2017届高考英语一轮复习教案：5.2《The United Kingdom》（人教版必修5）

　　Unit 2　The United Kingdom

　　教 材 面 面 观

　　单词拓展

　　1.________vi. & vt.联合；团结　________adj.联合的；团结的；统一的　________n．团结；联合；统一

　　2．________vt.组成；在于；一致　________n．一致性；连贯性

　　________adj.一致的

　　3．________vt.澄清；阐明　________n．清楚；明晰；清澈

　　4．________vt.完成；达到；实现　________n．完成；成就

　　5．________n．便利；方便　________adj.便利的；方便的；合适的　________adj.不方便的；不合适的

　　6．________vt.吸引；引起注意　________n．吸引；吸引力　________adj.有吸引力的；引起兴趣的

　　7．________n．描写；描述　________vt.描写；描述

　　8．________prep.加上；和　adj.加的；正的；零上的

　　9．________n．争吵；争论；吵架　________vi.争吵；吵架　________adj.好争吵的；好争论的

　　10．________vt.筹备；安排；整理　________n．安排；整理

　　11．________vt.折叠；对折

　　12．________n．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜　________adj.高兴的；快乐的　________adj.令人高兴的；使人快乐的

　　13．________vt.使激动；使胆战心惊

　　14．________n．错误；过失；谬误

　　15．________n．时态短语回顾1.consist________　由……组成

　　2．________away(from)

　　挣脱(束缚)；脱离

　　3．leave________

　　省去；遗漏；不考虑

　　4．________the place of

　　代替

　　5．________...into

　　把……分成

　　6．________one's credit

　　为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下

　　7．break________

　　(机器)损坏；破坏

　　8．________memory of

　　为了纪念

　　9．leave________

　　动身去某地

　　10．be________show

　　展览句型背诵1.Now when people refer to England you________Wales________as well.

　　如今当有人提到英格兰的时候，你会发现威尔士也是包括在内的。

　　2．________seemed strange________the man who had developed communism________have lived and died in London.

　　这似乎是一件怪事，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦过世。

　　3．However, just as they were going to get Ireland ________ to form the United Kingdom, the southern part of that country broke away to form its own government.

　　然而，正当他们打算把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家联合起来以形成联合王国的时候，爱尔兰的南部却分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。

　　4．Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had ________ standing for one thousand years.

　　真是太棒了！这个坚实的用石头砌的方形塔已经屹立在那儿一千年了。

　　5．It looked splendid when first ________！

　　刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！

　　自我诊断

　　单词拓展

　　1．unite；united；unity　2.consist；consistence/consistency；consistent　3.clarify；clarity　4.accomplish；accomplishment

　　5．convenience；convenient；inconvenient　6.attract；attraction；attractive　7.description；describe　8.plus　9.quarrel；quarrel；quarrelsome　10.arrange；arrangement　11.fold　12.delight；delighted；delightful　13.thrill　14.error　15.tense

　　短语回顾

　　1．of　2.break　3.out　4.take　5.divide　6.to　7.down　8.in　9.for　10.on

　　句型背诵

　　1．find；included　2.It；that；should　3.connected

　　4．remained　5.built考 点 串 串 讲重点单词

　　1.debate n．&v.争论；辩论

　　The government is debating the education laws.

　　政府正在就教育法进行辩论。

　　He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend.

　　他在考虑去散步还是去访友。

　　His conclusions are hotly debated among academics.

　　他的结论在学术界引起了热烈的辩论。

　　●用法拓展

　　debate whether/what/how/who etc讨论，辩论；反复考虑，斟酌

　　debate on/about/over对……的讨论，辩论

　　open the debate率先发言

　　fierce/heated debate激烈的/热烈的讨论/辩论

　　be open to debate＝be a matter for debate有待于讨论

　　under debate在讨论中

　　●易混辨析

　　debate，argue，discuss与quarrel

　　四者都含有一定的“争论”之意。

　　debate多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论，双方各自陈述理由，“交锋”“往返回合”的意味较强。例如：

　　The candidates agreed to debate the campaign issues face to face.

　　候选人都同意就竞选问题进行面对面的辩论。

　　argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方(argue with sb. about/over sth.)。例如：

　　The speaker argued that more immigrants should be admitted to the country.

　　讲演者举出理由证明应该允许更多的移民入境。

　　discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论，磋商。例如：

　　“Men are never so likely to settle a question rightly as when they discuss it freely.”(Macaulay)

　　“只有自由讨论才最有可能解决问题”。(麦考利)

　　quarrel争吵，争论，含与人发生口角的意思。例如：

　　Those children are always quarreling over little things.

　　那些孩子们总是为小事而争吵。即境活用单项填空

　　①The whole nation watched the two candidates________the issue of raising taxes on TV.

