2017届重庆市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选编精练：51（含解析）

　　重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（5）（附解析） 2017·泰安高三二轮复习质量检测Howie Choset，a roboticist，has been researching and building robots，particularly snake robots，at Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University for years.

　　Choset believes that his snake robot and others like it help reduce medical costs by making complex surgeries (外科手术) faster and easier.Choset says his new design is smaller and more flexible than earlier models.The size of surgical robots allows surgeons to operate with far less damage to the body，helping the patient heal faster.For example，instead of opening the entire chest up during heart surgery，a small hole is made，and a thin robotic snake crawls inside to the proper spot.

　　Dr Ashutosh Tewari of Cornell University Medical Center has used robotic tools to perform thousands of operations.Tewari said he’s most excited about the potential for surgical robots to do things humans can’t do.He said the variety of sensors available for surgical robots keeps expanding，even as they get smaller.He said they may one day be able to test chemicals or blood in the body，or even the electrical connections in nerves.

　　Choset has also built larger snake robots designed for search and rescue，or just exploration.They can climb poles or trees and then look around through a camera in the head，and slid through places humans can’t reach.

　　Another expert at Carnegie Mellon stresses that there’s still an enormous gap between humans and even the most high­tech robots.Manuela Velosa noted that robots have been built that are good at one or two tasks—but not at the variety of tasks humans perform without even thinking.

　　Velosa has been building robots that ask humans for help when they don’t know what to do，as well as teams of robots that play soccer against each other.Sometimes，the robots surprise her by having once defeated the other team.

　　“It was programmed by me，but it looked to me as if they learned，” she said.“I believe we are much closer to having robots be able to exist with humans peacefully.The beautiful thing is you see the robots learning.”

　　1．How does Choset help save medical costs?

　　A．By changing the size of robots frequently.

　　B．By designing larger snake robots.

　　C．By making complex surgeries faster and easier.

　　D．By improving the models of earlier snake robots.

　　．The main advantage of using the thin surgical robot is________.

　　A．reducing the damage to the body

　　B．proving the technology useful to them

　　C．helping the doctors make much money

　　D．worsening the patient’s sickness

　　．According to Manuela Velosa，________.

　　A．robots will replace humans in the future

　　B．robots can do much better than humans at some tasks

　　C．no robots can be made to turn to humans for help

　　D．robots are able to learn by themselves

　　．What can be inferred from the text?

　　A．The snake robot is thought to have no potential.

　　B．Larger snake robots are not practical.

　　C．Doctors will refuse to use the snake robot.

　　D．The future robot will be smarter and more popular.

　　．What is the text mainly about?

　　A．Three famous roboticists.

　　B．Researching and building robots.

　　C．How to make snake robots.

　　D．Different ideas on robots.

　　语篇解读　本文是一篇科研报告。文章主要介绍了用于外科手术中的蛇形机器人。

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Choset believes that his snake robot and others like it help reduce medical costs by making complex surgeries (外科手术) faster and easier.”可知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“The size of surgical robots allows surgeons to operate with far less damage to the body，helping the patient heal faster.”可知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“Sometimes，the robots surprise her by having once defeated the other team.”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“He said they may one day be able to test chemicals or blood in the body，or even the electrical connections in nerves.”和对文章最后一段的整体理解可推知，答案D“未来的机器人将会越来越智能，越来越受人欢迎”符合文意。

　　答案：　D

　　．解析：　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的开篇点题和对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的是对机器人的研究和建造，故答案B符合文意。

　　答案：B2017·安徽卷A改编）

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　　This is NOT a watch for ordinary people!

　　Your electronic PENGO WATCH CONTROL

　　 acts as a remote control for TVs and videos.

　　 gives you a daily weather forecast.

　　 reminds you when to hand in your homework.

　　 sets off a silent warning alarm when parents or teachers are near.

　　Besides, your PENGO WATCH CONTROL

　　will always tell you the time accurately!

　　Originally sold for $199

　　NOW ONLY $99

　　For further information, click here.

