【北师大版】高中英语一轮复习讲练精品：Part I Unit 12 Culture Shock同步练习

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　I get many e－mails each week from people who want to start building robots. As a builder of robots for 30 years, here's my __1__ on the subject.

　　First, let's decide what a “robot” is. In my __2__， a remote controlled car is not a robot since it has no brain of its own. To be a robot, it should have the __3__ to think and make decisions. This may sound __4__ at first, but really any small computer can be programmed to make __5__.

　　I want to encourage you, but __6__， building a robot is not easy. This is a task that would __7__ a normal person several months or years. In __8__， as past president of the Dallas Personal Robotics Group, I've known professional engineers that spent several years just to __9__ a mobile base working.

　　I'm not trying to __10__ you, but I just want you to know what __11__ of project this is. If you are willing to spend many months, much money, and potentially __12__ and discouragement, then design and build your own robot from the very beginning.

　　Most people __13__ that you can build a robot with parts found around the house and that is partially true. I think __14__ screwdrivers would be a good drive motor. __15__， there are many things that you will have to __16__， especially when it __17__ to the electronics, sensors and microcontroller parts. These items are simply not __18__ in the bottom of a toybox or at your local WalMart.

　　__19__ almost all believed it would cost much __20__ when they began, most robots built from the very beginning cost between $200 and $15. Many people spend well over $1,000 and some, much more.

　　1．A.explanation　

　　B．instruction　

　　C．advice　

　　D．question

　　【答案与解析】　C　从下文看是作者的一些建议。

　　2．A.opinion

　　B．thought

　　C．idea

　　D．feeling

　　【答案与解析】　A　in one‘s opinion是固定搭配，“在……看来”。3．A.power

　　B．strength

　　C．force

　　D．ability

　　【答案与解析】　D　have the ability to do “有做……的能力”。4．A.interesting

　　B．hard

　　C．easy

　　D．exciting

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据转折词but和any(任何一个)判断，此处应为“听起来难”。5．A.choices

　　B．mistakes

　　C．conclusions

　　D．decisions

　　【答案与解析】　D　make decisions“作出决定”，上文有提示。6．A.immediately

　　B．honestly

　　C．especially

　　D．eventually

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据“我想鼓励你”和“但是……”，“不容易”判断，此处应为“说实话”。7．A.spend

　　B．afford

　　C．take

　　D．pay

　　【答案与解析】　C　该句为sth takes sb time句型，意为“某事花费某人……时间”。8．A.general

　　B．fact

　　C．common

　　D．need

　　【答案与解析】　B　in general“一般说来”； in fact“事实上”； in common“共有”； in need“需要”。根据下文的“作为……”推断，要用“事实上”。9．A.get

　　B．enable

　　C．cause

　　D．make

　　【答案与解析】　A　 get sth working“让……运转起来”。enable和cause后接to do；make后用动词原形。10．A.discourage

　　B．encourage

　　C．convince

　　D．satisfy

　　【答案与解析】　A　上文谈到的是制作机器人的困难，所以此处作者说“我不想让你泄气”。11．A.color

　　B．size

　　C．date

　　D．range

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据后面的project看，应该是“让你知道这个工程(计划)的大小”。12．A.excitement

　　B．enjoyment

　　C．disappointment

　　D．pleasure

　　【答案与解析】　C　根据后面的discouragement判断。13．A.recognize

　　B．suggest

　　C．permit

　　D．believe

　　【答案与解析】　D　believe“相信”，此处指“大部分的人都这样认为”。14．A.electric

　　B．electrical

　　C．electronic

　　D．electricity

　　【答案与解析】　A　electric“电动的”； electrical“有关电的”； electronic“电子的”； electricity“电”。根据

　　screwdrivers看，应为“电动的”。15．A.Therefore

　　B．However

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Besides

　　【答案与解析】　B　上下文的转折关系，所以用however，意为“然而”。16．A.borrow

　　B．buy

　　C．lend

　　D．build

　　【答案与解析】　B　上文提到制作机器人的许多部件可以找到，然后通过转折词，我们就可看出另外一些东西需要“购买”。

　　17．A.turns

　　B．changes

　　C．comes

　　D．goes

　　【答案与解析】　C　when it comes to...是固定句型，意为“当谈到……；当涉及……”。18．A.available

　　B．acceptable

　　C．responsible

　　D．possible

　　【答案与解析】　A　available“可利用的；可用到的”。19．A.Because

　　B．Through

　　C．Although

　　D．Since

　　【答案与解析】　C　上下文是让步关系，所以用although。20．A.more

　　B．cheaper

　　C．higher

　　D．Less【答案与解析】　D　根据下文的“cost well over $1,000”判断，一开始的时候，几乎所有的人都认为花费少。

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　21．He is never ________ of his shortcomings because he is over－confident.

