2017版【高考一本解决方案】高考英语（新课标版）考点题组训练：专题3 名词和主谓一致（含解析）

　　1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.

　　honest→honesty　句意：我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键就是“诚实”。此处是指“诚实”是他成功的关键应用名词形式。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad

　　2．knowledges→knowledge　句意：如果我们出国旅游我们就能拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。knowledge“知识”为不可数名词无复数形式。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅲ)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.

　　year→years　句意：13到19岁的青春期是我最艰难的一段时光。根据句中的13 to 19 were可知应该用复数形式。

　　(2016·四川)Mom has a full­time job

　　4．houseworks→housework　句意：妈妈有一份全职工作但还是要做大部分的家务。housework为不可数名词没有复数形式。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅰ)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.

　　airs→air　句意：我们呼吸的空气越来越脏。air为不可数名词不能用复数形式。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅱ)One day..he turned around and found that his parents were missing.

　　6．parent→parents　句意：一天小托尼跟父母亲去购物中心……由下文的“...he turned around and found that his parents were missing.”可知是父母两个人所以用复数形式。

　　(2015·浙江)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.

　　side→sides　句意：我原来的教室很有趣有三面墙是用玻璃做的。根据前面的three可知此处side应该使用复数形式。

　　(2015·四川)As I told you last timefriend here.

　　8．friend→friends　句意：正如我上次跟你说的我在这儿交了三个新朋友。名词friend为可数名词其前有three修饰需要用复数形式。

　　(2017·新课标Ⅰ)．..since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.

　　year→years　句意：……从那时起这些年来我们让圣女果在它们喜欢的地方自我生长。these提示year是可数名词须用复数形式。

　　(2017·浙江)A passenger realized he couldn't find his ticket...Yet

　　10．strangers→stranger　句意：然而他们迅速地给陌生人提供了帮助。本句中的陌生人就是指那张票的主人是一个人应用单数形式。

　　(2017·四川)Stay close to your teacher and classmate.

　　classmate→classmates　句意：靠近老师和同学们待着。从文章意思可知此处表达同班同学应为复数形式。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅰ)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．

　　attraction　句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅰ69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed...

　　2．days　句意：护理团队每隔every few days“每隔几天”。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)．

　　achievement　句意：然后首先处理最重要的任务那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。of后应用名词作宾语。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Recent ________(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly．

　　4．studies　句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”为可数名词本句的谓show，说明主语应用名词复数studies。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks.

　　5．development　句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前面的the可知所填词应用名词形式。

　　(2016·四川)Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.

　　6．enemies　句意：任何气味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊猫宝宝的敌enemy的复数形式。

　　(2016·浙江)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late ________(pay)may affect your credit.

　　7．payments　句意：准时付电费很重要因为支付晚了会影响你的信用。前面有形容词late修饰此处应用名词形式payment可用作可数名词所以用复数形式。

　　(2016·浙江)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ _(different)unite，rather than divide us.

　　8．differences　句意：当我们学会“求同存异”而不是“分崩离析”的时候我们就能获得很多。物主代词our后面接名词这里是指“我们的差异”所以用复数

　　9．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that/which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ________(painting)．

　　paintings　句意：我略过了对附近桂林的参观。桂林是一个游客们寻找石灰岩山顶和漓江深水的理想地点。画家们在许许多多的中国画中画过它。因为该词由many修饰所以这里使用名词的复数形式。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________(able)to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.

　　10．ability　句意：除了它们的朴素美之外这种土坯房令人羡慕的是它们不用电力设备就能给房间制冷的能力。根据前面的形容词性物主代词their可知后面应用名词故应用able的名词形式ability。

　　(2015·江苏)Some schools will have to make ________(adjust)in agreement with the national soccer reform.

　　11．adjustments　句意：为了与国家的足球改革保持一致一些学校不得不进行调整。make adjustments是固定搭配意为“进行调整。

　　(2017·新课标Ⅰ)．..for most of us the ________(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and worker.

　　12．changes　句意：……对我们大多数人来说这些变化很缓慢而且就像清理被污染的河流需要很多努力和工作。所填词作主语其前是定冠词所以应为名词；根据谓语动词are可知应用复数形式。

　　(2017·辽宁)．..I'll stop and take a deep ________

　　13．breath　句意：……我要停下来深吸一口气。take a deep breath“深呼吸”是固定短语。

　　(2017·浙江)We most prefer to say yes to the ________(request)of someone we know and like.

　　14．requests　句意：我们更愿意满足自己熟悉且喜欢的人所提的要求。根据前面的定冠词判断本空需要用名词形式；request作“要求”讲是可数名词此处是泛指所以用其复数形式。

　　(2017·湖北)Her ________(motivate)for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.

　　15．motivation　句意：她写作的动机是她渴望为妇女争取到接受高等教育的权利。空格前有形容词性物主代词修饰所以空格应填名词形式；再根据系动词was可知用单数形式。

　　(2017·天津)My parents always attach great ________(important)to my getting a good education.

　　16．importance　句意：父母一直很重视让我接受好的教育。attach importance to“认为……很重要；重视”。

　　(2017·湖北)He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle.Instead，he made a generous________(contribute)to help the community.

　　17．contribution　句意：他不自私没有把叔叔留给他的钱独自占有而是慷慨地捐献出来帮助社区。分析句子结构可知空格前是不定冠词和形容词所以要用名词单数形式。

　　(2017·湖北)I felt proud to be spending my time productively，dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed________(describe)of my travels.

　　18．description　句意：我感到无比自豪的是卓有成效地度过了我的岁月忠实地为后代保存一份关于旅途详情的记录。分析句子结构可知空格前有不定冠词和形容词detailed所以要用名词单数形式。

　　(2017·浙江)Your

　　________(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.

　　19．performance　句意：如果你养成反思自己学习的习惯作为学生你的表现将会非常出色。有形容词性物主代词修饰要用perform的名词形式performance。

　　(2017·山东My first ________(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.

