【北师大版】高中英语一轮复习讲练精品：Part I Unit 21 Human biology同步练习

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　My daughter's car accident last week left me deeply shaken. Audrey escaped with a collarbone (锁骨) __1__， but for days after that I couldn't __2__ my head the thought of how easily I could have lost her. It is a hard truth of parenthood that the more you love, the __3__ you have to lose. The more a child grows, the less __4__ you have over their life. You can not __5__ their hands as they cross the street, __6__ keep them from heading out on a highway because the rain might turn to __7__， as it did that day last week, in New Hampshire, with my

　　__8__ daughter behind the wheel.

　　I remembered that I let her, for the first time, __9__ alone down our dirty road for a quarter mile's __10__ through what were mostly woods, to visit neighbors who just moved in with a daughter of her age. I dressed her up warmly for the trip and gave her a plastic bag filled with peanuts (花生) to __11__

　　along the way. I stood at the window, __12__ her stepping down the driveway. Then she __13__ the peanuts and they scattered (撒落) in all directions; she __14__ to pick them up with her gloves on, which made the job __15__. Then a strong wind came. She gathered up the peanuts that the wind hadn't __16__ away, set out again, and dropped the bag again. She bent down a second time, picking up peanuts one by one. I thought of how

　　__17__ I'd been with her, just __18__ she left. How I'd __19__ that she was taking too long putting on her boots. The way I'd brushed her hair was so __20__ that she cried out once.

　　I wanted, then, to run out and put my arms around her, take her hand and waded with her the rest of the way. But what I did was just stand there.