　　Personal Robot

　　Make your parents and teachers happy !

　　Are you having problems finishing your homework on time? Do you avoid tidying your room until your mom shouts at you? You don’t need to worry if you buy a Mr. Helping Hand personal robot.Mr. H can be programmed to organize your homework.Your own personal robot will follow you around, putting away books and objects that you have left on the floor or bed.

　　Mr. H also has these features (特点)

　　·weighs only 500 grams

　　·includes long-lasting batteries

　　·comes with a 5-year guarantee

　　·remembers simple instructions

　　Originally (最初) sold for $499

　　NOW ONLY $299

　　BUY

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　　1. With help from a Mr.H, you can

　　.

　　A. stop using batteries.

　　B. finish your homework on time.

　　C. remember your teacher’s instructions.

　　D. get your room tidied on your way home.

　　2. A PENGO WATCH CONTROL can help you to

　　.

　　A. repair your TV

　　B. organize your homework

　　C. be a James Bond

　　D. know what the weather is like

　　3. You can get your Mr. H for

　　.

　　A. ＄499

　　B. ＄299

　　C. ＄199

　　D. ＄99

　　4. Where would you be most likely to find the two texts?

　　A. On a notice board

　　B. In a company brochure.

　　C. On a teenage website

　　D. In a college newspaper.

　　文章大意：本文是一则广告，宣传了两个产品Personal Robot和WATCH CONTROL，同时详细说明了这两种产品的特点和具体的购买信息。

　　1.B。细节题。根据第一则广告Mr. H can be programmed to organize your homework.可知这个机器人可以帮助做家庭作业。故B正确。

　　2. D。细节题。根据第二则广告gives you a daily weather forecast.可知这个手表会告诉你天气预报。故D正确。

　　3. B。细节题。根据第一则广告最后3行Originally (最初) sold for $499

　　NOW ONLY $299可知现在只要299美元就可以买到了。故B正确。

　　4. C。推理题。根据第二则广告最后一行For further information, click here.中的click点击。可知本文是从网页上摘录下来的。故C正确。

　　（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文　话题：时间的320　时间：5′

　　Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us.Physicists have created_fascinating theories,but their time__is__measured__by__a__pendulum__(钟摆) and is not__psychological time,__which__leaps__with_little_regard_to_the_clock_or_calendar.As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”

　　Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age.They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass.For example, a days at the office flies compared with a days at the beach.Since most of us spend fewer day at the beach and more at the office as we age, an increase in structured time could well be to blame for why time seems to speed up as we grow older.

　　Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly.Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we've never been before.Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no idea of when we'll arrive, we experience the trip for a long time.But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time.The novelty of the journey has become routine.Thus, taking a different route sometimes can often help slow the clock.

　　When days become as similar as beads (小珠子) on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day.To handle this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day—to stop time.

　　Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passing of time.One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery.For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn't have to be.

　　【语篇解读】　文章先讲述了人们感受到的时间快慢与物理上的时间是有所不同的，并举例说明，且提出了一些能“减缓”时间的办法。

　　1．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is used to show ________．

　　A. physical time is different from psychological time

　　B．time should not be measured by a pendulum

　　C．psychological time is quite puzzling

　　D．physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time

　　答案　A　

　　．Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older?

　　A．Our sense of time changes.

　　B．We spend less time at the beach.

　　C．We have too many appointments.

　　D．More time is structured and scheduled.

　　答案　D　

　　．In Paragraph 3 “novelty” probably means ________．

　　A．unfamiliarity

　　B．excitement

　　C．imagination

　　D．amusement

　　答案　A　

　　．Which statement is TRUE according to the article?

　　A．Expectation makes time seem to run slowly.

　　B．Sitting with a pretty girl always makes time flow fast.

　　C．A day at the office is longer than a day at the beach.

　　D．Learning a new language is a good way to slow time.