　　20．impression　句意：我对他的第一印象是他是一个和蔼、体贴的年轻人。根据句子结构可知空格前面有物主代词my和序数词first修饰所以此处要用impress的名词形式impression。

　　短文改错对名词的考查主要通过对句子结构及修饰语的理解考查名词的单复数形式。设题主要有三种形式：一是复数名词误用单数形式；二是不可数名词误用复数形式；三是复数形式错误。为此考生可从以下三方面入手：

　　查看名词前面的修饰语确定名词单复数形式。若有超过1的基数词(a)few，several，couple等修饰后面的名词须用复数形式。

　　查看谓语动词的形式确定名词单复数形式。若谓语动词为are等主语名词须用复数形式。

　　查看名词的复数形式

　　(2015·陕西)Mum taught me some basic step of baking.

　　【解析】　step→steps　句意：妈妈教我一些基本的烘焙的步骤。分析句子结构可知step是名词；根据前面的some可知step用复数形式。

　　(2017·辽宁)We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.

　　【解析】　time→times　句意：我们就Cleo清晨的乱吠打过几次电话。本句中的time表示“次数”是一个可数名词；根据前面的several可知须用复数形式。

　　查看句子结构。弄清楚所填的词在句子中充当什么成分。如果充当主语、宾语时必须用名词形式；充当表语、定语等时则应认真考虑。

　　查看修饰语。一是通过观察空格前是否有冠词、物主代词、形容词、指示代词、动词、介词等分析所填词是否是名词；二是考虑固定短语或固定搭配。

　　确定名词形式。根据句子中的提示词考虑词形变化即名词的单复数形式变化、所有格等。

　　(2015·江苏)—Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.

　　—I'd like to，but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ________(apologize)．

　　【解析】　apologies　句意：——去向你的母亲道歉戴夫。——我想去但是我怕她对我的道歉不满意。with的宾语。又因为apology是可数名词所以这里用复数形式。

　　(2017·安徽)—Why not buy a second­hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?

　　—That's a good ________(suggest)．

　　【解析】　suggestion　句意：——如果没有足够的钱买新车何不买辆二手的？——那是个好提议。作表语前面又有a good修饰所以应填可数名词单数形式suggestion。

　　(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you right to the Friendship Hotel.

　　minute→minutes　句意：机场班车每30分钟一趟会将你直接带到友谊宾馆。minute前面有数词30修饰须用复数形式。

　　(2016·安徽示范性高中第二次联考)First

　　2．fail→failure　句意：首先对于失败我们应该采取积极的态度。根据介词towards可知后面须用名词。

　　(2016·四川成都外国语学校月考)He gave me all the encouragements I needed to be able to carry on.

　　encouragements→encouragement　句意：他给了我能继续下去所需要的鼓励。encouragement是不可数名词没有复数形式。

　　(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)We should not be slave of money.

　　slave→slaves　句意：我们不应该成为金钱的奴隶。根据主语we可知表语须用复数名词。

　　(2016·四川成都外国语学校月考)Don't wait for an ________ (apologize)．“Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing

　　1．apology　句意：不要等待道歉。拉斯科说：“多次伤害你的人也许从来就不会考虑道歉。”不定冠词an后须用名词形式根据apologize可知答案填apology。

　　(2016·安徽合肥市八中第一次段考)Like many popular restaurants in Paris________(reserve)are hard to get at Dave，so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door.

　　2．reservations　句意：就像巴黎许多受欢迎的餐馆一样在Dave也很难预订因此当我看见红色的门上挂着客人已满的招牌时并不惊讶。根据括号中的提示词及后面的谓语动词are可知主语为名词复数形式故填reservations。

　　(2016·福建福州十三中高三期中)He pushed and pulled with all his ________(strong)to move it.

　　strength　句意：他用力地推拉将它(石头)移走。分析句子结构可知后面接名词故填strength。

　　(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)He asked ________(permit)to introduce his friendLondon.

　　4．permission　句意：他请求允许介绍他的朋友他的朋友威克姆先生显然是最近从伦敦来的。根据句子结构可知此处动词ask后面须用名词故填permission。

　　(2016·江西南昌高三联考)Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of

　　(adolescent)．

　　adolescents　句意：专家们希望全社会都来关心青少年的心理健康。根据句意可知此处泛指“青少年”用复数表示泛指故填adolescents。

　　(2016·山东临沭一中高三第一次月考)Girls are luckier than boys；they have more flexible ________(choose)than boys.

　　choices　句意：女孩比男孩要幸运些她们比男孩有更灵活的选择。前面flexible是形容词后面须接名词；choice此处应为可数名词意味着多种选择故填choices。

　　(2016·山东临沭一中高三第一次月考)I have a strong ________(believe)that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets

　　7．belief　句意：我坚信有朝一日中国学生也会购买这些票。空白处前面有a strong修饰说明空白处须填可数名词单数。

　　(2015·广西柳州、钦州、北海高三1月模拟)So I asked her why she sat there in ________(silent)．

　　silence　句意：因此我问她为什么坐在那里沉默不语。in silence“沉默”是固定用法。

　　(2015·山东曲师大附中高三阶段检测)About 20 percent of ________(baby)feel nervous when they see strangers.

　　babies　句意：约百分之二十的婴儿见到陌生baby是可数名词前面有百分数修饰故用复数形式。

　　(2015·江西九江高三一模)There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of ________(hour)．

　　hours　句意：当我给他打电话如果他没接的话他都会在几小时内回电话。可数名词hour前有a couple of修饰故用复数形式。

　　．(2017·广西)The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.

　　mean→means　句意：两位朋友之间的理解意味着两个人有相同的想法及相互信任。本句的主语是the understanding谓语动词要使用单数形式。

　　(2017·辽宁)The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.

　　have→has　句意：由于我们夜晚常要照顾小孩因此清晨的狗叫一直在打扰着我们。本句的主语是动名词短语the early morning barking谓语动词要使用单数形式。

　　(2017·陕西)Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky.

　　was→were　句意：突然许许多多的箭从天上朝我们飞来。本句的主语是复数名词arrowswere。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________(be)often acceptable.

