2017版高考一轮复习课件：必修3 unit8《Adventure》（北师大版）

　　4.break down损坏，不能运转；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解

　　[教材原句]First，his two sledges broke down，and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.

　　先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。

　　写出下列句中break down的含义

　　①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air-conditioning system broke down.

　　____________ ②The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.

　　____________ ③He is showing signs that he might break down.

　　____________ ④It's reported that peace talks have broken down in the Middle East. ____________ ⑤Bacteria break down the animal waste to form methane gas (沼气). ____________ 答案　①损坏，不能运转　②拆毁，拆除　③身体垮掉

　　④失败　⑤分解 [句 式 透 析] 1.[教材原句]Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.

　　尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。

　　(1)句中的too...to...结构，意为“太……而不能……”，too后面跟形容词/副词，但当其后接形容词修饰单数可数名词时，要把不定冠词a(n)放在形容词之后。 `①If the population continues to increase，the earth will become ________________ so many people.

　　如果人口持续增长，地球将会变成一个太小而不能养活如此多的人的星体。 (2)“too...to...”句式中，若too后接glad，pleased，happy，eager，anxious，willing，ready，easy等表示心理状态的形容词，不定式不再表示否定意义，too相当于very。 ②I am ________ eager ________ have a world travel.

　　我很想进行一次环球旅行。

　　(3)never/not too...to do...和too...not to do...这两种形式均表示肯定意义。 ③He is ________ wise ____________ this problem.

　　他非常聪明，必能解决这个问题。 (4) “too...to...”结构可以与“not...enough to...”或“so...that...”句式相互转换。 ④It's clear that the tree is too young to stand the storm.

　　＝It's clear that the tree is ________________ stand the storm.

　　＝It's clear that the tree is ______________ it can't stand the storm.

　　很显然，这棵树太小了，经受不住暴风雨。 答案　①too small a planet to support　②too；to　 ③too；not to solve　④not old enough to；so young that 【联想归纳】can't/can never...to...表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。 2.[教材原句] Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.

　　接下来极地冬日的黑夜时期到来了。

　　本句使用了全部倒装。

　　(1)表示地点、方向、时间的副词(here，out，in，up，down，back, off，away，now，then等)位于句首时。谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词(go，come，leave，move，run，rush，jump等)。 ①________ a telegram for you.

　　这儿有你一封电报。 ②__________________ from the horse.

　　那人从马上跳下来。 【名师点津】　在上述情况中，主语是代词时，则不用倒装。

　　③In ________ and the meeting began.

　　他进来，会议就开始了。 (2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 ④ Between the two buildings ________.

　　两座楼之间有棵大松树。 答案　①Here is　②Down jumped the man　③he came　④stands a tall pine Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语 1.right ________ 就在此刻 2.in order ________ 为了(某一目的) 3.________ down 颠倒地，倒置地 4.*________ turn 轮流 5.put ________ prison 关进监狱 6.________ one's way 在途中 now to upside in into on 二、短语填空 turn up；*back out；*break out；take off；run out of；carry on；get across；stand by

　　1.They are ____________ oil and the plane has to land on the field. 2.If he has promised to come，he will not ____________.

　　3.A big fire ____________ in the hotel last night，but all the people were able to escape from it. running out of back out broke out 4.How can you ____________ and let him treat his dog like that?

　　5.This is the message that we want to ____________ to the public.

　　6.We invited her to dinner but she hasn't ____________，which made us worried. 7.As the plane was ____________，I remembered I hadn't turned the iron off. 8.After he left I just tried to ____________ as usual in spite of some difficulty. stand by get across turned up taking off carry on 【联想·积累】 ❶“in＋ n.”结构荟萃 ①in case 以防万一 ②in advance 事先；提前 ③in store 必将发生 ④in danger 处于危险中 ⑤in order 井井有条 ⑥in place 在正确位置 ⑦in sight/view 看得见 ⑧in reality/fact 事实上 ❷“动词＋out”短语全接触 ①bring out 出版；公布 ②carry out 执行 ③check out 结账后离开 ④drop out 退出 ⑤leave out 忽略；遗漏 ⑥cut out 停止；剪下 ⑦let out 放出 ⑧back out 决定不履行(允诺的事) Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 1.Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.(too...to...“太……而不能……”)

　　尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可讲的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。

　　[仿写]I'm ________ busy enjoying my life now ________________ the future!

