【北师大版】高中英语一轮复习讲练精品：Part I Unit 15　Learning同步练习

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　Would you like a burger or fried chicken for lunch? No way! Please pass me the salad __1__.

　　Hi, my name is Morgan Jacobs, and I decided to be a vegetarian __2__ I love all animals. I have read and seen pictures of __3__ happens to animals that are raised for their meat. It makes me so __4__. Baby cows and chickens live their __5__ lives in places that are too small for them. They have no __6__ to move about. This is so __7__. They suffer and do not get to __8__ their lives.

　　I don't like other animals that also only live to be __9__ by people endure cruel treatment while they are alive and the

　　__10__ they are killed. I feel sorry for them.

　　The best thing __11__ being a vegetarian is all the tasty and healthy foods I eat. Vegetables and fruits are healthy for your body. __12__， I think they taste better than meat. Oranges have vitamin C．I love the __13__ of watermelon, peaches, and strawberries. Green vegetables __14__ me feel strong. I enjoy drinking lots of soymilk to __15__ my bones calcium (钙)．

　　I have a life threatening allergy to nuts, seeds, and peanuts, __16__ I eat soy butter to get my protein!

　　I __17__ in being kind and loving to people and animals, being good to the earth, and

　　__18__ life, including animals!

　　__19__ is known to all, animals are our friends. We should live in

　　__20__ with the animals. If we destroyed the animals, we would destroy ourselves.

　　1．A.tooB．alsoC．either　D．instead

　　【答案与解析】　D　根据上文的No Way！判断，作者不吃汉堡和炸鸡，所以选instead“代替”。

　　2．A.because

　　B．Unless

　　C．whether

　　D．while

　　【答案与解析】　A　下文谈的是他成为素食主义者的原因，所以用because。

　　3．A.that

　　B．which

　　C．what

　　D．how

　　【答案与解析】　C　what引导宾语从句，此处指“发生在动物身上的事情”。

　　4．A.excited

　　B．sad

　　C．glad

　　D．happy

　　【答案与解析】　B　作者看到有的动物养大后被杀掉，所以“伤心”。

　　5．A.short

　　B．long

　　C．colorful

　　D．useful

　　【答案与解析】　A　此处指的是肉食牛和肉食鸡，所以他们的生命很“短暂”。

　　6．A.time

　　B．room

　　C．need

　　D．problem

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据前面的“too small for them”判断，此处应为“空间”。

　　7．A.cruel

　　B．Interesting

　　C．necessary

　　D．probable

　　【答案与解析】　A　此处指的是肉食牛和鸡，长大了只是为了被宰杀，由此推测此处为“残忍的”。

　　8．A.like

　　B．hate

　　C．enjoy

　　D．love

　　【答案与解析】　C　enjoy their lives“享受生活”。

　　9．A.played

　　B．eaten

　　C．watched

　　D．fed

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据下文的they are killed判断，此处应为“被吃掉”。

