2017届高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习综合训练（练习）：Module 3 Unit 7 The Sea

　　Module 3

　　Unit 7

　　The Sea

　　综合训练

　　Ⅰ.品句填词1.Mary has a very good c________ of foreign coins.

　　2.He studied so hard that e________he entered Beijing University.

　　3.We should stop p________ our environment，or else the earth will be ruined.

　　4.The poor boy made a l________by selling newspapers.

　　5.The old man is as________(有活力的)as a young person and he can’t sit still.

　　6.The moment I picked up the telephone，I________(辨认出)your voice.

　　7.Look at the road________(标牌)！We are in the wrong direction.

　　8.The________(反义词)of the word “good” is “bad”.

　　答案：1.collection　2.eventually　3.polluting　4.living　5.energetic　6.recognised　7.sign　8.opposite

　　Ⅱ.短语识境

　　M 1.I am tired every day because my homework almost________all my time.

　　2.I am________her by marriage.

　　3.________the door opened and in came our life coach.

　　4.Whatever difficulties we meet，we should________working.

　　5.________！ There is a car coming!

　　6.Some people blamed Harry when he________，but Joe stood by him.

　　7.The young man left his office job to try to ________on his father’s farm.

　　8.It took us quite a long time________the boring questionnaire.

　　答案：1.takes up　2.related to　3.All at once　4.carry on　5.Watch out 　6.got into trouble

　　7.make a living　8.to fill out

　　Ⅲ.翻译句子

　　1.几个小时后我说服他买了这辆自行车。(persuade)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2.不长时间后他娶了那个女孩。(before)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3.在巴黎，他染上吸烟的坏毛病。(pick up)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　4.除了名单上的名字外，还有六个申请人。(addition)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：1.After a few hours，I persuaded him to buy this bike.

　　2.It was not long before he married the girl.

　　3.In Paris，he picked up the bad habit of smoking.

　　4.In addition to the names on the list，there are six other applicants.Ⅳ.单项填空

　　1.—The traffic is heavy now，so Mike ________come late.

　　—Let’s wait ten more minutes.

　　A.can

　　B.need

　　C.may

　　D.shall

　　解析：考查情态动词的用法。语意：——现在交通繁忙，所以Mike可能会迟到。——那让我们再等10分钟吧。此处may表示 “(有可能但不肯定)也许，可能”；can表示 “能够”；need表示 “需要”；shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示 “警告、命令、威胁” 等语气。据此选C项。

　　答案：C

　　2.The differences between American and British English are ________ in the spoken form than in the written form.

　　A.great

　　B.greater

　　C.greatest

　　D.the greatest

　　解析：考查形容词比较级。语意：美式英语与英式英语在口语上的差别远大于在书面上的差别。根据语意和than可以判断，这里选B项。

　　答案：B

　　3.Mr Black has ________ playing golf at the weekends since he retired.A.got rid of

　　B.catered to

　　C.taken to

　　D.corresponded to

　　解析：考查短语动词。自从退休后，Black先生养成了周末打高尔夫的习惯。take to意为 “养成某种习惯”。答案：C

　　4.—Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon?—Really？It is said to be superior________any other model.I can’t wait to buy________.

　　A.to；one

　　B.than；one

　　C.to；it

　　D.than；it

　　解析：考查短语和代词。be superior to表示 “比……好”；第二空代指一个3G mobile phone，所以A项正确。

　　答案：A

　　5.________ that you didn’t care about this matter at all，I should not have wasted my time explaining it to you.

　　A.Should I realize

　　B.Had I realized

　　C.If I realized

　　D.Did I realize

　　解析：考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语should not have wasted可知是对过去事实相反的假设，前面的条件句应为 “If I had realized...” ，省略了if，所以选B。

　　答案：B

　　6.—The vase cost me almost 150 yuan.

　　—Well，it was crazy of you to spend so much money ________ you could buy a much cheaper one.

　　A.while

　　B.if

　　C.when

　　D.because

　　解析：考查连词。when表示 “既然”，符合语境。又如：It’s silly of you to take a taxi there when you could walk there.

　　答案：C

　　7.—Nowadays when people talk about magicians，the first one that comes into their mind is Liu Qian.

　　—Absolutely！I’m sure________else can match him.

　　A.nobody B.someone

　　C.anyone

　　D.nothing

　　解析：考查代词。根据语境，没有人能赶上他，nobody else表示 “别无他人”，故选A项。

　　答案：A

　　8.Look！A group of students are playing the violin there，________their teacher as the conductor.

