2017届高考英语一轮复习教案：8.5《Meeting your ancestors》（人教版选修8）

　　Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors

　　教 材 面 面 观

　　单词拓展1.________n．可能的选择　adj.供选择的；其他的

　　2．________n．挨饿；饿死　________v．挨饿；渴望

　　3．________vt. & vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止　________adj.中断的　________n．中断；打断

　　4．________adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的　________adv.敏锐地；深刻地

　　5．________vt.假定；设想　________adj.假定的；设想的　________n．假定；设想

　　6．________vi. & vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰　________n．磨具；削具

　　7．________adj.凌乱的；脏的　________n．凌乱；混乱

　　8．________n．分析　________(复数)分析　________vt.分析；分解　________n．分析者；化验员

　　9．________vt. & vi.使……成熟；成熟　________adj.熟的；成熟的

　　10．________n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义　________adj.重要的

　　11．________vt.删；删除

　　12．________vi. & vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏　________n．鼓掌欢迎；欢呼；喝彩

　　13．________vi. & vt.加速；促进　________n．加速；促进；加速度

　　14．________adj.快乐的；欢快的　________adv.快乐地；轻松地

　　15．________adj.有技巧的；熟练的　________adv.熟练地短语回顾1.________of不管；不顾

　　2．at________

　　至多；最多

　　3．cut________

　　切碎

　　4．________up with

　　受够了；饱受；厌烦

　　5．look________

　　向前看；为将来打算

　　6．date________

　　追溯到……

　　7．________on

　　集中

　　8．search________

　　寻找

　　9．take________to do sth.

　　轮流干某事

　　10．can't/couldn't________doing

　　禁不住干某事句型背诵1.We________ ________ ________layers of ash almost six metres thick，which suggests that they________ ________ ________the fire burning all winter.

　　我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚。这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。

　　2．Our evidence suggests that they________wear clothes made from animal skins.

　　我们的证据表明，他们确实穿着用动物皮制成的衣服。

　　3．________ ________it could be just like last year!

　　要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！

　　4．It ________ to have been made of bone.

　　这似乎是用骨头做的。

　　5．How about beginning with the alphabet?

　　我们从字母表开始怎么样？

　　自我诊断

　　单词拓展

　　1．alternative　2.starvation；starve　3.interrupt；interrupted；interruption　4.acute；acutely　5.assume；assumed；assumption　6.sharpen；sharpener　7.messy；mess

　　8．analysis；analyses；analyse；analyst　9.ripen；ripe

　　10．significance；significant　11.delete　12.applaud；applause

　　13．accelerate；acceleration　14.gay；gaily　15.skillful；skillfully

　　短语回顾

　　1．regardless　2.most　3.up　4.fed　5.ahead　6.back

　　7．concentrate　8.for　9.turns　10.help

　　句型背诵

　　1．have been excavating；might have kept　2.did　3.If only　4.seems

　　考 点 串 串 讲

　　重点单词1.interrupt v．中断，插嘴，妨碍；打断

　　Don't interrupt me，children.

　　孩子们，别打断我的话。

　　Go on.I don't want to interrupt you.

　　说下去，我不想打断你说话。

　　●用法拓展

　　interruption n．中止；障碍物；阻碍；打扰，干扰

　　The rain continued without interruption all day.

　　雨整天下个不停。

　　Constant interruptions interfere with my work.

　　一次又一次的干扰妨碍我的工作。

　　interruptive adj.中断的；打扰的；阻碍的

　　interrupted adj.中断的；不对称的即境活用翻译句子

　　我不想打断你。请把你的故事讲下去。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：I don't want to interrupt you.Go on with your story.

　　2．sharpen v．使……尖锐，变为锐利

　　My pencil is blunt，could you lend me a knife to sharpen it?

　　我的铅笔钝了，你能借我把刀子削一削吗？

　　The soldiers sharpened up their knives.

　　战士们把刀磨得锋利。

　　Generations of urban living sharpened their wits.