　　1．is　句意：把不太重要的事情留到明天是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知动名词短语Leaving the less important things until tomorrow作主语故谓语动词用单数。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________(be)too violent for use at the table.

　　2．were　句意：孔子认为刀会给人们杀戮的提醒用在餐桌上太暴力。主语是knives讲述的是过去的事情所以were。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Yangshuo ________(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

　　3．is　句意：阳朔很漂亮……根据后Yangshuo是单数名词所以这里用is。

　　(2015·湖南)It is important to remember that success ________(be)a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________(take)years to achieve.

　　4．is；takes　句意：success是单数由句首的is可知是一般现在时态结合起来用is和takes。

　　(2017·辽宁)Jonny: Be patient！Tai Chi ________(call)“shadow boxing” in English.

　　is called　句意：忍耐一下！英语中太极被叫做“shadow boxing”。根据句意可知空白处须填被动语态；而主语Tai Chi为第三人称单数故填is called。

　　(2017·新课标Ⅰ)In 1969，the pollution was terrible...It ________(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.

　　6．was　句意：……把这条河清理干净In 1969，the pollution was terrible...”可知本段指事情发生在过去应该用过去式；而主语是It为第三人称单数故填was。

　　(2017·湖南)The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________(be)around $8，450 a year，which ________(be)a burden for some of them.

　　7．are；is　句意：这所大学估计一个外国留学生的生活费用每年大约8 450美元这对他们中的一些人来说是个很大的负担。分析句子结构可知第一空的主语living expenses是复数形式所以谓语动词用复数而后面是which引导的非限制性定语从句指代前面提到的钱数故第二空谓语动词要用单数。

　　(2017·福建)The famous musician，as well as his students，________(invite)to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2017 Taipei Flower Expo.

　　8．was invited　句意：那个著名的音乐家还有他的学生被邀请在2017年的台北花博会开幕式上进行表演。当主语后面跟有as well asides，including，in addition to等时其谓语动词的单复数形式按主语的单复数而定又结合句意可知这里应该用被动语态且句子为过去时态。

　　(2017·陕西)The basketball coach，as well as his team，________(interview)shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.

　　9．was interviewed　句意：比赛后不久因为表现出色这位篮球教练以及他的队员接受了采访。主语后有短语as well as时谓语动词的数不受短语的影响仍与主语保持一致。根据时间状语after the match...可知事情发生在过去所以用过去式。

　　(2017·湖南)All the scientific evidence ________(show)that increasing use of chemicals in farming ________(be)damaging our health.

　　10．shows；is　句意：所有的科学证据表明在农业中不断增加使用的化学药品正在危害着我们的健康。第一空前是不可数名词(all the scientific evidence)作主语所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式；第二空所在的that引导的宾语从句中主语是名词use所以谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。

　　短文改错和语法填空中解决主谓一致问题的关键是要找准作主语部分的中心词从而确定谓语动词的单复数形式。在此应特别注意以下几个问题：

　　主语后带有as well as等词或短语的成分时谓语动词的形式须由前面的名词的单复数来确定。

　　形单意复的集合名词作主语时须根据所表达的意义确定谓语动词的形式。

　　形复意单的名词如学科名词、数词或时间段等作主语时谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　＋作主语时若指人谓语动词

　　5．主语前有every修饰名词时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；neither...nor...等连接并列主语时谓语动词形式按就近原则处理。

　　从句、非谓语动词(短语)作主语时此时一般用第三人称单数形式但是what引导主语从句时谓语动词形式需从意义上判断。

　　在倒装句中主语在谓语动词之后因此其形式须由后面的主语确定。

　　连接两个单数名词作主语时如果两个名词表示不同的人或物谓语动词用复数；若表示同一个人或物时谓语动词用第三人称单数。

　　(2017·四川)Today

　　【解析】　go→goes　句意：今天我将讲一讲当听到火警时你们该怎么办。时间状语从句的主语a fire alarm为单数谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式goes。

　　(2017·湖南) All we need ________(be)a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

　　【解析】　is　句意：我们需要的是一小片土地以便在每年的种植季节栽种各种各样的果树。作主语的不定代词all指“我们所需要的东西”即a small piece of land谓语动词用单数形式；再由从句时态判断本空填is。

　　(2016·浙江金丽衢十二校高三第一次联考)She took the lift to the eleventh floor

　　1．was→were　句意：她乘电梯到十一楼秘书指给她看她的办公桌及电脑所在地。在where引导的宾语从句中主语是desk 和 computer谓语动词须用复数形式。

　　(2016·甘肃兰州一中高三月考)Each student learn a foreign language

　　2．learn→learns　句意：每个学生从义务教育第一天起就学一门外语主要是英语。主语是each student谓语动词用第三人单数形式。

　　(2016·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.

　　know→knows　句意：你是我们班上最体贴的人很了解我需要的东西。know是定语从句中的谓语动词其形式由先行词person确定。由于person是单数谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

　　(2016·浙江嘉兴一中高三上学期能力测试)He get easily frustrated when they play with his favorite toy cars...

　　get→gets　句意：当他们玩他最喜欢的玩具车时他很容易变得很沮丧……由于主语是He谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　(2016·福建福州十三中期中考试)About one thousand graduates took exams for it

　　5．第一个was→were　句意：大约一千名毕业生参加了考试但是只挑选了几个人而我就是被选上的人之一。根据主语only a few可知谓语动词须用复数形式。

　　(2016·湖She also seemed to know when people ________(be)upset and....

