2017年高考英语精品课堂基础版之重点讲解：专题02《the united kingdom》（新人教版必修5原卷版）

　　重点词汇

　　考点1．【教材原句】Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. 令人高兴的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王是，三个国家和平地实现了联合。

　　conflict n. 冲突；矛盾；vi. 冲突，抵触

　　【归纳】…冲突/矛盾

　　come into conflict with sb与某人发生冲突/争执

　　conflict with与…冲突

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.

　　她发现自己在未来择业问题上 ___________________。

　　John often comes into conflict with his boss.

　　约翰经常 ___________________。

　　These results conflict with earlier findings.

　　这些结果与早期的发现 _________。

　　【即时巩固】

　　(1)She often comes ______ conflict with the people around her.

　　(2)The new plan is in conflict ______ the original one.

　　(3)This conflicts ______ what he said yesterday.

　　考点2．【教材原句】You will live in a town close to the countryside in England in a furnished house with all modern conveniences. 你将会居住在英国一座靠近乡村的小镇上，你的房子配备了一切现代化的便利设施。

　　【归纳】’t afford to furnish it.

　　买下房子后，他们没有钱 _________ 。

　　We advise furnishing the house according to our own taste.

　　我们建议按自己的爱好 _________ 房子。

　　She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case.

　　她向他 _________ 与案件有关的真实情况。

　　【即时巩固】

　　_______(furnish) accommodation连家具住房（租赁）

　　一件家具________________

　　考点3．【教材原句】Your task will be to examine the possibility of constructing a new factory in the United Kingdom. 你的任务是考察在英国建造一座新工厂的可能性。

　　【归纳】…有…的可能

　　辨析possible，probable与likely

　　易混词 辨析 例句

　　possible 仅指“有可能”，作表语时，不用人作主语，其句式：It is possible that/ to do… Is it possible to get to the city by train, or must I take a bus?有可能坐火车到那个城市去吗，还是我必须坐公共汽车？

　　probable 指“有较大的可能”，作表语时，不用人作主语，其句式：It is probable that… It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment.

　　很可能他忘了我们的约会。

　　likely 指“很可能的”，其主语可以是人、物或it，其结构是主语（人/物）+ be + likely +动词不定式；It is likely that… We are likely to make mistakes when learning English.=It is likely that we will make mistakes when we learn English.学习英语的时候，我们可能会犯错。

　　【例句研读】

　　There was no possibility of their team winning the game.

　　他们队赢得比赛是 _________ 。

　　The study raises the possibility that dieting is bad for your health.

　　那项研究提出节食 _________ 危害健康。

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2009浙江高考）——Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport?

　　——No problem.

　　when

　　B.that

　　C.whether

　　D.what

　　(2)It is ______ that he will come this afternoon.

　　(3)Children, who grow up in a large family, are more ______ to get along well with others.

　　考点4．【教材原句】They had no time to arrange their own wedding, so they… 他们没有时间准备自己的婚礼，所以他们…

　　【归纳】

　　’ve arranged for the window cleaner to come on Thursday.

　　我已经 _____________ 一个窗户清洁工星期四来。

　　She was busy arranging information when I came in.

　　当我进来的时候她正在忙着 _____________ 。

　　【即时巩固】

　　(1)She’s arranged ______ swimming lessons next month.

　　A.her son to have

　　B.for her son to have

　　C.for her son having

　　D.her son having

　　考点5．【教材原句】Her first delight was going to the Tower. 她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。

　　delight n.[u]乐趣；喜悦；[c]乐事&v.（使）高兴；（使）欣喜

　　【归纳】’s delight让某人高兴的是

　　with/ in delight高兴地

　　It is a delight to do sth做…是一件快乐的事

　　delight in (doing) sth以（做）某事为乐

　　be/ feel delighted at/ by/ with因…而高兴

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Chris takes great delight in teasing his younger sister.

　　克里斯 _______________ 。

　　(2)To his parents’ delight, he has made a full recovery.

　　_______________ ，他完全康复。

　　(3)The kids were screaming with delight.

　　孩子们在 _______________ 尖叫。

　　(4)It is a delight to drink a cold drink in such a hot day.

　　大热天喝杯冷饮 _______________ 。

　　(5)This news will delight his fans all over the world.

