2017年高考英语精品课堂基础版之重点讲解：专题04《making the news》（新人教版必修5原卷版）

　　一、重点词汇

　　考点1．【教材原句】You’ll find your colleague very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested. 你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你，所以如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。

　　eager adj. 渴望的；热切的

　　【归纳】【例句研读】【归纳】’s attention on把某人的注意力集中在…上

　　concentrate on集中，全神贯注于

　　“集中某人的注意力于…”：

　　fix/ focus one’s attention on

　　pay one’s attention to

　　be devoted to

　　put one’s heart into

　　be absorbed in

　　【例句研读】

　　I must concentrate on my work now.

　　我现在必须 __________ 工作。

　　(2)We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.

　　我们必须 _____________ 效率上。

　　【即时巩固】

　　I’m concentrating on writing my autobiography.

　　我正在 ____________ 写自传。

　　考点3．【教材原句】Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. 你只有提出许多不同的问题，才能获得你需要知道的所有信息。

　　acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到

　　【例句研读】

　　The college acquired a reputation for very high academic standards.

　　那所学院以学术水平极高而 ________ 。

　　We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.

　　我们必须用功学习才能 _________ 。

　　【归纳】“nose” for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. 我们说，一个好的记者必须具备对资讯非常敏锐的“嗅觉”。那就是说，在人们没有说出全部真相时，你必须能够判断出，并努力发现真相。

　　assess vt. 评估，评定

　　【例句研读】

　　She looked at the house and assessed its market value.

　　她看了看房子并 ________ 其市场价值。

　　He can quickly assess a person’s character.

　　他能很快 ________ 一个人的品质。

　　They assessed the value of the house at 60,000 pounds.

　　他们对这所房子的 ________ 为60,000英镑。

　　【归纳】…的机会/权利；方法；通路v.使用；存取；接近

　　【即时巩固】

　　The group leader is ______ the work done today.

　　assuring

　　B.assessing

　　C.assigning

　　D.assembling

　　Damage caused by the big fire was assessed ______ more than 10 million dollars.

　　考点5．【教材原句】They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story. 他们（记者）必须通过调查研究来使自己了解资讯中被遗漏的那部分情况。

　　inform vt. 告知，通知

　　【归纳】

　　…告知某人…

　　inform oneself of/ about sth了解/熟悉某事物

　　keep sb informed of sth随时告知某人某事

　　→information

　　n.消息，情报；资料

　　→informed

　　adj.了解情况的；消息灵通的

　　【例句研读】

　　I informed my parents of my safe arrival.

　　我 ________ 父母我已平安抵达。

　　He informed me that he had been admitted to a key university.

　　他 ________ 我他已经被一所重点大学录取了。

　　【即时巩固】

　　He ________________（通知我们）his decision to leave.

　　The teacher __________________（告诉我们）the school would be closed for one day.

　　Please keep me fully ________________ any new development.

　　考点6．【教材原句】Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.

　　同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备下一个问题。

　　meanwhile

　　adv. 其间；同时； & n.

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Eve was cutting the grass. Meanwhile Adam was planting roses.

　　夏娃在剪草， __________ 亚当在种玫瑰。

　　(2)I continued working. Meanwhile, he went out shopping.

　　我继续工作，__________ 他出去买东西。

　　(3)We need some new curtains, but these will do for the meanwhile.

　　我们需要一些新的窗帘，但这些 ________ 还可以用。

　　(4)I hope to go to medical school eventually. In the meanwhile, I am going to study chemistry.

　　我希望最终能上医学院。 __________ 我打算学化学。

　　【归纳】【归纳】…)（对…）是常有的事

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Actually, it’s not the case.

　　实际上，______________。

　　(2)The doctor explained her case to her family.

　　医生向她家人说明了她的 ________ 。

　　(3)The judge in the case is very fair.

　　这起 ________ 的法官很公正。

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2010浙江高考）I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ______.

　　by nature

　　B.in return

　　C.in case

　　D.by chance

　　I’m taking an umbrella ____________ （免得）it rains later on.

