

　　breath (n.)呼吸

　　15．superior (adj.)高级的，上等的

　　16．adore (vt.)敬爱，非常喜欢

　　17．consistent (adj.)一致的，始终如一的

　　18．commitment (n.)责任，义务；承诺

　　commit (vt.)犯(罪或错等)

　　19．accessible (adj.)容易理解的

　　access (n.)通道；机会，权利

　　20．thrill (n.&v.)兴奋；恐惧；使兴奋

　　thriller (n.)惊险小说(戏剧、电影)

　　thrilled (adj.)兴奋的；非常激动的

　　thrilling (adj.)令人激动的

　　21．polished (adj.)优雅的，精致的

　　22．refresh (vt.)消除……的疲劳，使振作精神

　　23．tendency (n.)倾向，趋势

　　tend (v.)倾向

　　24．disturbing (adj.)使人烦恼的

　　disturb (vt.)使烦恼

　　25．romantic (adj.)浪漫的

　　26．unlike (prep.)不像，和……不同

　　27．convey (vt.)传达，表达

　　28．affection (n.)爱慕，钟爱

　　29．evident (adj.)明显的，明白的

　　30．recommend (vt.)推荐，介绍

　　recommendation (n.)推荐，介绍

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1．die out完全消失，灭绝

　　2．hang on a second等一下

　　3．a set of一套

　　4．lose one’s sight失明

　　5．turn up出现

　　6．be keen on热衷于

　　7．in preparation for为……做准备

　　8．be based on以……为基础

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1．So do I．..

　　我也一样……

　　2．In the end，she discovers the Beast is not as disgusting and cruel as he seems.

　　最后，她发现野兽不像看上去那样令人讨厌和凶残。

　　3．In other cultures，looking thin for a husband­to­be is not what a woman desires at all—rather，looking a little overweight is considered more attractive.

　　在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来的丈夫眼中显得苗条，而身材略微丰满才更加迷人。

　　4．Oh，I don’t think that’s fair!

　　哦，我认为那是不公平的！

　　5．Although it has neither the cute characters nor the wonderful songs of the Disney version, it speaks to people of all ages.

　　虽然它没有迪斯尼版本里的可爱人物也没有精彩的歌曲，但它适合所有年龄的人们。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　As Margaret once 1.said(say) in the 19th century，there was no consistent view on beauty.Standards and ideas of beauty change 2.across time.

　　Nowadays，some costumes and actions once 3.regarded(regard) as beauty in the 19th­century Europe is not considered healthy or attractive,4.while something now regarded as fashion had different functions in the past.

　　5．In contemporary society，culture still determines our ideas of beauty.In some countries，people like 6.being(be) thinner，while in other cultures，people like being a little overweight.There are no precise criteria to judge 7.what beauty is.If beauty were limited by some criteria，the human race would soon die out.

　　There is 8.physical(physics) beauty as well as inner beauty.The latter is found in a wide range of personal qualities.It is inner beauty that requires us to 9.truly(true) see.Beauty is 10.certainly(certain) in the eye of the beholder.

　　1

　　superior adj.在品质上更好的，占优势；在级别、重要性或职位上高级的，上等的；有优越感的better，greater，higher in quality，rank，etc.

　　[应试指导]　作为高级词汇替换senior，old

　　(1)be superior to超过；优于；胜过

　　be inferior to劣于；次于

　　(2)superiority n．优势；优越感

　　have superiority over/to...in...在……方面比……有优势

　　(1)This cloth is superior to that.这种布比那种好。

　　(2)Her superiority made her a very superior kind of women.

　　她的优势使她成为那种非常卓越的女性。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Your computer is far superior to mine.

　　②This machine is technically inferior to German models.

　　③Will the US have superiority in airpower?

　　④Humans have intellectual superiority over/to other animals.

　　(2)单句改错

　　Obviously，he is more superior to her in many things.去掉more

　　2

　　accompany vt.陪同，陪伴keep sb.company；伴随，与……同时发生happen with；为……伴奏

　　[应试指导]　(1)分词作状语的考查；(2)作为高级词汇替换go with

　　1accompany sb.to some place陪伴某人去某地

　　accompany sb.at/on用……为某人伴奏

　　accompany...with/by与……同时存在或发生

　　2company n.公司；作伴；伴侣

　　keep sb.company陪伴某人

　　in company with与……一起

　　3companion n.同伴，伙伴

　　(1)Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa.

