2017届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修二Module 6
知识详解
① character n. 品质,性格;人物,角色;名誉;文字
(回归课本P52)As in the old wuxia stories,characters leap through the air every now and then,with beautiful,graceful movements,while audiences shout in surprise.
正如在古代武侠故事中一样,影片中的人物不时地在空中跳跃并做出许多优美的动作,观众看到这些时都发出惊叫。
【归纳总结】
①Girl as she is,she has a strong but gentle character.
尽管是个女孩,但她具有坚强而又温柔的性格。
②Liquids are different in character from both solids and gases.
液体的特性与固体和气体均不相同。
③ I can’t believe she lied to me-it seems so out of character.
我想不到她会对我撒谎,这不符合她的个性。
④For years,Mickey has been a character that the Disney Corp.dare not tamper with.
多年来,迪士尼集团一直不敢损害米奇这一角色。
【例句探源】
1.(高考湖北卷)Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.It may also be good for________building.
A.respect B.friendship
C.reputation
D.character
解析:选D。考查名词辨析。独自远足利于塑造性格,用character building表示“品格培养”。注意第二句中it指代的是第一句中的“Hiking by oneself”,其他选项不符合题意。
【即境活用】
2.He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his________was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A.temper
B.appearance
C.talent
D.character
解析:选D。考查词义辨析。temper表示“脾气”;appearance表示“外表”;talent表示“才能,天赋”;character表示“性格;品质”。本句意为“他证明自己是个真正的绅士,他的人格魅力当他同别人一起工作时体现得最明显。”
② argue vi. 争论,辩论
vt. 辩论;主张;说服;表明;证明
(回归课本P55)Do you ever
argue with your family about which TV programme to watch?
你曾和家人争论过要看哪个电视节目吗?
argument n.争论,辩论;论据,论点
argue about/on/over 辩论某事
argue with sb.与某人争吵
argue against反驳
argue sb.down驳倒某人,argue for赞成,为……而力争
argue sb.into...说服某人做……
argue sb.out of...说服某人不做某事
beyond argument 无可争辩的
【归纳总结】
①I
argued
her into
buying a new car.
我说服她买一辆新车。
② I’m not going to argue with you, but I think you’re wrong.
我不想和你争辩,但是我认为你错了。
③You can argue against extending the airport on the grounds of cost.
你可以以成本太高为理由反对扩建机场。
【例句探源】
3.He argued________smoking,and insisted that it was________argument that smoking was harmful to health.
A.for;beyond B.against;overC. for;over
D.against;beyond
解析:选D。argue for...表示“提出理由以支持……”,argue against表示“提出理由以反对……”;It is beyond argument that...是固定句式,表示“……是无可争辩的。”本句意为“他反对抽烟,并坚持认为抽烟有害身体健康是无可争辩的。”
【即境活用】
4.完成句子
We__________________________________(说服他采纳)the plan.
解析:考查argue sb.into doing sth.表示“说服某人干某事”的意思。
答案:argued him into adopting
③ occasionally adv. 偶尔;有时
(回归课本P54)
It has occasionally been done.这偶尔为之。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①
I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.
我习惯了乘飞机旅行,只是有一次把我吓坏了。
②I have
on occasion
visited her at home.
有时我去登门拜访她。
③More than once Dr.Standish had occasion to warn his son about his irresponsible behaviour.
对于儿子不负责任的行为,斯坦迪什博士不得不多次向他提出告诫。
④They marked the occasion with an openair concert.
他们举办露天音乐会来庆祝这个特别的时刻。
5.As he works in a remote area,he visits his parents only ________.
A.occasionally B.anxiouslyC.practically
D.urgently
解析:选A。句意:因为在一个偏远地区工作,他只偶尔看望一下父母。occasionally=sometimes,but not regularly and not often偶尔,间或;anxiously焦急地;practically几乎,实际地;urgently迫切地。依据语境可知A项正确。
【即境活用】
6.He was busy writing the story all the morning,pausing________to search for the right word.
A.occasionallyB.eventually
C.urgently
D.conveniently
解析:选A。occasionally“有时,偶尔”;eventually“最终”;urgently“迫切地,急切地”;conveniently“方便地,便利地”。根据句意“整个上午他都在忙于写那篇故事,偶尔停下来琢磨恰当的字眼。”可知,答案为A。
④ entertaining adj. 令人愉快的;有趣的
(回归课本P55)Do you agree or disagree that advertisements are entertaining?
你同意不同意广告有趣这一说法?
【归纳总结】
(1)entertain vt.使娱乐,使快乐;招待,款待
entertain sb.to sth.用……招待/款待某人
entertain sb.with sth.用……使某人快乐(2)entertainment n.娱乐,文娱节目;招待,款待
【例句探源】
①We thought that the new play was most entertaining.