　　____________（万一）fire, ring the alarm bell.

　　____________（决不）will he give up his plan.

　　考点8．accuse vt. 指责；谴责；控告

　　【例句研读】

　　He was accused of murder by the police.

　　警方 ________ 他谋杀。

　　Mr Smith accused her of telling a lie.

　　史密斯先生 ________ 她说谎。

　　【归纳】…of (doing) sth

　　charge(指控)…with (doing) sth

　　blame(责备)…for (doing) sth

　　【即时巩固】

　　(1)The teacher accused her ______ not finishing her homework.

　　A.for

　　B.from

　　C.of

　　D.on

　　考点9．【教材原句】So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. 所以我们写了一篇文章，暗示他有罪。这陷入了一个窘境，因为如果我们错了，这位足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。

　　demand vt. & n.

　　【归纳】…] 要求…

　　It is demanded + that clause[主语+(should)do…] 要求…

　　satisfy/ meet one’s demands 满足某人的要求

　　in (great) demand

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)She demanded too high price of me.

　　她向我 ________ 太高。

　　(2)He demanded to be told everything.

　　=He demanded that he (should) be told everything.

　　他 ________ 将一切都告诉他。

　　(3)The teacher demands of his students to finish their homework well.

　　老师 ________ 学生好好地完成家庭作业。

　　(4)It is demanded that I (should) go with them.

　　我 ________ 与他们一同去。

　　【即时巩固】

　　He___________________（要求我们到达）on time.

　　It’s a must for the company to _______________（满足顾客的需求）.

　　Teachers and textbooks are always_______（大量需求）in this area.

　　The monitor came in and demanded all the students present there ______ the task in two hours.

　　finish

　　B.would finish

　　C.finished

　　D.was to finish

　　考点10．【教材原句】The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. 第一个看他这篇文章的是他们部里的一位审编。

　　senior adj. 年长的；高年级的；高级的；级别（或地位）高的 & n. [c]较某人年长得人；上级；上司

　　【归纳】’s senior high school.

　　位于这座教堂以北的是一所女子 __________ 。

　　(5)My elder brother is my senior by two years.

　　我哥哥比我 ________ 两岁。

　　(6)She felt unappreciated both by her colleagues and her seniors.

　　她觉得无论同事还是 ________ 都不赏识她。

　　【即时巩固】

　　一句多译

　　我哥哥比我大5岁。

　　考点11．【教材原句】…Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style.… 周阳也拿了一份稿子给了一位母语为英语的外国雇员，请她对报道的语言风格进行润色。

　　polish v.润色，修正；磨光，擦亮（某物）

　　【归纳】’ll have to polish up my Spanish before I go to Spain this summer.

　　在我今年夏天到西班牙去之前，我得 ________ 我的西班牙语水平。

　　He polished off the pie and the fruit.

　　他很快 _________ 馅饼和水果。

　　【即时巩固】

　　Sam polished ______ the rest of the pizza.

　　The company needs to polish ______ its image.

　　考点12．【教材原句】Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. 最后，主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。

　　approve (vt.批准，通过（计划、提案、要求等）；认可；核准;(vi.赞成，同意（与of连用)

　　【归纳】→ approval n.赞同，同意；批准，通过

　　approve of sth 同意/赞同某事

　　approve of one’s doing sth同意/赞同某人做某事

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The president approved the building plans.

　　总裁 ________ 这个建筑计划。

　　(2)The course is approved by the Department for Education.

　　课程已获教育部 ________ 。

　　(3)Do you approve of my idea?

　　你 ________ 我的想法吗？

　　(4)He doesn’t approve of my leaving school this year.

　　他 ________ 我今年离校。

　　【即时巩固】

　　I don’t _______ of your sending your daughter to Britain to study; she is too young.

　　agree

　　B.approve

　　C.support

　　D.assess

　　考点13．【教材原句】All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives.