　　肯答应陪我一起去非洲旅行。

　　(2)The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favor，accompanied by enthusiastic applause.

　　在热烈的掌声中，提案以2比1的优势很快通过了表决。

　　[图解助记]

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)accompany是及物动词，不要在其后误加介词with，如不说：Thunder accompanies with lightning.但是，用于被动语态的accompany后可接介词with或by。

　　(2)习惯上不接不定式的复合结构作宾语，如下句中的to go应去掉： He accompanied her to go to the station。

　　(3) accompanied by连接主语时，并不影响主语的数。

　　多维训练

　　(1)选词填空　

　　Last night，my companions kept me company to see a film and then they accompanied me to my home.

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①Accompanied(accompany) by cheerful music，the children began to dance.

　　②She accompanied the singer at/on the piano.

　　③They usually went shopping in company with each other.

　　④The architect，accompanied by his associates，is(be) surveying the land now.

　　(3)单句改错

　　I shall accompany him to visit Beijing.去掉visit

　　3

　　range n.批；组；数、量、年龄等的变化范围；山脉；v.排列；涉及

　　[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查

　　1beyond/out of one’s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围

　　within/in the range of在……范围之内

　　a wide range of各种各样的

　　2range from...to...从……到……之间变化

　　range between...and...在……到……之间变动

　　(1)The price of the house is well beyond our range.

　　这所房子的价格远远超出我们能承受的范围。

　　(2)A wide range of colors and patterns are available.

　　各种颜色和样式都有。

　　(3)She has had a number of different jobs，ranging from chef to swimming instructor.

　　她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练(都做过)。

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Costs range from 50 to several hundred pounds.

　　②If the target was farther than fifty metres，then it was out of range.

　　③Ranging(range) from 2 to 98 yuan，the prices are reasonable.

　　④Estimates of the damage range between 1 million and 5 million.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①It came in/within the range of my vision.

　　该物体进入了我的视野。

　　②I have a wide range of hobbies.

　　我爱好广泛。

　　4

　　command v.命令order；博得；拥有；指挥be in charge of；n.命令，指挥；掌握control；运用能力

　　[应试指导]　虚拟语气的考查

　　1command sb.to do...命令某人做……

　　command that...should

　　do...命令……

　　2at one’s command听某人支配

　　take command of指挥；控制

　　have a good command of 掌握……；精通……

　　in command of掌管；掌握

　　(1)He commanded that all the gates (should) be shut.

　　他命令关闭所有的大门。

　　(2)The police arrived and took command of the situation.

　　警察到达后就控制了局势。

　　(3)Much as he confirms he has a good command of English，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.

　　虽然他承认自己掌握了英语，但有时他感到为一些汉语习语找到合适的英语翻译很难。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I am here at the president’s command.

　　②They are in command of the present situation.

　　(2)一句多译

　　他命令我们马上出发。

　　①He commanded that we (should) set off at once.(command that...)

　　②He commanded us to set off at once.(command＋复合宾语)

　　5

　　deliver vt.递送，传送；发表演说等；接生；生小孩儿

　　[应试指导]　deliver a speech作为高级词汇替换make a speech

　　1deliver...to sb.把……传递给某人

　　deliver a speech发表演说

　　be delivered of ＝give birth to生……

　　2delivery n.传递，递送

　　(1)Would you deliver my message to your mother?

　　你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？

　　(2)The president will deliver a speech about schools.

　　总统将就学校问题发表讲话。

　　(3)She was delivered of a healthy boy.

　　她生了一个健康的男孩儿。

　　[图解助记]

　　[特别提醒]

　　“接生”可表示为：

　　deliver the baby使婴儿出生

　　deliver the woman帮助孕妇分娩

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Mail is delivered(deliver) to our office twice a day.

　　②Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered(deliver)．

　　③Home milk delivery(deliver) has almost disappeared in China now，and gone with it are milkmen.

　　(2)单句改错

　　He ordered a book and had it delivering to his office.delivering→delivered

　　6

　　treat n.招待；款待；v.以……态度对待；以……方式对待behave towards；把……看作consider；治疗；招待；款待；请客

　　[应试指导]　在交际用语中的考查

　　1treat sb.as...把某人看作……

　　treat sb.to sth.招待某人吃……

　　treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人

　　2My treat.我请客。

　　(1)The boy was treated for a minor head wound.

　　那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。

　　(2)Artie treated most women with impatience.

　　阿蒂对大多数女人都没有耐心。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder.

　　②She always treats him to ice cream.

