2017江苏《夺冠之路》高三英语【牛津译林版】一轮复习精品学案：语法部分 第10讲 非谓语动词

　　第10讲 非谓语动词（要点透析）非谓语动词

　　非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。它们不受主语人称和数的限制，在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。所以，要正确使用非谓语形式，一定要充分理解不同形式所表现的意义，要明确非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是“主动”还是“被动(或状态)”，所表示的动作是“过去”、“现在”还是“将来”，以及和谓语动词所表示的动作是同步发生还是有先后之分。

　　对比项目 动词不定式

　　(to do) 动名词(doing) 现在分词(doing) 过去分词(done)

　　意义 相当于名词、形容词、副词，往往有将来意味 相当于名词，指经常性、习惯性的动作 相当于形容词、副词，往往有现在意味 相当于形容词、副词，本身兼有被动、完成意义

　　充当句子成分 主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语 主语、宾语、表语、定语 表语、宾补、定语、状语 表语、宾补、定语、状语

　　形式 主动一般式

　　to do

　　doing doing done

　　被动式

　　to be done

　　being done being done 无

　　主动完成式

　　to have done

　　having done having done 无

　　被动完成式 to have been done

　　having been done having been done 无

　　否定式 在上述各种非谓语动词形式之前直接加not

　　一、不定式和动名词作主语

　　1. 动名词作主语常用以下句型：It is＋no use/good＋doing sth. 而不定式作主语常用it作形式主语。

　　It was no use sending him to a hospital.

　　It's very hard to learn an art.

　　2. 当动名词带逻辑主语时，只可在其前加上物主代词或名词的所有格，不可以用人称代词主格和宾格，也不可以用名词的普通格。

　　His coming here will be a great help. (不可用He和Him)

　　Jack's suddenly disappearing made them worried. (不可用Jack)

　　3．for/of sb. to do sth.中for或of无意义。如果介词后的名词或代词与其前面的形容词存在逻辑上的主系表关系，则该介词用of，反之，则须用for。

　　在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel，selfish, wicked, wrong等后面，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。

　　I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.

　　It was wise of him to do that.

　　二、不定式和动名词作宾语

　　1. 动名词作宾语时，可以带逻辑主语。此时，带逻辑主语的既可以是物主代词或名词的所有格，也可以是人称代词宾格和名词的普通格。

　　Do you mind my/me reading your paper?

　　She doesn't like Mary /Mary's talking that way.

　　2. 常见的带不定式作宾语的动词如下：(利用口诀进行记忆。事实上，口诀内的动词后跟动词不定式几乎都有将来意味。)

　　想要干 want, wish, hope, expect, seek, attempt, aim, claim, would like/love, desire, swear

　　早打算 plan, prepare, mean, arrange

　　同意否 agree, promise, undertake, offer, choose, refuse, afford

　　问问看 ask, beg, (ask to do 要求做……)

　　决定了 decide, determine, make up one's mind, be determined

　　尽力干 try, manage(反义词fail), struggle, strive

　　努力做 care

　　别装蒜 pretend

　　3. 介词以及少数动词(“动词不定式口诀”以外的动词)和词组后只能用动名词作宾语： admit，dislike，appreciate，avoid，enjoy，bear(忍受)，envy，can‘t help(不禁)，delay，escape, can’t stand(受不了)，deny，excuse(借口)，consider(考虑)，fancy，mind，miss(错过)，mention, finish，pardon，resist，forgive，imagine，risk，practise，suggest(建议)，keep，quit，put off, give up, feel like, be worth, set about, burst out, be/get/become used to(习惯于), look forward to,

　　pay attention to, devote…to, lead to, stick to, get close to, object to, contribute to, get down to, be equal to(能胜任), turn to(求助于)等。

　　I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.

　　He used to be late for work, but now he has been used to getting up early.

　　4. 动词advise/allow/permit/forbid后可跟doing，也可跟sb. to do。

　　You would be well advised to stay indoors.

　　The teacher advised taking a different approach.

　　5. need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语，表示某事需要被做。be worth后须用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。

　　The road is covered with some fallen trees and they need removing/to be removed immediately.

　　6. 有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语有差别，如forget, stop, remember, regret, try, mean, go on, propose等。

　　try to do努力、企图做……

　　try doing试验、试一试某种办法

　　mean to do打算，有意要……

　　mean doing意味着

　　go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情)

　　go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)

　　propose to do 打算(要做某事)

　　propose doing建议(做某事)

　　like /love/hate/ prefer ＋to do 表示具体行为；＋doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念，如果这几个动词前有should/would，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。

　　Don't you remember seeing the man before?