　　1．were　句意：她似乎也知道人们什么时候烦躁不安……在when引导的宾语从句中主语是people结合主句的时态可知此处be须用were。

　　(2016·安徽示范性高中第二次联考)Sports clubs often

　　________ (competition)with other colleges and sometimes with community groups.

　　compete　句意：体育俱乐部经常与其他大学进行竞赛有时也与社区队进行竞赛。根据句子结构可知此处用动词作谓语；再根据主语sports clubs可知谓语动词用复数形式。

　　(2016·安徽示范性高中第二次联考)The one drawback to club sports ________(be)that colleges often don't fund them.

　　is　句意：俱乐部体育运动的不足之处就是大学常常不提供资金帮助。根据主语The one drawback可知句子谓语动词用第三人称单数形式由后面的don't可知用一般现在时。

　　(2015·河南洛阳第I can't remember her face now but recalling the incident ________(make)me happy.

　　4．makes　句意：我现在记不起她的脸了但是回顾那次事件让我很高兴。动名词短语recalling the incident作主语谓语动词用单数。

　　(2017·河北邢台二中、临城中学等七校期末联考)Saving money _______ _(be)what you need to start several months before you move out.

　　is　句意：在你搬出去之前的几个月省钱就是你要开始做的事情了。动名词短语saving money作主语谓语动词用单数。

　　(2017·河北唐山一中高三上期中)I was paid nine dollars an hour(be)three dollars more than the school post office paid us.

　　6．was　句意：我每小时赚九美元这比学校邮局支付我们的要多三美元。定语从句主语的关系代词which指代nine dollars；表示钱数的名词复数形式作主语谓语动词用单数；根据主句时态判断此空填was。

　　(2017·黑龙江哈六中高三期中考试)But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger that ________(threat)the only home they know.

　　threats　句意：但是熊们对威胁到它们所知的唯一的家的危险没有任何准备。作定语从句主语的关系代词that指的是先行词danger故从句谓语动词用单数；由主语时态判断填一般现在时单数第三人称形式。

　　(2017·山西太原高三英语第三次诊断考试)We all got excited when someone spotted an Australian tailed eagle________(be)the symbol of the Australian­Pacific railway.

　　8．is　句意：当有人发现澳大利亚尾雕的时候我们变得兴奋起来它是澳太铁路的象征。非限制性定语从句中作主语的关系代词which指代Australian tailed eagle谓语动词用单is。

　　(2017·陕西西安第一次模考)Nowadays signs prohibiting smoking ________(be)a common sight in restaurants

　　9．are　句意：如今禁止吸烟标志在餐馆、茶馆和购物中心到处可见。分signs，再结合上下文的句意可知要用一般现在时。

　　0．(2017·湖南怀化高三模拟考试) A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents ________(be)nearly 320

　　10．is　句意：最近的一项调查显示在北京随父母从农村进城的孩子接近320 000人。分析句子结构可知宾语从句的主语是the number且句子为现在时态所以填is。

　　(2017·湖南十三校高三联考)Our school along with many other brother middle schools ________(be)to take another joint test next month.

　　is　句意：我们学校下月将和很多兄弟学校进行联考。分析句子结构可知句子主语是our school它后面的along with短语不影响谓语动词而且由next month可知这里应该是be to do结构表示计划或安排好的将来。

　　(2017·湖南四大名校3月联考)They say that the football team as well as the coach________(invite)to the TV show to talk about their experiences during the past few years.

　　have been invited　句意：他们说足球队员们以及教练已受邀参加电视节目来谈谈他们过去几年的经历。that引导的宾语从句的主语是the football team其后虽有as well as...短语但谓语动词不受其影响仍与主语一致。集体名词the football team在此侧重成员表示复数意义；由语境可知此处强调“已经”受邀而且主语与谓语是被动关系故填have been invited。

　　可数名词复数的规则变化

　　情 方法 例词

　　一般情况 加­s students

　　以s结尾 加­es glasses

　　以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变y为i再加 families，babies，

　　armies，bodies

　　以“元音字母＋y”结尾 加­s boys

　　以f或fe结尾 大都变f或fe为v再加­es thievesives，knives，shelves，lives

　　少数加­s beliefs

　　以o结尾 通常加­s radios

　　有的加­es heroes

　　合成名词 把中心词变为复数 passers­by

　　常以复数形式出现的名词

　　衣服　glasses眼镜chopsticks筷子

　　裤子

　　goods商品；货物

　　contents目录

　　沙滩

　　woods森林；树林

　　times时代

　　台词

　　surroundings环境

　　belongings财产

　　收入

　　arms武器

　　manners

　　forces军队

　　有两种复数形式的名词

　　fish

　　集体名词的数

　　(1)只表示复数意义的集体名词

　　人人们　police警察　cattle牛

　　(2)侧重成员

　　这类集体名词侧重于成员时，表示复数意义，不再变复数形式；侧重整体时表示单数意义，表示多个这样的整体时有复数变化形式。

　　class班级family家庭team队

　　大众

　　army军队

　　government政府

　　单复数同形的名词

　　绵羊

　　deer 鹿

　　works 工厂

　　方式

　　名词的数量修饰语

　　(1)只修饰可数名词

　　ew

　　several

　　many a(后跟可数名词单数)

　　a number of

　　(2)只修饰不可数名词

　　a great deal of

　　a large amount of

　　(3)修饰可数名词与不可数名词均可

　　plenty of

　　a lot of

　　a mass of

　　quantities of

　　most

　　all

　　名词所有格

　　(1)'s所有格

　　表示人或其他有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's或'表示所有关系。

　　a man's shirt一件男士的衬衫

　　我姐姐的电话号码

　　表示两者或多者各自的所有关系时分别在每个名词的词尾加's或'；表示两者或多者共有时在最后一个名词词尾加's或'。

　　Tom's and Jim's father 汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲

　　nd Jim's father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲

　　表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。

　　at the barber's 在理发店　at the teacher's在老师办公室

　　在我叔叔家

　　一些表示具体的时间、距离、城镇等的名词也's所有格。

　　ten minutes' break十分钟的休息

　　one's throw一箭之地

　　伦敦的供水系统

　　(2)of所有格

　　表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。

　　the title of the song 歌的名字

　　房间的窗户

　　the life of the poor穷人的生活

　　boy standing there站在那儿的那个男孩的名字

　　(3)双重所有格

　　构成 名词＋of＋'s所有格/名词性物主代词 a friend of Jack's

　　用　法 表示部分概念被修饰词前通常有限定词a(n)等 Some friends of my sister's will join us in the game.