　　10．A.style

　　B．road

　　C．way

　　D．type

　　【答案与解析】　C　way“方式”，此处指这些动物被屠杀的方式。

　　11．A.in

　　B．at

　　C．to

　　D．about

　　【答案与解析】　D　about“关于”。此处意为“有关于成为素食主义者最好的事情……”。

　　12．A.Besides

　　B．However

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Therefore

　　【答案与解析】　A　该句是对上文意思更进一步的描述，所以用besides“此外”。

　　13．A.smell

　　B．color

　　C．size

　　D．taste

　　【答案与解析】　D　此处指后面提到的这些东西的“味道”。

　　14．A.force

　　B．make

　　C．cause

　　D．get

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据后面不带to的动词不定式判断，要用make。

　　15．A.leave

　　B．take

　　C．bring

　　D．give

　　【答案与解析】　D　give可接双宾语，此处意为“给骨骼补充钙质”。

　　16．A.so

　　B．but

　　C．yet

　　D．or

　　【答案与解析】　A　根据语意看，上下文为因果关系，所以用so。

　　17．A. believe

　　B．Think

　　C．consider

　　D．imagine

　　【答案与解析】　A　believe in“信仰”。

　　18.A. inspecting

　　B. Respecting C. expecting D.inspiring

　　【答案与解析】　B　作者是个素食主义者，他不愿意看到动物被屠杀，因此号召人们“尊重”生命。

　　19．A.It

　　B．What

　　C．As

　　D．Which

　　【答案与解析】C　as引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

　　20．A. harmony

　　B．Memory

　　C．terms

　　D．search

　　【答案与解析】　A　in harmony with“与……相和谐”。人类和动物应该“和谐相处”。

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　21．The story is about ________ life of Obama, who is ________ 44th President of the United States of America.

　　A．a; theB．a; a　C．the; theD．the; a

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查冠词。题意：这个故事是关于美国第44任总统奥巴马生活的。“life of Obama”是特指的，所以要用the；表示“第……”，需要在序数词前加定冠词the，因此答案为C项。

　　22．(2011浙江温州十校高三上学期联考)He had a burning ________ to win back the teacher's confidence in him.

　　A．desire

　　B．feeling

　　C．emotion

　　D．impression

　　【答案与解析】　A　考查词汇辨析。desire“要求；愿望”；feeling“感情”；emotion“情感”；impression“印象”。题意：他有强烈的愿望去赢回老师对他的信心。burning“强烈的”。

　　23．(2010福州高三模拟)A red sky in the morning ________ to be a sign of bad weather.

　　A．says

　　B．is saying

　　C．has said

　　D．is said

　　【答案与解析】　D　此句也可说成“It is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather”。题意：据说早晨的红色的天空是坏天气的征兆。

　　24．(2010福建质检)Does the work________ any effect________ your family life?

　　A．make; on

　　B．have; on

　　C．make; in

　　D．have; in

　　【答案与解析】　B　考查动词短语。have an effect on...“对……有影响”。题意：工作对你的家庭生活有影响吗？

　　25．(2010石家庄调研)It is said that Zhangjiajie ________ a visit.

　　A．observes

　　B．reserves

　　C．deserves

　　D．preserves

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查词义辨析。observe“观察；遵守；庆祝”；reserve“保留；预留”；deserve“值得”，后可加名词作宾语；preserve“保护；保存”。题意：据说张家界值得一游。

　　26．She devoted herself ________ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.

　　A．strongly

　　B．extremely

　　C．entirely

　　D．freely

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查副词词义辨析。题意：她全身心地投入研究事业，这让她在其研究领域获得了很高的声望。entirely“完全地；全然地；一概地”符合题意。strongly“坚固地；坚强地；激烈地”；extremely“极端地；非常地”；freely“自由地；直率地”。

　　27．________ seems that she was not interested in the topic they were talking about.

　　A．There

　　B．It

　　C．She

　　D．They

　　【答案与解析】　B　考查句型结构的识别。此为“It seems that...”结构，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，其他词不能这样用。题意：看起来她对他们正在讨论的话题不感兴趣。

　　28．According to the literary review, Shakespeare ________ his characters live through their language in his plays.

　　A．will make

　　B．had made

　　C．was making

　　D．makes

　　【答案与解析】　D　考查动词时态。题意：根据文学评论，莎士比亚通过戏剧中的人物语言使得这些人物鲜活。在文学评论、书评、影评、戏剧解说词等中常使用一般现在时，而不受时空的影响，故选D项。

　　29．—What's made you so ________？

　　—Losing three tickets to the pop music concert.

　　A．satisfied

　　B．upset

　　C．happy

　　D．Friendly

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据下意思“丢了三张去那场流行音乐会的票”可知应该是“什么使你如此难过”，所以选择B项。upset“心烦意乱的；不安的”。

　　30．She can't help ________ the house because she's busy making a cake.