　　1．A.had 　B．good

　　　C．broken　D．hard

　　【答案与解析】　C　从事故中幸存下来，付出的代价是“断了”锁骨。

　　2．A.get out of

　　B．think of

　　C．make use of

　　D．let out

　　【答案与解析】　A　get out of“消除；摆脱”。此处表示“我脑海中总是萦绕着那种想法”。

　　3．A.easier

　　B．less

　　C．quicker

　　D．more

　　【答案与解析】　D　与前面的the more you love呼应，表示爱得越多，就失去得“越多”。

　　4．A.love

　　B．control

　　C．feeling

　　D．care

　　【答案与解析】　B　与前句呼应，孩子越大，对其“控制”就越少。

　　5．A.leave

　　B．hold

　　C．wave

　　D．kiss

　　【答案与解析】　B　与空后的their hands搭配，只能选hold。

　　6．A.or

　　B．and

　　C．but

　　D．for

　　【答案与解析】　A　否定句中的并列要用or。

　　7．A.steam

　　B．snow

　　C．ice

　　D．vapour

　　【答案与解析】　C　根据文中女儿受伤了，作者是想告诉我们原因，雨变成冰才导致了这次事故的。

　　8．A.weak

　　B．strong

　　C．naughty

　　D．precious

　　【答案与解析】　D　从整段文章可看出“我”对女儿的“珍爱”。

　　9．A.walk off

　　B．run across

　　C．set about

　　D．leave for

　　【答案与解析】　A　walk off“离开；走开”，其他三个选项均不合文意。

　　10．A.drive

　　B．trip

　　C．way

　　D．road

　　【答案与解析】　B　下一句中有提示。

　　11．A.play

　　B．eat

　　C．count

　　D．throw

　　【答案与解析】　B　母亲给孩子带了花生，是让她在路上“吃”。

　　12．A.looking

　　B．listening

　　C．watching

　　D．leaving

　　【答案与解析】　C　从上文中知道这是女儿第一次单独出行，此时，母亲站在窗前“关注着”女儿的一举一动。

　　13．A.threw

　　B．fell

　　C．lost

　　D．dropped

　　【答案与解析】　D　从下文中的“they scattered in all directions”可知。

　　14．A.sat

　　B．stood

　　C．bent

　　D．stopped

　　【答案与解析】　C　根据下文的“She bent down a second time...”可知。

　　15．A.possible

　　B．interesting

　　C．easy

　　D．difficult

　　【答案与解析】　D　从上文中的“with her gloves on”判断，此处应选D项。

　　16．A.blown

　　B．brought

　　C．taken

　　D．thrown

　　【答案与解析】　A　从上文中的“Then a strong wind came”推断，此处应为blown。

　　17．A.impatient

　　B．patient

　　C．happy

　　D．unhappy

　　【答案与解析】　A　根据后者下文在抱怨女儿动作慢可知“我”刚才很不耐烦。

　　18．A.when

　　B．before

　　C．after

　　D．while

　　【答案与解析】　B　根据上下文可知，作者此处指的是在小女孩离开“之前”。

　　19．A.said

　　B．believed

　　C．complained

　　D．thought

　　【答案与解析】　C　此处作者是“抱怨”女儿穿靴子花了太长的时间。

　　20．A.special

　　B．fast

　　C．different

　　D．rough

　　【答案与解析】　D　从后面的“that she cried out once”可推断出。

　　Ⅱ.单项填空

　　21．First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.

　　A．a; the　

　　B．the; the

　　C．a; a

　　D．the; a

　　【答案与解析】　A　考查冠词。题意：第一印象是最持久的。总之，你永远不可能有第二次机会去再给别人留下一次第一印象。

　　22．—The Bells expressed the idea to make peace with us.

　　—I doubt ________ they are honest, sometimes they lie.

　　A．what

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．whether

　　【答案与解析】　D　肯定句中doubt表示怀疑后接whether引导宾语从句。

　　23．You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.

　　A．so far as

　　B．so long as

　　C．in case

　　D．even if

　　【答案与解析】　B　题意：只要你后来把房子打扫干净，你就可以按照你喜欢的方式使用这间房子。as long as ＝ so long as“只要”。

　　24．As far as I'm concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ________.

　　A．the more for life are you equipped

　　B．the more equipped for life you are

　　C．the more life you are equipped for

　　D．you are equipped the more for life

　　【答案与解析】　B　从所提供的情境the more you learn，并结合所给的选项可以确定这是“the＋比较级＋陈述句”，“the＋比较级＋陈述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。题意：我认为，教育是关于学习的事，你学得越多，你对生活准备得就越充分。

　　25．If the president had visited the hospital this morning, it ________ the headline in tomorrow's paper.

　　A．will be

　　B．could be

　　C．had been

　　D．was

　　【答案与解析】　B　条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示可能与将来事实相反。

　　26．The reason ________ he gave for being late was ________ he overslept this morning.

　　A．why; that

　　B．why; because

　　C．which; that

　　D．which; because

　　【答案与解析】　C　第1空为定语从句，从句中缺宾语；第2空为表语从句，从句中不缺成分。

　　27．When he got home，he just placed his film ticket ________. Now he doesn't know where to find it.

　　A．at random

　　B．in vain

　　C．on occasion

　　D．by chance

　　【答案与解析】　A　题意：他到家时，将电影票随意一放，现在他不知哪儿能找到它。at random“随意；任意”；in vain“徒劳；白费”；on occasion(s)“偶尔；偶然；有时”；by chance“偶然”。

　　28．It took me some time to________ what I had heard.

　　A．suggest

　　B．satisfy

　　C．digest

　　D．contest

　　【答案与解析】　C　考查动词。由语境推知题意为：我花了很长时间才领会了所听到的话的意思。suggest“建议；要求”；satisfy“使高兴”；digest“领会”；contest“争取；争辩”。

　　29．Shops in Britain are ________ from selling alcohol to people under 18.Shoppers will be fined by law if they are found to do so.

　　A．discouraged

　　B．warned

　　C．prohibited

　　D．forbidden

　　【答案与解析】　C　前句题意：英国禁止商店向18岁以下的人出售酒类商品。prohibit “(用法令或规章等)禁止”，符合题意。

　　30．The country life he was used to ________ greatly since 1992.