　　带's所有格的名词必须是明确限定的、指人的 a book of Mary's

　　前的名词是picture等用of所有格和双重所有格时意义有区别。

　　名词作定语

　　名词作定语往往是说明被修饰词的材料、用途、类别等作定语的名词通常用单数。

　　gold chain金链子coffee cup咖啡杯

　　山村

　　winter holiday寒假

　　常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时用复数；man和woman作定语时其单复数根据被修饰词的单复数变化。

　　运动会

　　sales manager 销售经理

　　男医生

　　women teachers女教师

　　构词法——名词

　　名词在英语学习中很重要在词类中占的比例也很大而且有些词如动词、形容词等通过形式上的变化会成为名词。下面是动词变名词时主要的几种后缀。

　　(1)后加­(t)ion表示“行为或状态”。如actionpollution，solution等。

　　(2)后加­ment表示“行为或结果”。如achievementent，amusement，requirement，statement，development，equipment，disagreement，advertisement，appointment等。

　　(3)后加­er/or表示“……的人”。如reportervisitor，collector，director，inventor等。

　　(4)后加­ant表示“……的人”。如assistantattendant，servant，merchant等。

　　(5)后加­ist表示“……专家从事……的人”。如tourist等。

　　(6)后加­ian/­an表示“有……特征的专长于……的人”。如musician等。

　　(7)后加­ice表示“行为性质状态notice，justice，service，choice等。

　　(8)后加­dom表示“集体领域状态”。如freedomgdom，wisdom等。

　　此外我们平时还要多注意总结、归纳和熟记各类词形变化的知识这样才能在考试中得心应手。

　　Their unexpected________(arrive)threw our plan into confusion.

　　【解析】　arrival　句意：他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。空格前有形容词性物主代词及形容词修饰所以此处要用名词形式arrival。类似的变化还有survive—survival。

　　Are you simple enough to believe what that________(lie)tells you?

　　【解析】　liar　句意：你会蠢到相信那骗子说ar表示人分别是liar(骗子)和beggar(乞丐)。

　　Most female workers in Shanghai suffer from________(anxious)connected to the global financial crisis

　　【解析】　anxiety　句意：根据最近的一份调查上海的大部分职业女性患有由全球经济危机引起的焦虑。介词后面应该用名词形式。

　　“主语＋with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except＋名词”谓语动词的形式与主语一致。

　　A gift together with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers' Day by my students.

　　由either...or...(also)．..连接的并列成分作主语以及there be句式中谓语动词的形式与最靠近的主语一致。

　　Either you or I was wrong in this matter.

　　被every等修饰的名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。

　　Every boy and(every)girl has adapted to the new teacher.

　　两个单数名词由and连接表示同一人或物时谓语动词用单数。

　　The scientist and professor has made great contributions to the research.

　　class等集体名词作主语时若侧重整体谓语动词常用单数；若侧重成员谓语动词用复数。

　　The football team is made up of 22 members.

　　表示由两部分构成的物体的名词如trousers等作主语时谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了a pair of或two/three/...pairs of来修饰谓语动词在数上要与pair的数保持一致。

　　These trousers need cleaning.

　　Here are some new pairs of shoes.

　　表示时间、距离、重量、体积、价格等的复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。

　　I think $5

　　Forty

　　kilometers is a long distance for him to get there on foot.

　　分数或百分数作主语谓语动词根据分数或百分数所指代的名词而定。

　　Two thirds of his income has been spent on books.

　　“a number of＋复数名词”作主语谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语谓语动词用单数。

　　A number of new products have been successfully produced.

　　a large quantity of与large quantities of修饰名词作主语时谓语动词根据quantity的单复数形式而定。

　　A large quantity of trees has been planted on either side of the road.

　　从句、不定式或动名词作主语时谓语动词通常用单数。

　　When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.

　　主语是what引导的从句谓语动词的形式根据主语从句表示的意义而定。例如：What we want is money./What we want are skilled workers.

　　定语从句中关系代词作主语时谓语动词的形式与先行词保持一致。

　　Mr Smith

　　The Smiths，who are now downstairs，are asking to see you.

　　语法填空

　　father.I was a businessman.At the office I had three new __1__(project)，and at home I had a young son who was growing fast and __2__(need)me.I was puzzled and didn't know how to deal with the __3__(relative)between job and family until one day，during my business trip in Chicago，I came across an old family friend Dan，__4__ was once a patient of my father's.He told me something about my father.__5__ was my father that helped him go through the cancer.When Dan knew he got cancer，he was very upset and wanted __6__(give)up，but my father，his doctor，encouraged him to go on __7__(fight)against the cancer.My father said to him，“You have a wonderful life and three fine __8__(child)．Take some time with them.It's family we live for—not just ourselves.Think of that __9__ife's worth the fight.” His words touched me，and I __10__(sudden)realized that family are the most important in the world.I should spend more time staying with them.

