2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习专题撬分练：专题11 名词性从句（含解析）

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　　基础组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　1．[2016·衡水中学模拟]The Obama government has reformed on tax system. What people doubt is ________ it will do them any good.

　　答案　whether　[句意：奥巴马政府已经启动了税收体系改革。人们所怀疑的是这是否有利于他们。通过分析句子结构可知系动词is后为表语从句。与主语从句中的doubt对应可知人们持怀疑态度，因此用从属连词whether。]

　　2．[2016·冀州中学期中]The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ________ the boy would do.

　　答案　what　[句意：这个新来的男孩看着老师看了几秒钟，其他学生都想知道这个男孩会做什么。wondered后的宾语从句中缺宾语，故用what引导。]

　　3．[2016·衡水中学仿真]The problem is ________ one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.

　　答案　that　[句意：问题是少睡一小时不能等同于额外的一小时的成就。分析句式可知is后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填that。]

　　4．[2016·枣强中学预测]Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.

　　答案　what　[句意：选择正确的词典取决于你用它来做什么。通过分析句式可知短语depend on后为宾语从句，且宾语从句的引导词作介词for的宾语，因此用what。]

　　5．[2016·冀州中学一轮检测]It is generally believed that communication skills are becoming ________ it takes to be a good doctor.

　　答案　what　[句意：通常人们认为沟通技巧正在成为作为一名好医生必备的(技能)了。通过分析句子可知becoming后为表语从句，且从句中的takes缺少宾语。]

　　6．[2016·武邑中学一轮检测]Taking pictures of snow is ________ Ken has spent much of the past years doing.

　　答案　what　[句意：拍雪景是肯在过去的几年中做的事情。分析句子结构可知is后为表语从句，且引导词在从句中作动词doing的宾语，因此用what引导。]

　　7．[2016·武邑中学月考]There have been frequent traffic accidents in China recently, and that is ________ people are concerned.

　　答案　where　[句意：在中国最近不断出现交通事故，这就是人们关注的地方。表语从句中的concerned是不及物动词，引导词在从句中作状语，故用where。]

　　8．[2016·衡水中学热身]The father and his son got lost in the mountain and they had to eat ________ food they could find there.

　　答案　whatever　[句意：这对父子在山里迷路了，不得不吃他们能找到的任何食物。whatever food意为“任何食物”，在从句中作动词find的宾语。]

　　9．[2016·冀州中学期末]—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?

　　—No, that's ________they are mistaken.

　　答案　where　[句意：——中国的母亲们试图帮孩子把一切都做了，你认为这样做明智吗？——不明智，那就是她们的错误所在。空格处的引导词在表语从句中作状语，根据对话的语境可知该从句表达“她们的错误之处”，故用where。]

　　10．[2016·衡水中学预测]It is common belief________teenagers today know much about computers and are familiar with using them in all aspects of life.

　　答案　that　[句意：人们普遍认为，当今的年轻人对电脑十分了解，并熟悉如何在他们生活中的各个方面使用它们。it为形式主语，因主语从句中不缺少成分且语意完整，所以用that引导该从句。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学热身]When you look at how great effects the climate has on our life, you will agree that it is the most serious problem.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　how→what　[句意：当你看到气候对我们的生活有多么大影响时，你会同意它是最严重的问题。通过分析句子结构可知介词at后为宾语从句，且从句主语effects缺少定语，因此用what表示“什么样的”。]

　　2．[2016·衡水中学猜题]That she can't understand is why fewer and fewer people showed interest in helping others.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　That→What　[句意：她不明白为什么越来越少的人对帮助别人感兴趣。从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故用What。]

　　3．[2016·衡水中学一轮检测]If you grow your own vegetables, they are generally fresher than that you buy in the shops.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　that→what/those　[句意：如果你自己种植蔬菜，它们通常会比你在商店买的更新鲜。that you buy in the shops可以理解为宾语从句，从句中that作宾语，故不合适应改为what。也可理解为在those后省略了that/which的定语从句。]

　　4．[2016·冀州中学模拟]He didn't make that clear when and where the meeting would be held.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　that→it　[句意：他没有清楚地表示什么时间和什么地点举行会议。句中make后加上it作形式宾语代替宾语从句when and where the meeting would be held。that不可作形式宾语，故改为it。]

　　5．[2016·衡水二中周测]She has received the offer from you, but I don't know why she will accept it or not.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　why→if/whether　[句意：她已收到了你的报价，但她是否接受我还不得而知。引导宾语从句，根据句意此处表示“是否”，故把why改为if/whether。]

　　能力组A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学仿真]They would appreciate it, to be frank, ________ the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.

