师说系列2017届高考英语一轮复习讲义：6.2Poems（人教版）

　　THANKS Unit 2　Poems 教 材 面 面 观

　　单词拓展1.________vt.传送；运送　________n．搬运者；传送者；输送机　________n．运送；搬送；传达

　　2．________adj.具体的　________n．具体；有形

　　3．________adj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的　________n．灵活性；柔韧性　________adv.柔韧地；灵活地

　　4．________adj.含盐的；咸的　________ n．盐

　　5．________adj.无穷的；无止境的　________v. & n．结束；终止　________n．无穷；无止境

　　6．________n．翻译；译文　________vt.翻译

　　7．________adv.最后；终于　________adj.最后的；结局的　________n．不测事件

　　8．________vi. & vt.转化；转换；改造；变换　________n．变化；变形；转变　________n．促使变化的人或物；变压器；变换器

　　9．______n．悲伤；悲痛；懊悔　________adj.伤心的；悲痛的

　　10．________adj.适当的；正当的　________adv.适当地　________n．拨款；占用；挪用

　　11．________n．交换；交流；互换　vt. & vi.调换；变换　________adj.可变换的；可兑换的

　　12．______n．赞助人；主办者；倡议者　vt.发起；举办；倡议

　　________n．发起；主办；倡议

　　13．________n．新娘　________n．新郎

　　14．________n．奖学金；学问；学术成就

　　15．________n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)　________v．卸货；卸载短语回顾1.run________of　用完

　　2．be________into

　　被译成

　　3．be________to do...

　　有可能做……

　　4．let________

　　泄露；发出；放走

　　5．be popular________

　　受欢迎的

　　6．take it________

　　轻松；不紧张

　　7．make________of

　　构成

　　8．hold________

　　别挂断；继续；坚持；保持

　　9．try________

　　试验；考验

　　10．stay________

　　熬夜

　　句型背诵1.There are many reasons________people...

　　人们有许多原因……

　　2．Some rhyme(like B)________others do not(like C)．

　　有些清单诗有韵脚(如 B)，但有一些没有(如 C)。

　　3．If we________ ________up so late the night before...

　　如果前天晚上我们没有睡这么晚……

　　4．Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way ________ will give the reader a strong impression.

　　有些诗以给读者留下深刻印象的方式讲故事或描述事物。

　　5．And said ________ strange they all were true.

　　而且他说虽然这些离奇，但却真实。

　　6．________ so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.

　　有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。

　　自我诊断

　　单词拓展

　　1．convey；conveyer；conveyance　2.concrete；concreteness　3.flexible；flexibility；flexibly　4.salty；salt　5.endless；end；endlessness　6.translation；translate　7.eventually；eventual；eventuality　8.transform；transformation；transformer　9.sorrow；sorrowful　10.appropriate；appropriately；appropriation　11.exchange；exchangeable　12.sponsor；sponsorship　13.bride；bridegroom　14.scholarship　15.load；unload

　　短语回顾

　　1．out　2.translated　3.likely　4.out　5.with　6.easy

　　7．up　8.on　9.out　10.up

　　句型背诵

　　1．why　2.while　3.hadn't stayed　4.that　5.though　6.With

　　考 点 串 串 讲

　　重点单词1.aspect n．(问题的)方面；样子；外表

　　I am a beginner in this aspect.

　　在这方面，我是一个生手。

　　The house has a southern aspect.

　　这所房子朝南。

　　He is man of enormous size and terrifying aspect.

　　他是一个面目狰狞的彪形大汉。

　　●归纳延伸

　　of pleasing aspect令人喜爱的模样的

　　only one aspect of the problem只是问题的一个方面

　　consider other aspects of the matter考虑事情的其他方面

　　in every aspect/in all aspects在各个方面

　　即境活用完成句子

　　①______________(从法律的观点看), you made a big mistake.

　　②You can see__________________(全区的面貌)from the tower.

　　③In spring the yard has a ________________(清新的景象)．

　　2．common adj.常见的；普通的 n．共同；共有；公用

　　We have much in common.

　　我们有很多相似之处。

　　We work for the common good.