　　1．projects　根据前文的three判断应用project的复数形式。

　　needed　need与前文的was并列故应用一般过去式。

　　relationship　根据前面的the可知此处填名词；结合所给的单词relative分析句子意思可知此处指工作与家庭的关系。

　　who　空后是非限制性定语从句先行词是Dan定语从句中缺少主语故用who引导。

　　It　该句是强调句型结构为：It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。

　　to give　want to do sth.“想做某事”后跟不定式。

　　fighting　go on后跟表示“继续做同一件事”。

　　children　根据前面的数词three可知须用复数形式。

　　and　考查祈使句是祈使句和空后的分句是并列关系应用and连接。

　　suddenly　realized为动词应用副词修饰。

　　短文改

　　Today is my mom birthday.

　　This afternoon，I went to the biggest shopping center downtown，and bought a presents for her.Then I took the subway home.Sitting on the train，I thought my mom will be very happy when she saw the present.At the next station，an old man，whom carried two heavy bag，got on the train and stood in front of me.He looked tiring.I hesitated for a moment，and then offered my seat to him.The old man thanked me for a lot and sat down.Seen his smile，I felt happily.

　　From this experience，I will ready to help others in the future.

　　Today is my

　　birthday.

　　This afternoon，I went to the biggest shopping center downtown，and bought a

　　for her.Then I took the subway home.Sitting on the train，I thought my mom

　　be very happy when she saw the present.At the next station，an old man， carried two heavy ，got on the train and stood in front of me.He looked .I hesitated for a moment，and then offered my seat to him.The old man thanked me

　　a lot and sat down.

　　his smile，I felt .

　　From this experience，I willready to help others in the future.

　　1．mom应该使用所有格修饰后面的名词birthday。

　　根据前面的不定冠词a和the present可知应用单数。

　　含宾语从句的复合句中主句的谓语动词是thought为一般过去时从句的时态也要用过去时。

　　先行词为an old man引导词在定语从句中作主语应该用who。

　　可数名词bag前面有two修饰应用复数形式。

　　令人累的”感觉累的”。主语为He根据语意应用tired。

　　非常感谢某人”为某事而感谢某人”。

　　的逻辑主语

　　9．feel是系动词后面接形容词作表语。

　　是形容词＋形容词”组成系表结构。因此will后加be动词。

　　语法填空

　　__1__ was always delighted with perfume.

　　Besides，shopping at this time of the year __2__(be)not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your __3__(foot)or pushed you with their elbows，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

　　Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive __4__(tie)were on display.“They are pure silk，” the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her __5__(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

　　Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes __6__ sale.She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while，she knew that this was a present which __7__(be)bound to please him.

　　When Jane got home，with her small __8__ well­chosen present in her bag，her parents were already at table having supper.Her mother was __9__(excite)．“Your father has at last decided to stop __10__(smoke)

　　1．who　引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语；先行词是her mother故填who。

　　was　所填词作句子谓语由上下文可判断出本句用一般过去shopping，故填was。

　　feet　step on one's feet“踩在某人的脚上”。

　　ties　由后面的谓语动词were可知此处tie“领带”应用复数形式。

　　choice　作句子的主语前面有her作定语故填名词choice。

　　on　on sale “廉价出售”是固定短语。

　　was　定语which指代a present故谓语动词用单数；由上下文判断句子是一般过去时所以填was。

　　but　由small与well­chosen的对比可知该空填转折连词but。

　　excited　主语是her mother作表语的形容词说明主语的心理活动故填excited。

　　smoking　stop后跟动名词作宾语停止做某事”

　　短文改错

　　I'm not doing well in my lessons at school，especial in maths.My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university.He thinks I'm lazy，but it's not true.I work really hard，often study late into the night！I've tried to talk to my motherther don't study very hard，but he always gets excellent grades.It's not fair!

　　The only thing I like are art.My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for year.When I told my dad，all he said was，“You mustn't waste your time in art.You must focus your mind on your lessons！” I'm feeling quite puzzling what to do now.Would you please help me out？Thanks a lot!

　　Lisa

　　Dear Mandy，

　　I'm not doing well in my lessons at school， in maths.My dad says I must try hard because he wants mego to university.He thinks I'm lazy，but it's not true.I work really hard，often

　　late into the night！I've tried to talk to my mother she always

　　I have to work as hard

　　my brother does.My brother

　　study very hard，but he always gets excellent grades.It's not fair!

　　The only thing I like

　　art.My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for .When I told my dad，all he said was，“You mustn't waste your time

　　art.You must focus your mind on your lessons！” I'm feeling quite

　　what to do now.Would you please help me out？Thanks a lot!

　　Lisa

　　1．此处应由副词修饰介词短语in maths。

　　后跟不定式作宾语补足语。

　　与study之间为主动关系故用studying作work hard的伴随状语。

　　根据句意及句子的主语可知此处谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　前有as应构成as...as...结构连接比较状语从句。

　　根据句子的主语My brother可知谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　分析句子结构可知句子的主语为the only thing谓语动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　好多年”。

　　在某事上浪费时间”。

　　主语是I指人的心理状态应用puzzled作表语意为“感到迷惑的”。

　　语法填空

　　__1__ holds these groups together.Language is part of culture.Culture，in this __2__(sensitive)，means all those customs，skills，and attitudes that are part of the behaviors of a __3__(particularly)group.What you think __4__ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you __5__(raise)．Groups of people live in different ways.They may have different skills

　　Human beings are inventive animals.They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various __6__(situation)．Of all living things__7__(clever)．They can choose to live in many __8__(environmental)and in a wide variety of ways.Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help __9__(they)realize these choices.