我们认为这部新剧是非常有趣的。
②She enjoys cooking and often entertains her friends.
她喜欢做饭,经常招待她的朋友吃饭。
③The entertainment was provided by a folk band.
这个文娱节目由民歌乐队演出。
④He entertained us with a stream of anecdotes about the Yukon.
他讲了一连串有关育空地区的趣事引我们开心。
7.Chinese arts have won the________of a lot of overseas people.
A.enjoymentB.appreciation
C.entertainment
D.reputation
解析:选B。考查名词辨析。enjoyment“愉快,快乐”;appreciation“欣赏,赞赏,评价,感激”;entertainment“款待,娱乐”;reputation“名誉,名声”。句意:中国艺术受到许多海外人士的赞赏。由句意可知答案为B。
【即境活用】
8.完成句子
He______________________________reading all day long.
他整天以读书为乐。
答案:found an entertainment in
⑤ come out 出现;出版;开花;传出,透露;得某名次;合计
(回归课本P51) When did it come out?
这部影片是什么时候发行的?
【归纳总结】
come about 发生;产生
come after追赶或追逐
come by路过;偶然遇到;获得
come into use开始被投入使用
come over顺便访问;过来
come with与……一起供给;伴随
①My first novel came out while I was at college.
上大学时我的第一本小说出版了。
②It
came out that he had been telling lies.
后来才知道他一直在说谎。
③The photos from our trip didn’t come out.
我们旅行的照片冲洗的效果不好。
④The total cost comes out at $500.
总计费用为500美元。
【例句探源】
【即境活用】
9.The dictionary is being printed and it will soon________.
A.turn out B.come out
C.start out
D.go out
解析:选B。turn out 结果是;come out出版;start out 出发,动身;go out出去。根据句意“这本词典正在印刷当中,不久就会出版。”可知应选B。
10.It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it________that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A.came overB.came out
C.came about
D.came up
解析:选C。come about产生;发生;come over过来;顺便拜访;come out出现;出版;come up上来;走近;长出;被提出。根据句意“已经十点钟了,我不知道这么短的路程她怎么会迟到两个小时。”可知应选C。
⑥ care about 关心;顾虑;在乎
(回归课本P53) Brave,good and strong,Xiulian is the character we care about most.
我们最关注秀莲这个角色,她勇敢、善良、坚强。
【归纳总结】
take care当心
take care of照料,处理
undaer the care of在……的照料下,在……的保护下
with care小心,慎重
care for喜欢;照料
in care of由……转交
leave sth.to the care of sb.把……交托某人照料
①Jane does not
care about money.
简对钱不感兴趣。
②(高考重庆卷)I was certain that my agent didn’t care about my work,and he didn’t care about me.
我确信我的经纪人不关心我的工作,也不关心我。
③They didn’t
care about the expense.
他们对费用并不在意。
【例句探源】
care about,care for
两词组都可表示“对……担心”“关心”“喜欢”。
care about侧重“在乎,在意”常用于否定句表示无所谓的态度。
care for侧重“照料”“尊重”“愿意”。
①She doesn’t care for that colour.
②As an orphan,he is cared for by the local authorities.
③I don’t care about what people have said.
【易混辨析】
【即境活用】
11.Miss Fang is very good at________the sick,so she is quite popular among the patients.
A.caring forB.caring of
C.taking care
D.caring about
解析:选A。根据句意“方护士很擅长照顾病人,因此她很受病人的欢迎。”可知应选A。C选项应加of ;care about表示“在意;在乎;关心;担心”,与句意不符。
12.—Would you ________ a game of table tennis,Cathy?
—I’d love to,but I still have piles of homework to do.
A.care for B.care about
C.care to
D.take care of
解析:选A。care for“喜欢”;care about“在意,担忧”;care to“想要,愿意(to是不定式符号,其后接动词原形)”;take care of“照顾,照看”由语境可知A项切题。
⑦ to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶/吃惊的是
(回归课本P52)Now,to everyone’s surprise, Ang Lee,director of a number of excellent films,has made a martial arts film called Crouching Tiger,Hidden Dragon.
令每个人惊讶的是,曾经拍了许多优秀影片的导演李安,现在拍了一部名为《卧虎藏龙》的功夫片。
【归纳总结】
(2)be surprised at...对……感到惊讶
to one’s joy/delight令某人高兴的是……
to one’s horror令某人恐惧的是……
to one’s excitement令某人兴奋的是……
to one’s sadness令某人难过的是……
to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是……
to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是……
to one’s regret令某人遗憾的是……
to one’s relief令某人松了一口气的是……
①To my surprise,the door was unlocked.
令我惊讶的是门没有锁。
②To the surprise of me, he didn’t pass the exam.
令我感到吃惊的是,他没有通过考试。
③Much to my surprise,they offered me the job.