　　A．change

　　B．have changed

　　C．changing

　　D．has changed

　　【答案与解析】　D　he was used to是一个定语从句，用来对the country life加以限制，句子真正的主语是the country life。又由于句子中有时间状语since 1992，所以要用现在完成时。题意为“1992年以来，他曾习惯的乡村生活已发生了巨大的变化”。

　　31．—How do you find the concert last night?

　　—________. But the conductor was perfect.

　　A．I couldn't agree more

　　B．I really like it

　　C．I was crazy about it

　　D．I don't think much of it

　　【答案与解析】　D　由答语“But the conductor was perfect”可知，对昨晚的音乐会看法并不好。I don't think much of it.“我认为它并不怎么样。”I couldn't agree more.“我非常同意。”I really like it.“我真的很喜欢它。”I was crazy about it.“我非常喜欢它。”

　　32．The company usually publishes ________ reports to inform the public about the previous year's activities.

　　A．monthly

　　B．authentic

　　C．annual

　　D．weekly

　　【答案与解析】　C　monthly“每月的；每月一次的”；authentic“真正的；原作的；可靠的”；annual“年度的；每年一次的”；weekly“每周的；每周一次的”。

　　33．If you had studied hard at that time, you ________ a university student now.

　　A．would have been

　　B．would be

　　C．are

　　D．be

　　【答案与解析】　B　考查混合虚拟条件句的用法。根据at that time可知，if引导的从句是对过去的情况进行一种假设，所以用了过去完成时；而主句后有时间状语now，可知从句是对现在的情况进行假设，故应用would / should / could / might＋动词原形。

　　34．My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever；________，he could neither eat nor sleep.

　　A．as a result

　　B．after all

　　C．anyway

　　D．otherwise

　　【答案与解析】　A　考查连接词。前后句为因果关系，即因为生病而导致后面的结果，故应选as a result。after all“毕竟；终究”；anyway“不管怎样；无论如何”；otherwise“否则；要不然”。

　　35．A man cannot smile like a child，________ a child smiles with his eyes，while a man smiles with his lips alone.

　　A．so

　　B．but

　　C．and

　　D．for

　　【答案与解析】　D　考查连词。因后一句是前一句的原因，故D项正确。for为并列连词，其作用是补充说明。

　　A

　　Since we are social beings, the

　　quality of our lives depends in large

　　measure on our interpersonal

　　relationships. One strength of the

　　human conditions is our possibility

　　to give and receive support from one

　　another under stressful (有压力的)

　　conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co－workers may let us know that they value us. Our self－respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free－time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—money aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.

　　36．Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________.

　　A．make people live more easily

　　B．smooth away daily problems

　　C．deal with life changes

　　D．cure types of illnesses

　　【答案与解析】　A　主旨题。虽然选项B、C、D的内容在文章中都谈到了，但选项A更全面。另一方面，根据文章第1段的第1句也可推知答案为A项。

　　37．The researches show that people's physical and mental health ________.

　　A．lies in the social medical care systems which support them

　　B．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

　　C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

　　D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes

　　【答案与解析】　B　推断题。从第 1 段的最后一句话可以做出正确判断。

　　38．Which of the following is closest meaning to the underlined word “cushions”？

　　A．Takes place of.

　　B．Makes up of.

　　C．Lessens the effect of.

　　D．Gets rid of.

　　【答案与解析】　C　词义推测题。文章第2段告诉我们人与人之间互相支持和帮助可以从几个方面缓解人的压力。注意文章最后一句中的 reduce 与选项C中的 lessen 意思相近。

　　39．Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of ________.

　　A．instrumental support

　　B．informational support

　　C．social companionship

　　D．the strengthening of self－respect

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。从文章第 2 段内容，采用排除法，可以得知答案为C项。

　　B

　　Goldie's Secret

　　She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We're moving house.” “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

　　I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire.

