2017届高考英语语法词汇综合练系列（第01期）：12（全国卷适用）（解析版）

　　2017届高考英语语法词汇综合练第一期12

　　一、根据汉语完成英语句子

　　1.网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。

　　The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than_______ in the newspaper.

　　【答案】that

　　【解析】that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式，后面要有定语修饰，表示特指。本句中that指代不可数名词information后面有介词短语修饰，表示特指。

　　2.“快点啊！公共汽车来啦！”“为什么要快跑啊？两三分钟内还有公共汽车的。”

　　—Hurry up! There’s a bus coming!

　　—Why run? There will be _______ one in two or three minutes.

　　【答案】another　

　　【解析】考查代词。语境表示在两三分钟内还有“另外一”辆公共汽车，another表示“又一，另一”，符合语意。

　　3.专家指出：没有严厉的惩罚措施是导致食物安全问题的重要因素。

　　Experts have pointed out that the absence of _______ severe plays a major role in the growing food safety problem.

　　【答案】punishments

　　4.“你为什么说他进退两难？”“因为他不知道在美国获得博士学位之后是否应该回国。”

　　—Why do you say that he is in a(n) _______?

　　—Because he doesn’t know whether should return to his country after getting the doctor’s degree in America.

　　【答案】dilemma

　　【解析】考查名词。in a dilemma处于进退两难(左右为难)的窘境(困境)。

　　5.我们的老板曾经保证绝对不转让我们的公司，但是当别人肯出好价钱的时候，他就出卖了我们的利益。Our boss promised he’d never sell our company to another firm. But when he got a good _______, he sold us down the river.

　　【答案】offer

　　【解析】考查名词。a good offer好的价钱，好的报价。

　　6.有些人在压力下也能很好地工作，而其他人会变得紧张并且做得很糟糕。

　　Some people work well _______ while others get nervous and do badly.

　　【答案】under pressure

　　【解析】考查介词短语。under pressure在压力下。

　　7.最后，作为对公众压力的回应，为了缓解紧张的形势，总统只好辞职。

　　Eventually, the President had to leave office _______ public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation.

　　【答案】in response to

　　【解析】考查介词短语。in response to表示“作为对……的回应”。

　　8.这篇文章在第一部分对情况给我们做了个概述，然后详尽地做了讨论。

　　The article gives us a summary of the situation in the first part and then discusses it _______.

　　【答案】at length

　　【解析】考查介词短语。at length最后，详细地。此处也可用in detail。

　　9.根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，新学的词汇如果在我们的日常英语交流中不被经常使用的话，很快就会被遗忘。According to the Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve, the newly learnt words will quickly be forgotten if they are not

　　_______ used in our daily English communication.

　　【答案】frequently

　　【解析】考查副词。根据句意可知，frequently“频繁地”符合语境。

　　10.在那所学校，英语是所有学生的必修课。但是法语和俄语是选修课。

　　In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _______.

　　【答案】optional

　　11.小型车在燃料方面更加经济实惠，所以他们受到了更广大顾客的喜爱。

　　Small cars are _______ of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers.

　　【答案】economical

　　【解析】考查形容词。economical经济的，节约的，合算的。小车很省燃料，也就是说很经济。

　　12.中国在文化产业项目发展方面已经相当成功，实现这一个目标确实需要非凡的努力。

　　China has been quite successful in its culture program development and ______ that goal does require extraordinary effort.

　　【答案】achieving/accomplishing

　　【解析】考查动词。achieve/accomplish实现。

　　13.这个偏远山村的村民们经常聚集到一起来传承文化传统，并像他们的祖先一样庆祝节日。

　　The villagers in this remote mountain village often get together to ______ the cultural tradition and ______ the festivals as their forefathers did.

　　【答案】keep up, celebrate/observe

　　【解析】考查动词(短语)。keep up意为“保持，继续”， celebrate/observe“庆祝”符合语境。

　　14.午饭之后我到附近的公园去散步，这样我就能在重返日常工作之前放松一下,让自己恢复精力。

　　After taking a walk at the park nearby after lunch, I can relax a bit and ______ myself before I dive back into my work routine.