　　答案　D　

　　．The purpose of the passage is to ________．

　　A．describe how we experience time psychologically

　　B．explain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologically

　　C．show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time

　　D．give various explanations about time

　　答案　B　A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　(2016·河南省六校联考)Food is always the best weapon to fight against time rather than using cosmetics and health products. The food on the following list will help you to keep fit, maintain a healthy heart, increase immunity and spend everyday happily.

　　Avoid Memory Loss

　　Fresh cheese will contribute to memory improvement because of its linoleic acid. It is also good for your bones due to the high calcium level. Eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter, green pepper, cauliflower, pork liver and oysters are also good for your memory. A cup of red wine everyday is good for the nerve cells.

　　Fight Against Fat

　　Choosing the right food is an easy way to keep fit, like eating tuna fish, which is low in sugar and fat and also has few calories. Furthermore, it contains a variety of high quality protein and other nutrients, and it tastes good. Rich in iron, it is especially good for young women. Tuna fish is considered to be a great source of protein. Eating 85 grams of tuna fish will provide you with 20 grams of protein; therefore you don't have to worry about gaining weight when you eat it. Eating tuna fish is definitely a good choice to help keep fit.

　　Clean Blood

　　Breakfast with bread and honey is a wise choice for women. And the darker the honey, the better it is for you. According to research, dark honey is the best protection for human cells as it contains abundant elements with anti­oxidant functions. The elements found in honey will help clean your blood and prevent cardiac and cerebral diseases. If you like to exercise in the winter, you should eat more honey. The carbohydrates in honey will maintain your blood sugar level.

　　Increase Immunity

　　Oranges contain the most vitamin C, 30 percent more than other kinds of fruit. The simplest and most effective way to prevent winter colds is to eat oranges. 1 or 2 oranges a day will satisfy the body's demand for vitamin C.

　　Young Heart

　　Flavonol in broccoli florets can make people stronger and prevent cancer. Research conducted on 34,000 women revealed that flavonol can protect the heart and lower myocardial infraction from happening by a rate of 15－20 percent. However, flavonol in other plants such as tea or apples do not have this ability. Other than broccoli florets, walnuts are also good for the heart as they contain unsaturated fatty acid.

　　Breast Protection

　　According to latest US research, the risk of breast cancer in women who eat an egg everyday is 18 percent lower than those who don't eat eggs. Swedish scientists have found that rye has the same function as it has the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

　　Maintain Your Youth

　　Not everyone likes peanut butter, but no one should neglect it because of its strong anti­oxidation functions that come from the vitamin E it contains. It is also good energy food. Unsaturated fatty acid in peanut butter can help people feel full and the carbohydrates in it can give people greater physical strength and vigor.

　　1.Who will pay much attention to this passage?

　　A.Those who are suffering diseases.

　　B.Those who are intended to keep fit and stay beautiful.

　　C.Those who are in need of advice on health.

　　D.Those who are old and in bad condition.

　　2.Which statement is TRUE?

　　A.Only eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter are good for your memory.

　　B.Fresh cheese is also good for your bones due to its linoleic acid.

　　C.A cup of red wine everyday can avoid memory loss.

　　D.Containing a variety of high quality

　　protein and other nutrients, Tuna fish doesn't taste good.

　　3.If you want to clean your blood, what should you take in?

　　A.Whole wheat bread.　B.Honey.

　　C.Tea.

　　D.Oranges.

　　4.What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?

　　A.All of us don't like peanut butter though we can't neglect it.

　　B.Eating an egg every day can inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

　　C.Peanut butter isn't popular because it is good energy food.

　　D.The more eggs, the less risk of breast cancer.

　　1．解析：选B　推理判断题根据第一段“Food is always the best weapon to fight against time rather than using cosmetics and health products”和“help you to keep fit, maintain a healthy heart, increase immunity and spend everyday happily”可知答案2．解析：选C　细节理解题根据第二段“A cup of red wine everyday is good for the nerve cells.”和第三段可知答案3．解析：选B　细节理解题根据第四段“The elements found in honey will help clean your blood”可知答案4．解析：选A　推理判断题根据最后两段和最后一段“Not everyone likes peanut butter, but no one should neglect it”可知答案