2017届《名师A计划》高考英语新人教版一轮复习配套课件：选修8 Unit 2《Cloning》

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❶pay off得到好结果;取得成功;偿清 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是科学家们的决心和耐心最终获得了回报,这就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生。(教材原句P11) It’s a good feeling to pay off the house after all these years.经过这么多年,终于付清了购买房屋的贷款,这感觉真好。  ◆拓展延伸 pay back偿还 pay for...支付……的费用;付出代价;遭受惩罚 I must remember to pay you back for the concert tickets.我得记着要把买音乐会的票钱还给你。 I’ll pay for her,and you’ll pay yourself.我替她付账,你自己付款。

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 用pay的相关短语的适当形式填空 1.The athlete’s years of hard training paid off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.  2.He had to work part-time so as to pay for his education.  3.That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❷in favor of 赞成;支持 Is it in favor of cloning or against it?它是赞成还是反对克隆行为?(教材原句P12) ◆拓展延伸 be in favor with sb.得到某人的尊重、赞同等 lose favor with sb.失去某人的支持 in favor 受喜爱,受宠爱 in sb’s favor 对某人有利 do sb.a favor=do a favor for sb.帮某人忙 owe sb.a favor 欠某人人情 If you go overboard,the probabilities are not in your favor.如果你鲁莽行事,那么形势将对你不利。 Could you do me a favor?能否请你帮我个忙?

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 用favor的相关短语完成句子 1.你会赞成他的意见吗? Are you in favor of his opinion?  2.请帮忙把灯关掉好吗? Could you do me a favor and turn off the light?  3.我要请史蒂夫接受它。他欠我一个人情。 I’ll ask Steve to take it.He owes me a favor. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❸(be) bound to (do)...一定或注定(做)……;有责任或义务(做)…… Dolly’s death,like her birth,was bound to raise worries.多莉的死,正如她的出生一样,注定让人担忧。(教材原句P14) ◆拓展延伸 be bound for...准备去…… be bound up in sth.忙于某事;热衷于某事物 be bound up with sth.与某事物关系密切 He is bound up in his work with old people.他专心致志于与老年人相关的工作。 The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community.个人福利与社会福利有着密切的关系。

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 完成句子 1.她一生致力于核物理学的研究工作。 Her life was bound up in the study of nuclear physics.  2.他知道自己的前途与公司的前途紧紧地联系在一起。 He knows his future is closely bound up with that of the company.  3.这艘船驶向意大利。 The ship was bound for Italy.  4.在进行这项研究的过程中,我们必将遇到各种困难。 We are bound to meet with difficulties in carrying out this research. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❹in vain白费力气;枉费心机;无效的,无用的 All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病,那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将自费。(教材原句P15) ◆拓展延伸 in advance提前 in debt负债 in despair失望地 in surprise 吃惊地 in amazement 吃惊地 in reality 事实上 in return 作为回报

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 The child’s mouth formed a big O in surprise.那个孩子的嘴巴惊讶地张成了O型。 In reality,things always happen out of expectation.现实中,事情总是出乎意料。 ◆现学活用 用in构成的短语填空 1.His efforts to raise money for his program were in vain because no one showed any attention.  2.Before visiting him,I called him up in advance.  3.He was always ready to help others,in return,he was liked by everyone. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❺in good/poor condition状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏) The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.渡渡鸟的灭绝时间相对较近,所以它的DNA仍然保存良好。(教材原句P17) ◆拓展延伸 be in condition 健康,情形/状况良好 be out of condition 不健康,状况不佳 under favorable/difficult conditions 在顺/逆境中 on condition that如果,条件是…… on no condition 绝对不可(用于句首时部分倒装)

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 Athletes must train to be in condition.运动员必须锻炼以保持良好的竞技状态。 You may stay on condition that you finish your homework before supper.如果晚饭前你能做完作业,那你就可以留下。 On no condition should you mention it before her.你千万不要在她面前提起这件事。 ◆现学活用 用condition的相关短语填空 1.He’ll come on condition that I promise to buy him that new dictionary.  2.On no condition can you travel alone.  3.She arrived late because her bicycle was out of condition. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❶同位语从句 The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.她看起来是在正常成长,这一事实很令人鼓舞。(教材原句P11) 本句是由that引导的同位语从句,解释说明fact的内容。 同位语从句一般由that引导,个别情况下也可由when,where,how,why,whether等引导。同位语从句常放在fact,truth,news,information,idea,thought,hope,suggestion,advice,reply,remark,report等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。 The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.他当选美国总统的消息是真的。 I have no idea where the new library will be built.我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。 We must face the fact that we have run out of all the money.我们已花光了所有的钱,我们必须面对这一事实。

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆特别提醒 suggestion,advice,request,order等意为“建议,要求,命令”的名词时,后接同位语从句通常用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为“should+动词原形”结构,should可以省略。 They also reject any suggestion that they should move out of the district.他们也拒绝接受任何让他们搬出这个地区的建议。 ◆现学活用 单句改错 1.The question that we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet. (that改为whether) 2.The order which we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. (which改为that)

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❷完全倒装 Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。(教材原句P11) 本句为倒装句。表示方位、时间或方向的副词,如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out等置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装。 Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away fled the thief.听到狗叫得厉害,小偷吓跑了。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 ◆特别提醒 如果主语是人称代词,则不能用倒装结构。 Here we go.我们开始吧!

