2017版高考英语一轮复习知能演练轻松闯关：必修1 Unit 4《Earthquakes》（含解析）

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2016·北京东城一模)My daughter，____________ job requires her to do a lot of travelling，is always away from home a lot.

　　答案： whose

　　2．As a matter of fact，it was an ____________ (extreme) difficult and dangerous task.

　　答案： extremely

　　3．____________ (trap) in the ruins，the girl still wore a smile，waiting to be rescued.

　　答案： Trapped

　　4．What you said in the class meeting yesterday was indeed an injury ____________ the girl’s pride.

　　答案： to

　　5．____________ (judge)from his accent，he must come from Guangdong.

　　答案： Judging

　　6．On arriving there，we expressed our ____________ (congratulate) to him on his success.

　　答案： congratulations

　　7．—Have you heard of the death of the famous singer?

　　—Oh，really？It will be ____________ shock to the world.

　　答案： a

　　8．The accident caused some damage ____________ my car，but it was nothing serious.

　　答案： to

　　9．Don’t handle the vase as if it ____________ (be) made of steel.

　　答案： were

　　10．It is said that with more forests ____________ (destroy) huge quantities of good earth are being washed away.

　　答案： destroyed

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·山东省实验中学一模)Around the world，girls do better than boys at school. These are the findings of a recent study that looked at the test results of 1.5 million 15­year­olds in 74 regions across the globe. The level of gender equality in those regions made no difference to the results. Other factors，such as the income level of the region also had little impact on the

　　findings. In only three regions—Colombia，Costa Rica and the Indian state Himachal Pradesh—was the trend reversed with boys doing better.

　　So what are the causes of girls’ stronger performance？In the UK，girls outperform boys in exams that are taken at the age of 15 or 16，called GCSEs. According to education expert Ian Toone，this is down to the way girls and boys are brought up.“Boys are encouraged to be more active from an early age，while the restless movements of baby girls are pacified...Therefore，girls develop the skill of sitting still for longer periods of time，which is useful for academic pursuits like studying for GCSEs.”

　　He goes on to say that boys often cluster together in larger groups than girls. Because of this they are more likely to be influenced by peer pressure and develop a gang mentality. He says that GCSEs require a lot of solo work and are not viewed as “cool” in a laddish culture.

　　This is backed up by research in the UK that says girls are out­performing boys at the age of five.So what is the answer？Should girls and boys be educated separately？Or do exams and school curricula need to be changed to better reflect boys’ skills？These are the questions facing educators in many countries.

　　【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在学校里，女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好，本文针对这个现象进行了分析。

　　1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?

　　A．Girls outperform boys in exams in most cases.

　　B．Boys do better in school in poorer areas.

　　C．Girls do better if they are socially equal to boys.

　　D．Boys are not working hard enough in exams.

　　解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Around the world，girls do better than boys at school.These are the findings of a recent study that looked at the test results of...”可知，在大多数情况下，在学校里，女孩的考试成绩比男孩好。故选A。

　　2．According to Ian Toone，what might account for the phenomenon?

　　A．Different characters and personalities.

　　B．Different attitudes to learning.

　　C．Different ways of raising children.

　　D．Different methods in exams.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“According to education expert Ian Toone，this is down to the way girls and boys are brought up.”可知，Ian Toone认为女孩考试成绩比男孩好是因为男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同。故选C。

　　3．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

　　A．To provide the answer to a difficult question.

　　B．To raise awareness in gender differences.

　　C．To advocate separating boys and girls.

　　D．To change school curricula to benefit boys.

　　解析：选B。写作意图题。通读文章可知，由于性别不同，男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同，所受环境的影响也不同，所以女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好。作者在最后一段提出问题——是否应该将男孩和女孩分开来教育或者改革现在的考试及课程以便全面地提高教育质量。由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了让人们提高对性别差异的认识。故选B。

　　4．What might the author discuss in the following paragraphs?

　　A．Education reforms in some countries.

　　B．Examples of boys’ achievement.

　　C．New systems of examinations.

　　D．Advertisement of some schools.

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“These are the questions facing educators in many countries.”可以推出，接下来作者应谈到为了解决这些教育问题，一些国家所进行的教育改革。故选A。

　　B

　　(2016·河南省八市重点高中教学质量测试)

　　School is much more than a place where students gather to learn. For children，school is their

　　first opportunity for social development and introduction to people outside of their family.Students learn to develop individual interests and find other people who share their interests.