　　我们为了公共利益而工作。

　　●用法拓展

　　common knowledge众所周知的事

　　common sense常识

　　common practice惯例

　　have sth. in common有共同之处

　　in common共有；共用

　　●易混辨析

　　normal，ordinary，common与usual

　　normal指“正常的”、“正规的”、“常态的”。如：

　　the normal temperature of the human body人的正常体温

　　ordinary指“平常的”、“普通的”，强调“平常的”、“平淡无奇的”。如：

　　an ordinary day's work日常工作

　　common强调“常见的”、“不足为奇的”。如：

　　Colds are common in winter.

　　感冒在冬天很常见。

　　usual adj.平常的；通常的；惯常的＝normal，happening often

　　即境活用

　　用normal，ordinary，common或usual填空

　　①这些鸟在这儿很常见。

　　The birds are very________here.

　　②你准备按往常的时间回家吗？

　　Are you coming home at the________time?

　　③他是个个子矮小，相貌普通的人。

　　He is a little man with________looking.

　　④他感冒了，比正常体温高两度。

　　He is having a cold.He is 2 degrees above________.

　　3．appropriate adj.适合的；正当的

　　Sports clothes are of course not appropriate for such a political conference.

　　运动服当然不适合这样一个政治会议场合。

　　Which one is more appropriate to the occasion，this one or that one?

　　哪个更适合这种场合，这个还是那个？

　　●用法拓展

　　appropriate v.

　　(1)拨出，拨给

　　The government appropriated a large sum of money of building hospital.

　　政府拨了一大笔钱用来建造医院。

　　(2)侵吞；盗用；挪用

　　The mayor was found to have appropriated government money.

　　市长被查出挪用了公款。即境活用完成句子

　　①A million yuan________(已经拨出)for a new bridge.

　　②We'd better choose an________(合适的)time for our picnic.

　　③He_____(占用)my desk without my permission this morning.

　　4．transform vt.&vi.转化；转换；改造；变换

　　Ten years of hard work transformed Mathilde completely into an ordinary housewife.

　　十年的艰辛劳动彻底把玛蒂尔德变成了一个普通家庭妇女。

　　Their efforts have transformed the bald hill into one covered with green trees all over.

　　他们的努力使这光秃秃的山头变得绿树葱葱。

　　●用法拓展

　　transform sb./sth. into...把某人/物改变成……

　　transform sb./sth. from...把某人/物从……中转变

　　transform sth./sb.(from sth.)(into sth.)完全改变……的外观或特性

　　transformation n．变形；变化

　　change/turn sth. into...把某物变成……

　　A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.

　　房间重新粉刷一遍可大为改观。

　　She used to be terribly shy，but a year abroad has completely transformed her.

　　她过去十分腼腆，但在国外待了一年以后完全变了。

　　The distress transformed his character.

　　那次悲痛改变了他的性格。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①—Mr.Smith is no longer the man who he used to be.

　　—So he is.Success and wealth have________his character.

　　A．trained　B．translated

　　C．transported

　　D．transformed

　　②Great changes have taken place in the country in the past 20 years，which has caused it to________from a backward agricultural country into a modern one.

　　A．convey

　　B．translate

　　C．transport

　　D．transform

　　5．load n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)

　　His family is really a heavy load on his shoulder.

　　他的家庭的确是个重担。

　　●用法拓展

　　carry a heavy load负重载

　　take a load off one's mind打消某人的顾虑

　　load v．装载；加重；把弹药装入(枪炮)

　　load up装载货物(于)

　　load sb./sth. with sth.用……装载……

　　load sth. into/onto sb./sth.把……装入(倒)……

　　与load有关的合成词：

　　overload(使)超载；unload卸货，卸载；退了弹；download下载(计算机用语)；upload上传(计算机用语)；autoload自动加载；carload车载量；workload工作量

　　The boat is still loading.

　　船仍在装卸。

　　Because his car overloaded，he was stopped by a policeman.

　　他的车因为超载被警察拦住了。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①When I heard they'd arrived safely，there was a great________off my mind.

　　A．weight

　　B．pressure

　　C．responsibility

　　D．load

　　②As soon as the apples were________，they________onto the trucks and carried away.

　　A．picked up；were loaded

　　B．picked；loaded

　　C．picked out；loaded

　　D．picked；were loaded

　　6．convey vt.传达；运送

　　●用法拓展

　　convey sth. to sb.向某人传达某事

　　convey sb./sth. from A to B把某人/某物从A运到B

　　convey one's feelings/meanings表达某人的感情/思想

　　●易混辨析

　　convey，transport与transmit

　　①convey表示传达、传送，常指通过媒介传递、输送，也常用来表示交流、使知道、传达(信息、情感)等。

　　Please convey my best wishes to her.