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 完成句子 1.他打开门,一位他从来没见过的女孩站在那儿。 He opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.  2.现在轮到你了。 Now comes your turn. 

　　一、单句填空 1.(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ改编)“You (forbid) to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehane told them.  1.are forbidden。句意:“在这里不允许说‘有人觉得’或者‘人们认为’”,Lehane告诉他们。you与forbid为被动关系,故用被动语态。 2.(2015·上海高考改编)As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers come up with alternatives the traditional work environments of the past.  2.to。句意:随着我们由产业经济时代进入到知识经济时代,办公室设计者已经想出了一些替代传统工作环境的事物。an alternative to...“……的替代品”。 3.(2015·湖南高考改编)As an inexperienced teacher,I tried every means to get them to be quiet,but vain.  3.in。句意:作为一个没有经验的老师,我想尽办法让他们安静,但是徒劳无果。in vain “白费力气”。

　　4.(2015·天津高考改编) struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.  4.It。句意:我突然想到,和另一个队比赛对队里的姑娘们来说也是一个很好的学习机会。It strikes sb.that...为固定句型,意为“某人突然想到……”,此处It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的that从句。 5.(2015·广东高考改编)While watching TV,children do not (mere) absorb words and images.  5.merely。句意:在看电视的时候,孩子们不仅仅被文字和影像所吸引。句中应用副词merely来修饰动词absorb,意为“仅仅”。 6.(2015·福建高考改编)Several years ago I received a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry,who described herself as a world-class fault-finder,almost always (bother) by things.  6.bothered。根据语境可知,bother与其逻辑主语Kerry之间为被动关系,故此处用过去分词短语作定语修饰a world-class fault-finder。

　　7.(2015·北京高考改编)Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs Gilbert.“I think maybe we owe you apology.”  7.an。句意:Dario的妈妈笑着对Gilbert夫人说:“我想也许我们应该向你道歉”。owe sb.an apology意为“应该向某人道歉”。 8.(2015·湖北高考改编)David Brooks,author of The Social Animal:The Hidden Sources of Love,Character,and Achievement,appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed (resist) the temptation.  8.to resist。fail to do sth.表示“未能成功做某事”。 9.(2017·湖南高考改编)From the moment of my (arrive) at the little school,all gloom(忧郁) disappeared.  9.arrival。所填词前有my修饰,应用名词arrival,指“我的到来”。 10.Our government is making efforts to perfect a market systemprices are totally determined by the market.  10.where/in which。定语从句的先行词为a market system,定语从句中缺少地点状语,因此引导词用where或in which。

　　二、单元话题微写作 克隆 根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。 1.尽管科学家有关克隆的研究取得了成功,人们仍对克隆有不同的看法。(pay off;differ) 2.有人赞同克隆,他们认为他们的宠物一旦死去,自己会非常沮丧,而通过克隆则有可能使它们复活。(in favor of;cast down;be brought back to life) 3.有人反对克隆,他们说多莉羊的离世仍使他们感到恐惧。(object to;strike...into one’s heart) 4.克隆动物太复杂,是一项很难完成的任务。(complicated;undertake) 5.在我们积累了足够的准确知识前,任何实际操作都是徒劳无功的,注定会失败。(accumulate;exact;in vain;be bound to)

　　Though scientists’ hard work on cloning research paid off,people’s opinions of cloning differ.Some are in favor of cloning.They think they’ll be cast down once their beloved pets die but they can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.Others,however,object to it.They say the death of cloned Dolly is still striking fear into their hearts.Cloning animals is too complicated and is a difficult task to undertake.Until we accumulate enough exact knowledge,any practice is in vain and is bound to fail. 