　　A．to clean

　　B．cleaning

　　C．cleaned

　　D．being cleaned

　　【答案与解析】　A　此题容易误选B项，简单地套用can't help doing sth这一结构。其实此题应选A项，can't help doing sth“禁不住做某事；情不自禁地做某事”；can't help to do sth“不能帮助做某事”。题意：她不能帮助打扫房子因为她正在忙着做蛋糕。

　　31．We ________ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though.

　　A．could be

　　B．should be

　　C．must have been

　　D．would have been

　　【答案与解析】　D　考查虚拟语气。题意：我们本来能够在午饭时间到达的，但是我们在机场耽搁了。此处隐含着对过去的假设，后半句才是过去的事实。

　　32．“I don't think it's my ________ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on，that's all，” said the boy.

　　A．error

　　B．mistake

　　C．fault

　　D．duty

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查易混名词辨析。duty“值日”明显与题意不符，可先排除；error，mistake和fault都可意为“错误”，但用法不同。error的使用范围较窄，常指在计算、书写等过程中出现的差错；mistake范围较宽，可指各种错误；fault通常指人的“过失、过错”。题意：男孩说“电视爆炸了不是我的过错。我不过是把它打开了而已。”

　　33．Last year the number of death increased ________ 2%～5% ________ the year before last.

　　A．to; comparing to

　　B．to; comparing with

　　C．by; to compare with

　　D．by; compared with

　　【答案与解析】　D　题意：和前年相比，去年死亡率增加幅度是2%～5%。考查动词与介词的搭配和分词短语在句子中作状语的用法。compare to / with在句中作状语，如果与它的逻辑主语之间为被动关系，必须用过去分词。

　　34．As is known to all, a block of ice will ________ if it is exposed to heat.

　　A．increase

　　B．cut

　　C．decrease

　　D．lower

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查词汇辨析。题意：众所周知，对一块冰加热，它就会变小。increase“增加”；cut“消减”；decrease“变小；缩小”；lower“降低”。

　　35．—Did he admit for what he'd done?

　　—________.

　　A．No wonder

　　B．Well done

　　C．Not really

　　D．Go ahead

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查情景交际。no wonder“不足为奇；难怪”；well done“做得好”；not really“事实上没有”；go ahead“做吧”。根据题意选择C项。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　The lights dimmed，the musical hall grew quiet and out walked the conductor (指挥) shiny and white and 4 feet and 3 inches tall.

　　ASIMO, a robot designed by Honda Motor Co., met its latest challenge Tuesday evening: Conducting the Detroit Symphony (底特律交响乐团), in a performance of “The Impossible

　　Dream” from “Man of La Mancha”．

　　“Hello, everyone，” ASIMO said to the audience in a childlike voice, then waved to the orchestra. As it conducted, it perfectly mimicked (模仿) the actions of a conductor,

　　nodding its head at various sections and gesturing with one or both hands. ASIMO took a final bow to excited shouts from the audience. Later, cellist Yo－Yo Ma joined ASIMO onstage to receive an award for his efforts in music education.

　　Honda spokeswoman Alicia Jones says it is the first time ASIMO has conducted an orchestra, and it may be the first time any robot has conducted a live performance. But ASIMO has its

　　limits. ASIMO's engineers programmed the robot to mimic Charles Burke, the Detroit Symphony's education director, as he conducted the piece in front of a pianist about six months ago. But it can't respond to the musicians.

　　“It's not a communicative device. It simply is programmed to do a set of gestures，” said Leonard Slatkin, the orchestra's musical director. “If the orchestra decides to go faster, there's nothing the robot can do about it. Hopefully, I keep that under control.”

　　But several musicians also said ASIMO was more realistic than they expected. “The movements are still a little stiff (僵硬的), but very humanlike, much better than I thought，” Hutchinson said.

　　36．What's the audience's response to ASIMO's performance?

　　A．Disappointed.B．Moved.

　　C．Excited.

　　D．Astonished.

　　【答案与解析】　C　推断题。根据第3段中“ASIMO took a final bow to excited shouts from the audience”可推知，观众们对机器人ASIMO 的指挥感到非常兴奋。

　　37．Whose conducting was ASIMO made to copy?

　　A．Yo－Yo Ma's.

　　B．Charles Burke's.

　　C．Leonard Slatkin's.

　　D．Alicia Jones's.

　　【答案与解析】　B　细节题。根据第4段“ASIMO's engineers programmed the robot to mimic Charles Burke”可知，机器人ASIMO 模仿的是Charles Burke 的指挥。

　　38．We can learn from the passage that ASIMO ________.

　　A．was designed and trained by Yo－Yo Ma

　　B．can communicate with the audience freely

　　C．only performs according to the designed programs

　　D．can change its conducting style freely

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。根据第5段Leonard Slatkin 的话可以看出，ASIMO 只是一个不具备交际能力的机器，它只能按设定好的程序完成一套动作。

　　39．What would be the best title for this passage?

　　A．Detroit Symphony gives a good performance

　　B．Honda robot conducts Detroit Symphony

　　C．“The Impossible Dream” from Detroit Symphony

　　D．Cooperation between Honda and Detroit Symphony

　　【答案与解析】　B　主旨题。全文主要讲述了本田公司的机器人ASIMO 成功指挥底特律交响乐团的演出，B项紧扣中心，可作题目。

　　B

　　If you've been joining in chat room conversations, or trading e－mails with net pals (网友), you have become one of the millions who write in a special, short form of English.

　　Throughout the world, every night children and their elders are “talking” online－many of them are talking at the same time.

　　It's fast: trying talking to six people once. It's convenient: three or four words per exchange. It takes cleverness, concentration and quick fingers.

　　And it requires very simple language. There's neither time nor space for explanations. Why waste valuable time telling six friends you have to leave for a moment to take care of your little brother when BRB (be right back) will do?

　　Want to enter a conversation? Just type PMFJI (pardon me for jumping in)．

　　Interested in whom you're talking to? Type A/S/L, the nearly universal request to know your pal's age, sex and location. You may get 15/M/NY as a reply from your pal.

　　If something makes you laugh, say you're OTF (on the floor), or LOL (laughing out loud), or join the two into ROTFL (rolling on the floor laughing)．

　　And when it's time to get back to work or go to bed, you type GTG (got to go) or TTYL (talk to you later)．

　　People want to write as fast as possible, and they want to get their ideas across as quickly as they can. Capital letters are left in the dust, except when expressing feeling, as it takes more time to hold down the “Shift” key and use capitals. Punctuation (标点) is going too.

　　40．When people are online, they talk by ________.

　　A．using body language

　　B．drawing some strange pictures

　　C．making phone calls

　　D．making use of an especially short form of English

　　【答案与解析】　D　细节题。从第1段可知网友们在聊天时常用省略形式。

　　41．The underlined sentence in Para. 4 means that ________.

　　A．people should use words properly

　　B．people should know what time it is when they are talking

　　C．people online have to express themselves in a simple way

　　D．people should communicate in a funny way

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。根据本段的第1句和最后一句可以推断此句的意思是“人们在网上常用很简洁的方式表达自己的意思”。

　　42．If you get 17/F/NY as an answer to your A/S/L, it means________.

　　A．the people on the other end is 17 from New York and he is fine

　　B．you are talking to a girl who is 17 and lives in New York

　　C．you are talking to 17 girls who are from New York

　　D．the people you are talking to is a 17－foot tall New York girl

　　【答案与解析】　B　细节题。从“Type A/S/L, the nearly universal request to know you pal's age, sex and location”可知“A/S/L”是“age, sex and location”的缩写。

　　43．Which of the following is a way to save online time?

　　A．People seldom use capital letters or punctuation marks.

　　B．Many people draw pictures.

　　C．People only use the mouse instead of the keyboard.

　　D．People never use the “Shift” key.

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。最后一段“...left in the dust”意思是“丢在脑后”。按下“Shift”键键入大写字母太费时间，因此聊友常常不使用大写字母，标点符号也省掉了。

　　C

　　Come October and everybody is busy making Christmas plans. The most important thing other than making decisions on buying gifts is decorating your Christmas tree.

　　Decorating Christmas trees involves every member in the family to contribute and do whatever they can to help with the decorations.

　　Decorating Christmas trees is a fun activity that everyone in the family enjoys doing. Therefore, for innovative (创新的) ideas, it is best to get the whole family together after dinner and have a brain storming

　　session for new ideas. Children are really innovative and can come up with great suggestions. Well here are some additional ideas that can be beneficial and help you create that new look for your Christmas tree this year.

　　For decorative purposes it is better that you get an artificial tree. Select a unique theme and look for ideas to create your own decorations. The Internet is a good source for unique ideas and themes. Go in for light decorations that are truly different. Start your shopping early to look for those special lights especially at your local stores. You can even have a personalized Christmas tree theme where you have all your family members' photos hung

　　from various branches. Hang out of the world decorative pieces that truly stand out. Search for these at your local store or even your attic where you are sure to find some of those long forgotten decorative pieces that have been handed down to you by your grandmother. You can even use dried flowers or make some of your own artificial flowers as decorations.

　　If you feel you cannot come up with any great ideas, there is no reason to worry. The Internet is full of them. Make a thorough search and you are sure to find a good idea. You can then try innovating on that idea by making your own unique decorations. Enjoy yourself!

　　44．What is mainly talked about in the passage?

　　A．Process to celebrate Christmas.

　　B．Ways to decorate Christmas trees.

　　C．Places to buy Christmas gifts.

　　D．Get－together for family members.

　　【答案与解析】　B　主旨题。通读全文可以看出，文章主要讲述了装饰圣诞树的方法。

　　45．Why does the author suggest getting children involved in the decoration?

　　A．Because they like Christmas very much.

　　B．Because they wish to get more gifts.

　　C．Because they can come up with new ideas.

　　D．Because they are more innovative.

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。根据第2段“Children are really innovative and can come up with great suggestions”可知，孩子们有一些奇妙的想法。

　　46．In order to make Christmas tree theme personalized, you can ________.

　　A．hang photos of your family members on the branches

　　B．get an artificial tree from the local shop

　　C．hang some colored lights on it from home

　　D．use long forgotten decorative pieces in the attic

　　【答案与解析】　A　细节题。根据“You can even have a personalized Christmas tree theme where you have all your family members' photos hung from various branches”判断。

　　47．From the passage we can infer that ________.

　　A．nothing is more important than decorating the Christmas tree

　　B．fresh flowers is the best choice to decorate the Christmas tree

　　C．most of the people shop their Christmas tree on the Internet

　　D．people begin making preparations for Christmas long before it begins

　　【答案与解析】　D　推断题。从文章的第1句看，从十月份人们就开始制订圣诞节的计划，由此可以推断“人们早在圣诞节到来前就开始做准备”。

　　D

　　Children are getting so fat that they may be the first generation to die before their parents, an expert says.

　　Today's young people will be affected by potential (潜在的) killers such as heart disease because of their weight. Fatty fast－food diets combined with the lifestyles with televisions and computers could mean kids will die young, says Professor Andrew Prentice, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. At the same time, the shape of the human body is going through a great change because adults are getting so fat.

　　Here in Britain, the latest research shows that the average waist size for a man is 36～38 inches and may be 42～44 inches by 2032.This compares with only 32.6 inches in 1972. Women's waists have grown from an average of 22 inches in the 1920s to 24 inches in the 1950s and 30 inches now. One of the major reasons why children now are at greater risk is that we are getting fatter younger. In the UK alone, more than one million under 16 years old are thought

　　to be overweight or fat—double the number in the 1980s. One in ten of four－year－olds are also medically said to be obese.

　　The obesity which started in the US, has now spread to Europe, Australia, Central America and the Middle East. Many nations now record more than 20 percent of their population as obese and well over half of the population as overweight.

　　Professor Prentice says the change in our shape has been caused by high－energy foods combined with a dramatic (急剧的) drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments.

　　He is not alone in his concern. Only last week one medical magazine revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for heart disease and so on. An averagely obese person's lifespan (寿命) is shortened by around nine years while a seriously obese person by much more.

　　Professor Prentice says,

　　“So_will_parents_live_longer_than_their_children,_as_an_American_obesity_expert_said_recently？”

　　“The answer is yes—and no.” Yes, when most children become obese. No, because this is now becoming an alarmingly serious problem in the US. “Such children will have a greatly reduced quality of life on both body and mind.”

　　So say “No” to sandwiches and hamburgers.

　　48．From the second paragraph, we know that ________.

　　A．heart disease is caused by people's weight

　　B．bad living habits make children die young

　　C．increasing weight could kill young people

　　D．adults know how to change their shape of body

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。从第2段第1句话可知由于肥胖引起了许多疾病，成为年轻人的健康杀手。

　　49．According to Professor Prentice, people become fatter because ________.

　　A．the energy people take in is more than they need

　　B．high technology makes people use less energy

　　C．food contains too much energy

　　D．people like to eat fast food

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。从第5段可知Professor Prentice 认为现代人体形的急剧改变主要是因为摄入的能量多于消耗的能量。

　　50．For the underlined question, the answer “no” suggests ________.

　　A．children should refuse fast－food diets

　　B．children's obesity is becoming more and more serious

　　C．Americans have realized the bad consequence of the obesity

　　D．the government should call on fat people to lose weight as soon as possible

　　【答案与解析】　C　推断题。由文中“No, because this is now becoming an alarmingly serious problem in the US”可知答案。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错(2010西北工大附中第四次适应性训练)

　　I watch TV until 12 o'clock, so I could not go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late that I had to go to school without breakfast in hurry but I was late for the first class. When I entered the classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explain an important problem, and all the eyes fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even worse was happened to me in English class. The teacher asked me to recite the text, yet I could speak nothing but sorry, for I did not spend any time preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me with his coldly eyes. I stood at my bench without dare to raise my head. How a terrible day I had! I will never do anything like this.

　　【答案】　1.第1句watch → watched　2.第2句very→ so　3.第2句in 后加a　4.第3句explain → explaining

　　5．第3句fixed前加were　6.第5句去掉was　7.第6句speak → say　8.第7句coldly → cold　9.第8句dare → daring　10.第9句How → What

　　Ⅴ.书面表达

　　假如你是杨方，你要竞选班长，请根据以下内容写一篇竞选演讲词。内容包括：

　　1．你认为自己具备什么条件可以胜任班长工作？

　　2．如果当选，你会为班级同学做些什么？

　　注意：词数120左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Hello, everybody! My name is Yang Fang. I'm glad to have this opportunity to tell you why you should vote for me as monitor.

　　_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】　

　　One possible version：

　　Hello，everybody! My name is Yang Fang. I'm glad to have this opportunity to tell you why you should vote for me as monitor.

　　I am responsible, sociable, and easy－going by nature. I like class work and enjoy serving others. Additionally, I have various hobbies. I love singing and playing the drums as well as soccer. I am also a good listener and always open to different opinions. I am confident that I can do the job well.

　　Being a student myself, firstly, I will create an academic atmosphere so that everyone in our class will improve their studies. For those students who are falling behind, I will find ways to help them to catch up. Secondly, I will serve as a bridge between the teachers and us students. Finally, I will arrange parties to relax ourselves during holidays.

　　I believe I am the right person for this post and I hope to have your support and vote.b

　　Thank you！