　　答案　if　[句意：坦白地说，如果货物能够尽快被运送，他们将会非常感激。would appreciate it if...表示“如果……将不胜感激”，it作形式宾语，if引导的是宾语从句。]

　　2．[2016·衡水二中月考]His favorite food is fried snacks and soft drinks. It is no surprise ________ losing weight is just his dream.

　　答案　that　[句意：他最喜欢的食物是油炸类小吃和软性饮料。毫不奇怪减肥只是他的梦想。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。从句中结构及句意完整，故用that引导。]

　　3．[2016·武邑中学热身]________ he misunderstood my position on the question is obvious from his remarks.

　　答案　That　[________ he misunderstood my position on the question为主语从句，从句中结构及句意完整，故用that引导。]

　　4．[2016·衡水二中期中]Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.

　　答案　whether　[句意：成功部分取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，意为“是否”，故填whether。]

　　5．[2016·枣强中学模拟]Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that's ________ I don't agree.

　　答案　where　[句意：怀特先生反对维修那座旧建筑，而那正是我不同意的地方。设空处引导表语从句，从句中agree是不及物动词，其后不能直接接名词作宾语。故填where在从句中作状语。]

　　6．[2016·衡水二中期末]________ makes the school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.

　　答案　What; that　[句意：让这所学校出名的是有超过90%的学生被大学录取了。“________ makes the school famous”为主语从句。该从句中缺少主语且设空处指“事物”，故第一空答案为What；“________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities”为表语从句，根据句意可知该从句不缺任何成分，故第二空填that。]

　　7．[2016·武邑中学猜题]There are as many as five student clubs in our school. You can join ________ interests you most.

　　答案　whichever　[句意：在我们学校有多达五个学生俱乐部。你可以加入(这五个俱乐部中)最让你感兴趣的那个。“________ interests you most”为宾语从句，该从句缺少主语；题干中已给出范围(as many as five student clubs)，所以用whichever来表示这五个学生俱乐部中的任何一个。]

　　8．[2016·冀州中学仿真]It is obvious ________ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations.

　　答案　what　[句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式主语，“________ the local government can do...”为主语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(do的宾语)，且设空处表示“事物”，所以填what。]

　　9．[2016·武邑中学预测]________ we can have clean drinking water lies in ________ effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.

　　答案　Whether; what　[句意：我们能否喝到干净的饮用水取决于政府会对水污染采取什么样的有效措施。]

　　10．[2016·衡水二中模拟]—Could you give me some advice on getting a job?

　　—First, find out ________ you like doing best.

　　答案　what　[答句句意：首先找出你最喜欢做的事。do缺宾语，故填what。]

　　B．单句改错(每小题1分，共5分，限时3分钟)

　　1．[2016·枣强中学期末]How he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　How→What　[句意：他那个自认为很不错的提议被老板在会上否决了。“How he considered a great proposal”为主语从句，consider在句中的用法是consider＋宾语＋宾语补足语。由此可见该主语从句中缺少宾语(considered的宾语)，又因为此处表示“事物”，故应改为What。]

　　2．[2016·衡水二中仿真]With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick haze, the environmental problem is that Chinese people concern most nowadays.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　that→what　[句意：随着中国许多城市被厚厚的雾霾所笼罩，环境问题成了当今中国人最为关注的问题。“that Chinese people concern most nowadays”为表语从句，该从句缺少宾语(concern的宾语)且此处指“事物”，所以应改为what。]

　　3．[2016·枣强中学期中]The problem is that we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　that→how/whether　[句意：问题是我们如何(是否能)在这么短的时间内提升阅读技能。考查表语从句。根据句意应改为how或whether。]

　　4．[2016·衡水二中热身]—It's my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have?