　　You must remember to leave tomorrow.

　　I should like to see him tomorrow.

　　7. 固定句型

　　1)There is no use (good/point/sense/harm)＋doing sth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性)

　　There is no use crying over spilt milk.

　　2)have difficulty /trouble/problem/a hard time/a good time/fun ＋ (in) doing

　　He had a good time in travelling abroad this summer vacation.

　　3)spend/waste/lose time (in) doing sth.

　　They can't lose time playing computer games as usual.

　　4)There is no ＋ doing…“不可能”

　　There is no telling what he is going to do.

　　5)prevent/stop/keep sb./sth. from doing…阻止……做……

　　Nothing can stop him from realizing his dream.

　　【疑难点击】

　　1. do/did/does＋nothing/anything/everything＋but(except)＋动词原形，如果谓语动词不是do/did/does，所跟的不定式须带to。

　　Last night I did nothing but watch TV.

　　The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.

　　2. can not (help/choose) but do，can do nothing but do，have no choice/alternative to do表示“不得不”。

　　When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

　　3. 作动词expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等的宾语时，通常用there to be结构，在mind, object to等后面用there being。作状语多用there being结构。

　　We don't want there to be any comrades lagging behind.

　　I don't mind there being a chair here.

　　There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by myself.

　　4. 为避免重复，在hope, expect, wish, want, like, love, decide, plan, need, mean, forget, refuse, tell, know, have to, be going to, used to, ought to等动词后面再次出现相同的不定式作宾语时，常出现单独使用的to，而把曾出现过的动词省略掉。但是，如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have, have been时，要保留这些词。

　　John didn't pass his driving test, but I expected him to.

　　— Hasn't he finished writing the report?

　　— No, but he ought to have.

　　— Aren't you the headmaster?

　　— No, and I don't want to be.

　　三、不定式、动名词和分词作表语

　　1．不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。

　　What I would suggest is to start work at once.

　　His hobby is collecting stamps.

　　2. 表心理状态的interesting, exciting, delighting, disappointing, encouraging, worrying, puzzling, satisfying, surprising, pleasing等形容词化分词作表语时，表示“令人……的”；interested, excited, delighted, disappointed, encouraged, pleased, puzzled, worried, surprised等表示“感到……”，也可用修饰体现内心感受的look, expression, tears, smile, voice等名词作主语。

　　Travelling is interesting but tiring.

　　The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.

　　3. 除be done外， get, become, look, seem, appear, remain等系动词都可跟done。如remain seated/hidden, get paid/dressed/changed/stuck/hurt/injured/burnt等。

　　What the workers have been told is that they get paid by the hour.

　　四、不定式、动名词和分词作定语

　　1. 不定式作定语时通常后置，即作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。

　　We'd better find some work for the children to do.

　　He is the first one to help me with computer.(名词前有序数词或最高级时用不定式作定语)

　　She bought a bookshelf to put her books on.(不及物动词构成的不定式作定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。)

　　Your ability to analyze the problem really surprised us.

　　动词的－ing形式作定语，表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态，还可表示被修饰词的某种用途。

　　He was an inspiring leader.

　　The boy lying on the ground was a student.

　　过去分词作定语表示已经完成的或表被动的动作。

　　He is an experienced teacher.

　　The book published in March sells well.

　　2．当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义不同。

　　Do you have anything to send?

　　你有什么东西要寄吗？(不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”。)

　　Do you have anything to be sent?

　　你有什么东西要(我或别人)寄吗？(不是主语you寄，是别人寄)

　　3. 一些形容词化的过去分词表示已完成的动作或所处的状态，意为“已经……的”。

　　a fallen leaf落叶(已经落在地上)(a falling leaf 飘零的落叶，尚在空中)

　　a developed country 发达国家(a developing country 发展中国家)

　　a risen sun 升起的太阳(a rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳)

　　boiled water 开水 (boiling water 沸水)

　　a returned student 归国学生

　　a retired worker 退休工人

　　an advanced worker 先进工作者

　　a bent branch 弯曲的树枝

　　determined opposition 强烈的反对

　　a devoted soldier 忠诚的士兵

　　a well－informed professor 见多识广的教授

　　【疑难点击】

　　(1)The man who came this morning is our legal

　　adviser.(√)

　　The man coming this morning is our legal adviser.