　　__10__(be)the lasting challenge of being human.

　　1．that/which　空后的定语从句中缺少主语先行词是表示物的名词故填that/which。

　　sense　根据前面的介词及指示代词this可知此处用名词单数。

　　particular　空后是名particular。

　　and　根据前后句的关系判断填and。

　　are raised　根据语境应用一般现在时是raise的动作承受者。故填are raised。

　　situations　根据空前的various“各种各样的”应用名词复数形式。故填situations。

　　cleverest/most clever　根据空前的of短语表示范围应用形容词的最高级。故填cleverest/most clever。

　　environments　根据前面的many可知空格处须填名词的复数形式故填environments。

　　themselves　根据前文的主语they判断填反身代词themselves。

　　is　该句的主语是动名词短语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式故填is。

　　短文改错

　　in many parts of our country，there are still many children in poverty.Their family are too poor to afford school things and clothes on account not having enough money.Worst still，there are still many children who suffer hungry.Schoolmates，please hold out your helping hand to join in us.How you can do is to donate a pencil，a book，a quilt or some clothes to our loving care supermarket in our school.It means little to you，and this small action of warm will mean a lot to the needed.

　　Offering your love to them，and they will not be worried about the school things or suffer hunger.As the saying goes，“The fragrance always stay in the hand that gives the rose.”

　　It is known that in many parts of our country，there are still many children in poverty.Their

　　are too poor to afford school things and clothes on accountnot having enough money. still，there are still many children who suffer .Schoolmates，please hold out your helping hand to join

　　us. you can do is to donate a pencil，a book，a quilt or some clothes to our loving care supermarket in our school.It means little to you， this small action of

　　will mean a lot to the needed.

　　your love to them，and they will not be worried about the school things or suffer hunger.As the saying goes，“The fragrance always

　　in the hand that gives the rose.”

　　1．根据上下文的意思及后面的系动词are可知主语family须用复数形式。

　　由于基于”。

　　更糟糕的是”为固定用法。

　　根据句意及动词suffer的搭配要求可知后须用名词作宾语。

　　句意：同学们请伸出援助之手加入我们吧。join sb.“加入到某人中和某人一起”；join in“参加(活动)”。

　　句意：你能做的就是捐献一支铅笔、一本书、一床被子what可作do的宾语是疑问副词不能作宾语。

　　句意：这对你来说微不足道但是这个温暖的小行动对需要的人来说意义很大。前后为对比表示转折应用but连接。

　　根据前面的介词of可知后面需用名词而不能用形容词ction of warmth“温暖的行动”。

　　句意：把你的爱心给了他们他们既不用担心学习用品也不遭受饥饿啦。这里是祈使句应用动词原形开头。

　　句意：予人玫瑰手留余香。fragrance是单数其后谓语动词应用第

　　语法填空

　　__1__(expect)their parents to give them more pocket money.Why do their parents just give them a certain amount？One main purpose is to let __2__(kid)learn how to manage their own money.The amount of money __3____4__(differ)from family to family.

　　Children are expected to make a __5__(choose)between spending and saving.At first，some young children may spend all of the money soon after they received it.Parents are __6__(usual)advised not to offer more money until it is the right time.By doing so，these children will learn that __7__(spend)must be done with a budget.

　　Pocket money can give children a chance __8__(experience)three things they can do with the money.They can spend it by giving it to __9__ good cause.They can spend it by buying things they want.They can save it for future use.

　　Saving __10__(help)children understand that costly goals require sacrifice.Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children.

　　1．expects　根据上下文判断本句用一般现在时；every...and every...作主语谓语动词用expects。

　　kids　由后文的their可知此处泛指“孩子们”名词kid用复数形式。

　　that/which　引导定语从句在从句中作give的宾语先行词是amount故填that或which。

　　differs　所填词作主句的谓语主语是the amount of money故用单数形式。

　　choice　根据前面的不定冠词判断本空填choice做选择”。

　　usually　作时间状语意为“通常”故填副词usually。

　　spending　所填词作句子主语故填动名词。

　　to experience　chance后用动词不定式作定语表示“做某事的机会”。

　　a　泛指“一个好的理由”故填不定冠词。

　　helps　动名词

　　短文改错

　　I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised positions as a secretary of English.Here I would like to introduce me briefly.

　　I is a 25­year­old young man graduating from the Foreign Languages Department of Jilin University.I has been an English guide for two years after graduation.As a result，my oral English are pretty good.I have great interest the job.I had much confidence in myself.If I am given to the job，I can assure you I will try my best to do it well.I'd like to meet you at your convenient to discuss the possibility of working in your company.An early reply to my application will be high appreciated.

　　Yours respectfully，

　　Wang Yong

　　Dear manager，

　　I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised

　　as a secretary of English.Here I would like to introduce

　　briefly.

　　I

　　a 25­year­old young man graduating from the Foreign Languages Department of Jilin University.I

　　been an English guide for two years after graduation.As a result，my oral English

　　pretty good.I have great interestthe job.I

　　much confidence in myself.If I am given

　　the job，I can assure you I will try my best to do it well.I'd like to meet you at your

　　to discuss the possibility of working in your company.An early reply to my application will be

　　appreciated.

　　Yours respectfully，

　　Wang Yong

　　1．作者申请的是一份工作，所以应用单数名词position。

　　的宾语与主语I是同一人应用反身代词。

　　主语是I时谓语部分的系动词用am。

　　当主语不为第三人称单数时动词have用原形。

　　主语my oral English为第三人称单数因此谓语部分的系动词须用第三人称单数形式。

　　在某方面有兴趣”为固定短语。

　　通过上下文可知此处应用一般现在时。

　　此处give sb.sth.的被动形式为sb.be given sth.或sth.be given to sb.。

　　意为“在你方便的时候”。

　　作副词时意为“高高地”意为“高度地非常”此处表示“非常感激”应用highly。

　　语法填空

　　There are __1__(reason)for being organic and reasons against being organic.It is not __2__(necessary)an either­or decision.Rather，the decision __3__(consume)organic food or not is dependent on the economic，educational and social circumstances of the consumer.

　　According to many researchers，there is a connection between organic food and the __4__(protect)of the environment.Many consumers __5__ know about this connection take it as a motivation to go organic.To reduce their carbon footprint，many even rely only on local organic __6__(product)．

　　__7____8__ prefer sticking with their old habits.To them，one reason not to go organic is that organic food differs from the food they are used to.For some，organic food tastes different __9__(compare)with the food they normally consume.