　　A．aware　 　B．awake　 　C．afraid　 　D．ashamed【答案与解析】　A　题意： 因为过于自信，他从来意识不到自己的缺点。be aware of “意识到”，符合题意。22．Tired of work through the year, she desired to ________ and live an independent life for herself.

　　A．drop off

　　B．drop out

　　C．drop in

　　D．drop behind【答案与解析】　B　题意：厌烦了一年到头的工作，她想要退出而去过一种独立的生活。 drop out “退出”； drop off “将某人送到某处”； drop in “顺便来访”； drop behind “落后”。

　　23．He is firmly

　　________ to rise in the world whatever it takes.

　　A．inspired

　　B．determined

　　C．developed

　　D．decided

　　【答案与解析】　B　题意： 他下定决心无论如何也要出人头地。be determined to do “下定决心做某事”，强调心理状态，符合题意。24．I tried to get out of the business, ________ I found impossible.

　　A．who

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．what【答案与解析】　B　题意：我试图脱离商界，却发现这是不可能的。在非限制定语从句中，关系代词指代前面整个句子意思时，只能用which。

　　25．She didn't speak loudly, so she couldn't make herself ________.

　　A．hear

　　B．to hear

　　C．hearing

　　D．heard

　　【答案与解析】　D　题意：她说话声音不大，因此无法让人们听清楚。make oneself heard / known / understood...是固定用法，意为“使某人自己(被)听到/知道/理解”。26．I smell something________ in the kitchen; can I call you back in a minute?

　　A．burning

　　B．burnt

　　C．being burnt

　　D．to be burnt

　　【答案与解析】　A　题意：我闻到厨房里什么东西糊了(正在燃烧)，我能过一会儿回电话给你吗？burning 作宾语补足语，表示“正在燃烧”。27．The monument was set up ________ the soldiers who died for the country.

　　A．in case of

　　B．in face of

　　C．in charge of

　　D．in honour of

　　【答案与解析】　D　in honour of “为纪念……；为庆祝……”。题意：这座纪念碑是为纪念为国牺牲的士兵们而建立的。28．It's no use________ over spilt milk.

　　A．cry

　　B．cried

　　C．being cried

　　D．crying【答案与解析】　D　题意：不要为打翻的牛奶哭泣。It is no use / no good / senseless后常接v－ing形式。29．—The lights were left burning all night long.

　　—Yes. It seems that Zhang Peng is ________. He was the last to leave.

　　A．blaming

　　B．blamed

　　C．to blame

　　D．to be blame【答案与解析】　C　be to blame “应受到责备”，用主动形式表示被动含义。

　　30．The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.

　　A．access

　　B．passage

　　C．way

　　D．approach【答案与解析】　A　题意：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。 access to 为固定短语，意为“有权使用；有机会接近”。31．He ________ his success in the English speech contest to full preparation.

　　A．arose

　　B．published

　　C．owed

　　D．owned【答案与解析】　C　题意：他把英语演讲比赛的成功归功于充分的准备。arise“出现”； publish“出版；发行”； owe“归功于”； own“拥有；所有”。

　　32．The central finance has handed out 6.3 billion yuan to help the local government ease capital shortages________the snow disaster.

　　A．resulting in

　　B．in spite of

　　C．owing to

　　D．in terms of

　　【答案与解析】　C　题意：中央财政拨出63亿元帮助当地政府缓解雪灾引起的资金短缺问题。result in “导致”；

　　in spite of “尽管”；

　　owing to“由于；因为”；

　　in terms of“就……来说”。33．I was reading attentively

　　________

　　I heard a loud explosion outside.

　　A．when

　　B．while

　　C．as if

　　D．in case【答案与解析】　A　题意：我正专心致志地看书，突然听到了外面巨大的爆炸声。此句中，when 意为“正在那时；突然”。while “当……时候”； as if “仿佛；好像”； in case “以防；以免”。

　　34．The way

　　________

　　our boss treats us is hard to understand.