　　我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担忧！ too to worry about 2.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装)

　　接下来极地冬日的黑夜时期到来了。

　　[仿写]After supper，________________ that Ye Shiwen won the first prize in the competition.

　　晚饭后，传来了叶诗文获得比赛第一名的消息。 there came the news　 3.*The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.(have difficulty in doing sth“在……方面有困难”，其中in可省略)

　　接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。

　　[仿写]Li Na doesn't _________________________________ with the foreigners in English.

　　李娜用英语和外国人交流没有任何困难。 have any difficulty (in)communicating 【联想·积累】 “在……方面有困难(或麻烦)；对……有困难”表达法 (1)have difficulty (in) doing sth/with sth表示“在……方面有困难(或麻烦)；对……有困难”。除difficulty外，trouble，problems，fun，a hard time等也可用于该结构。 (2)difficulty前可用some，any，no，little等词来修饰。 Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用 必背句法——状态动词或动态动词；定语从句(Ⅲ) 选词填空 1.*—I don't want this kind of cloth.It ____________(feels/is felt) too thin.

　　—How about that kind？It ________(is washed/washes) well and ________(lasts/lasted) long. 2.*We will put off the outing until next week，___________ (when/which) we won't be so busy. feels washes lasts when 3.He wrote a lot of novels，none of ____________(which/them) was translated into a foreign language. 4.English online.com is a free site ___________(where/that) visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online. 5.*__________(As/Which) is often the case with the elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop. which where As 【联想·积累】 ❶主动形式表被动意义 系动词look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn等＋形容词/名词。 表示主语的某种属性的词：read，write，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，shut等，其主语往往是物。 ❷关系代词as，which的区别 as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。

　　当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。 [单 词 点 睛] 1.differ vi.不同于，有区别

　　[教材原句]How do the tourists differ from local people? 旅游者与当地居民有什么不同呢？ (1)differ from...与……不同 differ in...在……方面不同 differ with sb 与某人意见不同 (2)different adj.不同的，有差异的 (3) make a/no difference 有/无影响 tell the difference between A and B 指出A与B的不同 [一言串记]They are twin sisters.It's hard to ①________(区分) between them in appearance，however，they are ②________ (differ)from each other in their habits and they also differ from each other in many ways.But that ③________ (没有影响). 答案　①tell the difference 　②different　③makes no difference 2.risk vt.冒……的危险n.冒险；危险；风险

　　[高考例句](2015·天津，阅读D)Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk，I went to a friend.

　　一次当我面对涉及高风险的决定，我向一个朋友求助。 (1)risk (doing) sth 冒……的危险 (2)at the risk of 冒着……的风险 (3)at risk 处境危险；遭受危险 (4)take/run the risk of doing sth 冒着……的风险做某事 (5)take/run a risk/risks (to do sth) 冒险(做某事) ①(2017·四川，阅读B)I wondered if I was putting my life ________ risk.

　　我不知道我是否正在把自己的生命置于危险境地。 ②We've been advised not to risk ________(travel)in these conditions.

　　我们被建议在这些条件下不要冒险出行。 ③It is not worthwhile to take the risk of ________(offend)your boss just to get such a small sum of money.

　　仅是为拿到那一点钱就去触怒老板，不值得。 答案　①at　②travelling　③offending 3.confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆

　　[教材原句]He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.