　　选修8 课前自主排查 -*- 课文要点回顾 名师高效课堂 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 选修8 课前自主排查 -*- 课文要点回顾 名师高效课堂 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 课前自主排查 选修8 课前自主排查 -*- 课文要点回顾 名师高效课堂 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 课文要点回顾 选修8 课前自主排查 -*- 课文要点回顾 名师高效课堂 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 名师高效课堂 选修8 课前自主排查 -*- 课文要点回顾 名师高效课堂 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 课堂限时检测 Unit 2　Cloning 重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 1.differ vi.不同;相异 different adj.不同的;差异的 difference n.不同;差异 2.exact adj.精确的;准确的 exactly adv.精确地;准确地 3.commercial adj.商业的;贸易的 commerce n.商业;贸易 4.straightforwardadj.简单的;直接的;坦率的 5.undertake vt.着手;从事;承担 undertook (过去式) undertaken (过去分词) 6.cast vt.扔;投;掷 cast (过去式/过去分词)

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 7.

　　n.不赞成,反对;异议 objectvi.反对,不赞成 n.物体;目标 objective adj.客观的;目标的;宾格的 n.目标,目的 8.medium n.媒介;手段;工具 media(pl.) 9.obtain vt.获得;赢得 10.conservative adj.保守的,守旧的 11.forbid vt.禁止,不准 forbad(e) (过去式) forbidden (过去分词) forbidden adj.被禁止的;禁用的 12.accumulate vt.& vi.积累;聚积 accumulation n.积累;聚集

　　objection 重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 13.constitution n.宪法;章程 constitutional n.宪法的;符合宪法的 14.compulsory adj.必须做的,义务的;强迫的,强制的 15.owevt.欠

　　(账、钱、人情等);归功于…… 16.retire vi.退休;离开 retired adj.退休的 retirement n.退休 17.bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰 18.assumption

　　n.假定;设想 assume vt.假定;设想 assuming conj.假定;假设 19.regulation n.规则;规章;法规 regular adj.规则的;定期的

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 20.strike vt.&vi.撞击;罢(工、课等);打n.罢工;攻击 struck (过去式/过去分词) 21.vain

　　adj.虚荣的;徒劳的;自负的 22.resist

　　vt.抵抗;对抗 resistance

　　n.抵抗;对抗 23.decoration n.装饰 decorate

　　vt.& vi.装饰;装修 24.reasonable adj.合理的;讲道理的;公道的 reason n.原因,理由

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 1.pay off 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清 2.cast down 使沮丧;使失望 3.object to 反对,不赞成 4.in favo(u)r of 赞成;支持 5.(be) bound to (do)... 一定或注定(做)…… 6.strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 7.from time to time 不时,偶尔 8.bring back to life 使复活,使复生;使活跃起来 9.in vain 白费力气;枉费心机 10.in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏),情况很好(坏)

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 1.她看起来是在正常成长,这一事实很令人鼓舞。 The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 2.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 3.研究克隆的科学家沮丧地发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上。 Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 4.多莉的死,正如她的出生一样,注定让人担忧。 Dolly’s death,like her birth,was bound to raise worries. 5.其优点是,如果发生了某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.

　　Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is that gardeners use it 1.to produce(produce) commercial quantities of plants.The other is that it is 2.valuable(value) for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However,the process of cloning is difficult 3.to undertake(undertake).  Many 4.attempts(attempt) to clone mammals failed.The first successful clone,Dolly the sheep,made the whole 5.scientific(science) world follow its progress,though it had more problems 6.than the normal sheep.On the other hand,Dolly’s appearance 7.raised(raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact 8.on/upon the media and public imagination.Some countries accumulate abundant evidence that cloning could provide for medical aid.9.However,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and 10.where it is leading us.

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❶differ vi.不同;相异 Think about how they differ.考虑一下他们有什么不同。(教材原句P10) ◆常见用法 differ in在……方面不同 differ from与……不同,不同于;与……意见不一致 differ on/about/over sth.在……上持不同意见 They differ in size but not in kind.它们只是大小不同,而实质是一样的。  We differ about moral standards.我们对道德标准的看法不一致。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 1.different adj.不同的;差异的 be different from与……不同 2.difference n.不同,差异 make a difference起作用;产生影响 tell the difference 分辨差异 ◆现学活用 用适当的介词填空 1.The two systems differ in many respects. 2.People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress. 3.The two lawyers differed about/on/over how to present the case. 4.The publishing business is no different from any other business in this respect.