　　③We’ve got to treat people with respect and dignity.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.

　　①If treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(改为省略句)

　　②Treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　7

　　strike vt.&vi.struck，struck打；罢工；敲；撞击hit；侵袭attack；给某人以……印象impress；打动；擦rub；突然想起；n.罢工；打击

　　[应试指导]　熟词新义的考查

　　1be struck with/by为……所袭击感动

　　It strikes me that...我觉得……；我的印象是……

　　sth.strike sb.＝sb.strike on sth.某人想到……

　　2be on strike在罢工,go on strike举行罢工

　　(1)He struck the ball straight into the hospitality tent.

　　他将球直接打进了迎宾帐篷里。

　　(2)It strikes me that you are not serious about it.

　　我觉得你并未把这事当真。

　　(3)Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents.

　　医院员工举行罢工，抗议这几起事件。

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中strike的汉语意思

　　①The clock has just struck 10.(钟)敲

　　②He hit me，so I struck him back.打

　　③The girl struck a match and lit a candle.划(火柴)

　　④She was struck by his kindness.打动

　　⑤They have been on strike for several days.罢工

　　⑥A big earthquake struck the area last week.袭击

　　(2)同义句改写

　　They were struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，so they decided to visit the small old town again.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Struck by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town again.

　　8

　　recommend vt.推荐，荐举，介绍；劝告做，建议某事advise

　　[应试指导]　(1)虚拟语气的考查；(2)后跟非谓语动词的考查；(3)推荐信高频词汇

　　recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物

　　recommend doing sth.建议劝告做某事

　　recommend sb.to do sth.劝告某人做某事

　　recommend that...should do...建议……做……

　　(1)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.

　　上周我从图书馆借了本《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》，这是我同学推荐我看的书。(2017·北京)

　　(2)I recommend that you (should) go by subway.

　　我建议你坐地铁去。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Teachers recommend that parents (should) not allow(allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.

　　(2)We’d recommend you to book(book) your flight early.

　　(3)We strongly recommend reporting(report) the incident to the police.

　　9

　　die out灭亡，完全消失

　　1die of/from死于

　　die down声音、火焰等逐渐减弱、降低

　　die off相继死去，死亡殆尽

　　die away声音、光、风等逐渐减弱，逐渐消失

　　2be dying for/to do...渴望获得/做……

　　(1)Many species of animals are in danger of dying out.

　　许多动物种类都处于濒临灭绝的危险中。

　　(2)The sound began to die down.

　　声音开始减弱。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.

　　(2)She is dying to know(know) where you’ve been.

　　(3)The excitement died down as time went by.

　　(4)The singing of birds died away.

　　(5)The cattle died off in the cold winter.

　　10

　　deal with处理；对付handle；安排；涉及，论及be about；和某人做生意trade with；解决

　　[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查

　　1deal with常与疑问词how连用；do with常与what连用。

　　deal in经营；交易2It’s a deal.成交。/就这么定了。

　　a great deal of许多；大量

　　(1)As a child，he never left his parents，so he didn’t get used to dealing with everything in school independently.

　　从孩提时起，他就没离开过父母，因此他不习惯独自处理学校的一切事情。

　　(2)The company deals in both hardware and software.

　　这家公司既经营硬件，又经营软件。

　　(3)The storm did a great deal of material damage.

　　暴风雨造成了大量物质损失。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用deal with的正确形式填空

　　①This book deals with an important subject.

　　②It’s a book dealing with life in the United States.

　　(2)同义词语替换

　　①This book deals with many issues about the world.talks about

　　②When I worked in Florida I dealt with British people all the time.traded with

　　③In this lesson，the children learn to deal with difficulties.handle

　　11

　　adore vt.敬爱，非常喜欢

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)He adored her as a goddess.

　　(2)She adores listening(listen) to music.

　　(3)She was surrounded by adoring(adore) crowds.

　　12

　　consistent adj.一致的；符合的；连续的；持续的

　　多维训练

　　(1)What we say should be consistent with what we do.

　　我们应该言行一致。

　　(2)New goals are not always consistent with the existing policies.

　　新的目标不一定总和现在的政策相一致。

　　13

　　convey vt.传达，表达，传递思想、感情等communicate；运送，输送transport

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Please convey my best wishes to her.

　　②I find it hard to convey my feelings in words.

　　(2)Words failed to convey my feelings (语言无法表达我的感情) the moment I saw my long­lost sister.

