2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习专题撬分练：专题8 名词和主谓一致（含解析）

　　基础组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时6分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水二中热身]Kathie is reading the

　　note which ________(be)

　　left in the drawer the other day.

　　答案　was　[句意：凯茜正在看前几天被放在抽屉里的便条。which引导定语从句修饰note，且在从句中作主语，所以谓语动词应用单数，又根据句中the other day可知应用一般过去时，故填was。]

　　2．[2016·武邑中学期末]To

　　everyone's ________ (satisfy), the girl finished the job quite well.

　　答案　satisfaction　[句意：令每个人满意的是，那个女孩出色地完成了工作。to one's＋n. 是固定用法，意为“令某人……的是”，故设空处应用名词形式。]

　　3．[2016·衡水二中预测]As a businessman, Mr Green is a complete failure. Being lazy may well be one of the ________ (advantage) to his failure.

　　答案　disadvantages　[句意：作为一个商人，格林先生是一个完全失败的人。懒惰很可能就是导致他失败的缺点之一。根据句意可知此处是说导致失败的缺点，又根据“one of＋复数名词”结构可知，此处应用disadvantages。]

　　4．[2016·枣强中学月考]He didn't put the things where they belonged, for which reason he got his ________ (punish)．

　　答案　punishment　[句意：他没有把东西放回原处，为此他受到了惩罚。his是形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词，punishment意为“惩罚”，为不可数名词。]

　　5．[2016·衡水二中猜题]Many experts thought that there is a definite ________ (connect) between citizens' heart problems and their ways of life.

　　答案　connection　[句意：许多专家认为市民的心脏问题和他们的生活方式有一定的联系。definite为形容词，修饰的词应该是名词，故填connection。]

　　6．[2016·衡水二中一轮检测]No one in the department but Tom and I ________ (know) that the director is going to resign.

　　答案　knows　[句意：除了我和汤姆，部门里没人知道经理即将辞职。主语后有but连接的成分时，谓语动词的形式与主语一致，主语no one表示单数；根据下文的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填knows。]

　　7．[2016·冀州中学周测]Going off to college, especially a great one, ________ (expand) our mind and helps us prepare better for our future.

　　答案　expands　[句意：进入大学，尤其是名牌大学，使我们开拓思路，并帮助我们更好地为未来作准备。动名词作主语，谓语动词是单数，and连接两个并列谓语，由helps可知此处为一般现在时，故用expands。]

　　8．[2016·冀州中学热身]Neither I nor Amy ________ (be) to attend the business conference if we are busy.

　　答案　is　[句意：如果我和艾米都忙的话，就都不去参加商务会议了。neither...nor...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。本题应与Amy一致，根据从句的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填is。]

　　9．[2016·枣强中学周测]With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ (be) being washed away each year.

　　答案　are　[句意：随着更多的森林被破坏，目前每年都有大量的优质土壤被冲走。“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与quantities保持一致，故应用复数形式。根据句意可知，题干阐述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填are。]

　　10．[2016·冀州中学预测]I feel it is your husband who ________ (be) to blame for the spoiled child.

　　答案　is　[句意：我感觉你丈夫应该为这个宠坏的孩子负责。句中的it is...who...构成了强调句型，此处强调的是主语your husband，故谓语要用单数形式，再根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时，故填is。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水二中期中]Great pity! His illness is beyond the treat available so far.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　treat→treatment　[句意：太遗憾了！他的疾病到目前为止还没有有效的治疗方法。设空处在句中作介词beyond的宾语，且其前有定冠词the 修饰，故用名词形式。treat作名词意为“款待”。treatment为治序。]

　　2．[2016·武邑中学热身]You can tell about a person by what he says about others in their absent.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　absent→absence　[句意：你可以根据一个人在背后对其他人的评价来判断此人。根据限定语their可知，此处应用名词形式。]

　　3．[2016·衡水二中月考]Sometimes a heartfelt “I'm sorry” fix everything right away.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　fix→fixes　[句意：有时一个真诚的道歉可以立刻弥补一切。分析句法可知，此处的I'm sorry作为一个整体在句中作主语，表单数；再根据标志词sometimes可知，用一般现在时。故用fixes。]