　　世代居住在城市里磨练了他们的才智。

　　●用法拓展

　　一些词加上后缀­en构成动词：

　　sharp锋利的—sharpen v．使……尖锐，变为锐利

　　deep adj.深的—deepen v．加深；深化

　　wide adj.宽的，普遍的，广阔的—widen v．弄宽，扩大，加宽；变宽，扩大

　　strong adj.强壮的，强大的；坚强的—strengthen v．加强，变坚固；变强大

　　sharp

　　n．高调，利刃，内行

　　v．提高半音；升音演唱

　　adj.锐利的，明显的，锋利的

　　adv.整，急速地，锐利地即境活用根据不同的语境，说出下面句子中sharp的意思

　　①The lecture started at three o'clock sharp.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　②She's got a sharp tongue.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①三点整　②说话很刻薄　

　　3．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的；n.可能的选择

　　We had to go on，because there was no(other)alternative.

　　我们只能继续下去，因为没有其他的选择。

　　The way was blocked，so I went by an alternative road.

　　这条路被挡住了，因此我走了另一条。

　　●用法拓展

　　alternative energy可替代能源

　　an alternative to...……的替代品

　　have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做……

　　Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?

　　你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？

　　The soldiers has no alternative but to fight till the victory.

　　战士们没有选择余地，只有战斗到胜利。

　　●易混辨析

　　alternative/choice

　　①alternative一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。

　　②choice泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择，指选择，挑选，抉择。

　　The store offers a wide choice of fruits and vegetables.

　　商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。

　　You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；those are the two alternatives.

　　你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。

　　4．assume vt.假定；设想

　　Don't always assume the worst.

　　别总往最坏处想。

　　It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.

　　普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。

　　●用法拓展

　　assume vt.臆断；承担；担任；呈现

　　assume＋名词＋(to be)＋adj.以为……是……

　　assume＋that­clause认为……

　　It is assumed that...……被认为

　　assumption n．假定，假设

　　make an assumption 认为，假定

　　on the assumption that假定

　　We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.

　　尚未证实他有罪，就得假定他是清白的。

　　The court assumed the responsibility for the girl's welfare.

　　法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。

　　We can all leave together assuming(that)the others aren't late.

　　我们大家可以一起走——假定其他人不耽搁的话。

　　●易混辨析

　　assume，guess和imagine

　　①assume假设，设想，认为；指很少或完全无根据的心理推测，并非合乎逻辑的推理，或指为论证而提出有一定根据的假设。

　　②guess猜测，猜想，最常用词 ，指毫无根据仅凭个人臆断或碰运气的猜测。

　　③imagine想象，指毫无根据、随意想象可在脑海中构成的清晰的明确的图像。

　　We cannot assume anything in this case.

　　在这种情形下我们无法作任何揣测。

　　Can you guess(at)the price?

　　你能猜猜价钱是多少吗？

　　I can imagine the scene quite clearly.

　　我能很清楚地想象出那个情景。即境活用单项填空

　　①In a typhoon，winds________a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.

　　A．assume　B．accomplish

　　C．attain

　　D．assemble

　　②It isn't reasonable to________that a criminal will consider the results of his actions before committing a criminal act.

　　A．evaluate

　　B．scold

　　C．condemn

　　D．assume

　　答案：①C　②D　

　　5．relief n．[U]减轻；解除；慰藉；救济；接替

　　●用法拓展

　　give a patient relief from pain使病人减轻痛苦

　　to my great relief使我大为欣喜(放心)的是

　　much to one's relief(＝to one's great relief)使某人大为放心的是，使某人深感宽慰的是

　　on relief接受救济的

　　for the relief of为了救济……

　　provide relief for refugees救济难民

　　relieve vt.解除，减轻，缓和

　　relieve sb. from anxiety消除某人的忧虑

　　relieve sb. of解除某人的(负担等)；减轻某人的(痛苦等)即境活用单项填空

　　To our________，his illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

　　A．relief

　　B．judgement

　　C．view

　　D．anxiety

　　答案：A

　　6．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；vt.逮捕；吸引

　　①Her laughter arrested our attention and we all stared at her.

　　她的笑声吸引了我们的注意，我们都盯着她看。

　　②They are trying to make a new medicine to arrest the spread of the disease.

　　他们正试图研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)arrest sb. for因……而逮捕某人

　　(2)get arrested遭逮捕

　　(3)arrest one's attention引起注意

　　(4)under arrest被捕

　　(5)make an arrest进行拘捕

　　①Embry was arrested for stealing cars.

　　恩布里因为偷车而被捕了。

　　②He was placed under house arrest in 1995.

　　他在1995年被软禁。

　　③The police expected to make an arrest soon.

　　警方很快就会进行拘捕。即境活用单项填空

　　Her friend I referred to just now was ________ for fraud.

　　A．suspectedB．charged

　　C．accused

　　D．arrested

　　答案：D　

　　重点短语

　　1.cut up切开；切碎；抨击

　　Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.

　　把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。

　　The article was severely cut up by some critics.

　　那篇文章曾受到一些评论家严厉的抨击。

　　She was badly cut up when she failed.

　　她失败后感到非常痛心。

　　●用法拓展

　　cut in插嘴，插入，把……插进

　　cut down削减；砍倒；缩短

　　cut through抄近路走过，刺穿

　　cut out删去即境活用用cut的相关短语填空

　　①Don't try to________while others are talking.

　　②We must________on the amount of material we use.

　　③Let's take a short________the fields.

　　④________all the vulgar expressions.

　　答案：①cut in　②cut down　③cut through　④Cut out

　　2．look ahead 往远处看，计划未来；预测未来

　　We must look ahead before we make a decision.

　　我们作出决定之前必须想得远一点。

　　As I look ahead to the 21st century—to your century—I also see one world.

　　在我展望21世纪时，也就是展望你们的世纪时，我同样看到了一个大同世界。

　　We should look ahead and spare a thought for future generations.

　　我们应该向前看，应该多为后代着想。

　　●用法拓展

　　关于look的常用短语：

　　look after目送；照顾；寻求

　　look down on轻视；看不起

　　look forward to期望；盼望

　　look into调查，观察

　　look out留神，注意

　　look out for留神，防备

　　look up查阅即境活用用look的相关短语填空

　　①Who will________your children while you go out to work?

　　②You should________the right pronunciation of this word in the dictionary.

　　③Police will be________trouble­makers at today's match.

　　④I________paying you a visit next week.

　　⑤A working party has been set up to________the problem.

　　⑥I wish you wouldn't________this kind of work.

　　答案：①look after　②look up　③looking out for　④look forward to　⑤look into　⑥look down on

　　3．regardless of不顾；不管怎样

　　The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religion，or sex.

　　这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别。

　　Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions.

　　不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵守他的决定。

　　●用法拓展

　　①regardless of相当于without worrying about/taking account of。

　　②regardless of和in spite of，disregarding“不管，不顾”，意义和用法相同，区别不大。

　　They decorate the house regardless of cost.

　　他们不惜工本装修这栋房子。

　　All our proposals were rejected，regardless of their merits.

　　我们所有的建议都遭到拒绝，不管这些建议的价值。即境活用单项填空

　　①Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware________price.

　　A．not to mention

　　B．in addition to

　　C．on account of

　　D．regardless of

　　②________the weather，the sports meet will be held on time.

　　A．Instead of

　　B．In relation to

　　C．Regardless of

　　D．In favor of

　　答案：①D　②C　

　　4．if only若是……那该多好啊；真希望……；要是……就好了

　　●用法拓展

　　if only有两种主要用法：

　　①表示目前较难实现的愿望时使用if only sb.＋did/were sth.或if only sb. could/would do/be sth.结构。

　　②表示与过去事实相反的愿望时使用if only sb. had done/been sth.或if only sb. could have done sth.的结构。

　　●易混辨析

　　if only与only if

　　①if only但愿……，要是……就好了，常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。

　　If only I were younger!

　　要是我年轻点就好了！

　　②only if只要……，引导陈述语气的真实条件句，重点在only上。

　　Only if you study hard，you will pass the test.

　　只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。即境活用单项填空

　　—Look at the black clouds.It________soon.

　　—Sure.If only we________out.

　　A．is raining；did't come

　　B．is to rain；won't start

　　C．will rain；haven't started

　　D．is going to rain；hadn't come

　　答案：D　

　　5．be fed up with厌烦

　　She's fed up with being her husband's stooge.

　　她再也不愿意当丈夫的附属品了。

　　He got fed up with his job and chucked it in.

　　他对那份工作感到厌倦，辞掉不干了。

　　I'm fed up with waiting for her to telephone.

　　我等她的电话都等得不耐烦了。

　　●归纳延伸

　　be fed up to the back teeth极其讨厌

　　(同)be tired of/be bored with厌烦即境活用翻译句子

　　①我对于老板不停的抱怨，我已经听得烦不胜烦。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　②对她那些游手好闲的儿子，她已经是忍无可忍了。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①I was fed up with my boss's constant complaints.

　　②She was fed up with her do­nothing sons.　

　　重点句式

　　1.We have been excavating here for many years and...

　　我们已经挖掘这里多年了，并且……

　　句中的have been doing是现在完成进行时

　　完成进行时是现在完成时的强调形式，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去，通常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：for hours，since this morning等，其构成是have/has＋been＋现在分词。

　　I have been looking for my lost book for three days，but I still haven't found it.

　　我已经花了三天的时间找我丢失的书，但还没有找到。

　　注意　现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：

　　①二者都可以表示动作的延续，区别在于：前者更强调动作的延续性，可以说是后者的强调形式。

　　We have been living here for ten years.(强调还要继续住下去)

　　We have lived here for ten years.(不知道是否已经结束)

　　②在无时间状语的情况下，前者表示动作仍在进行，而后者则表示动作在过去已结束。

　　The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)

　　The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)即境活用单项填空

　　The two countries________to maintain their military equation for many years.

　　A．tried

　　B．was trying

　　C．have tried

　　D．have been trying

　　答案：D

　　2．Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made from animal skins.

　　我们的证据表明，他们确实穿着动物皮制成的衣服。

　　句中的suggest含义为“暗示，表明”，后面接从句时不用虚拟语气。

　　His pale face suggests he is in bad health.

　　他面色苍白，说明他身体不好。

　　当suggest含义为“建议，提出”时，后面跟从句时要用虚拟语气that sb. should do。

　　I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.

　　我建议我们星期天去公园。

　　I suggested to him that we should handle the problem another way.

　　我向他建议我们用另一种方式处理这个问题。

　　The dentist suggested that she(should)come another day.

　　牙医建议她改天再来。即境活用单项填空

　　①The suggestion that the mayor________the prizes was accepted by everyone.

　　A．would present

　　B．present

　　C．presents

　　D．ought to present

　　②Peter，who had been driving all day，suggested________at the next town.

　　A．to stop

　　B．stopping

　　C．stop

　　D．having stopped

　　答案：①B　②B　

　　3．It seems to have been made of bone.

　　这似乎是用骨头做的。

　　sb. seems to do sth.表示“某人似乎做某事”的意思。注意动词不定式的时态和语态要根据和seem间的时间关系以及和主语之间的逻辑关系来判断。

　　The noise seems to be coming from the room.

　　噪音似乎来自那个房间。

　　He seems to have heard of it somewhere.

　　他好像在什么地方听说过这件事。

　　He seemed to have been hurt in the accident.

　　他似乎在事故中受了伤。

　　●用法拓展

　　It seems that...“似乎/好像……”是主语从句的常用句型结构。It为形式主语，that从句为实际主语。

　　It seems that they might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the animals.

　　他们似乎使用磨的锋利的石器来分解动物。

　　It seems that nobody can cure me of smoking.

　　似乎没有人能使我戒烟。

　　即境活用单项填空

　　①I'd rather read than watch television；the programs seem________all the time.

　　A．to get worse

　　B．to have got worse

　　C．that it is getting worse

　　D．to be getting worse

　　②When I try to understand________it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect，it seems to me________there are quite a few causes.

　　A．why；that

　　B．which；as

　　C．what；that

　　D．whether；since

　　答案：①D　②C　

　　4．How about beginning with the alphabet...?

　　我们从字母表开始怎么样？

　　How about/What about(doing) sth.？是用来征求别人意见的句式结构。表示“你认为做某事怎么样？”的意思。

　　①What about his qualifications for the job?

　　他有资格做这件工作吗？

　　②How about going to France for our holidays?

　　咱们到法国去度假好吗？即境活用单项填空

　　①—Hi, Jack! I'm glad I came across you here.

　　—________， Alice?

　　A．Who is that speaking

　　B．How about another cup of tea

　　C．Why? What's up

　　D．What can I do for you

　　②—How about ________ we go to the concert after dinner?

　　—Sounds a good idea!

　　A．when

　　B．if

　　C．whether

　　D．that

　　答案：①C　②B　

　　知 能 层 层 练

　　一、单项填空

　　1．Not having enough to eat，many died from________in the search for the new land.

　　A．hungry

　　B．thirst

　　C．strategy

　　D．starvation

　　答案：D

　　解析：根据not having enough to eat可知许多人死于饥饿，可排除B、C项；A项hungry为形容词，所以选D项。

　　2．________his wife's strong objection，the husband insisted on putting all the money they had into the stock market，which almost drove her crazy.

　　A．Regardless of

　　B．In relation to

　　C．On behalf of

　　D．In memory of

　　答案：A

　　解析：regardless of“不管，不顾”。

　　3．She tried to explain what had happened but he________her several times.

　　A．bothered

　　B．spoiled

　　C．cut

　　D．interrupted

　　答案：D

　　解析：interrupt“打断；插话”。bother“麻烦”；spoil“宠坏”；cut“切”。

　　4．Let's________that there is a selection this month.What is the result likely to be，given the latest opinion polls?

　　A．assume

　　B．announce

　　C．assist

　　D．approve

　　答案：A

　　解析：assume“假定；设想”，符合题意。

　　5．He was________when customs officers found drugs in his bag.

　　A．argued

　　B．fought

　　C．persuaded

　　D．arrested

　　答案：D

　　解析：arrest“逮捕”符合题意。argue“争论”；fight“打架”；persuade“说服”。

　　6．—I wonder if you are satisfied with my proposal.

　　—But I prefer to see a(n)________one before making a decision.

　　A．alternative

　　B．another

　　C．other

　　D．others

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据句子意思可知回答者希望能有选择的余地再做决定，可与one搭配的只有alternative。another前不需要冠词。

　　7．The origin of Chinese culture________more than 5 000 years ago.

　　A．is dated back to

　　B．dates back to

　　C．is dated from

　　D．dates back

　　答案：B

　　解析：more than 5 000 years ago是时间点而不是时间段，故排除D项。date back to还可以用date from来表示，它们都无进行时态和被动语态，故选B项。

　　8．This is of no practical________at present，but such a prospect is not impossible.

　　A．quantity

　　B．significance

　　C．character

　　D．fashion

　　答案：B

　　解析：be of no significance“无关紧要的”。

　　9．Everyone should________and save a little money each year for when he retires.

　　A．look forward

　　B．look up

　　C．look ahead

　　D．look into

　　答案：C

　　解析：look ahead“为将来打算”，符合题意。look forward“期望”；look up“向上看”；look into“调查”。

　　10．—I just heard the tickets for tonight's film have been sold out.

　　—Oh，no！________.

　　A．It's not at all interesting

　　B．It doesn't matter

　　C．I was looking forward to that

　　D．I know

　　答案：C

　　解析：题意：“今天晚上的电影票已经卖完了。”“哦，不！我一直盼着呢！”只有C项能表达说话者的迫切的心情。

　　二、根据句意，用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空

　　1．This new discovery of oil is of great ________ to the country's economy.

　　2．Sharpen the knife before ________ the meat.

　　3．You wouldn't have made such a decision if you had ________ at the time.

　　4．All the professors are satisfied with his plan because it is very ________.

　　5．I have decided to have the house beautifully decorated, ________ the cost.

　　6．Be quiet! It is not polite to ________ people when they are talking.

　　7．In winter, people wear thick heavy clothes to help ________ the cold.

　　8．There is a need to ________ the focus of the discussion.

　　9．They questioned the ________ of the information in the file.

　　10．The conference rose to ________ the speaker.

　　答案：1.significance　2.cutting up　3.looked ahead

　　4．systematic　5.regardless of　6.interrupt　7.keep out

　　8．sharpen　9.accuracy　10.applaud

　　三、完成句子

　　1．________ ________ ________(令我欣慰的是)my little son was found safe and well.

　　2．He was ________ ________ ________(情绪低落)after he lost his job.

　　3．He was endlessly kind and very ________ ________(耐心)children.

　　4．David ________ ________(插嘴) to ask if anyone would have a drink.

　　5．I am ________ ________ ________(厌倦) his complaints.

　　答案：1.To my relief　2.in low spirits　3.patient with

　　4．cut in　5.fed up with