2017版高考英语北师大版《名师伴你行》一轮复习课时作业：7《The Sea》（含解析）

　　课时作业(七)　The Sea

　　A卷

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．I'll make ________ (arrange) for you to be met at the airport.

　　2．I was ________ (terrify) out of my mind, giving my first public performance.

　　3．It didn't take much ________ (persuade) to get her to tell us the truth.

　　4．From time to time his sharp cough broke the rather ________ (frighten) stillness.

　　5．In the light of recent ________ (discover), it may be necessary to revise our previous theory.

　　6．He glanced at the envelope and ________ (recognition) his uncle's handwriting.

　　7．Of those wounded in the battle, only three ________ (survival), and now they all have passed away.

　　8．The journey along this route is very ________ (attract) for its picturesque scenery.

　　9．Yesterday Michael ________ to his boss for being late, but much to his disappointment, he didn't accept his ________.(apologise)

　　10．In our daily life, we use fuels which ________ the environment very badly, and it is reported that twenty­five thousand deaths per year are caused by air ________.(pollute)

　　答案：

　　1．arrangements　2.terrified　3.persuasion

　　4．frightening　5.discoveries　6.recognised　7.survived

　　8．attractive　9.apologised；apology　10.pollute；pollution

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．Can you __________________________ the Industrial Exhibition tomorrow morning?

　　你能不能安排我们明天上午参观工业展览会？

　　3．I finally managed to __________________ for a drink with me.

　　我最后终于成功地说服她跟我一起出去喝一杯。

　　4．People __________________ in many public places in England.

　　在英国，许多公共场所禁止吸烟。

　　5．Some strange customs __________________ earlier times.

　　有些奇怪的风俗从古代沿袭下来。

　　6．Beautiful flowers in the streets of Beijing __________.

　　北京街上的漂亮花朵吸引了许多人的注意。

　　答案：

　　1．arrange for us to visit　2.persuade her to go out

　　3．are banned from smoking　4.have survived from

　　5．attracted many people's attention

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2015·长春第三次质检)Windows 8，apart from Windows 95，is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system that has been changed from the core(核心) when compared to its former one.However，a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows.The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated，and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.

　　Generally speaking，there are a great number of plus_sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.

　　Speed—this is the biggest advantage to mention.Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.

　　New passwords—instead of typing your passwords，Windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your passwords.This is not only practical but also extremely cool!

　　Windows 8 experience—apart from computers，Windows 8 will be used on all devices，including smartphones，tablet PC's and so on.Also，owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind，Windows 8，besides using the keyboard and mouse，will offer a whole new user experience.

　　However，there are still some disadvantages.

　　The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start menu from Windows.Yes，there is no Start button in the lower left corner，and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users.Also，many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface (界面) introduced by Windows 8.The biggest problem that is worth noticing is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users，and this may have a bad effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.

　　1．What do “plus sides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?

　　A．Math symbols.B．Strengths.

　　C．New rules.

　　D．Messages.

　　2．According to the text，the greatest advantage of Windows 8 is its ________.

　　A．complex passwords

　　B．high speed

　　C．unique experience

　　D．new interface

　　3．From the text we can learn that Windows 8 ________.

　　A．no longer requires a password

　　B．was upgraded from Windows 95

　　C．will be popular with desktop users

　　D．can be used on more than computers

　　4.Many Windows 8 users face the problem that ________.

　　A．the Start menu is hidden in the lower left corner

　　B．they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons

　　C．the keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer

　　D．they don't get accustomed to the new interface

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Windows 8的优缺点。

　　1．B　解析：词义猜测题。根据plus这个词的本义和下文中提到的“Speed”，“New passwords”，“Windows 8 experience”这三个优点以及“However, there are still some disadvantages.”可知，plus sides在此应指“优点”，故选B项。

　　2．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Speed—this is the biggest advantage to mention.”可知，高速是Windows 8的最大优势。

　　3．D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smartphones, tablet PC's and so on.”可知，Windows 8除了电脑之外，还可以在所有的设备上使用，因此选择D项。

　　4．D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8.”可知，Windows 8的使用者面对的一个问题就是他们不习惯新界面。故选D项。

　　B

　　(2016·西安中学月考)The term “smog” was first used in London during the early 1900's to describe the combination of smoke and fog.What we typically call “smog” today is a mixture of pollutants but is primarily made up of ground ­ level ozone (臭氧)．

　　Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on where it stays.The ozone staying high above the Earth protects human health and the environment, but ground­level ozone is responsible for the choking, coughing, and painful eyes associated with smog.The ozone in smog also prevents plants growth and can cause widespread damage to crops and forest.