　　请代我向她表示最好的祝愿。

　　②transport主要限于人或有形物体的、往往是长距离的运输，常指交通运输。

　　The transport of goods by air is very expensive.

　　货物空运是非常昂贵的。

　　③transmit指发送或传播某物，特别是信号的传送、疾病的传播。

　　They are trying to find a better way of transmitting energy.

　　他们正试图寻找一种更好的输能方法。即境活用单项填空

　　①I can express myself fluently and________my opinions clearly to the audience.

　　A．conduct

　　B．consume

　　C．convince

　　D．convey

　　②The truck________large quantities of fresh seafood from Xiamen to our city every day during the Spring Festival because they are badly needed.

　　A．conveyed

　　B．contributed

　　C．transmitted

　　D．transformed

　　答案：①D　句意为：我能流利地表达并且清楚地把自己的观点传达给听众。conduct“引导，指挥”；consume“消耗，消费”；convince“说服，使……相信”；convey“传达，运输”。

　　②A　句意为：春节期间，这辆卡车每天从厦门运送大量的海鲜到我们市，因为人们急需海鲜。convey“运送，载送”；transform“转换，改变”；transmit“传播”；contribute“有助于，捐助”。

　　7．exchange n. & v. 交易；交换；调换

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)exchange sth. for sth.用……来交换……

　　(2)exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物

　　(3)in exchange for交换

　　①He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.

　　他给我一个苹果，换得我一块蛋糕。

　　②The two teams exchanged presents before the game.

　　两队在开赛前交换礼品。

　　③Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?

　　我到哪儿将美元兑换成英镑？

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①We will have an opportunity to ________ views tomorrow.

　　A．exchange　 B．tease

　　C．transform

　　D．transfer

　　②The Taliban rebels have demanded eight Taliban prisoners be released ________ eight South Korean hostages.

　　A．in terms of

　　B．in place of

　　C．in exchange for

　　D．in want of

　　重点短语

　　1.take it easy从容；不紧张；轻松；别着急

　　There's nothing serious；you can take it easy.

　　没什么严重的事，你不用紧张。

　　Take it easy，the roads are icy.

　　路滑，慢慢地别着急。

　　Now it's no use getting fussed.Tom，take it easy.

　　汤姆，不要过于紧张，现在着急是没用的。

　　●用法拓展

　　take it easy＝be calm or don't worry＝take things easy

　　take part in参加

　　take place发生

　　take on开始雇用；接任

　　take up开始从事；着手处理；占据

　　take one's time不慌不忙；慢慢来即境活用单项填空

　　①—I feel nervous before the exam.

　　—________.It won't be too difficult for you to pass.

　　A．Take it easily

　　B．Take things easy

　　C．Take your time

　　D．Take things easily

　　②________，there's enough time for you to get prepared before the trip.

　　A．Take it easy

　　B．Take your time

　　C．Take thing easy

　　D．Use your time

　　③—I'm going to have a driving test tomorrow and I don't know if I can pass it.

　　—________.

　　A．Take your time

　　B．Never mind

　　C．Take it easy

　　D．Don't mention it

　　2．run out of用完，用尽(主语是人)；从……跑出去

　　●用法拓展

　　run out(某物)耗尽(主语是物)

　　run across偶然碰见

　　run after追赶，追逐

　　run into撞到……上；碰到；遇上；跑进

　　run for竞选

　　in the long/short run从长远/短期来看(run为名词)

　　●易混辨析

　　run out，run out of，give out与use up

　　①run out是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，相当于give out。

　　Time is running out for the trapped miners.

　　被困矿工的时间不多了。

　　②run out of是及物动词短语，通常以人作主语，相当于use up，表示“用完，用尽”。

　　We ran out of fuel.

　　我们把燃料用光了。

　　③give out也可表示人的力气“用完”或人“筋疲力尽”；还表示“发出，分发，宣布”等。

　　My money began to give out.

　　我的钱快要用光了。

　　④use up是及物动词短语，表示“用完，用尽”，相当于run out of。

　　Making soup is a good way of using up left over vegetables.

　　把剩下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①Having walked in the desert for several days，we had to find a pool before the water we had in the bottle________.

　　A．ran out of

　　B．ran away

　　C．ran out

　　D．ran off

　　②Time________，so the students of Senior Three in our province are busy preparing for the coming college entrance examination.