　　(×不能用doing表达过去动作)

　　(2)Is there anyone who can answer this question? (√)

　　Is there anyone answering this question?

　　(× 用answering表达can answer的意思是错的)

　　(3)Those who have finished their work can go

　　home now.(√)

　　Those having finished their work can go home now.

　　(×完成式不能作定语)

　　2. drink, learn, sink, light都有两种形式的过去分词，但作定语时，只能用拼写较长的过去分词。

　　a drunken driver 喝醉酒的司机

　　a learned lawyer

　　博学的律师

　　a sunken ship 沉船

　　a lighted candle

　　点着的蜡烛

　　3. 不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。

　　Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon?

　　五、不定式和分词作状语

　　1．动词不定式作状语表示目的、结果、原因等。目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示，但so as to不能置于句首，only to do, so…as to do和such…as to do中的不定式均作结果状语。only to do表示出人意料的结果。

　　She did all she could to save him.

　　They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.

　　In order to pass the exam, he worked hard.

　　He was so angry as to be unable to speak.

　　动词－ing形式一般式(doing)与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时发生或在其后发生；完成式(having done)表示该动作先于谓语动作发生。

　　Hearing the news, they got excited.

　　Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.

　　过去分词和动词－ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，且和句中主语构成逻辑上的主语或动宾关系，否则不能作状语。但独立成分，如Generally speaking, Judging from…等除外。

　　过去分词的一般形式(done)同动词的－ing形式的完成被动式(having been done)均与句中主谓构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。

　　Given(＝Having been given) a wrong number, I couldn't contact him over phone.

　　Being blind, how could they see an elephant?

　　2. 不定式(to do sth.)作目的和结果状语时总是在谓语动词后发生，而分词一般式(doing sth.)作状语时总是与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生。

　　He worked deep into the night, preparing a speech for the president.(worked与preparing同时发生)

　　I got up very early this morning to prepare breakfast for my family.(got up先，prepare breakfast后)

　　【疑难点击】

　　1. too…to do表示肯定的情况

　　①当only too和 all too与动词不定式连用时，表示肯定意义。

　　②too ready (anxious，eager, glad, willing)＋to do，其后的动词不定式具有肯定意义。

　　③never(not)＋too…to…句型为“不会太……所以能……”之意。

　　I'm only too pleased to help you.

　　我很高兴能帮助你。

　　They are all too enthusiastic to take part in the activity.

　　他们都很热心要去参加这项活动。

　　One is never too old to learn.

　　活到老，学到老。

　　She did not get up too late to catch the early bus.

　　她起得早，赶上了早班车。

　　2. devote，absorb，lose，seat，dress，hide等动词作状语和定语时可以用它们的－ed形式(devoted, absorbed，lost，seated，dressed，hidden)或－ing＋oneself形式(devoting/absorbing/losing/seating/dressing/hiding oneself)。

　　Seating himself/Seated/Sitting in the room, he is absorbed in reading.

　　Have you noticed the student losing himself/lost in thought?

　　3. 有些to do 短语，doing短语和done 短语已经当作插入语使用，此时，句子的主语在逻辑上与它们不存在主动或被动关系：

　　①to tell you the truth(实话说)，needless to say(不用说)，to be honest/ frank(老实说，坦白说)，to be more exact(更确切地说)，to make things worse (更糟的是)，not to mention…(更不用说)

　　②generally/frankly/roughly speaking (一般说来/坦白说/粗略地说)，considering…(鉴于/考虑到……)，judging by/from…(从……来看，依据……来判断)，supposing that…(假定……)，providing that…(假定……)，according to…(依据……), including…(包括……)，owing to…(由于……)，talking/speaking of (谈及……)

　　③given…(考虑到……), provided that…(如果……)

　　Generally speaking，the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

　　4. 独立主格结构：n./pron.＋doing/done/to do/adv./adj./prep.短语

　　前后主语不一致时，分词作状语需有自己的逻辑主语，且分词与逻辑主语之间存在着逻辑上的主动或被动关系，此时，视为独立主格结构。若把独立主格结构还原为状语从句，则主句的主语与从句的主语是不同的。

　　It being Sunday, we needn't go to school.

　　→ Because it is Sunday, we needn't go to school.

　　All the work done, you can have a rest.

　　→ If all the work is done, you can have a rest.