　　Major smog occurrences often are linked to heavy motor vehicle traffic, high temperatures, sunshine, and calm winds.Weather and geography affect the position and severity of smog.Because temperature regulates the length of time it takes for smog to form, smog can form faster and be more severe on a hot and sunny day.When warm air stays near the ground instead of rising and winds are calm, smog may stay trapped over your city for days.As traffic and other sources add more pollutants to the air, the smog gets worse.Smog is often more severe away from the pollution sources because the chemical reactions that cause smog occur in the atmosphere while the reacting chemicals are being moved by the wind.

　　Smog is a visible example of air pollution.You can look into the distance during the day to see how much smog there is in the air.In addition, most cities measure the concentrations of pollutants in the air and report the results to the public.

　　Environmental Protection Agency sets national standards for pollutants.Areas that fail to meet the standards for at least one air pollutant are called “nonattainment (不达标) areas”．New measures are being taken by local governments across the country to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas.These include: banning charcoal barbecues and wood burning in stoves or fireplaces when pollution levels are high; developing programs to encourage carpooling and voluntary “ozone actions”； limiting traffic in overcrowded areas; expanding or improving public transportation systems; requiring employers to contribute to employee public transportation costs; assessing “smog fees” on cars according to the number of miles driven and vehicle emissions (排放) produced; and even buying and breaking up older “super­dirty” cars.

　　5．According to the passage, ground­level ozone can________.

　　A．damage the environment

　　B．benefit human health

　　C．protect crops and forest

　　D．limit the spread of smog

　　6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Air quality is better in time of calm wind.

　　B．Smog is more severe near pollution sources.

　　C．It takes more time for smog to form in hot weather.

　　D．Chemical reactions occur in the moving air and cause smog.

　　7．Which indication shows more exactly the air is poor?

　　A．Heavy motor vehicle traffic in big cities.

　　B．Widespread damage of crops and forest.

　　C．Clear outlines of hills in the distance.

　　D．High concentrations of pollutants in the air.

　　8．What is included in the measures being taken by the local governments?

　　A．Unconditional banning of wood burning.

　　B．Encouraging carpooling and public transportation.

　　C．Charging all the vehicles more “smog fees”．

　　D．Buying new cars to replace super­dirty old cars.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了烟雾的形成原因、危害以及地方政府针对这一现象所采取的应对措施。

　　5．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...but ground­level ozone is ... damage to crops and forest.”可知，地平面上的臭氧对环境和人体是有坏处的。故选A项。

　　6．D　解析：判断正误题。根据第三段最后一句中的“because the chemical reactions...by the wind”可知，化学反应在流动的空气里发生并且导致了烟雾。故选D项。

　　7．D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“In addition，most cities measure the concentrations of pollutants in the air and report the results to the public.”可知，空气中高浓度的污染物能较准确地表明空气质量差。故选D项。

　　8．B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“developing programs to encourage carpooling...”以及“expanding or improving public transportation systems” 可知，地方政府采取的措施包括鼓励人们拼车，扩大和改进公共交通运输体系等。故选B项。

　　Ⅳ.书面表达

　　(2016·哈尔滨六中二模)假如你叫李华，最近在浏览新西兰的中学网站时，看到一位名叫Tom的留言，他计划在暑假期间到中国的哈尔滨旅游，希望能有一名中国的中学生作他的导游。你对此很感兴趣。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封e­mail，介绍相关情况。

　　主要内容： 1.希望做他的导游；

　　2．打算如何给他做导游；

　　3．期盼他的回复。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．信的开头、结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Tom，

　　Recently, while browsing a senior high school website of New Zealand, I saw the message you posted on it.　

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　答案：

　　Dear Tom，

　　Recently, while browsing a senior high school website of New Zealand, I saw_the_message_you_posted_on_it. I get to know your wishes that you intend to travel in Harbin during the summer vacation with a Chinese student as your guide.

　　Learning this news, I am really willing to travel with you and introduce Harbin to you. I know as a brilliant guide I am supposed to make your journey interesting and meaningful. For one thing, I will keep you company to visit numerous great places of interest and enjoy the wonderful sightseeing. For another thing, I am going to tell you something of Harbin's history.

　　I am looking forward to the reply from you. With all my wishes you could give me this honor.

　　Yours_sincerely，

　　Li_Hua

　　B卷

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2015·河北省五个一名校联盟质检)You've probably heard about sports coaches，fitness coaches，voice and music teachers，career counselors，psychiatrists (精神科医师) and other specialists who teach skills and help us cope with daily life.

　　But there's a rapidly growing kind of professionals who do a little bit of everything.She or he is called a “life_coach”．People who are at the crossroads in their life，and corporations that want to give certain employees a career boost，are turning to them for help.

　　The idea that one person's success story can change other people's life for the better goes back at least to the 1930s.Dale Carnegie's famous self­improvement program “How to Win Friends and Influence People” came along soon thereafter.

　　But this new style of life coaches includes more than enthusiastic speakers or writers.They use their own experiences in business，sports，military service，or psychotherapy (心理疗法) to help others make critical life decisions.They often give their approaches a slogan，such as “energy coaching”“fearless living” or “working yourself happy”．

　　Dave Lakhani in Boise，Idaho，for instance，works with salespeople to develop what he calls a “road map”．He says an ongoing relationship with a coach is like having a personal fitness trainer for one's career and life outside work.

　　Lakhani's Bold Approach coaching firm also donates some of its time to help people who are anything but successful—including battered women and struggling single mothers.

　　But others in the so­called “helpful professions” are not thrilled about the life­coaching movement.They say that anyone，trained or untrained，can call himself or herself a life coach，and these slick (华而不实的) promoters who mess with people's life can do more harm than good.

　　1．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A．Working Yourself Happy

　　B．Life Coaches Help with Tough Decisions

　　C．How to Cope with Daily Life with Life Coaches

　　D．The Life­coaching Movement

　　2．The underlined phrase “life coach” in Paragraph 2 means “________”．

　　A．the career counselor who teaches skills

　　B．the psychiatrist who helps us cope with daily life

　　C．the fitness coach who teaches us lessons

　　D．the specialist who helps us make important life decisions

　　3．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.

　　A．the introductions of life coaches

　　B．the disagreements about life coaches

　　C．the effects of life coaches

　　D．the experiences of life coaches

　　4．What is the author's attitude towards life coaches?

　　A．Cautious. B．Approving.

　　C．Casual.

　　D．Disapproving.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：当你处于人生的重要时刻时，当你想让公司里某些职员的事业得以提升时，你可以求助于人生教练，他们能帮助你做出人生中的重大决定。

　　1．B　解析：标题判断题。本文主要介绍了人生教练正成为受人们欢迎的专业人才，他们能帮助那些面临人生重大抉择的人们做出决定。B项最具有概括性。

　　2．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的最后一句“People who are at the crossroads in their life, and corporations that want to give certain employees a career boost, are turning to them for help.”及第三段的内容可知，“life coach”是指帮助我们做出人生重大决定的专家。

　　3．B　解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“They say...can do more harm than good.”可知，一些人对人生教练持否定的态度，认为人生教练可能给人们的生活带来的伤害大于益处，因此选择B项。

　　4．A　解析：观点态度题。作者在文章中客观地对人生教练进行了介绍，既介绍了他们的职业优势，也提及了一些人对他们的否定态度，因此作者对人生教练的态度是严谨的。cautious“严谨的，谨慎的”；approving“赞成的”；casual“随意的，漠不关心的”；disapproving“不赞成的”。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　(2016·兰州高三实战考试)Many students often say that they don't have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.

　　My __1__ is often brief，“You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about __2__ twenty­four hours in the day for everyone，and suggest that “not enough time” is not a(n) __3__ explanation of __4__something done.

　　__5__ in graduate school，I tried to prove to one of my professors __6__ saying that I was working hard.His answer to me was，“That's irrelevant (无关紧要的)．__7__ is important is the __8__ of your work.” Since then I have had time to think carefully about the trick (诀窍) of“__9__”，and I have come to some __10__—all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.

　　If you analyze the matter，you can identify two parts of the problem: There is，__11__，the matter of “time”，which we can think of __12__.Then there is the problem of “work”during that time.But，as my professor suggested，it's not how hard one works __13__the quality of the product that's important.

　　That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work.That __14__ is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone's office: “Don't work harder.__15__.”There is a lot of sense in that idea.

