2017届贵州思南县中学高考英语一轮复习阅读理解精编：5（含解析）

　　贵州思南县中学2017高考英语阅读理解一轮精编（五）及答案

　　阅读理解—词义猜测题、观点态度题。

　　(2015 年山西忻州四校联考)

　　Have you ever heard of a great Chilean poet? He was of all classes, he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history. And this year is the 110th birthday of Pablo Neruda(1904-1973).

　　Born with the name Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, he was a tall, shy and lonely boy. He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten. The American poet Walt Whitman, whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, became a major influence on his work.

　　However, his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing. To cover up the publication of his first poem, he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.

　　In 1924 Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work “Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair”. Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile made him go beyond the theme of love. His work also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

　　Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative, destructive and forever moving. He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.” I need the sea because it teaches me,” he wrote. “I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself, a renewal echoed(共鸣) in his work.

　　The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “

　　“

　　Poem fan

　　Most important person

　　Famous person from Picasso

　　Freedom fighter in Picasso

　　Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because

　　.

　　He was greatly influenced by other poets

　　Literary greats usually used the pen name

　　His father encouraged him to use the name

　　He wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication

　　Which of the following is not the theme of his works?

　　Social reform.

　　B. love

　　C.

　　political struggle.

　　D. Development of South America.

　　4. the last paragraph mainly tells us

　　.

　　A. Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea

　　B. the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration

　　C. the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast

　　D. Neruda's poems were widely read overseas

　　语篇解读

　　本文介绍了获得诺贝尔文学奖的智利诗人聂鲁达。他是一个受人们尊敬的诗人，曾经被誉为诗坛泰斗。1924年成名于他的作品“二十首情诗和绝望的歌”， 他的作品主题涉及爱情，还反映了美国南部的政治斗争。

　　B 词义理解题。“Picasso”（毕加索）是现代艺术的创始人，西方现代派绘画的主要代表。由此推断他在文学界的地位是非常重要的。

　　D 细节理解题。 根据第三段To cover up the publication of his first poem, he took the pen name Pablo Neruda. 可知，他使用笔名的目的是为了不让他的父亲知道。

　　A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile made him go beyond the theme of love. His work also

　　reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America. 可知，他的诗歌主题不包括社会改革（social reform）在内，故选A。

　　B 细节理解题。根据最后一段He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.可知，大海给予他灵感。

　　【2017模拟】阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　One simple way to create a new tradition is to take photos of your guests and use them the next year as place cards. The holidays are the perfect time to take a break. Take a few moments and think about what means the most to you and your family. You probably will find that the things that are the most meaningful are the memories you've shared through the years.

　　"What is so impressive about family traditions is that they can be whatever you want them to be," says Sandy Sandler, founder of Crafters 4 Kids. "Even if your family never had a special tradition, it's fun to start off with a new tradition that you will carry forward. "

　　Here are a few ideas for creating great holiday traditions to become part of your own family's holiday celebrations.

　　1. Create a written record

　　" Have everyone write something down before dinner that they are thankful for and read it before starting dinner, "

　　Sandler suggests.

　　Giving everyone time to think about this and actually write it down makes it more meaningful and makes people feel more at ease than they would be if they had to think on the spur of

　　the moment. Keep these notes and bring them out on different occasions. It's amazing to see how everyone's lives develop from year to year.

　　2._________________

　　When you create holiday traditions for the youngest members of your family, you will be gradually leaving memories in them for years to come. A favorite tradition could be started with close family friends who gather together all the neighborhood kids for a special party before Christmas. Each child could sign their name in "Santa's Big Book" and write down what they want Santa to bring that year.

　　Then "magically" Santa can appear, take each child on his knee and read aloud what the child has written.

　　3. Take pictures

　　Sandler also suggests taking pictures of everyone each year at the holiday dinner and then using that picture for the following year's place setting. Family pictures always are treasured as presents, too .

　　56.