　　【答案】refresh

　　【解析】考查动词。根据句意，这里用refresh表示“使恢复精力”。

　　15.庆祝美国国家拥抱日已经跨越了美国国界。似乎这一天可能要在别的国家开始流行起来。(动词短语)

　　The celebration of National Hugging Day has moved beyond America’s borders. It seems the day might

　　_______ and start in other countries.

　　【答案】catch on

　　【解析】考查动词短语。catch on流行。

　　16.正如我们所知道的那样，苹果按重量卖，袜子按打卖。

　　As we all know, apples are sold by _______ weight, and socks are sold by _______ dozen.

　　【答案】/; the

　　17.“我听说你已经看过新的计划了。”“是的，但是怎么实施这个新的计划会上还没有阐明清楚。”(clarify)

　　—I hear that you’ve been shown the new plan.

　　—Oh, yes, but how to carry it out ______ at the meeting.

　　【答案】wasn’t clarified

　　【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。how to carry it out 是这句话的主语，和clarify是被动关系，而且是在已经召开的会议上发生的，用一般过去时的被动。故选C。

　　18.“经理已经出差回来了。他正在找你要那份报告。”“噢，天哪！我还没有完成呢。不是预计他明天才返回公司的啊。”

　　—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.

　　—Oh, my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he _______ back at the company tomorrow.

　　A. was expected

　　B. will expect

　　C. expected

　　D. will be expected

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知，The manager现在已经返回，所以是过去被预期明天返回公司。

　　19.不用担心的。我已经给你派了救护车。他们应该随时会赶到的。

　　Don’t worry. I’ve just sent an ambulance to you. They _______ be there any second.

　　【答案】should

　　【解析】考查情态动词。既然已经派去了救护车，那么他们应该随时会赶到。should在本句中表示预期，意为“应该会，可能”。

　　20.因为大雾我们被滞留在机场了，否则我们就能及时赶上开会了。

　　We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwise we _______ here in time for the conference.

　　【答案】would have arrived

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。这里的otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句，if we hadn’t been stuck at the airport，是和过去相反的虚拟条件句，主句应该是would have done。

　　21.如果你想要你的能力得到认可，你必须把你的能力展现到你的工作当中去而非抱怨。

　　If you want to get your ability _______, you have to show it in your work rather than complain all day.

　　【答案】recognized

　　【解析】考查非谓语动词。get sth. done使某事被……。

　　22.“先生，您有什么东西需要修理的吗？”“我的表总是走得越来越快，你能给修理一下吗？”

　　—Do you have anything _______, sir?

　　—My watch is always gaining time. Can you fix it?

　　【答案】to be repaired

　　【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知此处句子的主语you与repair之间不存在主谓关系，此处应用动词不定式的被动形式。这儿不是have sth. done的结构。

　　23.一些专家持有这样的观点：基础建设是小岛发展的关键之所在。

　　Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is _______ the key to the little island development lies.

　　【答案】where

　　24.在最近的一个视频会议上有人提出了一个建议：必须采取措施来提高公民的交通安全意识。

　　A proposal has been put forward at a recent video conference _______ measures be taken to raise the citizens’ awareness of traffic safety.

　　【答案】that

　　【解析】考查名词从句。proposal与后面的提议为同位语关系，句中不缺成分，因此用that。

　　25.我在浏览报纸的时候，一则小广告引起了我的注意。广告上写着“轻松的工作，工资待遇高。无需工作经验”

　　_______ the newspaper, a small advertisement held my attention, which read “Easy job. Good wages. No experience necessary.”