　　所有要被制成胶片的报道材料都准备好了。

　　process vt. 加工；处理（文件、信息等）& n.过程；程序；步骤

　　→ processor n.加工者；处理者

　　【例句研读】【归纳】…过程中

　　in process在进行中

　　be processed into被制成

　　【即时巩固】

　　The supermarket sells many foods that have been _______, so it is convenient to feed your stomach.

　　produced

　　B.stored

　　C.processed

　　D.charged

　　二、重点短语

　　考点1．have a good “nose” for善于发现…；对…很敏感

　　【教材原句】We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. 我们说，一个好的记者必须具备对资讯非常敏锐的“嗅觉”。那就是说，在人们没有说出全部真相时，你必须能够判断出，并努力发现真相。

　　【例句研读】

　　He has a good nose for business.

　　他对做生意特别精明。

　　As a journalist, she has always had a good nose for a good story.

　　作为一名记者，她总是能够捕捉到好资讯。

　　A good artist must have an eye for colour.

　　一位出色的艺术家必须对颜色有判断力。

　　One really has to have an ear for music to fully appreciate this piece.

　　一个人要想充分欣赏这首乐曲必须真正对音乐有鉴赏力。

　　【归纳】“nose” for善于发现…；对…很敏感

　　have an eye for对…有鉴赏力/识别力/眼力

　　have an ear for（对音乐等）有鉴别力

　　【即时巩固】

　　With a good “nose”______ music, he can play a long piece wonderfully after reading it only once.

　　to

　　B.for

　　C.at

　　D.on

　　考点2．depend on取决于…，视…而定（不用于进行时态）；依赖，依靠，指望

　　【教材原句】Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. 同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备下一个问题。

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The time of departure depends on the weather.

　　出发时间 _________ 天气。

　　(2)——I may go out. What about you?

　　——Well, it / that depends.

　　——我可能要出去，你呢？

　　——哦，_______________。

　　(3)The community depends on the shipping industry for its survival.

　　这个地区 _______ 航运业维持生活。

　　(4)You can’t depend on your enemy to help you.

　　你不能 ________ 你的敌人来帮助你。

　　(5)You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.

　　________ ，汤姆会帮助你学英语的。

　　【归纳】…for sth依靠…获得某物

　　depend on…to do/ doing sth依赖/指望…做某事

　　depend on it + that-clause（depend on不能直接跟宾语从句，须先接形式宾语it，然后再接真正的宾语从句。须这样用的还有see to，answer for，rely on，insist on，stick to等）

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2011山东高考）——Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?

　　——_______. I might have to work.

　　It depends

　　B. Thank you

　　C. Sounds great

　　D. Don’t mention it

　　考点3．ahead of在…前面；早于，提前；领先，胜过

　　【教材原句】We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. 我们这一版就要用，这样我们就抢在其他报纸的前面了。

　　【归纳】

　　…前面；早于，提前；领先，胜过

　　ahead of time/ schedule提前

　　go ahead（口语）干吧，用吧，请吧

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)The car ahead of us stopped suddenly.

　　我们 ________ 轿车突然停了下来。

　　(2)Can you tell me ahead of time if you’re coming?

　　如果你要来，能不能 ________ 告诉我？

　　He had to work hard to remain ahead of his classmates.  

　　他必须努力学习以保持他在同学中的。

　　…前面）us.

　　Luckily, I finished all the work _____________（提前）.

　　She was well __________ the rest of the class.

　　before

　　B.in front of

　　C.ahead

　　D.ahead of

　　三、经典句型

　　考点1．进行时表示将来

　　【教材原句】We’re delighted you’re coming to work with us. 非常高兴你来和我们一起工作。

　　【句法分析】某些表示位移（即位置移动）的动词，如leave, arrive, reach, get (to), return, come, go, start, move, sail, stay, fly等可用进行时态表示将来的动作。

　　【例句研读】

　　Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane is taking off. (福建06)

　　先生们、女士们，请记好安全带。飞机即将起飞。

　　——Are you still busy?(浙江05)

　　——Yes, I am just finishing my work, and it won’t take long.

　　——你现在仍然在忙吗？

　　——是的。我马上就要完成工作了，不会用很长时间了。

　　(3)My uncle is coming back from abroad.

　　我叔叔要从国外回来了。

　　【考点聚焦】进行时表示将来

　　【即时巩固】

　　（2017新课标全国高考II）We ______ very early so we packed the night before.

　　A.leave

　　B.had left

　　C.were leaving

　　D.have left

　　(2)Hurry up! The train ______(arrive).

　　(3)The guest ______ (leave) by train tonight. He has gone to the supermarket to by something necessary.

　　考点2．先行词为抽象地点的定语从句

　　【教材原句】I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 我明白了！你有没有过这样的情况：有人控告你的记者，说他们的报道失实？

　　【句法分析】

　　where…the stick为定语从句，修饰先行词a case, where在从句中作状语，相当于in which.

　　高考试题中对where引导定语从句的考查日趋复杂，先行词从“明显的地点”转为“模糊的或抽象的地点”。当先行词为case（情况），situation（情况、形势），position（位置、职位），condition（情形，条件），point（境地），stage（境地，阶段）等词，并且所需关系词在从句作状语时，常用where或介词+which来引导定语从句。

　　【例句研读】

　　(1)Can you think of a situation where we can use this expression?

　　你能想出一个我们可以使用这种表达的情景吗？

　　(2)Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her.

　　她的病已经发展到了没人能治的地步。

　　(3)Life is like a race where we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.

　　生活就像一场赛跑，我们彼此竞争，从而超越自我。

　　【考点聚焦】先行词为抽象地点的定语从句

　　【即时巩固】

　　We’ll talk about some cases ______ drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn’t obey them.

　　where

　　B.whose

　　C.which

　　D.that

　　四、语法讲解

　　倒装

　　一、知识讲解

　　英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后，如果将谓语动词的全部或一部分放在主语之前，就叫“倒装结构”。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫“全部倒装”；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，就叫“部分倒装”。

　　一、全部倒装

　　用法 例句

　　为了使某种情景表达得生动形象，在以in, out, up, down, away, off, over, back, next等副词作状语并置于句首，谓语动词是come, go, rush, run等不及物动词，主语是名词时句子用完全倒装；若主语为人称代词，则用陈述语序。 Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.铃一响学生们就冲了出去。

　　Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.猫跳上去抓住了老鼠。

　　there, here, now, then引导的句子及there / here, be(exist, etc.)引导表“存在”的句子，主语是名词时用完全倒装；若主语为人称代词，则用陈述语序。 There goes the bell and class is over.铃响了，下课了。

　　Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。

　　表示“地点”的词语置于句首或强调“地点”概念同时主语是名词时用完全倒装。此时应特别注意主谓一致问题，句中谓语动词常为sit, stand, lie等不及物动词。 Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.在两座大楼之间有棵大树。

　　On the ground lay a sick goat.地上躺着一只生病的山羊。

　　“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”结构须用完全倒装。 Gone are the days when women were looked down upon. 妇女受歧视的年代一去不复返了。

　　Present at the meeting was Mr Liu, who taught us English. 刘老师出席了会议，他教我们英语。

　　二、部分倒装

　　1. only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句并置于句首时，引起主句部分倒装。

　　Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 直到1918年战争结束后，他才能愉快地重新投身于工作。

　　【注意】①only修饰的状语，如不位于句首，则不用倒装。

　　The aim will be achieved only after a bitter struggle. 只有经过艰苦的奋斗，目标才能达到。

　　②only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。

　　Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (×)

　　Only when he returned did we find out the truth.(√ )

　　③only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。

　　Only can he answer the question. (×)

　　Only he can answer the question. (√ )

　　2. 具有否定意义或半否定意义的副词以及含有否定词的介词短语、连词固定搭配置于句首时，需用部分倒装。

　　①常见的否定或半否定的副词有：never, seldom, little(少), hardly, nowhere, rarely, scarcely, not等。

　　Never before has the city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. 这个城市以前从来没有像今天这样需要现代化的公共交通设施。

　　②常见否定的介词短语有：at no time(从来没有)，by no means(决不)，in no case(决不)，under no circumstances(在任何情况下都不)等。

　　By no means will this method be effective. 这种方法绝对没有效。

　　Under no circumstances can we do something that can do bad to our school.