　　A．which

　　B．in that

　　C．how

　　D．不填【答案与解析】　D　题意：老板对待我们的方式真是难以理解。当先行词是the way，且the way 在定语从句中作方式状语时，定语从句可用in which, that 引导，也可省略关系词。35．Mr Li suggested us ________

　　as much English as possible in our spare time.

　　A．read

　　B．to read

　　C．reading

　　D．should read【答案与解析】　C　题意：李老师建议我们课外尽可能多读英语。suggest doing sth “建议做某事”；当suggest (建议)后接从句时，从句的谓语部分用should do 形式，should 可以省略。

　　Ⅲ. 阅读理解

　　A

　　A British architect has designed the world's tallest road bridge in southern France. This picture shows what an unbelievable sight it is.

　　Designing a road bridge that is higher than the Eiffel Tower was a tall order, even for famous British architect Norman Foster. But after years of planning, he created an amazing design that has been built by the French construction company famous for building Paris' landmark tower. Costing ￡270 million, the revolutionary new bridge spans the Tarn Valley at Millau, in the Massif Central mountains of southern France.

　　The bridge was built to provide a direct route between Paris and the Spanish city of Barcelona. Previously the only route was through Millau, a small town of just a few thousand residents. More than 10,000 cars passed through Millau every day, causing huge traffic jams, so the

　　bridge was commissioned in December 2001.

　　Already it has been called a model of art, hardly surprising considering Foster is also responsible for designing other buildings of architectural beauty. The Millennium Bridge and Canary Wharf tube station in London, and the Reichstag parliament building in Berlin are all his designs.

　　The bridge was opened and already is a great success. Even though drivers must pay a toll of ￡3.20, it has attracted visitors from around the world. 100,000 people have changed their journey just to catch a glimpse of this giant web of steel and concrete.

　　But not everyone is happy. Some shop owners have complained that business has been poor since the bridge opened. The number of people traveling through Millau is much reduced. The bridge, like Concorde and the Channel Tunnel, is another remarkable example of what the French and British can achieve when they team up.

　　36．From the passage we can see that ________.

　　A．it was not hard for Norman Foster to design the bridge

　　B．though famous, Norman Foster met a lot of difficulties designing the bridge

　　C．it took Norman Foster several years to build the bridge

　　D．with Foster's French, construction company designed the bridge

　　【答案与解析】　 B　推断题。根据第2段中的“a tall order (难做的事情)”和“after years of planning”可以判断，他在设计大桥时遇到了不少的困难。37．After the bridge was opened, ________.

　　A．people spent less time traveling from France to Spain

　　B．more and more cars went through the town of Millau every day

　　C．everyone in Millau was pleased with it

　　D．traffic jams often occurred on it

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。根据第3段中的“The bridge was built to provide a direct route between Paris and the Spanish city of Barcelona”可知，大桥提供了从巴黎到巴塞罗那的直达线路，所以人们从法国到西班牙会节省时间。38．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．Before the bridge was opened, people traveled from Paris to Barcelona by way of Millau.

　　B．Residents in the town of Millau suffered from traffic jams.

　　C．The tallest building in France was the Eiffel Tower.

　　D．Some of the people benefited from the cars passing by.

　　【答案与解析】　C　推断题。虽然短文中提到“Designing a road bridge that is higher than the Eiffel Tower”，但是大桥比埃菲尔铁塔高，并不一定说明埃菲尔铁塔是法国最高的建筑物。

　　39．From the passage we can infer that ________.A．some people are not satisfied because they have to pay when going across it

　　B．the bridge not only is a convenient route but also has become a place of interest

　　C．the bridge was in the charge of French president Jacques Chirac when under construction

　　D．100,000 cars go across the bridge every day【答案与解析】　B　推断题。大桥提供了从巴黎到巴塞罗那的直达线路，可推测“方便”；许多人改变旅行路线来观看大桥，说明大桥已成了一景点。

　　B

　　Having a private life is becoming more and more difficult. The thing is that today everything we do is recorded on computers. We cannot even order a pizza without being asked our phone number.

　　For some people, it might be a problem. A total stranger can, with one touch of his computer, have all the information about your life. That's the price we pay as our world moves with technology. Soon we will just have to put our thumb on a screen and everything about our private life will appear.

　　It is up to us to fix the limits to invasion of our privacy. For example, when people become famous, they lose their privacy; but for them that's a personal choice. We cannot be rich and famous and walk on a crowded avenue without being recognized by people.