　　【答案】While I was looking through

　　【解析】考查状语从句。根据非谓语动词作状语的逻辑主语往往要和主句的主语一致原则，所以可以用非谓语动词。根据句意，此句为复合句，用while引导时间从句。

　　26.不同于男孩，女孩在表达她们的真实情感和想法时比较谨慎，因为女孩天性就注重她们的隐私。

　　(要用短语连词)

　　Different from boys, girls tend to be cautious about expressing their real feelings and thoughts______ girls keep their privacy to themselves by nature.

　　【答案】in that

　　【解析】考查状语从句。in that因为。

　　27.“我们一定会仔细考虑你附加在这个项目上的条件的。”“非常感谢。”

　　—We shall take the condition _______ you’ve attached to this project into careful consideration.

　　—Thanks a lot.

　　【答案】which

　　【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为condition，在从句中做attach的宾语，故选C适合。

　　28.我想周二在家工作，但结果却是，有时是周三或周四。

　　I want to work at home on a Tuesday but _______ it turns out, sometimes it’s a Wednesday or a Thursday.

　　【答案】as

　　【解析】考查定语从句。根据句中turn out缺少宾语，此题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句所说的内容。

　　29.“自从上次见到你已经有好长时间了。”“是的，真遗憾！又要过很长时间咱们才能再见面啊！”

　　—It’s a long time _______ I saw you last.

　　—Yes, and what a pity! It will be a long time _______ we see each other again.

　　【答案】since, before

　　30.大雨下了整整一个晚上。直到今天早上才停。

　　It rained heavily overnight and not until this morning _______.

　　【答案】did it stop

　　【解析】考查倒装句。and前后是两个并列的句子，所以not until this morning _______可以看作是一个独立的句子。not until放在句首，谓语动词要使用半倒装结构。

　　二、完形填空

　　This morning I was at my favorite table at a local restaurant when an elderly couple walked in. They both had gray 　 1 　 and the woman was wearing a soft pink sweater under her coat. I noticed that when they got in line they were 　 2 　 hands. It touched my heart. I watched them for a while, thinking about my own 　 3 　. I spoke to the manager and told her that I wanted to 　 4 　 pay for the couple’s breakfast. “Just tell them someone with a name that is not made public was in a low 　 5 　 today and watching them being so 　 6 　 to one another lifted his spirits.”

　　When the manager told them the news, I 　 7 　 to be engaged in my writing. Out of the 　 8 　 of my eye, I could see the couple looking around trying to 　 9 　 which of the many customers was the 　 10 　 person who paid for their meal. In truth, it gave me a warm feeling to do it, to honor them for the 　 11 　 they’d given me. Giving not only 　 12 　 the receiver but also the giver. It’s an activity that makes us realize we’re all

　　　 13 　. That association plays a big part in making the world a(n) 　 14 　 place for people to live in,

　　　 15 　 end you are in. I know I always feel happy when I’ve done 　 16 　 small things for someone else, so I 　 17 　 look for opportunities to give.

　　It doesn’t matter what you do for someone else or what the 　 18 　 value of what you give is. Just take the initiative(主动权)and perform an act of 　 19 　 for someone and notice how you feel. And the best way to give is without 　 20 　 that you will get something in return.

　　语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述在饭店里为一对恩爱老夫妇付饭钱的经历告诉人们，爱的奉献对于接受的人和给予的人都大有裨益。

　　1. A. coats

　　B. skin

　　C. hair

　　D. gloves

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】由首句“This morning I was at my favorite table at a local restaurant when an elderly couple(一对老夫妇) walked in”可知，此处指的是进来的是两位白发老人。gray hair“白发”。

　　2. A. holding

　　B. rubbing

　　C. raising

　　D. clapping

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】由下文的“It touched my heart(打动了我的心)”可推知此处指的应是这对老夫妇很恩爱，排队时手牵着手。

　　3. A. career

　　B. future

　　C. present

　　D. experience

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】作者看了他们一会儿，思考着自己的未来(future)。此处暗示作者也会有变老的一天，不知道到时候自己是否也会像这对老夫妇一样。