　　我们决不做有损于学校利益的事。

　　③常见的否定连词有：neither…nor…, not only…but also…, no sooner… than…, hardly….when…, scarcely… when…， not… until…等。

　　Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.我不知道这事，我也不关心。

　　Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them.

　　我们不仅不应该害怕困难，还应该尽全力克服它们。

　　Not until I

　　did I realize the importance of study. 直到我，我才意识到。

　　3. 倒装句的两个固定句型：

　　① so + be / have / 助动词/情态动词+主语：……也是如此

　　② neither / nor + be / have / 助动词/情态动词+主语：……也不这样

　　—Mary can speak good Chinese.

　　玛丽汉语说得很好。

　　—So can her mother.

　　她妈妈也是。

　　—I saw the film last week.

　　我上周看过这部电影。

　　—So did he. 他也是。

　　—Li Ping isn’t good at English. 李平英语不好。

　　—Neither / Nor am I. 我也是。

　　After that we never saw her again, nor did we hear from her. 从那以后我们再也没见过她，也没收到她的来信。

　　【注意】①“so+助动词+主语”和“so+主语+助动词”的区别：前者表示一个人或一件事情的情况也适用于另一个或事；而后者却表示“某人/物的确如此”，同意某人观点。

　　—Lucy works hard. 露西工作很努力。

　　—So she does and so do you. 她的确如此，你也是。

　　② 若前面含有两种以上，如既有实义动词又有情态动词，或既有肯定又有否定的情况，上述两种句型则用It is / was the same with…或So it is / was with…句型。

　　—He came late for school, but he was not punished.他上学迟到了，但未受到惩罚。

　　—So it was with me. / It was the same with me. 我也是。

　　4. so / such…that… 结果状语从句中，so / such 连同它们所修饰的成分位于句首加强语气时，主句用部分倒装，that从句不倒装。

　　So frightened was he that he did not dare to move any further. 他受到如此的惊吓，以致不敢往前走了。

　　。

　　5. if 引导的虚拟条件句，当if被省略后，要将从句中的were, had, should置于句首，构成倒装结构。

　　Were he here, he could settle the issue. 如果他在这儿，他就可以解决这个问题。

　　–How did you enjoy your visit?

　　-_____in my life had I received such good service from any business.

　　A. Few

　　B. Never

　　C. Only

　　D. None

　　2. –Did you see who the driver was?

　　-No, so quickly ______ that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.

　　A. did the car speed by

　　B. the car sped by

　　C. does the car speed by

　　D. the car speeds by

　　3. _____, he knows a lot about space and satellites.

　　A. A child as he is

　　B. As he is a child

　　C. Child although he is

　　D. Child though he is

　　4. Seldom ______TV when he studied in senior high school.

　　A. he watches

　　B. he watched

　　C. does he watch

　　D. did he watch

　　5. _____this way can we smooth the difficulty we are faced with now.

　　A. Just in

　　B. After in

　　C. Just by

　　D. Only in

　　6. East of the square ______a church, whose style dates back to the Roman times.

　　A. stands

　　B. standing

　　C. stand

　　D. stood

　　7. _____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.

　　A. Might she as try

　　B. Try as she might

　　C. She might as try

　　D. s she might try

　　8. It was announced that only when the fire was under control _____ to return to their homes.

　　A. the residents would be permitted

　　B. had the residents been permitted

　　C. would the residents be permitted

　　D. the residents had been permitted

　　9. –Can I smoke here?

　　-Sorry. On no condition ______in the library.

　　A. smoking permits

　　B. smoking is permitted

　　C. does smoking permit

　　D. is smoking permitted

　　10. Not until the motorbike looked almost new _____repairing and cleaning it.

　　A. he stopped

　　B. did he stop

　　C. stopped he

　　D. he did stop