　　(3)单句改错

　　The truck is conveyed the furniture.去掉is或conveyed→conveying

　　14

　　to be honest说实在的，说实话，老实说

　　多维训练

　　同义句改写

　　To be honest，I don’t think I was helping very much.

　　(1)Honestly speaking，I don’t think I was helping very much.

　　(2)Honestly，I don’t think I was helping very much.

　　15

　　So do I...我也是……

　　句型公式：so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语

　　1“so＋情态动词/助动词/be动词＋主语”，是另一种倒装句型，意为“……也是如此”，表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语，so用来代替上句的内容。

　　2如果下文表示的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅把so放于句首，其后用正常语序。

　　3如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要用So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with...。

　　4句型“nor/neither＋情态动词/助动词/be动词＋主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“……也不”，相当于either用于否定句。

　　(1)—You forgot your purse when you went out.

　　—Good heavens，so I did.

　　——你出去时忘了带钱包。

　　——天哪，我确实忘了。

　　(2)Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So it was with Jane./It was the same with Jane.

　　玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。

　　多维训练

　　(1)—He works very hard.

　　—So he does(他确实如此)，and so do I(我也一样)．

　　(2)She doesn’t like them and nor does Jeff(Jeff也不喜欢他们)．

　　(3)—He is a student and he studies hard.

　　—It is the same with me/So it is with me(我也是)．

　　16

　　In the end，she discovers the Beast is not as disgusting and cruel as he seems.最后，她发现野兽不像看上去那样令人讨厌和凶残。

　　句型公式：as...as...

　　as...as...像……一样；正如

　　1结构特点：第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。第二个as为连词，引导状语从句；也可是介词，其后加名词或代词。

　　2否定式：not as/so...as...不如……。

　　3表达倍数关系句型时则表达为：倍数＋as...as...。

　　4当as...as中间有名词时，应采用如下格式：

　　as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as或as＋adj.＋n.复数或不可数＋as。5as...as one can/could＝as...as possible尽可能……。

　　(1)Obviously，the boy doesn’t work as hard as many of his classmates.

　　显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。

　　(2)The geography teacher tells us that China has almost the same size as the USA but its population is six times as large as that of the USA.

　　地理老师告诉我们，中国在面积上与美国几乎一样大，但是人口却是美国的六倍。

　　[特别提醒]

　　在as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as结构中形容词放在不定冠词a/an之前，同样的结构还有：so/too/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋...。

　　多维训练

　　(1)—I like this dress better than that one.

　　—So do I，but it costs almost twice as much as that one.

　　——和那件连衣裙相比，我更喜欢这件。

　　——我也是，但它贵一倍。(2015·重庆巴蜀中学模拟)

　　(2)同义句改写

　　You must help him as much as possible.(改为复合句)

　　You must help him as much as you can.

　　(3)翻译句子

　　她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。(as...as)

　　She has as sweet a voice as her mother.

　　17

　　Head bent，in homesickness I am drowned.,低头思故乡。

　　句型公式：独立主格结构

　　Head bent为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。独立主格结构由“逻辑主语＋逻辑谓语”构成，逻辑主语由名词或主格代词构成，逻辑谓语可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。

　　(1)Leaves falling here and there，I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.

　　树叶到处飘着，我一下子意识到秋天来临了。

　　(2)His dinner eaten alone，Philip walked straight into the library.

　　独自一个人吃完饭后，菲利普径直走进图书馆。

　　多维训练

　　把下列句子改为独立主格结构

　　(1)Because he is ill，we’ll have to do his work.

　　He being ill，we’ll have to do his work.

　　(2)After the ceremony was over，we went home directly.

　　The ceremony over，we went home directly.

　　(3)When George yawned，the conversation dropped.

　　George yawning，the conversation dropped.

　　(4)His first shot was a failure and Dyke fired again.

　　His first shot a failure，Dyke fired again.

　　(5)After the lecture was given，a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　The lecture having been given，a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　——按照要求完成下列各题

　　1．用used to或would填空

　　(1)She doesn’t get up so early as she used to.

　　(2)People used to think that the earth was flat.

　　(3)The old man would go every day to the park to feed the birds.

　　(4)She used to be very nervous in the examinations.

　　(5)That would be his father.

　　2．用限定词填空

　　(1)A Miss Zhang is waiting for you at the gate.

　　(2)He is looking for an assistant.

　　(3)The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

　　(4)All the four applicants are below the average.

　　(5)Each child will find his/her own personal road to success.

　　(6)We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun，so let’s have another one this month.