　　4. A. publicly

　　B. generously

　　C. quickly

　　D. secretly

　　【答案】D

　　5. A. state

　　B. voice

　　C. condition

　　D. mood

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】下文的“lifted his spirits”暗示此处指作者之前情绪低落。in a low mood是固定用法，表示“心情不佳，情绪低落”。

　　6. A. tied

　　B. accustomed

　　C. attached

　　D. related

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】由上文提到的作者因看到老夫妇手牵手去吃饭而感动的内容可知，此处指看到他们彼此如此依恋让作者的心情好了起来。be attached to 意为“爱恋，依恋，喜欢”。

　　7. A. intended

　　B. pretended

　　C. decided

　　D. hurried

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】作者不想让这对老夫妇知道自己做的事，所以此处指当经理告诉他们这个消息时，作者假装(pretended)自己在忙着写作。

　　8. A. corner

　　B. bottom

　　C. top

　　D. edge

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】see sth. out of the corner of one’s eye 是固定用法，意为“偶然/不经意看到/瞟见某物”。

　　9. A. bring out

　　B. watch out

　　C. turn out

　　D. figure out

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】老夫妇四处观望，想弄明白替他们付饭钱的神秘人是众多顾客中的哪一位。figure out“弄明白，搞清楚”，符合语境。bring out拿出，使表现出；watch out注意，小心；turn out证明是。

　　10. A. curious

　　B. modest

　　C. wealthy

　　D. mysterious

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】参见上题解析。此处用mysterious“神秘的”与上文的“someone with a name that is not made public”相呼应。

　　11. A. help

　　B. advice

　　C. joy

　　D. inspiration

　　【答案】C

　　12. A. improves

　　B. benefits

　　C. acknowledges

　　D. distinguishes

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】结合上下文可知，此处指给予不仅让接受者受益，而且对给予者也有益。benefit“使……受益”。

　　13. A. separated

　　B. devoted

　　C. prepared

　　D. connected

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】给予是一种活动，它能让我们意识到我们都是相互联系(connected)的。下文的“That association”也是暗示。

　　14. A. comfortable

　　B. magical

　　C. wonderful

　　D. interesting

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】这种联系发挥着很大作用，能使世界成为美好的(wonderful)居住地，不论你是在世界的哪一端。

　　15. A. wherever

　　B. whatever

　　C. whichever

　　D. whenever

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】参见上题解析。此处whichever“无论哪一个”引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作定语，强调有范围的选择。

　　16. A. even

　　B. still

　　C. also

　　D. yet

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】作者知道当自己为别人做甚至很小的事情时，自己也总是会感到幸福。因此作者积极主动地寻找机会付出。even“甚至”，表示强调，符合语境。

　　17. A. cautiously

　　B. actively

　　C. voluntarily

　　D. attentively

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】参见上题解析。actively意为“积极地，主动地”，符合语境。cautiously谨慎地；voluntarily志愿地；attentively专心致志地。

　　18. A. economic

　　B. physical

　　C. mental

　　D. permanent

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】根据上下文语境可知，此处指不管你给予别人的东西值多少钱。economic value的意思是“经济价值”。

　　19. A. aggression

　　B. kindness

　　C. will

　　D. unity

　　【答案】B

　　20. A. imagination

　　B. reservation

　　C. expectation

　　D. explanation

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】给予的最好的办法是帮助别人但不期待回报。expectation“期盼，期待”。

　　三、语法填空

　　One day a young man was walking along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed

　　1

　　(come) from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw

　　2

　　pitiful sight. There,

　　3

　　(lie) in the muddy riverbed was a little dog about two months old,

　　4

　　front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud.

　　The young man wanted to help the dog,

　　5

　　as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started

　　6

　　(gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but eventually the dog

　　7

　　(stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared

　　8

　　its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still

　　9

　　(friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Weeks went by and the man continued attending to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail.

　　It was consistent love and kindness

　　10

　　won a lifelong friendship of loyalty.