　　A.in front of them stand

　　B.in front of them stands

　　C.in front of whom standing

　　D.in front of whom stands

　　解析：考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析，空格后是定语从句，先行词是students，该定语从句是个倒装句，地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词(如lie，live，sit，stand)或转移的动词(如come，go，rise)，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后形成倒装。从句的主语是their teacher，所以谓语用单数。

　　答案：D

　　9.It is in that primary school________Mary once studied for six years________she will build a library，________ delights all the students and teachers in the school.

　　A.where；when；that

　　B.that；that；that

　　C.that；when；which D.where；that；which

　　解析：考查强调句和定语从句。根据句子结构分析， “________Mary once studied for six years” 是定语从句，修饰先行词that primary school，引导词作地点状语，所以用where；第二空和前面的部分构成强调句 “It is in that primary school that she will build a library” ；“________ delights all the students and teachers in the school” 也是定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句，故引导词用which。

　　答案：D

　　10.The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged________there for sightseeing.

　　A.us from going

　　B.us to go

　　C.us going

　　D.we to go

　　解析：考查固定结构。discourage sb.from doing sth.是固定表达，表示 “阻止某人做某事”。

　　答案：A

　　Ⅴ.完形填空

　　Each year this organization of men came to the children’s Home Society.The men would take us in groups of five to___1__Jackson Vide，Florida，to do some shopping.

　　I__2__going with this gentleman in a row.He would take us to__3__ area，and then he would ask us if we wanted to go to the__4__.We agreed.I remember watching him as he__5__his wallet to pay for our__6__.He looked at me and just__7__with his big smile.During the movie he bought us popcorn and candy.I remember thinking how__8__it was that someone would__9__their own money on someone like us.

　　We all laughed at the __10__movie and had a good time.The man also laughed really __11__and then patted me on the head.I looked at him，and he just __12__ smiling with his great big wonderful smile.

　　That trip to the movie was the first time in my life that I ever felt as if someone really __13__about me.It was a wonderful __14__I have never forgotten，even to this day，__15__later.I don’t know if the man felt sorry for me，but I do know this：If I ever __16__the big lottery(彩票)，that man will find out that he carried a million­dollar smile.This is__17__I believe it is so important that organizations continue to __18__out and help the children who are less__19__.In my particular case，it was this man’s personal act of __20__ that will be remembered forever.Just one little simple act of kindness.

　　I thank you，kind sir，for a memory which I now share with my children and grandchildren fifty years later.