　　—That you choose is fine with me.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　That→Whatever　[句意：——今天我请客，你有什么特别想吃的吗？——无论你选择什么对我来说都可以。考查主语从句。Whatever you choose无论你选择什么， whatever＝anything that。故改为Whatever。]

　　5．[2016·武邑中学期末]The practical suggestion came from the representatives how the new rule be adopted.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　how→that　[句意：来自代表们的切实可行的建议是：这项新规定应该被采纳。分析句子结构可知此处考查同位语从句，说明suggestion的内容，而该从句意思非常完整，所以要用that引导。]

　　强化组A.语篇型语法填空(每空1.5分，共15分，限时8分钟)

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·衡水二中预测]I gain a lot of rewarding experiences from some social activities. Our local Community Youth Club is a very popular organization with young people in my town. I have been a member for four years now and I've taken part in a lot of interesting projects, __1__ include fun activities such as holiday camps and discos. We have organized sports competitions and we have even made a video.

　　But it isn't all just enjoyment; we have also started doing social work to help people in our neighborhood. We __2__(organize) activities for small children during the holidays. We have also formed a special support group to help young people stop __3__(smoke)．

　　We are particularly proud of the most recent group we have created. It organizes regular visits __4__the local old people's home. My class spent an afternoon at the home and everyone found the visit very rewarding. The old people there were __5__(talk) and they told us their personal stories __6__(cheer). During our visit, the home was filled with __7__(laugh). But we realized that life wasn't always easy. Some of them were in poor health and were very __8__(happy)．

　　Many young people like me do not live with our grandparents and we have little contact with elderly people. As a result, many young people don't know __9__they are like. After this visit, my friends and I decided that we should do __10__to help improve the quality of their lives.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　作者介绍了他所在的一个青年俱乐部以及俱乐部的一些活动。

　　1．which　[考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词projects，在从句中作主语，故填which。]

　　2．have organized　[考查动词时态。根据上下文两句的时态可以判断此句的时态，表示曾经组织过一些活动。]

　　3．smoking　[考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。根据句意可知，此处是指帮助年轻人戒烟。故填smoking。]

　　4．to　[考查介词。名词visit后加to表示“对某地的拜访”。]

　　5．talkative　[考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，此处作表语，用形容词。]

　　6．cheerfully　[考查词性转换。此处用来修饰谓语动词told，表示状态，故应用副词形式。]

　　7．laughter　[考查词性转换。介词后接名词，be filled with laughter意为“充满欢笑”。]

　　8．unhappy　[考查词形转换。根据并列连词and前后意义的一致性可知，空格处应该指“不开心”。故填unhappy。]

　　9．what　[考查名词性从句。________they are like为宾语从句，作know的宾语。what...are like为习惯搭配，意为“是什么样子的”。]

　　10．something　[考查代词。根据语境可知，作者决定他们应该做一些事情去帮助改善老人们的生活。肯定句中用something。]

　　B．语篇型短文改错(每处错误1分，共10分，限时7分钟)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　[2016·枣强中学月考]Nowadays, after­class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. In our school, there are various kinds of activities and we enjoyed them very much. Playing football is my favorite, which do me lots of good, such as building my body and keeping me healthy. Beside, it also frees me from the heavy work of study.

　　Here I have some advices. To students, you'd better to choose the activities which interest you and suit you; to schools, they should organize more activities for students, leave students time for activities by giving them more homework.

　　Dear friends, please actively take part in after­class activities, what will not only make your school life colorfully, but also improve your learning.

　　答案

　　Nowadays, after­class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools. In our school, there are various kinds of activities and we

　　them very much. Playing football is my favorite, which

　　me lots of good, such as building

　　my body and keeping me healthy. ， it also frees me from the heavy work of study.

　　Here I have some . To students, you'd better

　　choose the activities which interest you and suit you; to schools, they should organize more activities for students,

　　students time for activities by giving them

　　homework.

　　Dear friends, please actively take part in after­class activities,

　　will not only make your school life ， but also improve your learning.