　　That's why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn't hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.

　　By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. “We didn't know what had happened to her，” said the woman at the door. “I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.” “She must have tried to come back to them and got lost，” added a boy from behind her.

　　I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I've got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I've learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.

　　40．How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?

　　A．Shocked.

　　B．Sympathetic.

　　C．Annoyed.

　　D．Upset.

　　【答案与解析】　B　推断题。根据第1段内容，特别是第4句以及作者列举的人们遗弃动物的几个理由，可以推断出答案。

　　41．In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie ________.

　　A．felt worried

　　B．was angry

　　C．ate a little

　　D．sat by the fire

　　【答案与解析】　A　细节题。根据第2段第3句“She was so unsettled during those first few days”可知，最初的几天，这只狗很不安定，忧心忡忡的样子。

　　42．Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she

　　________.

　　A．saw her puppies

　　B．heard familiar barking

　　C．wanted to leave the author

　　D．found her way to her old home

　　【答案与解析】　D　细节题。根据倒数第2段内容可知，Goldie挣脱了作者，向一座农舍跑去，因为它找到了回家的路。

　　43．The passage is organized in order of ________.

　　A．time

　　B．effectiveness

　　C．importance

　　D．complexity

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。通读全文可知，文章是按照时间顺序展开的。

　　C

　　The China Daily newspaper group is looking for English－language senior business editors, senior copy editors, copy editors and graphic designers to strengthen its international team. We offer a competitive salary package, free accommodation with utilities paid for, 90 per cent medical reimbursement, a seven－day paid leave, eleven－day public holidays and a return ticket to the country of residence.

　　Senior Business Editor

　　You must：

　　assist the business editor in setting goals and working on achieving them；

　　be an excellent team person who can generate ideas and think creatively and be able to rewrite totally if needed and mentor junior staff；

　　ideally have been working or have worked in a position of responsibility and understand what leadership entails；

　　have had at least five years' editing experience working on editing the Business Desk and be familiar with industry software.

　　Senior Copy Editor

　　You must：

　　work on shifts in the Business Desk and usually have the last word before the page is sent to print；

　　edit or rewrite copy and give snappy headlines and captions；

　　have had at least two years' editing experience working on editing desks and be familiar with industry software.

　　Copy Editor

　　You must：

　　be good at editing or rewriting copy and writing snappy headlines and captions；

　　be able to work on shifts for different pages，and usually have the last word before the page is sent to print；

　　have two years of editing experience working on copy desks，and be familiar with industry software.

　　Graphic Designer

　　You must：

　　have excellent skills in information graphics；

　　be good at illustrations and freehand drawings；

　　be experienced in newspaper or magazine layouts；

　　have a good sense of typography；

　　have good news judgment；

　　be well versed with Macintosh software，including InDesign，Illustrator and Photoshop；

　　be fluent in English.

　　For enquiries or to apply, write to job_@_chinadaily.com.cn.

　　44．What is the purpose of this passage?

　　A．To describe the positions of the China Daily newspaper group.

　　B．To describe the working conditions of the China Daily newspaper group.

　　C．To advertise for recruiting some good employees.

　　D．To tell you how to become part of this group.

　　【答案与解析】　C　主旨题。纵观全文，尤其是文章的第1段可以看出，这是一则广告，其目的就是向社会公开招聘English－language senior business editors，senior copy editors，copy editors and graphic designers 4个岗位上的员工。

　　45.What is not required about Graphic Designer?

　　A．Be well－versed with Photoshop.

　　B．Have excellent skills in information graphics.

　　C．Having a good sense of typography.

　　D．Writing snappy headlines and captions.

　　【答案与解析】　D　细节题。由Graphic Designer的招聘要求可以看出：Writing snappy headlines and captions并非Graphic Designer所要求具备的。

　　46．How many positions need editing experience?