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❷undertake vt.着手;从事;承担;答应(做某事) It is a difficult task to undertake.这是一项很难完成的任务。(教材原句P11) ◆常见用法 undertake sth.着手/承担/从事某事 undertake to do sth.答应/着手做某事 undertake that...保证…… The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.这位律师免费承办那个案子。  Will you undertake to let him know what has happened?你能答应会把发生的事情告诉他吗? 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 完成句子 1.他答应在星期五以前完成那项工作。 He undertook to finish the job by Friday.  2.我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。 I can undertake that you will enjoy the trip. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❸cast vt.扔;掷;向……投以(视线、笑容等) Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.研究克隆的科学家沮丧地发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上。(教材原句P12) 重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆常见用法 cast down丢下,扔下;使向下;使沮丧(常用被动语态) cast off 抛弃,丢弃;与……断绝关系 cast out 扔出;驱逐 cast a look/glance at向……瞥一眼 cast sb.into prison 把某人送进监狱 cast light on/upon弄清楚 The enemy cast down their weapons and surrendered.敌人丢掉武器投降了。  Can anybody cast light on how this chair got broken?谁能帮忙查清这把椅子坏掉的原因? 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 完成句子 1.那个小女孩拘谨地站在老师面前,垂下了目光。 Standing timidly before the teacher,the girl cast down her eyes.  2.他没找到工作,十分泄气。 He was much cast down by his failure to find work. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❹objection n.不赞成;反对,异议 On the other hand,Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面,多莉羊的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对,对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。(教材原句P12) ◆常见用法 raise an objection to sth.对某事提出异议 have/make an objection to (doing) sth.对(做)某事表示反对 None of them raised any objection. 他们谁也没提出反对意见。  The little boy has a strong objection to getting up so early. 这个小男孩极不愿意这么早起床。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 1.object vi.反对,不赞成 n.物体;目标 object to sb./sth.反对或不赞成某人/某事 object to doing sth.反对做某事 object that...反对…… 2.objective adj.客观的;目标的;宾格的 n.目标;目的 I really object to being charged for parking.我非常反对收停车费。 I objected that he was too young for the position.我反对的理由是他太年轻不适合这个职位。 重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.The match was cancelled because most of the members objected to having(have) a match without a standard court. 2.My main objection(object) to the plan is that it costs too much.

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❺forbid vt.禁止;不准 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning...有些政府开始改革法律制度,明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究……(教材原句P12) ◆常见用法 forbid (doing) sth.禁止(做)某事 forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事 I forbid you to tell anyone.我不许你告诉任何人。  My doctor has forbidden me sugar.医生不许我吃糖。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 forbidden adj.不允许的;禁用的 It is forbidden to do sth.禁止做某事 ◆现学活用 完成句子 1.在某些阿拉伯国家,妇女不戴面纱禁止外出。 In some Arab countries,women are forbidden from going out without a veil.  2.该国禁止宗教信仰不同的人结婚。 It is forbidden in the country to marry someone who is not a member of the same faith.  3.校长禁止在办公时间抽烟。也就是说,所有的老师都禁止在学校抽烟。 The school headmaster forbids smoking during office hours.That’s to say,all of the teachers are forbidden to smoke at school. 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❻owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于…… You owe the lady an apology.你必须向这位女士道歉。(教材原句P13) ◆常见用法 owe sb.sth./owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 owe...to...把……归功于…… owe it to sb.that...多亏某人…… I owe him ten dollars=I owe ten dollars to him.我欠他10 美元。  The young writer owed his success to his teacher’s encouragement.这位年轻作家把自己的成功归功于老师的鼓励。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆拓展延伸 表示“由于”的短语: owing to由于(作表语或状语) as a result of因为,由于(作状语) thanks to多亏;由于(作表语或状语) on account of因为(作状语) Owing to our joint efforts the task was fulfilled ahead of schedule.由于我们的共同努力,任务提前完成了。 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.She owes her success to good luck more than to ability. 2.Owing(owe) to my lack of experience,I didn’t do the work well. 3.I owe it to you that I passed the examinations.

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❼bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰;令人烦恼的事或人 However,the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.然而,之后她患上了严重的肺病,这一问题使科学家们很困扰。(教材原句P14) ◆常见用法 bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother about/with sth.为某事烦恼 bother to do/doing sth.操心做某事 It bothers sb.that...使某人苦恼的是…… It bothers sb.to do sth.做某事使某人苦恼 The problem has been bothering me for weeks.那个问题已经困扰我几个星期了。  It bothers me that he can be so insensitive.他这样麻木不仁,我心里很不痛快。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.—Hey,if you can’t enjoy that at a sensible volume,please use the earphone.I’m studying. —Oh,I’m sorry.I didn’t realize it was bothering(bother) you.  2.I’m very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion. 3.Around two o’clock every night,Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers(bother) us.

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ❽strike vt.& vi.打;撞击;罢工 n.罢(工、课等) ...proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.……证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。(教材原句P15) ◆常见用法 1.strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心 strike sb.in/on the...打某人的(身体的某个部位) be struck by/with sb./sth.被某人/某物打动 It strikes/struck sb.that...某人突然想到…… 2.go on strike举行罢工 be on strike在罢工 She struck him on the nose.她打中了他的鼻子。  It struck me that there was no one at home.我突然想起家中没有人。 

　　重点短语 重点句型 重点单词 ◆现学活用 单句填空 1.What struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son. 2.It struck me that she had come to return books. 3.He felt that he was struck on the head.

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