　　4．[2016·枣强中学仿真]The house was within a stone's throw of a railway station from which there is frequent trains to the big city.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　is→were　[句意：这所房子距火车站仅有一步之遥，从火车站开往那个大城市的火车有很多趟。there be 句型中的谓语动词与其后的名词保持一致。此句中名词trains为复数，根据上文中的was可知，谓语动词用were。]

　　5．[2016·衡水二中周测]What impresses the readers most are the author's humor and wisdom.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　are→is　[句意：使读者们印象最深的是作者的幽默和智慧。分析句子结构可知，what引导的从句在句中作主语，谓语动词应用单数。又根据上文的impresses可知此处应用一般现在时，故用is。]

　　能力组A.单句填空(每小题1.5，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　1．[2016·冀州中学模拟]I like eating meat, but what was once an innocent pleasure ________ (be) now a very guilty one.

　　答案　is　[句意：我喜欢吃肉，但是曾经单纯的快乐现在成了一种愧疚感。分析句子结构可知，此句中的主语是what引导的主语从句。从句作主语，谓语动词用单数；另外根据关键词now可知，用一般现在时。故填is。]

　　2．[2016·衡水中学一轮检测]When you are faced with challenges, you should believe that ________ (confident) is what makes a difference.

　　答案　confidence　[句意：当面对挑战时，你应该相信信心是产生作用的因素。所填词在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，故应该用名词，confidence意为“信心”。]

　　3．[2016·衡水中学猜题]At the press conference, a government spokesman expressed his great concern for the ________ (safe) of the three trapped workers.

　　答案　safety　[句意：在记者会上，一个政府发言人表达了他对三个被困工人安全的关心。定冠词the后是名词，故填safety。]

　　4．[2016·枣强中学热身]Last year alone the temporary unemployment insurance lifted 2.5 million people out of ________ (poor), and cushioned the blow for many more.

　　答案　poverty　[句意：仅去年一年，短期的失业保险使250万人摆脱了贫困，而且为更多人起到了缓冲作用。of是介词，所以其宾语应该为名词形式，poverty意为“贫穷，贫困”。]

　　5．[2016·衡水中学预测]The deal, to be completed next week, will allow Charney to make a great ________ (fortunate) in the stock market.

　　答案　fortune　[句意：下个星期将要完成的交易，将使查尼在股票市场挣很大的一笔钱。make a fortune是固定短语，意为“赚大钱”。]

　　6．[2016·冀州中学期末]—The manager of the factory wants to improve ________ (produce) a great deal, but he doesn't spend much on technology.

　　—I am afraid he won't realize his dream. You know you can't eat your cake and have it.

　　答案　production　[句意：——工厂的经理希望大量提高产量，但他并没有在技术上投入很多。——恐怕他不会实现自己的梦想的。要知道不能两者兼得。improve是动词，其宾语应该为名词，production意为“产量；生产”。]

　　7．[2016·衡水中学热身]The ________ (popular) of his books among parents and the recommendation of experts both at home and abroad have quickly made him a celebrity educator.

　　答案　popularity　[句意：他的书深受家长们的欢迎，加上国内外专家的大力推荐，使他很快就成为了一名知名教育家。定冠词the后接名词，故填popularity。]

　　8．[2016·武邑中学月考]After further education in London, his knowledge and ________ (compete) were finally recognized by his employer.

　　答案　competence　[句意：在伦敦深造以后，他的知识和能力最终得到老板的认可。and连接并列成分，knowledge是名词，因此设空处应填名词competence，意为“胜任；能力”。]

　　9．[2016·武邑中学一轮检测]Being creative ________ (look) like a good way to add years to your life.

　　答案　looks　[句意：具有创造性是一个能让你长寿的好方法。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。]

　　10．[2016·冀州中学一轮检测]There ________ (be) no significant difference between a girl and a boy in terms of the structure and function of their brains.

　　答案　is　[句意：就大脑的结构和功能来说，男孩和女孩之间没有明显的区别。there be句型中谓语动词的数跟后面的主语保持一致。本句主语是difference，故谓语用单数。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学预测]—Jeremy Lin works extremely hard.

