【加练半小时】2017届高考英语一轮复习练习：第40练 人体与动物类（含解析）

　　单词识记：

　　brain　 　 　catch　 　 　tremble 　point

　　raise

　　reach

　　search

　　throw

　　breathe

　　cough

　　finger

　　knock

　　observe

　　strike

　　glance

　　seize

　　whisper

　　whistle

　　swallow

　　clumsy

　　短语扫描：

　　arm in arm臂挽臂地

　　take no notice of没注意到

　　burst out doing放声……起来

　　have/take a look at看

　　hold on to抓紧；坚持；克制

　　on one’s knees跪着

　　run away 逃走；逃避

　　slide into 偷偷地进入

　　turn around转身；转变；好转

　　turn one’s back on 置之不理

　　[跟踪训练]

　　在空格处填入适当的词(1个单词)或所给词的正确形式

　　1．Gil was white and ________(tremble) with anger.

　　2．Any child who is ________(catch) will be kept in at playtime.

　　3．No American should have to drive out of town ____________(breath) clean air.

　　4．Men carrying guns ________(seize) the five soldiers and drove them away.

　　5．These toes are like funny little ________(finger)．

　　6．The boys ran down the road arm ________ arm.

　　7．He held on ________ the rope，and slipped down the cliff slowly.

　　8．She was ________ her knees cleaning the kitchen floor.

　　9．He and I were always planning to run _______ together.

　　10．Everyone was quiet when Janice suddenly burst ________ crying.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Whether you’re eating at a fancy restaurant or dining in someone’s home，proper table manners are likely to help you make a good impression.According to a US expert，Emily Post, “All rules of table manners are made to avoid ugliness.”

　　While Henry Hitchings of the Los Angeles Times admits that good manners can reduce social conflict，he points out that mostly their purpose is protective—they turn our natural warrior—like selves into more elegant ones.

　　So where did table manners come from?

　　In medieval England，a writer named Petrus Alfonsi took the lead to urge people not to speak with their mouths full.And King David Ⅰ of Scotland also proposed that any of his people who learned to eat more neatly be given a tax deduction(减除)．

　　Disappointingly，that idea never caught_on.It was during the Renaissance，when there were real technical developments，opinions of correct behavior changed for good.“None of these was more significant than the introduction of the table fork，” wrote Hitchings.“Gradually，as forks became popular，they brought the new way of eating，making it possible，for instance，to consume berries without making one’s fingers dirty.”

　　Forks were introduced to Britain in 1608 and 25 years later，the first table fork reached America.Yet while most of the essentials(基本要素) are the same on both sides of the Atlantic，there are a few clear differences between what’s normal in the US and what holds true in the UK.For example，in the US，when food needs cutting with a knife，people generally cut a bite，then lay aside the knife and switch the fork to their right hand.Then they pick up one bite at a time.By contrast，Britons keep the fork in the left hand and don’t lay the knife down.

　　Though globalization has developed a new，simpler international standard of table manners，some people still stick with the American cut­and­switch method.The Los Angeles Times noted, “They are hanging on to a form of behavior that favors manners above efficiency.”

　　1．What does the story mainly talk about?

　　A．The importance of proper table manners.

　　B．The development of table manners in Western countries.

　　C．Some unwritten rules of table manners in the US and UK.

　　D．Differences between American and British table manners.

　　2．The underlined phrase “caught on” in the passage probably means “________”．

　　A．worked in practice

　　B．became popular

　　C．drew attention

　　D．had a positive effect

　　3．Which of the following events influenced people’s table manners most according to the article?

　　A．The introduction of forks.

　　B．The tax deduction policy.

　　C．The rise of the Renaissance.

　　D．Petrus Alfonsi’s efforts in promoting table manners.

　　4．What can we conclude from the article?

　　A．British and American table manners are completely different from each other.

　　B．American people pay more attention to their table manners than British people do.

　　C．With globalization，the American cut­and­switch method has been abandoned in the US.

　　D．British people’s way of using a knife and fork may be more efficient than American people’s.

　　B

　　As a substitute teacher，my daily routine involves driving to a new school almost every day so I’m usually unable to anticipate(预料) the day’s events，good or bad!

　　On one particular day，I was teaching in a very difficult classroom.I was managing behavior all the morning and by lunchtime，I knew I needed coffee to even consider surviving the afternoon.So on my lunch break，I drove to a nearby plaza to get a cup of coffee.Upon returning to the car I realized I had locked my keys and my phone inside！I had about 15 minutes to get back to the school.It was a good 4­ or 5­minute drive.I contemplated(思考) rushing back，but it being winter，I thought a nasty fall on ice would only make the situation much worse.

　　So I ran into a McDonald’s which was in the same plaza and asked the man at the counter，who happened to be the manager，to call me a cab.I briefly explained my situation to him，and I could tell that he empathized with me from his expression.He hurried to the back to use the phone while I was waiting.I had less than 10 minutes to get back to my school at this point.