　　Music is one of the ways like­minded children come together. When many people talk about the benefits of music education，they’re quick to point out all of the numerous and measurable results of music education：many studies show the positive impact music programs can have on children in other areas of study.

　　Dr. Laurel Trainor，a professor of psychology，at McMaster University，has said young children who take music lessons show different brain development and improved memory compared to children who do not receive musical training.Stanford University researchers have found that musical training improves how the brain processes the spoken word，a finding that researchers say could lead to improving the reading ability of children who have dyslexia and other reading problems.

　　Furthermore，in an analysis of data on more than 25,000 secondary school students，researchers at the United States Department of Education found that students who report consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school perform significantly

　　better in mathematics.

　　There are many reasons why music education can help to make a child a better student，but

　　there also being involved in music is also a social endeavor that can set the course for lifelong

　　friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond.Music education breeds

　　familiarity during a school career，when going from class to class or from school to school every

　　year can be nerve wracking and unfamiliar.

　　【文章大意】　这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了音乐教育帮助孩子更好地发展，开发孩子的智力，增强记忆力，因此音乐教育更有利于孩子的成长。

　　5．What is the function of the first paragraph?

　　A．To show school is the place for students to learn.

　　B．To stress the importance of learning knowledge.

　　C．To lead to the main topic of the passage.

　　D．To explain what the author really thinks of.

　　解析：选C。推理判断题。A.为了展示学校是学生学习的地方；B.为了强调学习知识的重要性；C.为了引出该文章的主题；D.为了解释作者真实的想法。根据文章第一段的最后一句话“Students learn to develop individual interests and find other people who share their interests.”和下面几段都是提到音乐教育的重要性，因此该段就是引出主题。故选C。

　　6．According to the researchers，we can know that ________.

　　A．music lovers tend to use their brain in wise way

　　B．music training can cure children of many diseases

　　C．learning music is beneficial to students’ performance in mathematics

　　D．senior students disliked attending music lessons

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“students who report consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school perform significantly better in mathematics”可知学音乐有利于孩子的数学学习。A.音乐爱好者趋于聪明地使用大脑；B.音乐训练能治愈孩子的许多疾病；C.学音乐有利于孩子的数学表现；D.高年级的学生不喜欢参加音乐课。故选C。

　　7．What does the underlined word “dyslexia” mean?

　　A．Having difficulty with reading.

　　B．Receiving training for music.

　　C．Gaining knowledge from learning.

　　D．Losing the ability to read music.

　　解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据该单词后的other reading problems可推断是诵读困难。A.诵读困难；B.为音乐获得训练；C.从学习中获得知识；D.失去阅读音乐的能力。故选A。

　　8．It can be concluded from the passage that

　　________.

　　A．music can ensure you have lots of close friends

　　B．changing schools is a bad experience for everyone

　　C．music does offer social and understanding benefits

　　D．few schools really focus on music education

　　解析：选C。推理判断题。A.音乐能确保你有许多亲密的朋友；B.转学对于每个人来说是一个不好的经历；C.音乐确实能提供社交和理解的好处；D.很少学校真正地关注音乐教育。通读全文，并根据文章的最后一段的there also being involved in music is also a social endeavor that can set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond可推断选C。

　　Ⅲ.七选五

　　(2016·河北唐山统一考试)You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers，or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else.__1__However，it can also be a great part of your college experience.Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.

　　Be clear from the beginning.

　　Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning.Maybe you need ten minutes before talking to anyone after you wake up.__2__It’s not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.

　　__3__

　　This may seem simple，but it’s probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts.Don’t you think he’ll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game？For all you know，you just step over an uncrossable line.Don’t borrow，use，or take anything without getting permission first.

　　Be open to change.

　　You should expect to learn，grow and change during your time at school.__4__As the term progresses，realize things will change for both of you.Be comfortable to address things that unexpectedly come up，set new rules，and be flexible to your changing environment.

　　Follow the golden rule.

　　__5__No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year，you can take comfort in knowing you act like an adult and treat your roommate with respect.

　　A．Respect your roommate’s things.

　　B．Let your roommate know about your preferences.

　　C．Treat your roommate like you’d like to be treated.

　　D．Living with a roommate is really a wonderful thing.

　　E．Having a roommate surely has its challenges.

　　F．You should correct your bad habits first.

　　G．And the same should happen to your roommate，if all goes well.

　　答案： 1～5.EBAGC