　　A．2.

　　B．1.C．3.

　　D．4.

　　【答案与解析】　C　细节题。前三个职位的叙述中都提到了对“editing experience”的要求，只有最后一个岗位没有这方面的要求。

　　47．Which can be the title of the advertisement?

　　A．China Daily：New Employees Wanted

　　B．China Daily：Newspaper

　　C．China Daily：An International Team

　　D．China Daily：The Best Working Condition

　　【答案与解析】　A　推断题。文章第1段已点明了文章的主旨与目的，就是要招聘人员，所以A项所说的“中国日报社招聘员工”最能概括全文的大意，故可排除其他三项。

　　D

　　If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

　　According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the

　　area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

　　The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.

　　A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of 5, as well as a number of later learners.

　　Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference it will be.

　　“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.

　　It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

　　Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的)，”he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

　　The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.

　　48．The main subject talked about in this passage is ________.

　　A．science on learning a second language

　　B．man's ability of learning a second language

　　C．language can help brain power

　　D．language learning and maths study

　　【答案与解析】　C　主旨题。作者在本文第1段中就提出了本文的主题，然后下文围绕这一主题进行深入地阐述，即“语言学习可以提高你的智力”。

　　49．In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to________.

　　A．say language is also a kind of physical labor

　　B．prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language

　　C．show the importance of using the language when you learn the language

　　D．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well

　　【答案与解析】　D　推断题。作者在这一段里把语言学习对大脑的促进作用比作体育锻炼能促进肌肉健全的促进作用，就是为了说明语言学习对大脑的促进有类似的作用。

　　50．The underlined word “bilingual” probably means ________.

　　A．a researcher on language learning

　　B．a second language learner

　　C．a person who can speak two languages

　　D．an active language learner

　　【答案与解析】　C　词义猜测题。根据本词后的解释“They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners”可知其意思应是“a person who can speak two languages”。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　What should you do when your parents become angrily? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation with them about it. Remembering not to shout at them. They usually will try to change. But they will take some times to change because they always get angry, and that is all they know. You might have to change for your method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your parents that they don't expect—like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floors. If this doesn't work, bring in

　　friend that you feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.

　　【答案】　1.第1句angrily→angry　2.第2句got→get　3.第3句Remembering→Remember　4.第5句第1个they→it　5.第5句times→time　6.第6句去掉for　7.第7句any→some　8.第7句clean→cleaning　9.第8句friend前加a

　　10．第8句comfortable后加with

　　Ⅴ.书面表达(2010浙江省五校高三第二次联考)

　　在紧张的高三备考阶段，英语王老师为了提高复习效率，广泛征求学生意见，并借此训练学生的书面表达能力。假如你叫张华，请根据以下提示，给老师写封信，表达你的需求和建议。

　　1．为夯实基础，适当放慢进度，留出思考和消化的时间；

　　2．请反复训练易错的知识点，提供典型试题；

　　3．指导写作方面的方法；

　　4．精选回家作业，减少作业量；

　　5．…… (个人补充)

　　注意：1.短文必须包括以上要点以及个人的补充要求或建议，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；

　　2．词数120左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Mr Wang，

　　Thank you for providing us with an opportunity to share our views.

　　In the course of the general revision，

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　【答案】

　　One possible version：

　　Dear Mr Wang，

　　Thank you for providing us with an opportunity to share our views.

　　In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation.So please slow down and make sure we have really mastered what we learn.Besides, we need

　　a little more time to think for ourselves and to digest.As for those confusing points where we often make mistakes, would you please provide us with typical exercises to practice more? Meanwhile, we need your guidance on writing, for example, how to think in English and write in idiomatic English.I still have another request: select exercises of high quality and assign us less homework.

　　By the way, as the examination is drawing near, we often feel frustrated, which has a very bad effect on our study.We would appreciate it if you would give us some encouragement from time to time.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua