3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语：专题13 特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）（原卷版）

　　3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列

　　专题13

　　特殊句式（倒装句、省略句、强调句）

　　【2017年高考命题预测】

　　高考研究特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识，熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究，主要从以下几个方面进行考查：倒装句、强调句、省略句和独立主格结构。在学习时，首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用，其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。

　　2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布

　　从近几年高考试题来看，特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。

　　一、

　　二、近几年高考中，主要考查了强调句的基本结构，省略句主要和非谓语动词一起考查。

　　三、高考命题对特殊句式考查的综合性和情景性越来越强。

　　【考点pk】

　　名师考点透析

　　强调句、倒装句和省略句

　　强调句

　　考点l

　　强调句结构及其中的who和that

　　①It was after the wa was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again．正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。

　　②It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。

　　③It is when he got back that he knew what had happened．他回来后才知道所发生的情况。

　　④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness．他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。

　　特别提示

　　强调句中的主谓一致性：当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词

　　应与主语一致，即人称和数要一致。如：

　　①It is my mother who cooks every day．每天煮饭的是我妈妈。

　　②It is he who is wrong．是他错了。

　　考例：If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ____ he will turn to for it.

　　A．where B．that C．which D．what

　　考点二

　　强调状语部分

　　①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years．他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)

　　②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark．最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)

　　③n was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party．她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)

　　④It is as the Party tells us that we must do．我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)

　　⑤It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out．只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)

　　①It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)

　　②Not until I got ff the bus did I realize it．直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)

　　考例：It was not until midnight ____ we got home because of traffic jams.

　　A．that B．when C．while D．as

　　考点3 强调句的疑问句

　　1．一般疑问句。结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：

　　Was it during the Anti．Japanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?

　　2．特殊疑问句。结构为：特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/

　　Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如：

　　Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟?

　　‘

　　考点4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析

　　2．定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why等，与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系；而强调句中的引导词只有who和that，强调人时，用who或that，强调其他时，只用that，且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如：

　　①It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1．

　　那是2009年，她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)

　　①It is three years since he joined the army．自他参军以来已有三年了。

　　②It is many years since he smoked．他没有吸烟已有好多年了。

　　(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示”要过多久(不久)才……”，before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如：

　　It won’t be long before you reach your goal．你离成功不远了。

　　(3)It Was+时间段+before从句。表示”过了多久才……”。before从句后的谓语动词多用一般过去时。如：

　　It was four hours before he finished the work,过了四小时他才完成工作。

　　考例：It is_________ Tom often breaks the school roles_________ makes his teacher unsatisfied with him．

　　A．what：that

　　B．that；what

　　C．that；that

　　D．which ;that

　　C

　　【解析】考查强调句型和主语从句。句意：是汤姆经常违反学校规定才让他的老师对他不满意的。本句是强调句型，被强调部分是主语从句that Tom often breaks the school rules。

　　考点5 谓语动词的强调

　　强调句“It is/was…that…”一般不强调谓语动词，如果要强调谓语，用助动词do，does或did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1．家里的确设法让他上技术学校。

　　倒装句

　　考点1 全部倒装

　　Now comes your turn!该你了

　　3．当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。如：

　　On the ground lay an old man，who was dying．地上躺着一位老人，奄奄一息。

　　4．such作表语，置于句首，表示“这样的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。如：

　　Such is their decision．他们的决定就是这样。

　　考例：At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。

　　考点2 部分倒装

　　只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：

　　情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。如：

　　①Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I．玛丽已经记住了200个单词，我也是这样。

　　②——The girls study hard．这些女孩学习刻苦。

　　——so they do．她们的确如此。

　　3．在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否定或半否定词开头的句中用部分倒装。如：

　　Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery．我想象不到会看到这样美妙的景色。

　　6．在hardly…when，no sooner…than，not until句型中，主句须部分倒装。如：

　　Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow．他一到，天就下起雪来了。

　　7．as引导的让步状语从句结构为：形容词/名词/动词+as+主语+谓语。如：

　　8．在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。如：

　　Were I in your position，1 would not go．我要是在你的位置上，我是不会去的。

　　9．however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。如：

　　However hard he worked，he couldn’t solve the problem．不管多努力，他就是解决不了那个问题。

　　考例：1.We laugh at jokes，but seldom ______

　　about how they work．

　　A．we think

　　B．think we

　　C．we do think

　　D．do we think

　　2.Never______

　　Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.

　　A．did we think

　　B．have we thought

　　C．we thought

　　D．we have thought

　　A

　　【解析】倒装结构。当否定词never，not，hardly，seldom等放在句首的时候，句子要部分倒装，根据语意可知，应用一般过去时，因此选A项。

　　3.Not until he left his home ______

　　to know how important the family was for him.

　　A did he begin

　　B had he begun

　　C he began

　　D he had begun

　　考查倒装句。句意：直到离开家，他才开始意识到这个家对他来说是何等的重要。：not until引导的从句置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。主从句的动作基本同时发生，故用一般过去时。

　　省略句

　　考点 省略句的几个考察要点

　　考点省略句的几个考查要点英语中，有时为了避免重复，往往省去一个词或一些成分，

　　这种语法现象称为省略。主要考查点有：

　　1．简单句的省略。

　　祈使句省略主语you；某些句子结构省略谓语；部分问句同时省略主谓语；疑问句的答语省略；感叹句的省略；年龄和钟点的省略等。如：

　　2．比较结构的省略。

　　在”the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中，可以省略be；由than和as引导的比较句式中的省略。如：

　　①The sooner(you do it)，the better(it will be)．(你做得)越快，(结果就会)越好。

　　②The longer the wire(is)，the greater the resistance(is)．导线越长，电阻就越大。

　　3．主从复合句中的省略。

　　(1)宾语从句中，连词that常省略，但当多个宾语从句并列时，只能省略第一个。如：

　　①If so(=If it is so)，you must go back and bring it here．如果是这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。

　　②Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street．过街时当心车辆。

　　(3)定语从句的省略。作宾语的关系代词的省略或省略到用分词作定语。如：

　　The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen．他父亲作为生日礼物送给他的那辆汽车被盗了。

　　(4)在含有were，had，should的虚拟条件句中if的省略。在这种情况下若if省略，常将were，had，should等提到句首，主谓部分倒装。如：

　　Were I a bird，I could fly．如果我是一只鸟，我就能飞。

　　考例：1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______

　　accompanied by an adult.

　　A. once

　　B. when

　　C. if

　　D. unless

　　【答案】 D

　　【解析】考查省略的状语从句的连接词。句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构。

　　2.though ______

　　to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。

　　A.

　　surprise

　　B was surprised

　　C.

　　surprised

　　D. being surprised

　　4．not，so，neither，nor的替代性省略。动词believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，suppose，think等和I’m afraid后面可用替代词so或not来避免重复前面提到的内容。表示肯定意义时，以上动词都可与so搭配；但表示否定意义时，hope与guess只用I hope not和I guess not的形式，而think，believe，suppose等词可有两种形式，即：I think not和

　　I don’t think so。如：

　　Do they mind you smoking there?你在那儿抽烟，他们介意吗?

　　I don’t think so/I think not．我想不会。

　　【三年高考】

　　1、1高考试题及其解析

　　201年高考试题

　　1.【2016·江苏】34.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

　　A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged

　　C. did they encourage D. they encouraged

　　.【2016·天津】13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.

　　A. who

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　【2016·上海】(B)

　　But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm.

　　201年高考试题

　　1.【2015·湖南】31.Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.

　　A. to keep

　　B. to have kept

　　C．keep

　　D．have kept

　　2.【2015·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.

　　A. she realized

　　B. has she realized

　　C. she has realized

　　D. did she realize

　　3.【2015·湖南】23.Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.

　　A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered

　　4.【2015·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

　　A. which B. that C. where D. how

　　5.【2015·重庆】9.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.

　　A. while

　　B. though

　　C. that

　　D. after

　　2017年高考试题

　　26. ______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.

　　A. Not do only

　　B. Do not only

　　C.Only not do D. Not only do

　　2.【2017·天津卷】15. ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

　　A. Did he catch

　　B. should be catch

　　C. has he caught

　　D. Had he caught

　　3.【2017·天津卷】1. Give me a chance, ________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.

　　if

　　B. or

　　C. and

　　D. while

　　4.【2017·四川卷】3. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?

　　A. why                         B. who                  C. where               D. that

　　5.【2017·福建卷】28. The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely,

　　, reaching 30C in summer.

　　A. if not

　　B. if ever

　　C. if any

　　D. if so

　　6.【2017·福建卷】29. It was the culture, rather than the language, ____made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad

　　A. where

　　B. why

　　C. that

　　D. what

　　7.【2017·陕西卷】17. No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.

　　A. had Mo Yan

　　B. Mo Yan had

　　C. has Mo Yan

　　D. Mo Yan has

　　8.【2017·陕西卷】23. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

　　A. would stay

　　B. has stayed

　　C. stayed

　　D. stay

　　9.【2017·湖南卷】29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.

　　A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep

　　10.【2017·湖南卷】33. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do

　　makes life

　　happy.

　　A. that

　　B. which C. what

　　D. who

　　【两年模拟】201、201名校模拟题及其答案解析

　　1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】5. “It is the realization of the Chinese Dream ______ put forward by Chairman Xi ______ presents a vision for national revival and contributes to a new global landscape”, said foreign experts at a dialogue Saturday in Shanghai.

　　A. which; that

　　B. that; /

　　C. /; which

　　D. /; that

　　2.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】16. No sooner ______Tu Youyou stepped on the stage ______ the audience broke into thunderous

　　applause.

　　A. had; than

　　B. has; than

　　C. had; when

　　D. has; when

　　3.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】Never in my life ________ such a beautiful sunrise!

　　A. have I seen B. I have seen

　　C. did I see

　　D. I saw

　　13. Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?

　　A. why

　　B. who

　　C. where

　　D. that

　　5.【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三上学期期初联考】25. Seldom __________ any mistakes during my past few years of working there.

　　A. would I make

　　B. have I made

　　C. I made

　　D. shall I make

　　6.【】 It was not until I was chosen monitor of the class ______ to realize the importance of teamwork.

　　A. did I come

　　B. had I come

　　C. when I come

　　D. that I came

　　. 【】Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs.

　　A. is

　　B. does

　　C. are

　　D. do

　　1.【福建省华安县第一中学2015届高三高考围题卷英语试题】 Although the tradition of drinking tea dates back to more than 3,000 BC in China, it was not until the mid 17'th century in the UK __________appeared the concept of "afternoon tea".

　　A. when

　　B. where

　　C. that

　　D. which

　　2. 【福建省华安县第一中学2015届高三高考围题卷英语试题】 Little _______ that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.

　　A. we did know B. knew we

　　C. did we know

　　D. we knew

　　3.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】

　　, I believe, and you will find the boy is very outgoing.

　　A. Having a talk with the student

　　B. One talk with the student

　　C. Given a talk with the student

　　D. If you have a talk with the student

　　4.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】 From his expression, I don’t think he could have finished his homework last night, _______?

　　A. couldn’t he

　　B. do I

　　C. did he

　　D. hasn’t he

　　5.【福建省宁德市2015届高中毕业班第二次质量检查】So popular _____ in his adopted hometown that he has been named honorary citizen of Beijing.

　　A. Stephon Marbury is

　　B. Stephon Marbury will be

　　C. is Stephon Marbury

　　D. will Stephon Marbury be

　　6.【江苏省淮安市2015届高三第五次模拟】It wasn’t _______ he took off her mask _______ I recognized he should be a famous film star.  

　　A. when; that 

　　B. until; when 

　　C. until; that

　　D. when; then

　　7.【湖南省桃江县第一中学2015届高三5月模拟】 Success is not final, and failure is not deadly. It is the courage to continue ______ counts in life.

　　A. that

　　B. which

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　8.【湖南省桃江县第一中学2015届高三5月模拟】 So touching ______ that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.

　　A. the song had sounded

　　B. had the song sounded

　　C. the song sounded

　　D. did the song sound

　　9.【天津市河西区2015届高三下学期总复习质量调查（三）】13.In front of our school ______, where a lot of people play or take exercise at any time.

　　A. does a park lie

　　B. is a park lie

　　C. a park lies

　　D. lies a park

　　10.【重庆市2015届高考压轴卷】 Not until _________the better qualities in ourselves_________expect to find them in others.

　　A. have we developed; can we B. we have developed; that can we

　　C. we have developed; can we D. can we develop; that we will

　　11.【天津市河西区2015届高三下学期总复习质量调查（三）】11.I just don’t understand _______ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy

　　as one might expect.

　　A. why it does

　　B. what it does

　　C. what it is

　　D. why it is

　　12.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】20. Little _______ that the region was rich in natural resources about four decades ago.

　　A. we did know B. knew we

　　C. did we know

　　D. we knew

　　13.【江苏省南京市2015届高三第三次模拟】Halfway through the chapter _______ I hadn’t taken anything in.

　　A. did I realize B. had I realized

　　C. I realized D. I would realize

　　14.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】Not until _________________ the better qualities in ourselves ____________ expect to find them in others.

　　A. have we developed; can we

　　B. we have developed; that can we

　　C. we have developed; can we

　　D. can we develop; that we will

　　15. 【安徽省“淮南一中 蒙城一中 颍上一中 怀远一中”四校2015届高三5月联考】 ________preparations from now on, she would be able to finish the essay on Sunday.

　　A.Would she make

　　B.If she make

　　C.Were she to make

　　D.If she had made

　　16.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】______ a certain doubt among the parents as to the necessity of children's doing so much homework.

　　A. It existed

　　B. There had

　　C. There existed

　　D. It had

　　17.【天津市2015届高考压轴】_____ Rex not to phone; I don’t want to be disturbed.

　　　A. Ask 　B. Asking　 C. To ask 　D. Asked

　　It wasn’t until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.

　　A. where

　　B. that

　　C. why

　　D. when

　　19.【福建省永安市2015届高三下学期质检】So touching_____ that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time

　　A．the song sounds

　　B．had the song sounded

　　C．the song sounded

　　D．did the song sound

　　______, and we’ll arrive in Hangzhou, where we can enjoy the beauty of the West Lake.

　　A. Another hour

　　B. An hour later

　　C. After an hour

　　D. In an hour

　　【一年原创】

　　原创试题及其解析

　　A. it can find

　　B. can it find

　　C. has it found

　　D. it has found

　　2.—I heard five passengers survived the accident in the highway.

　　— No, ______ only two, a driver and his wife.

　　A. There was

　　B. It was

　　C. There had

　　D. It had

　　3. If

　　properly, medical waste from hospitals may contribute to spreading diseases.

　　A. not handled

　　B. not being handled

　　C. not to be handled

　　D. not having been handled

　　4.It is not just the size of the Olympic Games but ____they mean to us ___makes them unique.

　　A．which, that

　　B．that, what

　　C．that, because

　　D．what, that

　　. The kids, who are brought up on a diet of soap operas and online games, seldom, _______ participate in a variety of activities.

　　A. if any

　　B. if not

　　C. if ever

　　D. if so

　　6. He got into the old truck and off _____ to one of the far corners of the farm to fix the fences.

　　A. did they rush

　　B. they did rush

　　C. they rushed

　　D. rushed they

　　7. It doesn’t matter how many times you fail; It is how many times you stand up and try again _________matters．

　　A．which

　　B．that

　　C．who

　　D．what

　　._____ with the salary, he took the job just to get some work experience.

　　A. Unsatisfied although he was

　　B. Unsatisfied as he was

　　C. As he was unsatisfied

　　D. Though unsatisfied he was

　　9. Only after he had practiced a lot and was familiar with traditional Chinese music _______ to perform on the stage.

　　A. he was allowed

　　B. he will be allowed

　　C. was he allowed

　　D. will he be allowed

　　10. —I began to learn English when I was a little child.

　　—Wow. You must have studied English for many years,

　　?

　　A. don’t you

　　B. mustn’t you

　　C. needn’t you

　　D. haven’t you

　　11. In his speech, he said that it was his primary school teachers that he was fond of ________influenced his whole life.

　　A. what

　　B. which

　　C. as

　　D. who

　　12. Never before______ such a wonderful park, ______ I'd like to pay a visit again.

　　A. had I seen; where B. have I seen; which

　　C. have I seen; where

　　D. had I seen; which

　　13. Can’t it be in the drawer ______ you put your credit card?

　　A. where

　　B. in which

　　C. there

　　D. that

　　14. Across the Yangtze River _____ more than one bridge, the Nanjing Changjiang Bridge being the first one.

　　A. lay

　　B. lie

　　C. lies

　　D. laid

　　15. On the small island，which is at the entrance to New York Harbor, ．

　　A．the Statue of Liberty stands

　　B．stands the Statlle of Liberty

　　C．does the Statue of Liberty stand

　　D．does stand the Statue of Liberty

　　. — Do you know _______ they got to know each other?

　　— It was last year_______ they both taught Chinese in Canada.

　　A. When it was that, when

　　B. when it was that, while

　　C. When it was that, that

　　D. When it was that, as

　　17．Nelson Mandela is，__________ the greatest man of the 20th century，certainly among the most extraordinary leaders．

　　A．if there

　　B．if any

　　C．if not

　　D．if so

　　．—English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

　　—Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

　　A. Known

　　B. Knowing

　　C. To know

　　D. Know

　　19.Not until he promised to return it to me as soon as possible ____ my electronic dictionary to my classmate.

　　A. had I lent B. did I lend

　　C. I had lent D. I lent