　　The passage is mainly about ______.

　　A. when to make written records

　　B. where to hold holiday celebrations

　　C. what to do to celebrate holidays

　　D. how to create family holiday traditions

　　57. The underlined part "on the spur of the moment" in the passage probably means "______".

　　A. right away

　　B. every now and then

　　C. for a long period of time

　　D. on an improper occasion

　　58. Which of the following can fill the blank in the passage?

　　A. Do it for the kids

　　B. Write "Santa's Big Book"

　　C. Create holiday traditions

　　D. Get friends to bring gifts

　　59. The purpose of carrying out Sandler's suggestions is ____.

　　A. to teach your kids some good lessons

　　B. to treasure family pictures as presents

　　C. to get along well with neighbors

　　D. to share good memories of your family

　　【参考答案】56—59、DAAD

　　阅读理解

　　“Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making. For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.

　　He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.

　　In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says “The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”

　　Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding；Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.

　　(

　　) 1. According to the text, James March is ____________.

　　A. a poet who uses experience in his writing

　　B. a teacher who teachers story writing in university

　　C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act

　　D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions

　　(

　　) 2. According to James March, experience ______________.

　　A. is overvalued

　　B. is easy to explain

　　C. should be actively sought

　　D. should be inactively sought

　　(

　　) 3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

　　A. Experience makes stories more accurate.

　　B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.

　　C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.

　　D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.

　　(

　　) 4.What’s the purpose of this text?

　　A. To introduce a book.

　　B. To describe a researcher.

　　C. To explain experiential learning.

　　D. To discuss organizational decision making.

　　【答案与解析】

　　【要点综述】文章介绍了James March所著的一本名为The Ambiguities of Experience书。本书针对人们生活中过分依赖经验这一现象作了分析实际上是告诫人们不可高估经验的作用。

　　1．C 细节理解题。根据首段“For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act,”可知。

　　．A 推理判断题。根据首段第一句及第2段“The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），...”可得知March认为人们高估了经验的作用。

　　．B细节理解题。根据第3段“The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”可判断正确答案为B。

　　．A 推理判断题。此题判断作者的写作意图。从首段最末一句“he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.”及末段“Though the book is short, it is demanding；Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons.”可推断出本文是介绍March所著的这本书。One of the worst feelings you have as a professional athlete is the feeling after losing a game to a team that you should have beaten. That happened last night against the lowly Boston Celtics. They had only won 13 games the whole year and were really struggling. We had just come off a very good win against the Orlando Magic on the road and were feeling good about ourselves.

　　The day did not start out good for us when we learned that T-Mac was going to miss the game with the flu. When you lose your best players (Yao, T-Mac) everyone must play a little harder and do a little bit more on the floor. We inserted Bonzi Wells into the lineup (he was the only one to have a good game for us), in place of T-Mac.

　　It was a nasty game. We are usually one of the best three point shooting teams in the NBA and we only made 1 of 22 three point shots! I have never seen that happen. Never! Rafer Alston, Luther Head, and me combined to shoot 5 of 33 from the field. Ouch! You aren't going to win too many games like that. Even as poorly as we shot the ball, we STILL had a chance to win the game in the fourth quarter but failed to make the winning plays that you must make to leave the floor victorious.

　　In the locker room after the game, everybody felt terrible. When we play a bad game, we feel that we let our teammates down. There is a bad feeling in the pit of your stomach when you leave the gym and you just want to go home and not talk to anyone. It is a terrible feeling, but it is a feeling that makes you want to try harder and do better the next time.

　　I'll talk to you guys later.

　　Shane

　　1. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. To blame the team for losing the game.