　　If you can't get more time，and few of us can，the only solution is to improve the quality of the work.That means thinking of ways to get more out of __16__ time than we might otherwise get.That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits.Since “work” for students usually means “homework”，the expression “work habits” should be read as“ __17__ habits”．

　　Then，as a smart student，you will__18__those skills that you use in study，__19__reading and writing.If you learn to read better and write better，there are big benefits that __20__in all your studies.

　　1．A.question　 B．idea

　　C．reply

　　D．key

　　2．A.there being

　　B．there are

　　C．there be

　　D．there to be

　　3.A.strange

　　B．acceptable

　　C．surprising

　　D．demanding

　　4．A.no getting

　　B．not getting

　　C．no letting

　　D．not letting

　　5．A.Since then

　　B．Just now

　　C．Ever

　　D．Once

　　6．A.by

　　B．in

　　C．on

　　D．upon

　　7．A.That

　　B．What

　　C．Whether

　　D．If

　　8．A.quantity

　　B．amount

　　C．number

　　D．quality

　　9．A.hard worker

　　B．honest student

　　C．busy president

　　D．future graduate

　　10．A.constructions

　　B．contributions

　　C．conclusions

　　D．concentrations

　　11．A.of course

　　B．in fact

　　C．as a result

　　D．as a whole

　　12．A.if followed

　　B．if fixed

　　C．as followed

　　D．as fixed

　　13．A.so

　　B．but

　　C．nor

　　D．and

　　14．A.concept

　　B．sense

　　C．explanation

　　D．solution

　　15．A.Work smarter

　　B．Work faster

　　C．Think twice

　　D．Think aloud

　　16．A.a little

　　B．the more

　　C．the less

　　D．the same

　　17．A.living

　　B．study

　　C．thinking

　　D．sleeping

　　18．A.seek improving

　　B．seek to improve

　　C．find improving

　　D．find to improve

　　19．A.chiefly

　　B．briefly

　　C．actually

　　D．occasionally

　　20．A.are paid

　　B．is paid

　　C．pays off

　　D．pay off

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文是一篇议论文。每个人每天拥有的时间都是相同的，那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧。作者认为：不要苦干，而要巧干。

　　1．C　解析：根据上文的内容可知，此处是对上文很多同学说没有足够的时间做功课这一问题的答复(reply)。

　　2．A　解析：介词后面应该用动名词，因此此处用there being的形式。

　　3．B　解析：每个人都是一天拥有24小时，因此“没有足够的时间”是一个不可接受的解释。strange“奇怪的”；acceptable“可接受的”；surprising“令人惊奇的”；demanding“苛求的，要求过高的”。

　　4．B　解析：此处介词后面应该用动名词，对动名词的否定其前应加not；此处是考查“get sth. done”的结构，因此选not getting。

　　5．D　解析：此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，因此选once“曾经”。since then“自从那之后”常与完成时的句子连用；just now“刚才”；ever“在任何时候”，常用于疑问句、否定句、比较结构或带if的句子中。

　　6．A　解析：by表示“通过，以”。

　　7．B　解析：重要的是你工作的质量。“__7__ is important”是一个主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，因此此处用what引导从句。

　　8．D　解析：参见上题解析，此处应填quality“质量”。quantity“数量”；amount“数额，数量”；number“数字”。13空后的“quality”也是提示。

　　9．A　解析：根据上文教授的回答可知，此处是说“我”在思考勤奋工作的人的诀窍。hard worker“勤奋工作的人”，符合语境。

　　10．C　解析：根据破折号后的内容可知，“我”在思考后，得出了一些结论。construction“建造物”；contribution“贡献”；conclusion“结论”；concentration“集中，聚集”。

　　11．A　解析：根据上文提到的与时间相关可知，此处是说当然是时间的问题。of course“当然”；in fact“事实上”；as a result“结果”；as a whole“总的来说”。

　　12．D　解析：我们认为时间是固定的(fixed)。此处是think of...as...“认为……是……”。

　　13．B　解析：正像教授建议的那样，一个人工作多么努力并不重要，重要的是产品的质量。此处考查的是短语“not...but...”的结构，意为“不是……而是……”。

　　14．A　解析：根据上文的“我”的新想法可知，应选concept“观念，想法”。sense“意义”；explanation“解释”；solution“解决方法”。