　　A．has run out

　　B．is running out

　　C．has been run out

　　D．is being run out

　　答案：①C　句中the water是从句的主语，因此ran out正确，表示“用完，耗尽”；ran out of的主语应是人。

　　②B　句意为：时间在流逝，所以我们省的高三学生在忙于准备高考。A项意为“已经用完”，不符合题意；B项用进行时表将来，“快用完”，符合题意；run out是不及物动词词组，无被动，故C、D两项错误。

　　3．be made up of由……组成/构成，相当于consist of

　　●用法拓展

　　make up组成，构成；编造；化妆；铺床；和解

　　make up for弥补；补偿

　　make out辨认出，弄明白

　　be made from用……制成(化学变化，看不出原材料)

　　be made of用……制成(物理变化，看得出原材料)

　　make it获得成功；准时到达

　　make use of/make the most of利用

　　make up one's mind下决心

　　make for向……移动

　　make...out of用……制造

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①Yesterday they had a quarrel and broke up with each other，but now they have________.

　　A．turned up

　　B．put up

　　C．made up

　　D．shown up

　　②If babies put on very little weight at first，eventually they will gain rapidly to________it.

　　A．make out of

　　B．make up for

　　C．make sure of

　　D．make the best of

　　答案：①C　turn up“出现 ，调大(音量)”；put up“穿上”；make up“编造，弥补；与某人和解或和好”；show up“到来；出现；使……显现出来”。句意为：昨天他们吵了架并且不理对方了，但现在他们和好了。

　　②B　句意为：如果刚开始小孩体重增加不明显的话，最终体重会快速增加以补足前面的欠缺。make...out of用……制造；make up for补偿；make sure of确信，弄清楚；make the best of充分利用，尽力而为。

　　4．try out 测试；试验，考验

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)try one's best努力；尽最大能力，尽量

　　(2)try doing尝试做……

　　(3)try to do努力/企图/试图做……

　　(4)try on试穿衣服；试试看

　　(5)have a try试试看，尝试一下

　　The idea sounds fine, but we need to try it out in practice.

　　这个主意听起来不错，但我们要在实践中实验一下。

　　We tried growing all our own vegetables, but found it was impossible to grow enough for the family.

　　我们试验过蔬菜自种自吃，但发现要满足全家的需要是不可能的。

　　The two sides are still trying to reach an agreement.

　　双方仍在试图达成一项协议。即境活用单项填空

　　If you like, you may ________ the dress before buying it.

　　A．try on　B．try out

　　C．put on

　　D．wear

　　5．let out发出(声音)；泄露(秘密)；使(人)从……放出；释放；放宽(衣服)；出租

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)let alone更不必说

　　(2)let sb./sth. alone不管，不干涉；置之不理

　　(3)let sb. be不干涉；不打扰

　　(4)let down放下，放低；(使人)失望

　　(5)let in允许进入；容许；许可

　　He let out a cry of pain.

　　他大声喊疼。

　　Jack's put on so much weight that I've had to let out all his trousers.

　　杰克长胖了许多，我不得不把他所有裤子都放大。

　　He accidentally let out that he hadn't been home for three weeks.

　　他无意中泄露他已经三个星期没回家了。

　　The baby can't even walk, let alone run.

　　这婴儿连路都不会走，更谈不上跑了。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①On seeing the wonderful sculpture, everyone present ________ a cry of surprise.

　　A．let out　B．gave away

　　C．brought in

　　D．made up

　　②Don't ________ the plan to the press.

　　A．bring out

　　B．make out

　　C．let out

　　D．throw out

　　答案：①From legal aspect　②the aspect of the whole area

　　③freshening aspect　

　　答案：①common　②usual　③ordinary　④normal

　　答案：①has been appropriated

　　②appropriate　③appropriated　

　　答案：①D　②D　

　　答案：①D　②A　

　　答案：①A　②C　

　　答案：①B　②A　③C　

　　答案：A　

　　重点句式

　　1.If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.

　　如果她学习再努力些，她就能拿到毕业证了。

　　if虚拟条件句。

　　虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法：if条件从句 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式

　　表示现在情况 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形

　　表示过去情况 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词

　　表示未来情况 should＋动词原形should/would/could/might＋动词原形 动词过去式

　　were to＋动词原形

　　If you took the bus, you would not be late for the film.