　　B. To tell the readers about the feeling after losing the game

　　C. To explain why they played poorly in the game.

　　D. To blame Yao Ming and T—Mac for being absent from the game.

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。从第一段第一句话 “One of the worst feelings you have as a professional athlete is the feeling after losing a game to a team that you should have beaten.”并结合后段的描述可知，本文作者是在描述比赛失败后的感受。故选B。

　　2. What can the readers learn from the text?

　　A. The Boston Celtics is one of the top teams in NBA.

　　B. The Boston Celtics had a big win over the writer’s team.

　　C. Every one of the team played poorly with no energy.

　　D. Bonzi Wells starts in the game with T-Mac out.

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。A选项没有在文章中提到；B选项与第一段第三句话“They had only won 13 games the whole year and were really struggling.”不符；C选项与第二段第二句话 “... everyone must play a little harder and do a little bit more on the floor.”不符合。D选项可以从第二段最后一句话 “We inserted Bonzi Wells into the lineup (he was the only one to have a good game for us), in place of T-Mac.”相符合，意为“我们插入Bonzi Wells来代替T-Mac，与D选项意思一致，故选D。

　　3. How do you think the writer might describe his performance that night?

　　A. Tough

　　B. Relaxing

　　C. Terrible

　　D. Efficient

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。从倒数第二段最后一句话 “It is a terrible feeling…”得知，答案为C。

　　4. The text most probably comes from the writer’s _________ .

　　A. blog

　　B. telephone message

　　C. note

　　D. interview

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题考查考生判断文章体裁的能力。A 意为 “博客 ”；B 意为 “电话消息 ”；C 意为“笔记”；D 意为“采访”。解答本题可以结合第一题的问题，通篇文章都是在抒发作者比赛失败后的感觉，所以此内容最有可能是从博客中看到。故选A。

　　【2017模拟】阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Dropout rates are rising, and what are parents and teachers doing? Though some may deeply regret these students dropping out, our schools continue to lack plans to teach motivation. Parents and teachers don't stress the fact that staying in school will help students succeed in life.

　　A recent study by the Department of Education found that 31 percent of American students are dropping out or failing to graduate in the nation's 100 largest school districts. From what I can see, many parents are letting their children drop out, which shows that some students do not have enough support or encouragement to continue.

　　It is reported that about 2,500 students drop out of high schools every day. Writer Ruth Wells says, "Schools expect youth and children to act as though school is important, but they never teach them to believe that. " That is why many students do not feel motivated to stay in school. Since some families are not helping their children become more involved in school, it's up to teachers, counselors(顾问) , and youth professionals to provide this training.

　　Researchers say they were surprised to find that a majority of 456 dropouts interviewed were not what most people would consider underachieving troublemakers. One third of the students said they were failing in school, but more than six out of ten were keeping C averages or better when they quit. Almost half said they were bored or that the classwork seemed unrelated. Another dropout said, "There wasn't any learning going on; they make you take classes you're never going to use in life. " Three out of four said if they could turn the clock back they would choose to stay in school, and eight out of ten said they now recognize that a high school diploma is important to succeeding in life-a lesson learned too late.

　　Teachers need to convince students why they should stay in school. One is to have students name jobs that they can " always"

　　do without a diploma.

　　This will quickly highlight that jobs with the best pay and benefits require a diploma. There may be students who are happy they dropped out, but it is better to get an education and make the best of life.

　　60. What causes students to drop out of high school?

　　A. They are looked down upon at school.

　　B. They are eager to work before graduation.

　　C. They lack enough support and motivation.

　　D. They can do as well in society with no diplomas.

　　61.

　　According to the passage, most dropouts ______.

　　A. reach C averages

　　B. make trouble in class

　　C. fail the exams in school

　　D. begin schooling too late

　　62. Why do most dropouts regret leaving school before graduation?

　　A.

　　They miss previous school life.

　　B.

　　School lessons become more interesting.

　　C. School conditions have improved.

　　D. Their present conditions are unsatisfactory.

　　63.

　　Jobs that dropouts can "always" do without a diploma are probably ____.

　　A. technical ones

　　B. low-paid ones

　　C. unique ones

　　D. high-paid ones

　　【参考答案】60—63、CADB