　　What troubles me is why people want to put their noses in each other's business. Private investigators are a

　　good example of how some people are paid to look into and spy on the private lives of people. The worst thing is that not only are they paid to do their job, but they often overcharge for their work. This job has to be forbidden because it is against the right to have a private life.

　　The fact that anyone can eavesdrop (窃听) on other people does not really bother me; I think that it is human nature to be curious. What does bother me, however, is that some people do it for the purpose of hurting someone.

　　40．What does the writer want to say in this passage?

　　A．New technologies affect our life.

　　B．It is difficult to have a private life.

　　C．Your phone number is not a secret.

　　D．Computers can recorder everything.

　　【答案与解析】　B　主旨题。文章的第1句“Having a private life is becoming more and more difficult”为主题句，意为“过私人生活越来越难”，后面都是围绕此点展开的。

　　41．From the passage we can infer that if we put our personal information on the web, ________.

　　A．it might bring us trouble

　　B．it might cause trouble to others

　　C．we can develop friendship with a stranger

　　D．a stranger can recognize us with only one touch

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。根据第2段“A total stranger can, with one touch of his computer, have all the information about your life. That's the price we pay as our world moves with technology”中的“陌生人”和“付出的代价”可知，这样做可能给我们带来麻烦。

　　42．According to the writer, if famous people ________.

　　A．walk on the street, they will be recognized

　　B．become rich, they'd better not walk alone

　　C．want to have privacy, they shouldn't be on a crowded street

　　D．lose their privacy, it must be their own choice

　　【答案与解析】　A　细节题。第3段的最后一句“我们不可能在富有和出名的时候在繁忙的街上走而不被认出来”给出了答案。43．The worst thing private investigators often do is that ________.

　　A．they put their nose in other people's business

　　B．they look into other people's private life

　　C．they are paid to do the job

　　D．they ask for more money【答案与解析】　D　细节题。根据第4段“...but they often overcharge for their work”中的关键词overcharge(过高地要钱)可知，他们要的钱太多。

　　C

　　Great Basin National Park is a United States National Park established in 1986, located in east－central Nevada near its border with Utah. It is the first national park in the western state of Nevada. It is far from any city.

　　In the early 1800s, an American explorer traveled through the area. He found the land shaped like a bowl. So he named it the Great Basin. There aren't many places in the world quite like Great Basin National Park. The drastic (猛烈的) difference in elevation between the high mountain peaks and the desert floor below bring a large variety of wildlife and plant life to the park.

　　For example, you can climb a mountain covered with green trees, then cool yourself in a field of snow when you arrive at the top. Here and there, sharp rocks push out through the snow. Among the rocks you might see nest of the golden eagle, a bird that was once in danger of dying out.

　　There are a number of developed campsites within the park, as well as excellent back country camping opportunities. You can climb in a campground on the edge of Lehman Caves. The caves are a group of large underground rooms made of limestone. You can walk through them for about a kilometer.

　　The state of Nevada has wanted a national park for more than sixty years. There has always been opposition from people who believe that a park would harm mining and agricultural interests.

　　The bill that set up the park, however, guarantees that mines will remain open, and that sheep and cows will continue to feed on the mountainsides.

　　44. Which of the following diagrams gives the correct relationship between Nevada，Utah and the Great Basin?

　　(N ＝ Nevada; U ＝ Utah; G ＝ the Great Basin )

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。根据第1段中的“...located in the east－central Nevada, near its border with Utah...”可知，A项与该描述相符。

　　45．We can conclude from the passage that ________.

　　A．there is plenty of snow in the Great Basin

　　B．the highest mountains are in the middle of the park

　　C．the park is about one square kilometer

　　D．the mountains are quite high above sea level there【答案与解析】　D　推断题。根据第3段中的“...climb a mountain covered with green forest, then cool yourself in a field of snow when you arrive at the top...”可知，山下是绿色的树，山顶是积雪，这说明山很高。

　　46．Lehman Caves are ________.

　　A．rooms built with limestone

　　B．about one kilometer each

　　C．connected with each other

　　D．places where visitors live

　　【答案与解析】　C　推断题。根据第4段中的“You can walk through them for about a kilometer”可知，游客能穿过这些山洞，这说明山洞是相通的。

　　47．Why was no national park built in the Great Basin for a long time?

　　A．Because it was found not long ago.

　　B．Because it was far away from any city.

　　C．Because some considered it harmful in some ways.

　　D．Because it was near the border with Utah.

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。根据第5段中的“There has always been opposition from people who believe that a park would harm mining and agricultural interests”可知，有些人认为建公园在某些方面不利。

　　D

　　White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs said he called to wake President Obama early Thursday with the unexpected news. “I think it is safe to say he was surprised，” he said.

　　Speaking at the White House, Mr Obama's tone was one of humility. “To be honest, I do not feel that I deserve to be in the company of so many of the famous figures who have been honored by this prize—men and women who have inspired me, and inspired the entire world

　　through their courageous pursuit of peace，” Mr Obama said.

　　Global reaction was swift and varied. UN Secretary－General Ban Ki－moon described the peace prize as “great news”. “President Obama embodies the new spirit of dialogue and engagement on the world's biggest problems: climate change, nuclear disarmament and a wide range of peace and security challenges，” he said.

　　Across the United States, many Americans expressed surprise.

　　“I am amazed, actually，” one person said. Another added: “I was a little shocked because I thought the timing was interesting in that he has not been in office for very long.” A third person said, “As much as I like Barack Obama, I just do not know that he has done enough to get such an honor.”

　　At American College in Cairo, political scientist Saiid Sadek found Mr Obama's selection odd and undeserved.

　　“There is no peace in Iraq, nor in Afghanistan. The Arab－Israeli conflict is still going on. As usual, nothing happened. So what for is he getting that prize？” he said.

　　Two other sitting US presidents have become Nobel winners: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt.

　　48．What was President Obama doing when the award was announced?

　　A．He was working in his office.

　　B．He was speaking at a meeting.

　　C．He was sleeping.

　　D．He was talking with UN Secretary－General.【答案与解析】　C　细节题。根据第1段第1句“White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs said he called to wake President Obama early Thursday with the unexpected news”可知，Obama当时到正在睡觉。

　　49．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．US President Obama Was Awarded Peace Prize

　　B．Obama Peace Prize Award Arose Praise and Criticism

　　C．Three Sitting Presidents Have Won the Peace Prize

　　D．The Nobel Peace Prize Was Announced

　　【答案与解析】　B　主旨题。根据第3段的第1句“Global reaction was swift and varied”以及后面的内容可知，人们对奥巴马当选褒贬不一，所以用B项作标题概括了文章的内容。50．How did most people feel when they heard the news?

　　A．They were amazed.

　　B．They were excited.

　　C．They were fooled.

　　D．They were inspired.【答案与解析】　A　细节题。根据“expressed surprise；I am amazed；I was a little shocked”可知，大部分的美国人对奥巴马当选感到惊奇。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　Dear John，

　　Hello. You've no idea that how much I'm missing you! Why hadn't you written me for so a long time? Are you all right recently? My summer's holidays have already started. What about yours? You said last time when you will pay a visit to my city, did you still remember? Will you be able to carry your plan this summer? Please write to tell me all about that, so that I can be well preparing ahead of time if you do come. As you know, I'm fond of collect stamps very much. Could you send me some American stamps if possibly? Thank you very much!

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　【答案】　1.第3句hadn't→haven't　2.第3句so→such

　　3．第5句summer's→summer　4.第7句when→that　5.第7句Will→Would　6.第7句did→do　7.第8句carry后加out

　　8．第9句preparing→prepared　9.第10句collect→collecting

　　10．第11句possibly→possible

　　Ⅴ.书面表达

　　假如你是李华，最近和你的网友Tom聊起了低碳生活习惯。根据以下提示，请你把你的做法以电子邮件的形式发给他。

　　1．每天步行上学；

　　2．离开房间时，关掉电灯、电扇、电视等；

　　3．刷牙时关上水龙头；循环用水。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和结尾已为你写好。

　　Dear Tom，

　　In your last e－mail you asked me to talk about my green habit.________________________________________________________________________

　　_____________________________________________

　　Sincerely yours，

　　Li Hua

　　【答案】　

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Tom，

　　In your last e－mail you asked me to talk about my green habit. Low carbon life is very popular among the teens here. Here are some of my doings.

　　At home, I will turn off the lights, the TV or the fans as soon as I leave a room. When I brush my teeth, I won't keep the water running. I often reuse water. For example, after washing the clothes, I will use the water to clean the floor or water flowers.

　　I usually go to school on foot. Paper is the main source of rubbish, so I'm always trying to make the best use of paper. I think it's important for us to lead a low carbon life to protect the environment. How about you?

　　Sincerely yours，

　　Li Hua