　　5. 连词＋分词(短语)

　　有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词。连词有when, while, if, unless, though, after, before, as等。但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。

　　While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.

　　He will not attend the party unless invited.

　　六、不定式和分词作宾语补足语

　　1. like, hate, encourage, wish, warn, tell, want, desire, expect, get, permit, order, allow，invite, force, ask, cause, advise, request, prefer, beg, persuade, teach，lead等动词＋宾语＋to do sth.，宾语与to do 为主动关系。

　　【特别提醒】

　　My father permits me to surf the Internet at the weekend. hope, welcome, agree, suggest, demand不能跟sb. to do

　　2. 感官动词see, observe, hear, notice，watch, feel, look at, listen to＋ 宾语＋do sth.(主动，全过程或经常性动作)

　　doing(主动，正在进行)

　　done(被动，完成)

　　若感官动词在被动语态中，则to 要还原；

　　She saw the old man cross the road.

　　→ The old man was seen to cross the road.

　　The children were last seen playing by the river.

　　We are glad to see our child taken good care of.

　　3. get/send/set ＋宾语＋doing表示“使……起来”，动作由静止到运动并持续下去；get＋宾语＋to do＝let/have sb. do表示“让某人做某事”；get＋宾语＋done＝have sth. done表示“使某事被做”；send＋宾语＋to do表示“派某人去做某事”

　　Finally I got my car running.

　　His words sent me thinking.

　　The teacher often gets us to recite texts.

　　I'd like to get my car cleaned before the New Year.

　　To our surprise, he was sent to work abroad.

　　4. 使役动词make/let＋宾语＋do/done；宾语与do 为主动关系，与done是被动关系；如果make/let在被动语态中，to要还原。

　　I made my little brother cry.

　　→ My little brother was made to cry.

　　I spoke clearly and slowly to make myself heard and understood.

　　5． have表示“有”时，用have＋宾语＋ do，表示“有某事要做(主语本人做)”；用have＋宾语＋to be done，表示“有某事被做(不是主语本人做)”。

　　The teacher often has us debate in class.

　　They had the lights burning while working.

　　Nancy will have her house painted.

　　To his anger, he had his wallet stolen on the bus.

　　I am going to the supermarket and have many things to buy. Do you have anything to be bought?

　　6. keep/leave＋宾语＋doing(主动，且持续进行)/done(被动)

　　Sorry to have kept you waiting for me for such a long time.

　　They went home, leaving much work unfinished.

　　7. want/order/ask/wish ＋宾语＋(to be )done (宾语与done之间为被动关系)

　　The teacher wanted the paper (to be) finished in an hours.

　　老师想让试卷在一个小时内完成。

　　七、with复合结构

　　with复合结构是独立主格结构的一种，常在句中充当状语和定语，是英语中的一种常见结构。它由“with＋宾语＋补语”组成，其中，宾语和宾补之间必须有逻辑一致关系。

　　其结构为：

　　With the children following him, he had to go back to the park.

　　With the work finished, he could go home.

　　With so many books to read, I could not go out.

　　With the weather so hot, they went in to have a rest.

　　With the prices of color TV set down by 50%, the company has a very hard time.

　　His wife came down the stairs, with a book in her hand.

　　The students stood in line with the national flag being raised.

　　第10讲 非谓语动词（考点突破）() 1. I wonder why Ann didn't get ______ the job. She is the right person for it. (2010·福建厦门外国语学校高三模拟)

　　A. to be offered

　　B. to offer

　　C. offering

　　D. offered

　　() 2. — What has made him upset recently?

　　— ______ alone to face a troublesome milk case.(2010·重庆市高三模拟)

　　A. Left

　　B. Being left

　　C. Having left

　　D. To leave

　　【解析】

　　1. D　本题考查get done，相当于be done, offer Ann the job, Ann 和offer 之间是动宾关系，可用be offered或get offered。此处用过去式got offered，否定式为didn't get offered，故选D。

　　2. B　根据句意，他被单独留下，为被动语态；此处用动名词短语回答what 提问。

　　() 3. I thought it a pity ______ him to the tea party.