　　他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。 (1)confuse A with/and B 将A和B混淆 (2)confused adj.困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的 confusing adj.使人迷惑的 (3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑 ①Don't confuse him ________ his brother.They are much alike.

　　别把他与他弟弟混淆了。他们非常相像。 ②The present situation is so ________ that I got ________.(confuse)

　　目前的形势太令人迷惑了，以致我感到困惑。 答案　①with　②confusing；confused 4.quantity n.量，数量

　　[教材原句]He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.

　　他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。 ①Quantities of food ________ (be)spread out on the table. 许多食品被摊放在桌子上。 ②A large quantity of good earth ________ (be)being washed away in this area every year. 每年这个地区大量沃土被冲走。 ③It is well-known that it's cheaper to buy goods ________. 众所周知大批量购货较便宜。 答案　①were　②is　③in quantity/in large quantities 【名师点津】　a quantity of与quantities of意思相当，其谓语动词一般根据quantity的形式来确定单复数形式。 5.observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝

　　[教材原句]Air-conditioned vehicles for observing animals. 用于观察动物的带空调的车辆。

　　写出下列句中observe的含义

　　①Do you observe Christmas Day in your country？ ____________

　　②The players agreed to observe the spirit of fair play in all of the games.

　　____________

　　③He made a telescope through which he could observe the stars.

　　____________ 答案　①庆祝　②遵守　③观察，观测 [一言串记]When we attend the parade to observe National Day，we must observe the traffic regulations.If we observe someone run a red light，we should stop him. 当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。 (1)observe sb do/doing sth 看到某人做了/正在做某事 observe sth done 看到某事被做

　　(2)observer n. 观察者 (3)observation n. 观察；观察力；观测 【巧学助记】 6.limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度

　　[经典例句]There is a limit to one's life，but no limit to serving the people.

　　一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。 (1)limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 (2)set a limit to/on...对……规定限度

　　(3)limited adj.有限的 ①As soon as you set a limit ________ your endurance，you will lose.

　　一旦你为你的忍耐力设定了极限， 你必定会输。 ②We must limit the expense ________ what we can afford. 我们必须把开销限制在不超出我们经济能力的范围内。 ③He was born in a poor family，and only received a ________(limit)education in his childhood.

　　他出身贫寒，小时候接受的教育很有限。 答案　①to　②to　③limited [短 语 点 拨] 1.take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；突然大受欢迎

　　[高考例句](2017·安徽，任务型读写)In Korea，you should take off your shoes when entering a house.

　　在韩国，当你要进入房间时，你应该脱掉鞋。

　　写出下列句中take off的含义

　　①Three planes were standing on the runway，waiting to take off.

　　____________

　　②Take off your wet clothes and put on some dry ones. ____________ ③Congratulations，Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off. ____________ ④Her singing career took off after her TV appearance. ____________ take over 接任，接管，接收 take in 吸收，理解；受骗 take up 拿起；占据；对……有兴趣；开始从事 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 ⑤George is taking ________ the running of our American corporation.

　　乔治准备接手经营我们美国的企业。 答案　①起飞　②脱下　③休假　④突然大受欢迎　⑤over 2.turn up 出现，到场；找出，发现；开大，调高

　　[教材原句]When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.

　　当我第一次跳的时候，我很紧张以致试图放弃，但在朋友们的劝说下，我终于完成了那次蹦极。

　　写出下列黑体部分的含义

　　①This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up. ____________ ②Investigations have never turned up any evidence.

　　____________ ③Bill would turn up the TV in the other room.

　　____________ turn to 求助于 turn out 最后结果，最终成为；在场；出席；生产 ④Don't worry—I'm sure it will all ________ fine.

　　别担心——我敢肯定一切最终会好起来的。 答案　①出现　②找到　③调高　④turn out to be 3.get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路，河等)

　　[教材原句]It's difficult to get across how exciting it is!

