2017届（浙江、江苏）高考英语一轮复习题型重组训练：第21组（牛津译林版含解析）

　　第二十一组(建议用时：45分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解letely frustrated by the blocking and for 18—19 miles was just keeping away from people and being held up，” one participant grumbled after the 2017 London Marathon.“I had to overtake a lot of people and ended up with bruised(淤肿的) forearms from all the elbows Some researchers believe that we can find the answers through a more familiar system in which jams appear—road traffic flow.Martin Treiber, of the Technical University of Dresden in Germany, has previously developed models for traffic flow.One of the first attempts to model traffic flow was made in the 1950s by James Lighthill and his collaborator Gerard Whitham of Manchester University.They considered the traffic as a kind of liquid flowing down a pipe, and looked at how the flow changes as the fluid gets denser(浓稠)．At first the flow rate increases as the density increases, there’s a risk of jams, and the flow rate drops sharply.

　　Treiber’s model of a marathon uses this same principle that the flow rate first increases and then decreases as the density of runners increases, thanks to an sudden switch from free to crowded flow. He assumes that there is a range of different preferred speeds for different runners, which each maintains throughout the race.With just these factors, Treiber can calculate the flow rate of runners, knowing the 揷arrying capacity?s(承载能力) at each point on the route.(which means those at the back have to wait until those in front have moved forward)．Others assign runners to various groups according to ability, 6，000 participants.The traditional route had to be changed in 2017，because the police were no longer willing to close a road to ensure that runners could cross safely.It could pass either over a 60m wooden bridge or through a tunnel.Treiber used his model to predict the likely blocking caused in the various options.The model predicted that a mass start would risk an overload of runners if the bridge were to be used.Only by moving the starting point further back from the bridge could the danger be avoided—and even then, if some of the numbers assumed in the model were only slightly inaccurate, there was still a risk of jams at the bridge.On the other hand, no dangerous blocking seemed likely for the tunnel route.The run organizers consulted Treiber’s team, and eventually chose this option.

　　1．What is the worst thing while running a marathon?

　　A．The long distance.

　　B．Too many participants.

　　C．The dangerous blocking.

　　D．Serious injuries in forearms.

　　2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．James Lighthill is the first expert trying to model traffic flow.

　　B．The denser the flow is, the faster the flow rate becomes.

　　C．The flow rate increases in the beginning because fewer people passed together.

　　D．The flow rate increases first and then decreases later when the flow is too denser.

　　3．What is NOT true

　　about the Rennsteig?

　　A．It has much less participants than the London Marathon in 2017.

　　B．It has a shorter distance than the London Marathon.

　　C．The route was changed because the traditional one is not safe any longer.

　　D．The participants running this marathon will pass a tunnel because this choice is safer.

　　4．What’s the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Make a comparison between marathon and road traffic.

　　B．Running a marathon is somewhat dangerous if it is not well organized.

　　C．Introduce a new technology to solve the blocking problem in marathon.

　　D．Some advice for people who are to run a marathon.

　　Ⅱ.任务型阅读ossibility; it’s a matter of motivating yourself to focus on the right things.You know you should be doing something, but sometimes you just don’t feel like doing anything.This discouraging situation can last a long time if you don’t head it off and take action.Here are some daily motivation tricks that might work for you.

　　1．________

　　This is by far the most important tip in this article, because in the end, all of the other tips in the world won’t make as much of a difference as this simple and timeless instruction：Sit down and get a move on! Do you feel the push­back of laziness? Reading more about motivation won’t help. Reviewing your to­do lists s going to be or how long it’s going to take you.Not starting is failing.Tell yourself, 揂s soon as I get going, I抣l feel more motivated.?And you抣l realize it抯 not nearly as hard as you thought it would be.

　　2help.．________

　　Be aware of your self­talk and stay confident.You have the choice to replace negative self­talk with a more encouraging and friendly voice.A voice that will consider your aim as not just a possibility, but a probability; A voice that does not look at the possibility of success before taking action, but rather uses self璪elief as its driving force; sA voice that all things are possible to those who commit to their dream.

　　Tell yourself over and over again that you can do it. See what effect it has. Persist with this kind of possibility and eventually you抣l feel better about whatever it is you want to get done, and you抣l even start to fool yourself into believing it抯 true.

　　3er ．________

　　There is no better way to recharge yourself for improvement than spending time with someone who motivates you.They are smart and can always encourage you to be better.Study their qualities.Study their habits.Surround yourself with them, talk to them, learn from them; they are already living and producing results at a level you admire and expect to.Compare stories, successes and failures.Let their inner light guide you.

　　4．________

　　You have made so much progress, you just don’t realize it.Open your eyes and give yourself credit for all that you have done.Think about it.Write down your past successes.Consider using a journal to keep track of them.You’ll probably be pleasantly surprised when you review your results.It’s a great motivator to see how much you have improved and how far you have come.Be happy with your progress and move on.

　　5．________

　　Do not judge unsuccessful attempts and mistakes as an indication of your future potential, but as part of the growth process.Something does not have to end well for it to have been one of the most valuable experiences of a lifetime.When times get tough, take a deep breath, and know that most great things come when you least expect it.Being defeated is a temporary condition; giving up is what makes it permanent.And most people that gave up didn’t realize how close they were to success.Push through!

　　Ⅲ.书面表达假2016年7月从新华外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知某公司正招聘一名英文秘书你很感兴趣请给该公司负责人写一封求职信信的内容包括以下几个方面：年龄；学习情况及英语水平；兴趣和特长；性格特点。注意：1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好不计入总词数；可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；词数100～120。I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.

　　________________________________________________________________________

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　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

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　　________________________________________________________________________

　　I’m looking forward to your reply.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“I have to admit to being completely

　　frustrated by the blocking and for 18—19 miles was just keeping away from

　　people and being held up”以及下文内容可知，马拉松跑步比赛中最糟糕的事是遇到有危险的阻碍。故C项正确。

　　2．解析：选D。正误判断题。根据第二段最后两句“At first the flow rate increases as the density increases，since you simply get more stuff through in the same period of time.But if the density becomes too high，there’s a risk of jams，and the flow rate drops sharply.”可知，开始时，流动速度加快，随后当水流变稠时流动速度减慢。故D项正确。

　　3.解析：选C。正误判断题。根据最后一段第二句“The traditional route had to be changed in 2017，because the police were no longer willing to close a road to ensure that runners could cross safely.”可知，改变传统道路的原因是交警不再愿意关闭道路以保证长跑者安全通过，故C项与原文不符。故选C项。

　　4．解析：选C。主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Treiber has applied the model to the annual Rennsteig half­marathon in central Germany，which attracts around 6,000 participants.”最后一句“The run organizers consulted Treiber’s team，and eventually chose this option.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种解决马拉松比赛中阻塞问题的新技术。故C项正确。

　　Ⅱ.任务型阅读

　　1～5.ACEDF

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　One possible version：

　　Dear_Sir/Madam，

　　I_learned_from_the_newspaper_that_your_company_needs_an_English_secretary. I’m really interested in this position and I hope I can work for you.

　　I’m 18 years old and will graduate from Xinhua Foreign Language School in July, 2016.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 30 students. I’m good at English, especially spoken English. I’m able to use the computer skillfully and I type very fast, which is very important for office work. In my spare time, I read a lot of books written in English, among which poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much, too. Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. What’s more, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.

　　I’m_looking_forward_to_your_reply.

　　Yours_sincerely，

　　Li_Hua