　　语篇解读：这篇文章讲的是一个年轻人用爱和善良感化了一条受伤的狗，并且获得了永恒的友谊。

　　1.【答案】to be coming

　　【解析】考查系表结构。It seemed to be coming from underneath a bridge,这是一个主系表结构，应该填to be coming。哭叫声似乎来自于一座桥下。

　　2.【答案】a

　　【解析】考查冠词。pitiful sight，本句不缺成分，但sight表示场景时为可数名词，前需用数量词，故填a。他看到了一个令人可怜的场景。

　　3.【答案】lying

　　4.【答案】whose

　　【解析】whose考查关系代词。先行词为dog，定语从句中缺少的是定语，whose front legs =and its front legs。小狗的两条前腿被绳子紧紧地绑着。

　　5.【答案】but/yet

　　【解析】考查连接词。上文“The young man wanted to help the dog, ”与下文“

　　5

　　as he approached, the dog started to bark.”为转折关系。年轻人想要帮助小狗，但是当他靠近时，小狗就开始叫。

　　6.【答案】gently

　　【解析】考查副词。前面是动词start，应该用副词修饰。故填gently。他坐下来开始与小狗轻轻地说话。

　　7.【答案】stopped

　　【解析】考查时态。took a long time but eventually the dog

　　7

　　(stop) barking前一句为过去式，可知后半句也应是过去的时态，故填stopped。过了好长时间，小狗不叫了。

　　8.【答案】for

　　【解析】考查动词短语。care for照料，照顾。年轻人将小狗带回家并照料它的伤势。

　　9.【答案】unfriendly

　　【解析】考查形容词。Even with all of this, the dog was still

　　9

　　(friend) every time the young man approached.句中的“still”提醒我们上下文有转折的意思。尽管年轻人做了这一切，但是每次他靠近小狗，小狗仍不友好。friend为名词，前有be动词，故此处应填形容词unfriendly作表语。

　　10.【答案】that

　　【解析】考查强调句型。对“consistent love and kindness”进行强调。正是始终如一的爱心与善意赢得了终身的忠诚友谊。故填that。

　　四、短文改错

　　Dear American guests,

　　On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have us here in the middle of our English Week activities.

　　As being scheduled, we had English Talent Show today. The purpose of this programme is develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and spoken. The programme consists in the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story told and so on. The Show will begin at two o’clock this afternoon at the Student Center. Dear guests, you are welcomed to take part in our activities. I hope we students will benefit great from your presence.

　　I sincerely hope you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.

　　语篇解读：向嘉宾介绍学校开展的英语周活动。

　　1.【答案】us改为you

　　【解析】考查代词。句意：在我们的英语周活动中，我们很幸运能有你们出席。故把us改成you。

　　2.【答案】把being删除

　　【解析】考查状语从句的省略。as引导省略的状语从句，原句为as it is scheduled。句意：按照安排，我们今天有英语才艺展示。故把being删除。

　　3.【答案】had改为have

　　4.【答案】develop前面加to

　　【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里作表语不可以用动词原形，要用不定式，在develop前面加to。这个节目的目的是开发我们英语学习的兴趣。

　　5.【答案】spoken改为speaking

　　【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词后应当用动名词作宾语，speaking与listening并列，故把spoken改为speaking。

　　6.【答案】in改为of

　　【解析】考查动词短语。consists of意为“包括，由……组成”，是固定词组；consist in意为“在于；存在于”。句意：该方案包括下列活动。故把in改为of。

　　7.【答案】told改为telling

　　【解析】考查名词词组。story told应该与word spelling并列，故把told改为telling。

　　8.【答案】welcomed改为welcome

　　【解析】考查习惯用法。be welcome to欢迎……，是习惯用法，welcome作形容词：受欢迎的。

　　9.【答案】great改为greatly

　　【解析】考查副词。副词修饰动词。故把great改为greatly，修饰动词benefit。

　　10.【答案】hope改为wish