　　要真正体会到这是多么令人兴奋的事，并不容易。

　　写出下列黑体部分的含义

　　①The local government took some measures to help the deer to get across the highway.

　　____________

　　②Officers felt their point of view was not getting across to ministers.

　　____________ ③It took a long time to get across to the workers the way the system worked.

　　____________ get across to (sb)/get sth across to (sb) 被传达/理解；把……讲清楚 get down to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待，开始做 get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过 ④If everyone keeps in line，we'll ________ the customs soon.

　　如果大家都遵守秩序，我们会很快通过海关。 答案　①横过　②接受　③理解　④get through 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写 1.(2015·北京，阅读A)The first thing he did was to find __________

　　(庇护所) from the freezing wind and snow. 2.(2015·湖南，写作)In addition，the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally ___________(有限的). 3.There is hardly __________(高兴的) news in the paper. shelter limited cheerful 4.(2015·安徽，阅读C)People are learning how to organize huge ________(数量)of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. 5.(2015·天津，阅读D) Once when I was facing a decision that involved high _____ (冒险)，I went to a friend. 6.*When she got on the bus，she ________(注意到) all the seats were already occupied. quantities risk observed 7.What is the ___________(海拔) of the top of the mountain? 8.(2015·北京，阅读A) He thought about all of the ________(生存)shows he had watched on TV. 9.*I'm _____________(不舒服的) being introduced to a new person. 10.(2017·江西，阅读A)After the first expedition，Larry's later diving ___________(探险) only got better and better. altitude survival uncomfortable adventures 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2017·安徽，阅读A) Arriving there was rather tiring，but I managed to catch a taxi to my ________________(accommodate) and settle in. 2.(2017·江西，33) It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great ___________(wealthy). 3.(2015·安徽，阅读D)There are an ___________ (extreme)large number of ants worldwide. accommodation wealth extremely 4.The ________(similar) between the two stories suggests Lowry wrote them both. 5.The hotel offers its guests a wide ________(various)of amusements. 6.My ____________(prefer) is that we (should) challenge the other groups to a friendly competition. 7.There were a few_____________moments in the basketball game.Therefore，all of us watched with __________.(anxious) similarity variety preference anxious anxiety 8.The workers in the factory ________ themselves with scientific knowledge and all the ________ in the factory is very advanced.(equip) 9.He's a good doctor.He always has ________ with his ________.He treats them ________.(patient) 10.What ________ me was Liu Qian's ________ performance which made all the people present look at him in ____________.(amaze) equip equipment patience patients patiently amazed amazing amazement

　　三、开心词场

　　The trip with heavy luggage is tiring.I was walking on my way to the port city and felt uncomfortable because I was running out of my energy.Suddenly a porter turned up.He helped me carry the luggage to my accommodation and I felt it was an excitement.I couldn't imagine if he had stood by. 【联想·积累】 ❶“看”遍天下 ①glance v.(粗略地)看一下；扫视 n. 一瞥；扫视 ②glare v.瞪眼；怒目而视 ③spot v.发现；认出 ④watch v.看；注视 ⑤witness v. 目击 n.目击者 ⑥stare vt.& vi.凝视；盯着看 ⑦glimpse v.瞥见；看一眼 ⑧observe v.观察；注意到 ❷由前缀un-想到的 ①unjust 不公平的→injustice 不公正 ②unequal 不相等的→inequality不相等 ③unthankful＝thankless 不感激的 ④unfruitful＝fruitless 无结果的 ⑤unfaithful＝faithless 不诚实的 ❸词汇拓展 ①tiring adj.令人疲劳的→tired adj.疲倦的，厌倦的→tire vt.使疲倦；使疲劳 ②uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable

　　adj.舒服的→comfort n.& vt.安慰 ③differ vi.不同于，有区别→difference n.不同之处→different adj.不同的 ④confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.混乱；困惑 ⑤various adj.不同的，各种各样的→variety n.品种；种类；变化→vary vi.变化