　　—So he does. He is often seen sweating heavily before his teammate have even arrived at the gym.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　teammate→teammates　[句意：——林书豪非常努力。——是的，他常常是在队友到达体育馆之前就已经满身是汗了。根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应该与主语保持一致，从句谓语动词have为复数形式，其对应的主语也应用复数。故将teammate改为teammates。]

　　2．[2016·衡水中学仿真]I will never sell my furnitures to anyone at any time, whatever he may pay for it.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　furnitures→furniture　[句意：在任何时候我都不会把我的家具卖给任何人，不管他开价多少。furniture是不可数名词，不用复数形式。]

　　3．[2016·冀州中学期中]—I feel terrible. I didn't do well in the math test.

　　—Don't take it too hard. You're already making progresses and will surely learn it well.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　progresses→progress　[句意：——我感觉糟透了，我在数学考试中没考好。——别太看重了，你已经取得了进步，一定会学好的。progress是不可数名词，不用复数形式。]

　　4．[2016·衡水中学模拟]I'm going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandmother.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　live→lives　[句意：我将去上海过暑假，我奶奶住在那里。在where引导的定语从句中，从句中的主语grandmother是单数，且时态是一般现在时，故将live改为lives。]

　　5．[2016·武邑中学仿真]I have a habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　make→makes　[句意：我有喝咖啡的习惯，这让我在不得不熬夜的时候精力充沛。which引导的定语从句修饰前面整个句子，which在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词应用单数，将make改为makes。]

　　强化组A.语篇型语法填空(每空1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·冀州中学猜题]As an old English saying goes, “honesty is the best policy”. It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but__1__ good way to live your life.

　　First, honesty is the __2__ (easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies.

　　Second, honesty gives us much __3__ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people __4__ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are __5__ (true) free.

　　If there were two people __6__ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person __7__ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely __8__ (believe)? I'm sure most people would side with the honest person. __9__ we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is __10__ (you). What will you choose?

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文是一篇议论文，论述了诚实的重要性。

　　1．a　[考查冠词。句意：这不是陈词滥调，而是一种好的生活方式。根据句意可知，此处与上文的an old cliché对应，指一种生活方式。故填a，表示“一种”。]

　　2．easiest　[考查形容词比较等级。根据语境可知，此处指我们作出的最容易的选择，定冠词后常用最高级。故填easiest。]

　　3．freedom　[考查词性转换。句意：第二，诚实给了我们很多的自由。此处需要free的名词形式作give的宾语，故填freedom。]

　　4．will pay　[考查动词时态。根据关键词Sooner or later可知，此处是说那些不诚实的人迟早会为他们的行为付出代价，用一般将来时态。故填will pay。]

　　5．truly　[考查词性转换。修饰形容词应当用副词，故应填true的副词形式truly。]

　　6．standing　[考查非谓语动词。此空作people的后置定语，要用非谓语动词，根据动词与people的逻辑上的主动关系可知，应用现在分词standing。]

　　7．who/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词person，且在从句中作主语，故填who或that。]

　　8．to believe　[考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”，故填不定式to believe。]

　　9．Either　[考查固定结构。根据句中的关键词or以及语境可以断定，此处考查either...or...结构。故填Either。]

　　10．yours　[考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“这是你的选择”。用名词性物主代词作表语，相当于your choice。]

　　B．语篇型短文改错(每处错误1分，共10分，限时8分钟)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　[2016·衡水中学期末]Two years ago, I was in greatly depression. I worked hard at piano learning and devoted all my spare time to practice it. But I failed to pass the B Level Test, that made me quite disappointed. So I turned to my grandpa on advice when I got home. Hearing of what I told him, he smiled, “Test result sometimes cannot show your real ability and level. Thus, my progress should not be judged only by one test. ” He encouraged me to work hard for the next year's B Level Test. I take my grandpa's advice. Now the certificate of the B Level is in front of me, but I've realized that the process of learning is much important.

　　答案　

　　Two years ago, I was in

　　depression. I worked hard at piano learning and devoted all my spare time to

　　it. But I failed to pass the B Level Test,

　　made me quite disappointed. So I turned to my grandpa

　　advice when I got home. Hearing

　　what I told him, he smiled, “Test

　　sometimes cannot show your real ability and level. Thus,

　　progress should not be judged only by one test. ” He encouraged me to work hard for the next year's B Level Test. I

　　my grandpa's advice. Now the certificate of the B Level is in front of me,

　　I've realized that the process of learning is much

　　important.