　　(2010·河南郑州智林学校高三模拟)

　　A. being not invited

　　B. not to have invited

　　C. to not have invited

　　D. not to have been invited

　　() 4. ______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. (2010·浙江舟山市定海区高三模拟)

　　A. Faced

　　B. To face

　　C. Having faced

　　D. Facing

　　【解析】

　　3. B　动词不定式作形式宾语，且不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前，故选B。

　　4. A　根据句意“面对困境，Arnold决定向老板征求建议。”题中“面对、面临”的表达为“be faced with”，故用过去分词faced作状语。

　　() 5. After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ______ in the host family, ______ him cleaning up.(2010·安徽合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)

　　A. remaining; helped

　　B. remaining; helping

　　C. remained; helped

　　D. remained; helping

　　【解析】

　　5. B　本题考查with＋宾语 ＋宾补这一复合结构，宾语two of them与remain 是主谓关系，用 remaining；与help是主谓关系，用现在分词作伴随状语；故选B。

　　() 6. Seeing her mother come back, ______.(2010·天津实验中学高三热身训练)

　　A. tears ran down her cheeks

　　B. her tears ran out

　　C. she burst into tears

　　D. she burst into crying

　　【解析】

　　6. C　本题考查分词的逻辑主语和主句主语一致性的问题。根据句意，逻辑主语为she, 排除A、B; D项短语表达错误，故选C。

　　() 7. ______ how to solve the problem, the little boy turned to his father for help. (2011·湖南长郡中学高三分班考试)

　　A. Not knowing

　　B. Having not known

　　C. Not having been known

　　D. Not known

　　【解析】

　　7. A　主语与know为主谓关系，用know的现在分词形式，排除C、D；分词的否定式在其前面加not，故选A。

　　() 8. My money ______， I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I've none in hand.

　　(2011·甘肃天水市三中高三第一次月考)

　　A. run out

　　B. running out of

　　C. has run out

　　D. to run out

　　() 9. Educators claim that children ______ to English－speaking environment will learn the language more quickly.

　　(2010·上海市奉贤区高三一模)

　　A. being exposed

　　B. to be exposed

　　C. having exposed

　　D. exposed

　　【解析】

　　8. D　本题考查独立主格结构中名词＋不定式，我的钱要用光了，我必须去取。如选A, run为过去分词，该用run out of; B答案中running 改成run即对：句中没有连词；C答案不对。故选D。

　　9. D　be exposed to sth. 为固定词组，此处用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词children。

　　()10. I had never expected ______ such a big audience there.(2011·浙江嘉兴一中高三英语月考)

　　A. it to be

　　B. there being

　　C. there to be

　　D. there to have

　　()11. With the great weight ______ off her mind, she passed the test successfully.(2011·四川成都市三校高三9月联考)

　　A. taking

　　B. taken

　　C. take

　　D. to be taken

　　【解析】

　　10. C　本题考查expect sb. to do sth. 和there be 结构的组合。

　　11. B　本题考查with ＋宾语＋宾补这一复合结构，动词take off 和宾语weight 之间为动宾关系，用过去分词taken，故选B。

　　()12. Twenty－six journalists from 19 media organizations of different countries and regions are the first ones ______ the unrest of “the Red－shirts” in Thailand capital. (2011·湖南岳阳一中高三第一次阶段考试)

　　A. covered

　　B. covers

　　C. to cover

　　D. covering

　　()13. The Spanish football team won the South Africa World Cup on July 13th, ______ it the 8th country to have won the World Cup.(2011·四川绵阳中学高三入学考试)

　　A. made

　　B. making

　　C. to make

　　D. to have made

　　【解析】

　　12. C　本题考查固定用法，

　　the first/second/…/last/next/best＋名词，后面跟动词不定式作后置定语，被修饰的名词和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

　　13. B　现在分词作结果状语。

　　()14. Not far from the club, there is a garden, its owner ______ in it ______ bridge with his children every afternoon.(2010·江苏建湖第二中学高三模拟)

　　A. seated; plays

　　B. seats; plays

　　C. seated; playing

　　D. seats; playing

　　()15. In the years ______， the city government will take effective measures to bring the price of the house under control. (2010·江苏宿迁市高三第一次模拟)

　　A. following

　　B. followed

　　C. follow

　　D. to follow

　　【解析】

　　14. C　be seated 意为“就座”，此处为名词加过去分词构成独立主格结构； 动词play和其逻辑主语 its owner为主谓关系，构成独立主格结构，故选C。

　　15. D　不定式to follow作后置定语，表示将来的动作。

　　()16. Easter Island, which was almost uninhabited when it was discovered on Easter Day in 1722 by a Dutch captain, is covered with hundreds of giant statues, each ______ several tons. (2010·江苏扬州中学高三模拟)

　　A. weighing

　　B. weighs

　　C. weighed

　　D. to weigh

　　【解析】

　　16. A　逻辑主语each 和weigh 为主谓关系，故用weighing构成独立主格结构。

　　()17. Though a typhoon is on the way, people are still looking forward ______ the outdoor concert by the pop singer.

　　(2011·江苏白塔中学高三9月月考)

　　A. to canceling

　　B. not to canceling

　　C. not to cancel

　　D. to not canceling

　　【解析】

　　17. D　look forward to doing，其中动名词doing的否定式是在其前加not，故选D。

　　()18. The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed ______ for it pretty well. (2010·江苏扬州市高三四模)

　　A. to prepare

　　B. to have prepared

　　C. having prepared

　　D. to be preparing

　　【解析】

　　18. B　由seem to do sth. 排除C，从句意看，她已经做好准备，用动词不定式的完成式，故选B。

　　()19. After ______ for the job, I was required by the interviewers ______ a language test.

　　(2010·江苏淮安市高三5月调研)

　　A. being interviewed; to take

　　B. interviewed; being taken

　　C. interviewing; to be taking

　　D. having interviewed; taking

　　()20. ______ from media reports, the result has been unclear. (2011·江苏白塔中学高三9月月考)

　　A. To judge

　　B. Having judged

　　C. Judging

　　D. Judged

　　【解析】

　　19. A　interview和I之间为动宾关系，after后应用动名词形式，因此此处应用动名词的被动形式，故选A。

　　20. C　judging from…在句中作状语，是固定用法。

　　()21. The great hall was crowded with many people, ______ many children ______ on their parents' laps.

　　A. including; seated

　　B. including; seating

　　C. included; sat

　　D. included; sitting

　　【解析】

　　　21. A　including为介词；由seat的用法可知，此处应用其过去分词形式。

　　()22. ______ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.

　　A. Being no rain

　　B. There was no rain

　　C. To be no rain

　　D. There being no rain

　　【解析】

　　22. D　There being no rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。

　　()23. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire－stricken areas moved out______.

　　A. to escape burning　

　　B. to escape being burned

　　C. escaping burned　

　　D. escaping from burning

　　【解析】

　　23. B　不定式作目的状语。escape 意为“逃脱”，不接不定式，而常接－ing形式作宾语。

　　()24. Taking this medicine, if ______， will of course do good to his health.

　　A. continued　

　　B. to continue

　　C. continues　

　　D. continuing

　　()25. The little boy still needs the ______ 20 dollars to do with some things ______.

　　A. remaining; remained to be settled

　　B. remaining; remaining to be settled

　　C. remained; remained to settle

　　D. remained; remaining to settle

　　【解析】

　　24. A　if continued 是“if taking this medicine is continued”的省略形式。

　　25. B　第一个remaining用作形容词，作“剩下的”解；第二个remaining to be settled 是－ing形式短语作定语。。

　　()26. — What caused the party to be put off?

　　— ______ the invitations.

　　A. Tom delayed sending

　　B. Tom's delaying sending

　　C. Tom delaying to send

　　D. Tom delayed to send

　　()27. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but ______ the flowing of the smog around me.

　　A. enjoy

　　B. enjoying

　　C. enjoyed

　　D. to enjoy

　　【解析】

　　26. B　Tom's delaying sending是－ing形式的复合结构可代替what在句中作主语。

　　27. A　but用作“除了”解，当其前含有实义动词do时， 则but后的不定式短语要省去to。

　　()28. — Is Tom a good talker?

　　— No, he never speaks to me other than ______ something.

　　A. ask for

　　B. to ask for

　　C. asked for

　　D. asking for

　　()29. I can't get my car ______ on cold mornings, so I have to try ______ the radiator with some hot water.

　　A. run; to fill

　　B. running; filling

　　C. running; to fill

　　D. ran; filling

　　【解析】

　　28. C　other than asked for something相当于unless he is asked for something。

　　29. B　get my car running意为“使我的车发动起来”；try doing表示“试一试做某事的办法”；try to do意为“努力去做某事”。

　　()30. The drunk husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls ______ in all directions before he was sent ______ by his wife.

　　A. flying; to sleep

　　B. flying; sleeping

　　C. to fly; to sleeping

　　D. to fly; to sleep

　　【解析】

　　30. A　send sb.

　　/ sth. doing意为“使……快速移动”；send sb. to sleep意为“使某人入睡”，其中to 为介词，sleep为名词。