　　The manager returned only to tell me that the cab company had put him on hold and then the line got disconnected.My expression，I assume，began to resemble some combination of hopelessness and fear.

　　Without a second thought，he grabbed his coat and offered to drive me to the school.Without hesitation，I followed him into his car and made it back into my classroom with 2 minutes to spare before the bell!

　　Upon arriving at the school，I thanked this man endlessly.His calm behavior and kind nature made me think he was probably a wonderful manager to work for.

　　This experience makes me realize that out of every seemingly hopeless situation，there is the opportunity for acts of kindness to transpire(发生)，which can have an unimaginable impact(影响) on those who receive them.

　　5．Why did the author want to get a cup of coffee?

　　A．Because he was very thirsty at that time.

　　B．Because he was only interested in drinking coffee.

　　C．Because he had to refresh himself for the classes in the afternoon.

　　D．Because he wanted to do something special to pass the whole afternoon.

　　6．The author ________ so he gave up the idea of going back to school on foot when he found his keys and phone were locked inside the car.

　　A．was too tired to walk further

　　B．was afraid of falling down on ice

　　C．asked the manager to call him a cab

　　D．decided to take a school bus

　　7．The author has probably stayed in the McDonald’s for about ________.

　　A．15 minutes

　　B．8－9 minutes

　　C．4－5 minutes

　　D．2 minutes

　　8．What kind of person is the manager?

　　A．Kind­hearted.

　　B．Faithful.

　　C．Gentle.

　　D．Dependable.

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　Have you ever been in a situation where you have done something just to make someone else happy?

　　You think that you are making yourself happy.__9__ I have done that many times because I wanted to impress people or I thought that if I made someone else happy it would certainly make me happy.I understand that all of us want our close friends and family to be proud of us，so we work hard in school or in our careers to meet their expectations.__10__ But if you are trying to realize other people’s dreams without keeping yourself satisfied，you will never be happy.

　　So you have to be clear and honest with yourself about what you want in your life.If you are honest with yourself，you will be more optimistic.__11__ You feel like you won’t need to achieve something for someone else.

　　__12__ They fear to be rejected (排斥) by others.They think and say “If I choose this job or career path，that person will think I am out of my mind.” or “I really want to start this business but those people will think that I won’t make any money.”__13__ Don’t think this way.If you follow other people’s wishes but cannot be true to yourself，you will have a hard time feeling great about yourself.

　　A．There is nothing wrong with that.

　　B．So why don’t I follow what they say?

　　C．And you will develop a drive from your heart.

　　D．So we should try our best to realize our dreams.

　　E．But we sometimes have to meet expectations from others.

　　F．The truth is that you are really trying to make someone else happy.

　　G．Why do so many people want to live their dreams for someone else?

　　加练半小时　英语答案精析

　　第40练　人体与动作类

　　高考高频单词与短语识记排查

　　1．trembling　2.caught　3.to breathe　4.seized　5.fingers

　　6．in　7.to　8.on　9.away　10.out

　　阅读能力专练

　　Ⅰ.1.B　[主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是餐桌礼仪的形成过程，从In medieval England(中世纪英国)谈到during the Renaissance(文艺复兴时期)，再到in 1608 and 25 years later，故本文谈的是西方国家餐桌礼仪的发展。]

　　2．B　[词义猜测题。第四段最后谈到利用免税的政策来激励人们注意用餐礼仪，可是由disappointingly一词可知，这一行动并不理想，也就是没有普及，故选B。]

　　3．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，餐叉的引入使人们的用餐方式发生了很大变化，故选A。]

　　4．D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...in the US，when food needs...By contrast，Britons keep the fork in the left hand and don’t lay the knife down.”可知英国人使用叉子时不用放下餐刀，所以效率更高。故选D。]

　　5．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“...I knew I needed coffee to even consider surviving the afternoon.”可知作者需要咖啡使自己下午上课有精神。故选C。]

　　6．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I contemplated(思考) rushing back，but it being winter，I thought a nasty fall on ice would only make the situation much worse.”可知作者是害怕在冰上滑倒，才放弃了走回学校的念头。故选B。]

　　7．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“I had about 15 minutes to get back to the school.It was a good 4­ or 5­minute drive.”可知作者有15分钟的时间返回学校而车程是四五分钟；另外根据第五段最后一句“...with 2 minutes to spare before the bell！”可知作者到校的时候，离打铃还有2分钟。综上所述可计算出作者在麦当劳待了八九分钟。故选B。]

　　8．A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“His calm behavior and kind nature made me think he was probably a wonderful manager to work for.”可知这个经理是善良的。故选A。]

　　Ⅱ.9.F　10.A　11.C　12.G　13.B