　　1.A.center

　　B.downtown

　　C.middle

　　D.downstairs

　　解析：由do some shopping可知。答案：B

　　2.A.remind

　　B.record

　　C.dislike

　　D.remember

　　解析：由本段中的第三句和最后一句中的“I remember”可知三个“I remember”相呼应。答案：D

　　3.A.reading

　　B.walking

　　C.shopping

　　D.swimming

　　解析：由第一段最后一句do some shopping 可知。答案：C

　　4.A.school

　　B.store

　　C.park

　　D.cinema

　　解析：由该段中During the movie可知。答案：D

　　5.A.pulled out

　　B.found out

　　C.exchanged for

　　D.put away

　　答案：A

　　6.A.foods

　　B.drinks

　　C.tickets

　　D.snacks

　　解析：他带我们去看电影，我记得他掏钱包给我们买电影票。答案：C

　　7.A.laughed

　　B.smiled

　　C.spoke

　　D.whispered

　　解析：由该句中with his big smile可推出。

　　答案：B

　　8.A.terrible

　　B.common

　　C.boring

　　D.wonderful

　　答案：D

　　9.A.spend

　　B.return

　　C.save

　　D.hide

　　解析：我记得当时的我这样认为：有人给我们花钱真是太好了。

　　答案：A

　　10.A.serious

　　B.frightening

　　C.funny

　　D.modern

　　解析：由We laughed可知。

　　答案：C

　　11.A.slightly

　　B.hard

　　C.less

　　D.untruly

　　解析：上文中提到我们看电影时很开心，那位绅士笑得也很开心(hard)。

　　答案：B

　　12.A.stopped

　　B.prevented

　　C.protected

　　D.kept

　　解析：第二段提到当我看着他时，他对我微笑。这时我再次看他时，他继续保持(kept)微笑。

　　答案：D

　　13.A.talked

　　B.cared

　　C.worried

　　D.doubted

　　解析：那次去看电影使我生平第一次感觉到有人在真正关心(care about)我。

　　答案：B

　　14.A.movement

　　B.expression

　　C.feeling

　　D.sense

　　解析：我一直到今天也没忘记被人关心的感觉。

　　答案：C

　　15.A.months B.decades

　　C.days

　　D.weeks

　　解析：由文章最后一句可知事情发生在五十年前，故选decades。

　　答案：B

　　16.A.win

　　B.buy

　　C.sell

　　D.lose

　　解析：win the lottery中彩票。

　　答案：A

　　17.A.why

　　B.because

　　C.how

　　D.when

　　答案：A

　　18.A.bring

　　B.take

　　C.reach

　　D.carry

　　答案：C

　　19.A.wealthy

　　B.healthy

　　C.important

　　D.fortunate

　　解析：作者根据自己的经历总结这就是他为什么认为组织机构继续伸出援助之手帮助不幸儿童是非常重要的。

　　答案：D

　　20.A.satisfaction

　　B.instruction

　　C.kindness

　　D.politeness

　　解析：由下文的just one little simple act of kindness可知。

　　答案：C

　　第五节　阅读理解题常见问题与解决方法

　　高考阅读理解要求考生在30～35分钟的时间内完成3到5篇不同题材、体裁的短文的理解，是整个高考试题中难度最大、区分度最高的题型。它不仅考查考生对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查考生快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。考生不仅要正确理解文章的表层意思，还要能通过表层意思去合理推断、挖掘文章的隐含意义和延伸意义。它是对考生知识和心理素质的综合检验。可以说，阅读理解得分率的高低在很大程度上决定着英语考试的成败。阅读理解的常见题型为：主旨大意题；分析推理题；细节理解题；猜测词义题。其中以细节判断试题为主，并加大深层次理解试题和篇章结构试题的考查力度。

　　一、近几年阅读理解的题型特点

　　(一)词汇量不断攀升

　　近几年高考阅读理解部分的阅读量一直保持增长的趋势，阅读量的增加意味着对阅读速度的要求在提高，因此我们要提醒和培养考生提高阅读速度。

　　(二)更加注重综合理解能力的考查

　　阅读理解能力测试的主要设题方式有：①理解所读材料的主旨和大意；②理解文中用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；③根据上下文推断词、短语或句子的含义；④根据文章的叙述，作出简单的推理判断；⑤理解文章的基本篇章结构；⑥理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

　　阅读理解题型主要分为三类题型：问题一是主旨类；问题二是推理判断类；问题三是词义猜测和细节理解类。

　　下面我就这三类题型一一讲解一下高考阅卷中发现的常见问题和解决方法。

　　问题一：主旨类常见问题

　　问题二：推理判断类常见问题

　　问题三：词义猜测和细节理解类常见问题

　　问题一：主旨类常见问题

　　问题描述与分析

　　高考题对此类题型的考查综合性强，难度大，文章的题材丰富，需要学生综合多方信息，但是很多考生无法找到主题句，常被枝节表达所迷惑，所以对文章的主旨分析就会出现偏差导致失分。

　　典例精析：

　　【例1】 (2009·北京卷E篇)Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and，at its best，it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness，it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地) and leave no mark.

　　Wild camping is not permitted in many places，particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are，find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces，and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example，it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland，but in England you must ask the landowner’s permission，except in national parks.

　　Camping is about having relaxation，sleeping­outdoors，experiencing bad weather，and making do without modern conveniences. A busy，fully­equipped campsite(野营地) seems to go against this，so seek out smaller，more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still，find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure.

　　Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night’s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland，avoid standing dead trees，which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves，and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire，do so downwind of your shelter. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found，not made—changing it should be unnecessary.

　　(D) The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A.the protection of campsites

　　B.the importance of wild camping

　　C.the human influence on campsites

　　D.the dos and don’ts of wild camping

　　【答案解析】 选择D。主旨大意题。文章首先指出随着越来越多的人热衷于野营，和谐野营变得愈来愈重要了，下文叙述的则是在野营过程中的注意事项，包括倡导做的事情和反对做的事情，所以D项最好地概括了文章大意。

　　【例2】 (2009·上海卷D篇)The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I. Q，a generally bad predictor of success. Instead，it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practicing their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop，you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent，just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet，say，a novelist，who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town，had the same family background，or，shared the same birthday.

　　This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12，giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition，she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

　　Then she would practice writing. Her practice would be slow，painstaking and error­focused. By practicing in this way，she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious，newly learned skills into unconscious，automatically performed skills. By practicing slowly，by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating，she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback，viewing her performance from the outside，correcting the smallest errors，pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

　　The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful，laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard­wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior.