　　And as organic products generally don't use preservatives(防腐剂)__10__(easy)to go bad.Consumers who choose not to go organic therefore feel organic food doesn't bring them any benefits.

　　1．reasons　根据there are句型可知后面用名词复数形式故填reasons。

　　necessarily　作状语修饰整个句子应该用副词形式necessarily。

　　to consume　decision的后置定语涉及动作意义时常常用不定式形式且此处表示主动意义故应该用不定式的主动形式。故填to consume。

　　protection　此处带有所有格of the environment所以此处应该使用protect的名词形式protection。

　　who/that　此处指前面的many consumers在后面的定语从句中作know的主语故who/that。

　　products　根据句意此处表示很多人只吃当地产的有机产品表泛指意义故应该用可数名词product的复数形式products。

　　However　根据上下文可知此处为与上文所述的相反的事实即有的人不吃有机食物故应该用表示转折意义的副词。故填However。

　　they　根some consumers，在句中作主语故应该用人称代词they来指代。

　　compared　逻辑主语organic food与compare之间为被动关系故应该用过去分词作比较状语。故填compared。

　　easier　根据上下文句意此处表示“(与那些非有机食品相比)更容易变质”表示比较意义故应该用easy的比较级easier。

　　短文改错

　　we given a compass，a map，a first­aid kit，tents，food，any clothes and so on.On the way we climbed three more hills and swam across two rivers.We lost our way in the forest.Lucky we found the right direct with the compass.As soon as they arrived at the campsite，we put up our tents，made a fire and then started cooking.We also learned what to give first­aid.

　　Through the program，we learned to use knowledges gained in class to solve problem.It was quite an unforgettable experience for me.

　　My classmates and I

　　part in a wildness survival program from July 10th to July 13th this summer.Before we started，wegiven a compass，a map，a first­aid kit，tents，food， clothes and so on.On the way we climbed three

　　hills and swam across two rivers.We lost our way in the forest. we found the right

　　with the compass.As soon as

　　arrived at the campsite，we put up our tents，made a fire and then started cooking.We also learned

　　to give first­aid.

　　Through the program，we learned to use

　　gained in class to solve .It was quite an unforgettable experience for me.

　　1．根据语境及全文的时态可知应用一般过去时。

　　句子的主语we是give的动作承受者应用被动语态。

　　一些”用在肯定句中；any“一些”用在否定句和疑问句中。

　　根据上下文只有三座小山应去掉more。

　　根据下文可知此处应用副词作状语。

　　根据句意可知此处指借助指南针找到了正确的方向方向

　　7．根据主句的主语we判断此处应为we。

　　后“疑问词＋不定式”引导的是宾语从句从句中缺少方式状语故应用how。

　　是不可数名词没有复数形式。

　　前没有限定词可数名词单数不能单独使用故改为复数形式。

　　语法填空

　　__1__(educate)and future career.It may even be more important than where you attend college.

　　What you study in school often __2__(determine)what career opportunities you will have when you graduate.There are a number of __3__(step)you can take before making a final decision.Begin by making a list of your personal interests and careers __4__ correspond with them.

　　Next，consider the academic subjects in which you excel.If you're not strong in math you might be better off not choosing engineering.Compare the list of your __5__(interest)with the list of your talents and see which fields overlap.

　　Once you've established a list of potential career fields，research them __6__(far)to determine which college majors are most proper.Then you can get __7__ idea for what courses you'll need to take.If you struggle with these steps，consider __8__(look)for outside help.

　　Choosing a college major you will enjoy __9__(be)important.You might find college life to be less stressful if you enjoy your classes.You might also avoid the unpleasantness that __10__(come)with changing your major.

　　1．education　位于介词后面your修饰故填名词形式。

　　determines　所填词作句子的谓语主语是what引导的名词性从句表示抽象意义所以用单数形式。

　　steps　step是可数名词前面有a number of修饰故填复数形式。

　　which/that　所填的词是定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语先行词是表示事物的名词故用which或that。

　　interests　interest在此是可数名词意为“爱好”根据the list of判断此处需用复数形式。

　　further　此处表示“做进一步研究”含有比较意义而且是抽象概念故填further。

　　an　get an idea“明白理解”是固定短语。

　　looking　consider在此意为“考虑”后用动名词作宾语。

　　is　所填词是句子的谓语主语是动名词短语Choosing...故用单数形式。

　　comes　所填词是定语从句的谓语从句主语that指的是先行词unpleasantness故用单数形式。

　　短文改错

　　ness means？I can't give you the exactly definition of it

　　I'll never forget an old lady.She lives a small house alone.It's said that her husband and her son was killed in a traffic accident.How bitter her life is！But the old lady often help others with a smile.Wherever it snowsaps she is lucky，but I think she is a happy person.Her life are full of laughter and love.

　　Someone asks me what on

　　earth happiness means？I can't give you the

　　definition of it

　　I'll never forget an old lady.She livesa small house alone.It's said that her husband and her son

　　killed in a traffic accident.How bitter her life is！But the old lady often

　　others with a smile. it snowsliving nearby.I am one of .I often remember the stories she told

　　us and her kind smile.Perhaps she is ，but I think she is a happy person.Her life

　　full of laughter and love.

　　1．on earth“究竟”＝in the world为固定短语。

　　是名词需要形容词修饰。

　　是不及物动词应加介词in表示“住在……”。

　　分析句子结构可知主语是her husband and her son两个人谓语部分be的过去时须用were。

　　主语the old lady为第三人称单数谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

　　根据从句的谓语动词snow判断应是“无论何时”用Whenever。

　　应用them指代前文提到的children。

　　给某人讲故事”。

　　根据前文内容可知此处应意为“不幸的”。

　　主语her life为第三人称单数系动词须用is。