　　这个消息将 ______________________ 。

　　(6)He delighted in sharing his love of birds with children.

　　他 _________ 与孩子们分享他对鸟类的热爱。

　　(7)She was delighted by/ at the news of the wedding.

　　听到婚礼的消息她 __________ 。

　　【即时巩固】

　　Much ______ with his son’s performances at school, Mr Green decided to take him to Beijing for a holiday.

　　delighting

　　B.to delight

　　C.being delighted

　　D.delighted

　　考点6．【教材原句】It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 这似乎是一件怪事，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活，并且在伦敦去世。

　　【归纳】’t have done:本不该做（却做了）

　　【例句研读】

　　It is strange that she should marry such a poor man.

　　她 ________ 嫁给这样一个穷光蛋，真是太奇怪了。

　　You should go and see Mary sometime.

　　你 ________ 找个时间去看看玛丽。

　　I should have left London before 9, but I didn’t.

　　我 ________ 9点之前离开伦敦的，但我没有。

　　【即时巩固】

　　It is strange that the well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude.

　　A.should

　　B.need

　　C.might

　　D.would

　　考点7．【教材原句】But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.但是让她感到震惊的是博物馆里有如此多的来自于不同文化的奇妙珍宝被展出。

　　【归纳】…组成/构成

　　【教材原句】How many countries does the UK consist of?英国由几个国家组成？

　　【归纳】…组成/构成（不用于进行和被动）

　　consist of = be made up of（make up指分散的个体组成整体，既可用于主动态，也可用于被动语态。）

　　consist in(= lie in)在于；存在于（无被动语态）

　　consist with与…一致；相符

　　【例句研读】

　　The book consists of nineteen chapters. = The book is made up of nineteen chapters.全书 ____________。

　　Happiness consists in contentment.

　　The report dose not consist with the fact.这篇报道与事实 ________。

　　【即时巩固】

　　(1)The committee ____________ ten members.=The committee is____________ ten members.

　　这个委员会由10个人组成。

　　考点2．divide…into把…分成

　　【教材原句】England can be divided into three main areas. 英格兰被分成三大主要地区。

　　【归纳】…into把…分成

　　divide sth (between / among sb):把食物分配（给某人）

　　divide A by B:用B除A

　　拓展：

　　6+2=8(Six plus/and two is eight.)

　　6-2=4(Six minus two is four.)

　　6×2=12(Six times/multiplied by two is twelve.)

　　6÷2=3(Six divided by two is three.)

　　(2)separate…from…把…与…分开

　　（注意：divide强调将原来为一个整体的东西划分为若干部分；separate强调将原来连在一起或靠得近的人或物分开）

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The teacher divider our class into five groups.

　　老师 ______________________。

　　A year is divided into twelve months.

　　一年 ______________________。

　　The food was divided among all the people.

　　食物 ______________________。

　　Thirty divided by six is/makes/equals five.

　　30 _______ 6等于5。

　　【即时巩固】

　　The money is to be divided up equally ______ the six sons.

　　Divide 21 ______ 3 and you will get 7.

　　Please ______ the apple on the table into two parts.

　　Please ______ these apples on the table.

　　考点3．break way (from) 摆脱（束缚）；（从…）脱离，背叛（政党、国家等）

　　【教材原句】However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. 然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿（加入联合王国），就分离出去建立了自己的政府。

　　break way (from) 摆脱（束缚）；（从…）脱离，背叛（政党、国家等）

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The robber broke away from the prison.

　　抢劫犯 ____________。

　　(2)The boy broke away from his mother and ran away.

　　那个男孩 ____________，跑掉了。

　　(3)At that time, the American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.

　　那时美国南方各州想 ____________。

　　【归纳】’s wrong of you to __________ from all your friends who helped you when you were in trouble.

　　break away

　　B.break down

　　C.break into

　　D.break out

　　His car __________ on the way home this afternoon.

　　The fire __________ at midnight when all the people went to sleep.

　　Did you know that Kate __________ with her husband?

　　考点4．to one’s credit为…带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在…名下

　　【教材原句】To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg. the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. 值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作（例如在货币和国际关系上），但它们在制度上仍然存在着很大的区别。

　　【归纳】’s credit为…带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在…名下

　　on credit记账，赊购

　　credit n. 信任；信用；学分；信贷

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Much to Mo Yan’s credit, he won the Nobel Literature Prize.

　　莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，______________________。

　　(2)It is greatly to your credit that you have passed such a difficult exam.

　　你通过了这么难的考试，_____________________。

　　(3)I have twenty novels and countless magazine stories to my credit.

　　____________________________________________________

　　(4)Where can I see my credit score?

　　我在哪里能看到我的 _________ 分数？

　　(5)He hasn’t enough credits to get his degree.

　　他的 _________ 不够取得学位。

　　【即时巩固】

　　_______, Nathan gave back the enormous amount of money he found.

　　To his sorrow

　　B. To his joy

　　C. To his surprise

　　D. To his credit

　　(2)Although the young couple don’t have enough money to pay for the car, they can take it ______(赊账)。

　　考点5．for convenience为了方便起见

　　【教材原句】England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的，为了方便起见，它大致被分成了三个地区。

　　【归纳】’s convenience=for the convenience of sb为了方便某人

　　at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候

　　It is convenient for sb to do sth某人方便做某事

　　be convenient for 对…是方便的

　　注意：在主系表结构中，若表语为convenient，则主语不能是人。

　　Please come at six if you are convenient.(×)

　　Please come at six if it is convenient for you.(√)

　　【例句研读】

　　I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience.

　　_____________，我把参考书放在书桌旁。

　　(2)Many stores have a delivery service for the convenience of customers.

　　_____________，许多商店设有送货服务。

　　(3)Can you telephone me at your convenience?

　　你能不能 _____________ 给我打个电话？

　　Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

　　你明天开始工作 ________ 吗？

　　The house is very convenient for several schools.

　　这座房子离几所学校都 ________。

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2008山东高考）Would it be ______ for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?

　　free

　　B.vacant

　　C.handy

　　D.convenient

　　考点6．leave(…)out省去；遗漏；不考虑；不理会，忽视

　　【教材原句】Which country is left out? 哪个国家没包括在内？

　　【归纳】…)out省去；遗漏；不考虑；不理会，忽视

　　leave aside不考虑，搁置一边

　　leave behind把…抛在后面，落后

　　leave…alone让…单独呆着

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)He told me this word could be left out.

　　他告诉我这个词可以 ________。

　　(2)This word is wrongly spelt. You’ve left out a letter.

　　这个单词拼错了，你 ________ 一个字母。

　　(3)We left out the possibility of his coming.

　　我们 ___________ 他会来。

　　(4)No one speaks to him. He’s always left out.

　　没人跟他讲话，他总是 ________。

　　(5)Let’s leave the matter aside for a moment.

　　我们暂时 ________ 这件事。

　　(6)Please call for me when you go; don’t leave me behind.

　　你去的时候来接我，可别 ________。

　　(7)When the boss gets mad, leave him alone.

　　当老板生气时，________。

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2008湖北高考）The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.

　　bring out

　　B.let out

　　C.leave out

　　D.make out

　　考点7．take the place of代替

　　【教材原句】All of the words below can take the place of said…下面所有的单词都能代替said…

　　【归纳】’s place=replace

　　表示“代替”的介词短语in place of=in one’s place / instead of

　　in place在合适的位置

　　out of place不合适；在不恰当的位置

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Natural methods of pest control are now taking the place of chemicals.

　　控制害虫的自然方法目前正在 ________ 化学品。

　　【即时巩固】

　　——To our sadness, our chemistry teacher is ill.

　　——Really? Who will ______ him?

　　in place of

　　B.take place

　　C.instead of

　　D.take the place

　　（2017湖北高考）The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks __________ in the garden of a traditional home.

　　A.out of question

　　B.out of order

　　C.out of sight

　　D.out of place

　　考点8．in memory of为纪念…

　　【教材原句】It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. 为了纪念一些已故的诗人和作家，它里面珍藏着他们的雕像，例如莎士比亚。

　　【归纳】…

　　in honour of 为了纪念

　　in favour of 赞成，支持

　　in possession of 拥有

　　in sight of 看见

　　in support of 支持

　　in defence of保卫

　　in praise of称赞

　　in search of 寻找

　　in need of需要

　　in charge of负责，管理

　　【例句研读】

　　People hold celebrations every year in memory of the great poet.

　　人们每年都举行一些庆祝活动 _____________________。

　　(1)来纪念这位伟大的诗人

　　【即时巩固】

　　The building was named Ford Hall ______ a man named James Ford.

　　in need of

　　B.in memory of

　　C.in charge of

　　D.in search of

　　三、经典句型

　　考点1．There be句型

　　【教材原句】There followed St Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! 接着参观的是圣保罗大教堂，它是公元1666年可怕的伦敦大火以后修建的。刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌。

　　【句法分析】第一句是there be的变体，其中built after…in 1666为 St Paul’s Cathedral的后置定语。第二句中的when first built为时间状语从句的省略。

　　【归纳】…等。

　　There be句型为典型的完全倒装句式，使用时要注意根据句子的主语（多个并列主语时，靠近be动词的主语）来确定谓语动词的单复。

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Once upon a time there lived a princess who was very beautiful.

　　从前，有一位非常美丽的公主。

　　(2)In the distance there stands the world-famous building.

　　远处矗立着那座世界闻名的建筑。

　　(3)There exist different opinions on the question.

　　关于这个问题存在着不同的意见。

　　【即时巩固】

　　There ______ one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.

　　is remained

　　B.remain

　　C.remaining

　　D.remains

　　考点2．状语从句的省略

　　【归纳】’ll go with you.

　　如果有必要，我将和你一起去。

　　He is better, though (he is) not yet cured.

　　他好些了，虽然仍未痊愈。

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2010浙江高考）The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______regularly, can improve our health.

　　being carried out

　　B.carrying out

　　C.carried out

　　D.to carry out

　　四、语法讲解

　　过去分词作宾语补足语

　　知识讲解

　　过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。在高中阶段过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有以下几种：

　　语法情境 例句

　　过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep，leave等的后面 They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。

　　Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。

　　have/ get + 宾语 + 过去分词：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇某种不幸” I have had my bike repaired.我让人修了我的自行车。

　　The villagers had many trees planted just then.就在那时，村民们叫人种了许多树。

　　I must get my hair cut.我得理发了。

　　在“make + 宾语 + 过去分词”结构中过去分词表示结果 I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高了嗓门以便让别人听到我的话。

　　He made himself known to them.

　　他先向他们做了自我介绍。

　　过去分词常用在感官动词watch，see，hear，listen to，notice，feel等的后面 When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

　　当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。

　　过去分词用在want，wish，like，expect，order等表示“希望、愿望、命令”类动词的后面作宾语补足语 I want the suit made to his own measure.

　　我想要照他自己的尺寸做这套衣服。

　　Everyone wishes the matter settled as soon as possible.

　　人人都希望这件事情尽快解决。

　　过去分词用在“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系 The thief was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。

　　With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。

　　二、跟踪训练

　　I. 单项填空

　　1. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.（2010辽宁高考）

　　A. to recognize

　　B. recognizing

　　C. recognize

　　D. recognized

　　2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _____ the next year.

　　A. carry out

　　B. carrying out

　　C. carried out

　　D. to carry out

　　3. Helen had to shout _____above the sound of the music.

　　A. making herself hear

　　B. to make herself hear

　　C. making herself heard

　　D. to make herself heard

　　4. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

　　A. settled

　　B. settling

　　C. to settle

　　D. being settled

　　5. Tom rushed out in a hurry, _____ the door _____.

　　A. leaving; unlocked

　　B. leaving; unlocking

　　C. left; unlocked

　　D. to leave; unlocking

　　6. The ______ professor found the matter ______.

　　A. surprising; surprised

　　B. surprising; surprising

　　C. surprised ; surprised

　　D. surprised; surprising

　　7. The audience ______ before TV sets are listening to Yi Zhongtain’s stories with their eyes_____. upon him.

　　A. seating; fixing

　　B. seated; fixing

　　C. seated; fixed

　　D. seating; fixed

　　8. I have had my bike ______, and I’m going to have somebody _____my radio tomorrow.

　　A. repair; to repair

　　B. repairing; to be repaired

　　C. repaired; repair

　　D. to repair; repairing

　　9. The result of the entrance exam was not made _____to the public until last Sunday.

　　A. knowing

　　B. known

　　C. knew

　　D. to be known

　　10. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ as much as we can.

　　A. speak

　　B. speaking

　　C. spoken

　　D. to speak