　　如果你坐这班公共汽车，你看电影就不会迟到了。

　　If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match.

　　如果杰克进了那个球，我们就会赢得这场足球赛了。

　　If I were you, I would go to bed early tonight.

　　如果我是你，我今天晚上就会早点睡觉。

　　If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out.

　　如果明天下雨，他们就不会出去。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　If you________ yesterday, you _______ with your mother now.

　　A．set off; would talk

　　B．had set off; would be talking

　　C．set off; would have talked

　　D．had set off; would talk

　　2．There are various reasons why people write poetry.

　　人们写诗有各种各样的理由。

　　reason why...中reason的意思是“原因，理由”，后接定语从句时，常用why，that和which引导；后接同位语从句时，要用that引导，是对reason的内容进行说明或解释，要注意它们所用的场合。它也常构成“The reason why...is that...”句型。如：

　　The reason why he was absent from the party was that he had to write the graduation paper.

　　他没有参加宴会的原因是他必须写一篇毕业论文。

　　The reason that/which you've given sounds reasonable.

　　你给出的理由听起来合情合理。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①Today he gave a new reason________he was late for the meeting, ________was obviously made up.

　　A．that；which

　　B．which；which

　　C．why；which

　　D．why；that

　　②The reason________we have to put off the sports meeting is ________it's going to rain tomorrow.

　　A．why；because

　　B．that；because

　　C．why；that

　　D．that；that

　　3．And said though strange they all were true.

　　而且他说虽然这些离奇，但却真实。

　　though strange是让步状语从句的省略，补充完整是though they were strange，though是从属连词，当从句的主语与主句的主语相一致，并且从句的谓语动词是be时，常常省略从句主语和be。

　　Though tired，she still kept on running.

　　尽管很疲劳，但她继续跑。

　　Though not large，the room was well lit.

　　这个房间虽然不大，但是采光很好。

　　●易混辨析

　　though和although

　　在用作从属连词表示让步意义时，它们的语义是相同的，只是although语气更强一些，而though更普遍些。它们的区别在于：

　　though能用来构成特殊语序的让步状语从句，而although不能。

　　though可用作并列连词，表示and，but，yet，however等含义，而although不能。

　　though可用作副词，放在句末，前面一般用逗号隔开，而although没有这个用法。

　　though可以用even修饰，构成even though(即使，尽管，虽然)，而although不能用even修饰。

　　Rich though he is，he is not happy.

　　虽然他很富有，但是他并不幸福。

　　I caught a cold，nothing serious，though.

　　我感冒了，但并不严重。

　　She wore a fur coat，even though it was a very hot day.

　　虽然天气很热，但她却穿着一件皮大衣。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　Though we don't know what discussed，yet we can feel the topic________.

　　A．had changed

　　B．will change

　　C．was changed

　　D．has been changed

　　4．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.

　　有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。

　　with so many different forms of poetry to choose from被称为“with复合结构”，在句中多作状语和定语。如：

　　With the guide leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the village.

　　有向导引路，我们毫不费劲地找到了那个村庄。(原因状语)

　　●用法拓展

　　“with复合结构”在句中多作状语和定语，主要有下列七种具体形式：

　　(1)with＋n./pron.＋形容词。

　　(2)with＋n./pron.＋副词。

　　(3)with＋n./pron.＋现在分词。

　　(4)with＋n./pron.＋过去分词。

　　(5)with＋n./pron.＋动词不定式。

　　(6)with＋n./pron.＋介词短语。

　　(7)with＋n./pron.＋名词。

　　In summer, she usually sleeps with the windows open.

　　夏天，她通常开着窗子睡觉。(伴随状语)

　　The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.

　　华灯初上，广场显得更加美丽。(原因状语)

　　With his hair cut, he looked much younger.

　　理了头发，他显得年轻多了。(原因状语)

　　With a lot of homework to do, I can't go skating with you.

　　因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰。(原因状语)

　　She stood at the door, with her back towards us.

　　她站在门口，背对着我们。(方式状语)

　　He was deep in thought, with his head in his hands.

　　他两手捧着头，陷入沉思。(伴随状语)

　　Do you know the lady with a baby in her arms?

　　你认识那个抱小孩的女士吗？(定语)

　　She died with her son yet a baby.

　　当她去世时，儿子还在襁褓之中。(伴随状语)

　　They climbed the mountain with a local hunter their guide.

　　有当地猎人作向导，他们爬上了山顶。(伴随状语)

　　知 能 层 层 练

　　一、单项填空

　　1．____unexpected heavy rain usually causes____great damage.

　　A．The；the　B．An；/

　　C．An；the

　　D．The；a

　　2．Is this reason________you explained at the meeting for not arriving on time?

　　A．the one

　　B．/

　　C．why

　　D．the one how

　　3．He is giving her French lessons in________for her teaching him English.

　　A．place

　　B．turn

　　C．exchange

　　D．change

　　4．Making a speech like that is not________for him as a teacher.

　　A．suitable

　　B．fit

　　C．appropriate

　　D．correct

　　5．After many years' attempts，China________managed to send the first man to have a space walk with Shenzhou­7 spacecraft in September 2008.

　　A．awfully

　　B．eventually

　　C．lately

　　D．actually

　　6．I was so excited at the news that I could hardly________my feelings in words.

　　A．carry

　　B．convey

　　C．survey

　　D．communicate

　　7．When I get puzzled about some difficult problems，my teacher always encourages me and says，“Take it________.”

　　A．for granted

　　B．serious

　　C．simple

　　D．easy

　　8．It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldn't________all the Bob had suffered in the past five years.

　　A．make up for

　　B．look up to

　　C．put up with

　　D．fit in with

　　答案：①A　②C　

　　答案：B　

　　答案：①C　②C　

　　答案：D　the topic和change之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故需用被动语态，又因为强调对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时态。

　　答案：B

　　解析：rain前面有形容词修饰且表示泛指，所以要用不定冠词；damage作“损失”讲时为不可数名词。

　　答案：A

　　解析：this reason是主语，the one是表语，you explained...是定语从句，本题中主句缺少表语成分，同时作表语的词the one又充当定语从句的先行词。

　　答案：C

　　解析：他教她法语的目的是为了她教他英语，in exchange for“为了交换……”。

　　答案：C

　　解析：appropriate“合适的”。suitable“合适的”，常用于指衣服的颜色、款式等合适；fit常指衣服的大小合适、鞋子的大小合脚；correct“正确的”，相对于wrong而言的。

　　答案：B

　　解析：eventually意为“最后”，相当于at last，符合题意。awfully“可怕地”；lately“最近；近来”；actually“事实上”。

　　答案：B

　　解析：convey one's feelings“表达感情”。

　　答案：D

　　解析：take it easy指人的精神或情绪上的放松，意为“别紧张；放松”。take...for granted“认为……是理所当然的”；take sth.serious“认真对待某事”；take不与simple搭配。

　　9．I________ you a valuable present for your birthday，but I________money.

　　A．would have liked to give；ran out of

　　B．would like to have given；ran out of

　　C．would like to give；was run out of

　　D．would like to give；ran out

　　10．—How can I thank you?

　　—Don't mention it.Any other man in that case________the same thing.

　　A．would have done

　　B．could do

　　C．must do

　　D．should have done

　　二、用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1．If you ________(attend) the meeting yesterday, you might have met him.

　　2．But for his help, we ________(not finish) the work so soon.

　　3．I am so regretful that I wish I ________(not tell) him the bad news yesterday.

　　4．He lay on the grass with his eyes ________(look) at the sky.

　　5．By ________(use)gesture we can make ourselves understood.

　　三、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。(每空一词)

　　1．女人们喜欢购物有各种各样的理由。

　　There are various reasons ________ women like to go shopping.

　　2．如果我死死地盯住球，我们就能得冠军。

　　If I hadn't ________ ________ ________ ________ the ball, we would have won the match.

　　3．Haiku是一种由17个音节组成的日本诗歌形式。

　　Haiku is a form of Japanese poetry that ________ ________ ________ ________ 17 syllables.

　　4．小偷被带进来，双手反绑在背后。

　　The thief was brought in, ________ ________ ________ ________ behind his back.

　　四、选用合适的短语并用其适当形式填空

　　1．run out, run out of, use up

　　①We'd better buy some salt before we ________ it ________.

　　②If we keep using water like this, we'll soon ________ ________ ________ it.

　　③I have to withdraw some money from the bank before our money ________ ________.

　　2．take it easy, take one's time

　　①Before the examination, our teacher told us to ________ ________ ________ and have a good rest.

　　②Since we have a lot of time left, we needn't hurry. Let's ________ ________ ________.

　　3．let down, let alone, let out

　　①As a student, we should work hard and not ________ our parents ________.

　　②He can't speak his own native language well, ________ ________ English.

　　③I promise to keep it secret and never ________ it ________.

　　语 法 路 路 通

　　高考语法专题十一　定语从句

　　知识清单一、定语从句的关系词

　　1．常用的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as等，其中who常指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whom也指人，在从句中作宾语；whose可指人或物，作定语；which一般指物，作主语、宾语或定语；that可指人或物，作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语或表语时可以省略；as可指人或物，用于the same as, such as或as...as...等结构；“介词＋关系代词”中介词要根据相关的搭配确定。

　　2．常用的关系副词有where, when, why, that等，在定语从句中作状语，相当于“介词＋关系代词”，介词要依据动词的搭配使用。

　　二、that和which引导定语从句的用法比较

　　只用which引导定语从句的情况：

　　3．引导非限制性定语从句时。

　　4．关系代词前有介词时。

　　5．先行词后面有插入语时。

　　6．一个句子中有两个定语从句，一个已用that引导时。

　　7．先行词本身就是that时。

　　只用that引导定语从句的情况：

　　8．当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, all, much, little, few等不定代词时。

　　9．先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。

　　10．先行词被the only, the very, the just, the right, all, no, some, any, just等词修饰时。

　　11．先行词既有人又有物时。

　　12．当主句是who/which提出的特殊疑问句时。

　　13．有两个定语从句，其中一个已用which修饰时。

　　三、非限制性定语从句的用法

　　14．引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who, (of) whom, (of) which, as, whose等。关系代词that，关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

　　15．关系代词指代整个主句时，用非限制性定语从句。

　　16．当出现some/many/(a)few/little/two of which/whom等结构时，常用非限制性定语从句。

　　17．as引导的非限制性定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾；但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾。

　　四、the same...as/that...，such...as/that...的用法辨析

　　18．the same...as...引导的定语从句侧重相似性，意为“如同……一样”。

　　19．the same...that...引导的定语从句侧重指同一个对象。

　　20．such...as...中as引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语等。

　　21．such...that...中that引导的是结果状语从句。

　　五、whose在定语从句中的用法

　　22．whose在定语从句中作定语，一般不能单独使用，要和名词一起在句中作主语或宾语，可以指人也可指物。“whose＋名词”可以换成“the＋名词＋of which/whom”结构。

　　注意：

　　whose后接名词时，名词前通常不加冠词；但是在of whom/which结构中，名词前要有定冠词the。

　　六、when, where, why引导的定语从句和名词性从句的用法比较

　　23．when, where和why引导定语从句在从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语，通常修饰表示时间、地点和原因的名词，不能省略，有时可换用“介词＋which”结构。

　　24．when，where和why在名词性从句中前面通常没有表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而且它们在从句中表示疑问意义。

　　七、that引导定语从句和同位语从句的用法比较

　　25．引导定语从句的that是关系代词，在从句中充当主语或宾语，是对先行词的一个限制说明；作宾语时可以省略；指物时可用which代替。

　　26．引导同位语从句的that是连接词，只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不能用which代替。同位语从句用来说明名词或代词表示的具体内容。

　　八、先行词为way和time的定语从句

　　27．way作先行词表示“方式，方法”，且作状语时，引导定语从句的关系词有that/in which，也可省略关系词。作主语不可省。

　　28．time作先行词表示“次数”时，应用that引导定语从句，that可以省略；若time表示“一段时间”，应用关系副词when或“介词＋which”引导定语从句，引导词不可以省略。

　　注意：

　　在以上两种情况中，that是关系副词而非关系代词。答案：A

　　解析：金钱弥补不了过去五年鲍勃所受的罪，make up for“弥补”，符合题意。

　　答案：A

　　解析：would have liked to do“过去想要做某事而实际未做”；run out of“用完；耗尽”，为及物动词短语，其主语通常是人。

　　答案：A

　　解析：本句的意思是“在那种情况下谁都会这么做”。这是一个含蓄虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的虚拟用would have done。

　　答案：1.had attended　2.would not have finished　3.had not told　4.looking　5.using

　　答案：1.why　2.taken my eyes off　3.is made up of　4.with his hands tied

　　答案：1.①use; up　②run out of　③runs out

　　2．①take it easy　②take our time

　　3．①let; down　②let alone　③let; out