　　15．A　解析：根据上文可知，“我”说的是不要苦干，而要巧干。work smarter“更加聪明地工作”，符合语境。

　　16．D　解析：那就意味着想办法从同样多的时间里得到更多。

　　17．B　解析：既然对于学生来说“工作”通常意味着“家庭作业”，那“工作习惯”就应该被理解为“学习习惯”。

　　18．B　解析：作为一个聪明的学生，你应该努力寻求方法来提高这些在学习上使用的技能。固定结构：seek to do sth.，符合语境。

　　19．A　解析：根据常识可知，在学习上的技能主要是阅读和书写。chiefly“主要地”；briefly“简要地”；actually“事实上”；occasionally“偶尔”。

　　20．D　解析：如果你学会了更好地阅读和书写，那么会有极大的好处来回报你学习的各个方面。短语pay off“回报”，符合语境；再根据定语从句的引导词that指代的先行词benefits可知，应选D项。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·山东师大附中高三模拟)It is a common thing to forget to return a book to the library after you've borrowed it.Maybe，you'll realize it has been some 1.________(month) since you borrowed it and decide to return it.2.________(similar)，when Ron Webster borrowed a book from the library of the University Of Liverpool，he too forgot to return it.When he was 30，back in 1953，he was working 3.________a research assistant in the university.It was during this time 4.________ he loaned a book titled “Structure and Function in Primitive Society”．Shortly after he borrowed this book，he 5.________(call) to London to continue his research.Just as you might have expected，Ron Webster completely forgot the whole thing.

　　Ron had a 6.________(success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.Recently when he took 7.________look at his collection of books，he discovered the old book borrowed 61 years ago.He contacted University officials to tell about the 8.________(possible) of returning the book.

　　University Librarian was 9.________(amaze) to see Ron arrive at the University Of Liverpool，10.________(try) to return a book that he borrowed 61 years ago.

　　Just in case you were wondering，the total fine that Ron Webster had accumulated over the years amounted to ￡4,510.

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文讲述的是Ron试图将61年前从图书馆借的书还回去。

　　1．months　解析：考查名词复数。month是一个可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数形式，所以month要变成复数形式，故填months。

　　2．Similarly　解析：考查副词。副词可以作为插入语，起转移话题、承上启下的作用，使语句间的衔接更紧密。前文在说一种常见的现象，下文开始就这种现象引出本文所要详述的事件，所以中间用副词进行过渡，故填Similarly。

　　3．as　解析：考查动词搭配。work as“以……身份而工作”，句意：他在大学以研究助理的身份而工作，前文有work，故填as。

　　4．that　解析：考查强调句。强调句句型：It is/was ＋被强调的部分＋that (who) ＋句子的其他部分，前文有It was...，故填that。

　　5．was called　解析：考查被动语态。句意：在借了这本书不久之后，他被叫回伦敦继续从事他的研究。根据句意和所给的单词，可知横线上要填一个被动语态，故填was called。

　　6．successful　解析：考查形容词。给出的单词是一个名词，横线后的career是一个名词，显然横线上的词是要修饰career的，所以success要变为形容词来修饰名词，故填successful。

　　7．a　解析：考查固定搭配。take a look“看一下”，横线前后分别有took和look，故填a。

　　8．possibility　解析：考查名词。横线前有定冠词the，用来修饰名词，给出的单词是一个形容词，所以要将形容词变成名词，故填 possibility。

　　9．amazed　解析：考查形容词。给出的单词amaze是一个动词，但是be动词was后面不能直接接动词，所以将动词变成形容词比较符合语法规范，故填amazed。

　　10．trying　解析：考查非谓语动词。v.­ing在此是非谓语，作伴随状语，故填trying。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　(2016·日照高三检测)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But while my cousin was born, everyone pays more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her.As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin's family came to my home a few day ago, I took my cousin to play outside.In the way to the playground, I had bought many snacks for her.Then we began chat.When we talked about their childhood, suddenly, I said “sorry” gently. She was silently, so I thought that she hadn't heard me clearly.But after while she said: “Don't say that.In my memory, you are always friendly.”

　　答案：

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But

　　my cousin was born, everyone

　　more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her. As time went on, I realized

　　ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin's family came to my home a few

　　ago, I took my cousin to play outside.

　　the way to the playground, I had

　　bought many snacks for her. Then we began /. When we talked about

　　childhood, suddenly, I said “sorry” gently. She was ， so I thought that she hadn't heard me clearly. But after

　　while she said：“Don't say that. In my memory, you are always friendly.”