　　(C) The passage mainly deals with ________

　　A.the function of I. Q. in cultivating a writer

　　B.the relationship between genius and success

　　C.the decisive factor in making a genius

　　D.the way of gaining some sense of distinction

　　【答案解析】 选择C。主旨大意题。文章第一句话The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I.Q.，a generally bad predictor of success.就提出了全文的中心：区别天才和只是知识渊博的人的因素不是IQ，而是有目的的实践。全文围绕着这一中心来展开，即文章在探讨造就天才的决定性因素。

　　【例3】 (2008·全国Ⅰ卷C篇) It is often necessary to release a fish，that is，set it free after catching，because it is too small，or you just don’t want to take it home to eat. In some cases，releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch­ and­release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.

　　—When catching a fish，play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible.

　　Don’t use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.

　　—Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Don’t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.

　　—Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach，cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.

　　—Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.

　　—Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish，do so right away.

　　With a little care and by following the suggestions given above，you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.

　　(D)What is the purpose of the test?

　　A.To show how to enjoy fishing.

　　B.To persuade people to fish less often.

　　C.To encourage people to set fish free.

　　D.To give advice on how to release fish.

　　【答案解析】 选择D。文章大意：如果抓到或钓到鱼而想放生时怎么放掉呢？本文针对这一问题给出了一些建议。作者意图判断题。根据文章的叙述可知，本文是对如何释放鱼提出建议，所以D项是正确答案。

　　【例4】 (2008·全国Ⅱ卷B篇)The Queen’s English is now sounding less upper­class，a scientific study of the Queen’s Christmas broadcasts had found. Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard Received.

　　Jonathan Harrington，a professor at Germany’s University of Munich，wanted to discover whether accent (口音) changes recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. “As far as I know，there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records，” he said.

　　He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper­class accent over the past years. “Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these are very，very small and slow changes that we don’t notice from year to year.”

　　“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes，” he told The Daily Telegraph，a British newspaper. “In 1952 she would have been heard saying ‘thet men in the bleck het’.Now it would be ‘thet man in the black hat’.Similarly，she would have spoken of ‘the citay’ and ‘dutay’ rather than ‘citee’ and ‘hame’ rather than ‘home’. In the 1950s she would have been ‘lorst’，but by the 1970s ‘lost’.”

　　The Queen’s broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas，the 10­minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch. (传统火鸡午餐).The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.

　　(C)What is the text mainly about?

　　A.The relationship between accents and social classes.

　　B.The Queen’s Christmas speeches on TV.

　　C.The changes in a person’s accent.

　　D.The recent development of the English language.

　　【答案解析】 选择C。主旨大意题。本文着重介绍50多年来，通过对英国女王讲话录音的研究发现英语语音变化的情况。所以本题的正确答案是C。

　　【例5】 (2008·四川卷C篇)Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat. However，the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time ­ about eight hours after you wake up ­ your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.

　　In many parts of the world，people take naps(小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates(气候)，where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional (传统的)，people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.

　　Many working people，unfortunately，have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps，employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance，however，here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can slao happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time，try a short nap ­ even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.

　　(B)What would be the best title for the text?

　　A.Just for a Rest

　　B.All for a Nap

　　C.A Special Sleep Pattern.

　　D.Taking Naps in Warmer Climate.

　　【答案解析】 选择B。主旨大意题。本文讲述了小睡的重要性，再结合第二段中的Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate可推断出B项是正确的。

　　解决方案与指南

　　此类题目常用提问方式：

　　(1)The main idea of this passage is ________.

　　(2)The passage is mainly about ________.

　　(3)The point of this story is ________.

　　(4)The topic/subject discussed in the text is ________.

　　(5)From the passage we can learn/conclude that ________.

　　(6)Which title fits the text best?

　　(7)The best topic for the above passage will be ________.

　　(8)The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with ________.

　　(9)Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?

　　(10)What does the writer mainly tell us?

　　(11)Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text?

　　(12)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

　　(13)Which is the subject discussed in the text?

　　(14)The best title for this newspaper article is ________.

　　解决方法：

　　1.抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨

　　仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法。浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句。重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。

　　2.抓住段落大意，概括中心思想

　　寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的重点，考虑文章中材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心来安排的。最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。

　　3.抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心

　　要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。

　　直击高考与警示

　　此题型要求考生在理解全文后归纳短文大意，概括中心思想，或选择短文的标题，这些都暗含在文章中。要充分注意文章的首尾句、段。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的梗概，尤其是资讯类的，第一段常是故事的梗概，这一段往往表达文章的中心思想。在文章的段落中则经常由开头的一句作主题句，来概括该段的中心思想。但不少文章或段落中，中心思想贯穿在整个文章中。必须具备一定的归纳和概括能力，才能选对答案。因此，此类题有些属于浅层次理解上的档次。