使我非常惊奇的是,他们把那份工作给了我。
【例句探源】
13.—Why do you look at me ________surprise?
—Because I am surprised________your news.
A.with;by B.in;at
C.at;for
D.on;with
解析:选B。考查固定短语in surprise和be surprised at...分别表示“惊讶地”和“对……感到惊讶”的意思。句意为“你为什么奇怪地看着我?”“因为我对你的消息感到惊讶。”
【即境活用】
14.________,his father allowed him to watch TV after supper.
A.In surpise
B.Surprised
C.To his surprise
D.Surprise
解析:选C。考查固定短语to one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”,本句意为“令他感到惊讶的是,他父亲允许他晚饭后看电视。”
句型梳理
① 【教材原句】 The action takes place on Peking rooftops,and in places as far away as the deserts of western China.(P52)
打斗的场景发生在北京的屋顶和远及中国西部的沙漠。
【句法分析】 本句中的as far away as表示“远至,一直到……”。一般写作as far as。此外,as far as 还可以表示“就……而言”。
①You can see as far as the coast.
极目远眺,你可以看到海岸。
②Aa far as I am concerned,that’s wrong.
在我看来,那是错误的。
③As far as I can tell, the whole thing should cost about £500.据我所知的情况来判断,整件事应该要花大约500英镑。
④As far as we all know,some 13,000 volunteers,across all age brackets,in seven provinces, have taken part in A (H1N1) vaccine test.
众所周知,来自7个省份,不同年龄层的约13,000名志愿者已经投入到甲流疫苗的测试工作中。
【即境活用】
15.(高考上海卷)In ancient times,people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled________the local market.
A.longer than
B.more than
C.as much as
D.as far as
解析:选D。根据动词travel可判断此处应填和距离有关的词组。as far as表示“远到……”符合语境要求。
16.(高考安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being,and we’ll offer you a larger one________it becomes available.
A.as soon as B.unless
C.as far as
D.until
解析:选A。句意:暂用这个房间吧,一有可能,我们就会马上给你提供一个大点的房子。本题考查连词。as soon as一……就……,引导时间状语从句。unless除非;as far as远到,至于;until直到。
② 【教材原句】 But it is generally agreed,that he,more than anyone else in the history of films,understands the meaning of the word “entertainment”.(P59)
但人们通常认为,他比电影史上任何一个人更能理解“娱乐”这个词的含义。
【句法分析】 it是形式主语,真正的主语是that he understands the meaning of the word“entertainment”这个主语从句。
①It is hoped that our children will carry on our family traditions.
期待我们的孩子能继承家族的传统。
②It is thought that the Prime Minister will visit Moscow next month.据估计首相将于下月访问莫斯科。
常见的it 作形式主语的句型归纳:
(1)名词性从句作主语时,可以用it充当形式主语,主要有以下几种结构:
It is +名词+从句:这样的名词主要有 a fact, a surprise,an honor,a pity等。
It is +形容词+从句:这样的形容词有 natural,true, strange,necessary,important,obvious,certain,wonderful, possible,impossible,likely等。
It +动词+从句:这样的动词有seem,happen,appear,look,matter,make,occur,(突然想起)等。
It +be+分词+从句:这样的分词主要有said,reported,believed,known,decided,proved,thought,expected,announced,arranged,hoped,agreed,amusing,puzzling等。
(2)it除了可以替代主语从句外,还可以替代动词不定式或动名词作主语。主要结构如下:
It is +adj./n.+(for sb.)to do sth....
It is no use/no good/useless doing sth....
③It is a pity that you missed the football match.
你错过了这场足球赛,太遗憾了!
④It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city.
我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗,这是一定的。
⑤It appeared that he had a taste for music.
看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。
⑥It was amusing that a rabbit ran out of the empty box on the desk.
桌上的空盒子里竟然跑出来一只兔子,太有趣了。
⑦It is a great pleasure to talk with her.
与她交谈是很快乐的事情。
⑧It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。/覆水难收。
17.(高考浙江卷)It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about,although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A.that
B.what
C.how
D.Whether
解析:选B。句意:尽管说已经有两千名病人服用了这种药品,但是,这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确。
【即境活用】
本题考查名词性从句。本题设空处须引导主语从句,that无实际意义,在从句中不作成份;what什么,在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语,还可修饰名词作定语;how如何,多么;在从句中作方式状语或修饰形容词;whether是否,在从句中作状语,不修饰名词。side effect 为名词短语,故须用what修饰。
18.It has been proved________eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
A.if
B.because
C.when
D.that
解析:选D。句意:业已证明童年时期多吃蔬菜有助于预防晚年时一些重病的发生。句中it 作形式主语,后面从句是真正的主语,从句结构完整,故用连接词that。
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