【高考调研】2017届高三英语一轮复习（外研版）课时规范训练44（含解析）

　　课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(四十四)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　     阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　An estimated eight million people in Britain enjoy walking in the Peak District every year.But what many who enjoy outdoor hobbies don’t know is that their “right to walk” was won by men who sacrificed their own freedom to gain access to the countryside for all.

　　In 1932 wealthy landowners had private use of large areas of uplands for hunting.Walkers were kept out by guards，until a group of 400 people from Manchester and Yorkshire，led by Benny Rothman，engaged on a mass trespass (侵入)．The campaigner was put into prison with four other men.

　　The event is supported by many with starting a movement that paved the way for the establishment of national parks.Mr Rothman died in 2002 but he is now being honoured for his contribution with the revealing of a blue plaque (匾额) on his former home in Crofton Avenue，Timperley，Greater Manchester.

　　Retired professor，Harry，who followed in his father’s footsteps by specialising in environmental issues，says：“He was a very optimistic man and he made the best of it when he went to prison.It didn’t put him off campaigning，he went on campaigning on environmental issues most of his life.”Mr Rothman did live to see the Countryside Rights of Way Act passed by Parliament in 2000，ensuring the freedom of the countryside for future generations.

　　Roly Smith，a friend of Mr Rothman and an author of walking guidebooks，said：“It is because of them that we have got what we have today.”

　　Councillor Jonathan Coupe，of Trafford Council，said：“The honour of having a blue plaque attributed (归因于) to you means you have really made an impression on society.”

　　“Mr Rothman contributed to the changing of history and it is because of him that we are able to enjoy the local countryside as often and freely as we can today.”

　　【解题导语】　本文属于历史文化类短文阅读。很多英国人喜欢在乡村散步，但是他们中的很多人不知道他们散步的权利是有人牺牲了自己的自由换来的。

　　1．What do we know about people in Britain according to Para.1?

　　A．They value freedom.

　　B．They have wide interests.

　　C．They are fond of hiking.

　　D．They tend to live in the countryside.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“An estimated eight million people in Britain enjoy walking in the Peak District every year.”可知，很多英国人都喜欢散步。故选C。

　　2．A blue plaque was revealed on Mr.Rothman’s former home

　　A．to support his campaign

　　B．to honor his contribution

　　C．to remind people of the past

　　D．to celebrate the establishment of national parks

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mr Rothman died in 2002 but he is now being honoured for his contribution with the revealing of a blue plaque (匾额) on his former home in Crofton Avenue，Timperley，Greater Manchester.”可知，牌匾是为了奖赏他的贡献。故选B。

　　3．Besides “optimistic”，which of the following best describes Mr.Rothman?

　　A．Cautious B．Determined

　　C．Considerate D．Ambitious

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He was a very optimistic man and he made the best of it when he went to prison.It didn’t put him off campaigning，he went on campaigning on environmental issues most of his life.”可知，监狱生活并没有使他放弃斗争，说明他是一个坚定的人。故选B。

　　4．From the last three paragraphs we learn that Mr.Rothman

　　A．has served as a councillor

　　B．has made achievements in different fields

　　C．has been highly thought of for his contributions

　　D．has devoted his life to environment protection

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“It is because of them that we have got what we have today.”以及倒数第二段中的“The honour of having a blue plaque attributed (归因于) to you means you have really made an impression on society.”等评论可知，人们对他的贡献是高度赞扬的。故选C。

　　B

　　The Renaissance period in Europe is known for rapid and path­breaking inventions and developments that took place in fields like science，arts，philosophy，etc.It is believed that Florence，Italy，was the center of the Renaissance Movement.Here are a few inventions of the Renaissance period.

　　The mechanical clocks were introduced in the 14th century.Measuring a day’s time in a 24­hour cycle became possible after the invention of mechanical clocks.In 1656，a pendulum (钟摆) clock was made by Christian Huygens.He made improvements to the clock to reduce the error from 1 minute a day to 10 seconds a day.In 1721，George Graham reduced the error to 1 second a day.In 1889，Sigmund Riefler further reduced the error to 1/100th of a second a day.In the 1930s，the quartz crystals (石英晶体) were used to make the quartz clocks.

　　There are no clear records available as to who invented eyeglasses.However,1000 AD was roughly the period during which eyeglasses were invented.In the 13th century，Roger Bacon，and Englishman，suggested a scientific theory about how to make use of corrective eyeglasses.However，he did not invent eyeglasses.Salvino D’Armato Degli Armati from Italy is believed to have made wearable eyeglasses in 1284.

　　Wallpaper is one of the important inventions of the Renaissance period.The first paper mill in England was set up in 1496.With the help of paper，many different designs and patterns of wallpapers were developed.Stencils (模板)，hand­painted designs and wood­block prints were used in the creation of wallpapers.

　　The first flush toilet was made in 1596 by John Harrington.It was only two hundred years after its invention that flush toilet was reinvented by Alexander Cummings.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在文艺复兴时期世界上的一些重大的发明，包括机械钟表、眼镜、墙纸、抽水马桶等。

　　5．What was the direct result of the invention of the mechanical clocks?

　　A．24­hour time system came into being.

　　B．Measuring time became possible.

　　C．The error of time disappeared.

　　D．Mechanical clocks became popular soon.

　　解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Measuring a day’s time in a 24­hour cycle became possible after the invention of mechanical clocks.”可知，机械表的发明直接导致了每天24小时制的形成。故选A。

　　6．What can we infer from the third paragraph?

　　A．Eyeglasses could be made used of.

　　B．The earliest eyeglasses were not wearable.

　　C．A person’s eyesight couldn’t be corrected.

　　D．Roger Bacon first invented eyeglasses.

　　解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...about how to make use of corrective eyeglasses.However，he did not invent eyeglasses...is believed to have made wearable eyeglasses...”可推知，最早的眼镜不适用于佩戴。故选B。

　　7．Who made the most accurate clock?

　　A．Christian Huygens. B．George Graham.

　　C．Sigmund Riefler. D．Alexander Cummings.

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1889，Sigmund Riefler further reduced the error to 1/100th of a second a day.”可知，Sigmund Riefler进一步将时间精确到每天百分之一秒，故Sigmund Riefler制造了世界上最精确的钟表。故选C。

　　8．The passage is mainly about

　　A．the development of mechanical clocks

　　B．the development of eyeglasses

　　C．different designs and patterns of wallpapers

　　D．some inventions in the Renaissance period

　　解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据文章主题句第一段最后一句“Here are a few inventions of the Renaissance period.”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期的一些发明。故选D。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Hongbao，a red envelope with small amounts of money in，is a gift that is guaranteed to be warmly received，not just because of the cash，but also because of its 1.

　　(tradition) symbolism and best wishes for the future.This is true throughout China，but 2.

　　(especial) in the south where people regard receiving hongbao 3.

　　an auspicious (吉祥的) beginning to the New Year.

　　Legend in the south has it that a devil used to appear to harm children and the elderly.4.

　　loud noise would frighten 5.

　　devil away，as did the color red.

　　Firecrackers took care of the noise and during Spring Festival couplets (对联) also helped keep him away.But firecrackers couldn’t go off all day so children and the elderly also got hongbao，red envelopes 6.

　　(contain) money.

　　The tradition 7.

　　(survive) millennia and giving hongbao to children and the elderly remains popular among Chinese people all over the world.It has also made its way into workplaces where bosses often give 8.

　　(employ) hongbao and most recently，companies have adopted online marketing strategies 9.

　　hongbao are distributed，hoping 10.

　　companies and staff members have a good start.

　　Giving hongbao at the beginning of the Lunar New Year indicates best wishes for the future.

　　答案：1.traditional　2.especially　3.as　4.But

　　5．the　6.containing　7.has survived　8.employees

　　9．where　10.their

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Last month our school held a Reading Week，which aim was to encourage the students to reading widely.During the week，book lovers recommended a plenty of good books suitable for high school students.In addition，two famous writers are invited to give lectures on how to understand and appreciate literacy work.The poetry recitation contest was another amazed activity for the students to bring his talent into full play.All the contestants took turns read their favorite poems to the audience.We all find the Reading Week very beneficially.It has not enriched our school life，and also helped us form the habit of reading.

　　答案：

　　Last month our school held a Reading Week， aim was to encourage the students to

　　widely.During the week，book lovers recommended a'plenty of good books suitable for high school students.In addition，two famous writers

　　invited to give lectures on how to understand and appreciate literacy .The poetry recitation contest was another

　　activity for the students to bring

　　talent into full play.All the contestants took turns

　　read their favorite poems to the audience.We all find the Reading Week

　　very .It has not enriched our school life， also helped us form the habit of reading.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　请根据下面图片写一篇英语小短文，内容包括：

　　1．描述漫画内容；

　　2．说出其中的寓意；

　　3．发表你的观点；

　　4.开头语已给出，但不计入总词数。

　　As can be seen in the picture，the young tree is supported by a stick while growing.

　　One possible version：

　　As can be seen in the picture，the young tree is supported by a stick while growing.However，once there is no support，the tree is broken off.In fact，it reflects a common phenomenon: Many parents take care of their children too much.

　　In our daily life，some parents often take unnecessary action，which will lead to an undesirable result in the long run.Children need not only support and care but also challenges of difficulties and experiences of hardships.Too much care is not helpful to their growth and development.