　　A．debate　B．argue

　　C．discuss

　　D．quarrel

　　完成句子

　　②I am not feeling well and am________(考虑是否去上学)．

　　③There has been________(激烈的讨论)the issue.

　　答案：①A

　　②debating whether to go to school

　　③a heated/intense debate on/over/about

　　2．influence n．影响；感化；势力；有影响的人(事)vt.影响；改变

　　My teacher's influence made me study science at college.

　　由于我老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。

　　Claude's work had a major influence on generations of musicians.

　　克劳德的作品对几代音乐家都产生过重要影响。

　　What influenced you to take the job?

　　是什么影响你接受这份工作？

　　●用法拓展

　　have an influence on对……产生影响

　　under the influence of在……的影响下

　　be a bad/good influence on对……是坏/好的影响

　　influence sb. to do影响某人去做某事

　　●易混辨析

　　influence，affect与effect

　　三者均可表示“影响”。

　　influence表示“影响”，主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。如：

　　What you read influences your thinking.

　　你读的东西对你的思想有影响。

　　affect vt.主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响。

　　effect n. affect＝have an effect on.如：

　　To affect a policy is to have an effect on it.

　　影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。

　　注意：effect有时虽用作动词(及物)，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。如：

　　He effected great changes in the company.

　　他使公司发生了巨大的变化。即境活用完成句子

　　①Television has________(有巨大的影响)children.

　　②My teacher________(影响我决定)study science.

　　③A lot of teenagers are crazy about basketball________(在……影响下)Yao Ming.

　　答案：①a great influence on

　　②influenced my decision to

　　③under the influence of

　　3．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理

　　Her parents arranged a big party for her twentieth birthday.

　　她父母为她的20岁生日安排了一个大型派对。

　　●用法拓展

　　arrange sth.安排；布置；整理；筹备

　　arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事

　　arrange for sth.为……安排

　　arrange＋n.＋for＋n.为……安排……

　　arrange(for sb./sth.)to do sth.安排(某人/某物)做某事

　　arrange with sb. to do sth.和某人商定做某事

　　It is/was arranged＋that从句　据约定/安排……

　　arrangement n．安排；筹备

　　make arrangements for安排好……

　　come to an arrangement达成协议

　　During the summer holiday，they arranged for the journey.

　　暑假期间他们为旅行作了安排。

　　Will you arrange an appointment for me with your boss?

　　请你安排我和你的老板见一次面好吗？

　　It was arranged that I would leave and Oliver would come in July.

　　据安排我将离开，而奥立佛将于七月份来。即境活用单项填空

　　①I have arranged________a car to pick you up at 10 o'clock.

　　A．with

　　B．for

　　C．in

　　D．on

　　②—I hear that you will be on travel again.

　　—Yeah.My boss________for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.

　　A．asked

　　B．arranged

　　C．sent

　　D．called

　　答案：①B　②B　

　　4．convenience n．便利；方便

　　●用法拓展

　　at one's convenience在某人方便的时候

　　for convenience为了方便起见

　　if it suits one's convenience如果对某人方便

　　be convenient for sb./sth.对于……方便

　　●特别提醒

　　表示某人方便做某事时，不能用人作主语；也不能用It is convenient of sb. to do sth.；应用It is convenient for sb. to do sth.。即境活用单项填空

　　①I will come to pay a visit to you if________this weekend.

　　A．you're convenient

　　B．it is convenient for you

　　C．you feel convenient

　　D．it is convenient with you

　　②Our new house is very________for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.

　　A．adaptable

　　B．comfortable

　　C．convenient

　　D．available

　　答案：①B　convenient多用it来充当形式主语，不用人作主语，排除A、C两项；再由结构“it is convenient for sb. to do sth.”可知选B项。

　　②C　adaptable“能适应的，适应性强的”；comfortable“舒适的”；convenient“方便的，便利的”；available“可获得的，可得到的”。根据句意应选C。

　　5．thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊

　　①His music thrills the audience.

　　他的音乐令观众激动。

　　②It thrilled Sara to learn that the visitor was a member of the Royal Family.

　　使萨拉感到激动的是来访者是皇家的一名成员。

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)thrill n．兴奋，激动；恐怖；令人激动的事情。

　　(2)thrilled adj.感到激动的(very excited，happy, and pleased)

　　(3)thrilling adj.毛骨悚然的；颤动的；发抖的；令人激动的(interesting and exciting)

　　(4)a thrill of joy/horror一阵喜悦/恐慌

　　(5)thrill with joy因喜悦而激动

　　(6)(the) thrills and spills 紧张和刺激

　　①Flying is still a tremendous thrill for me.

　　坐飞机对我来说仍然是件恐怖的事情。

　　②Winning the first place must have been quite a thrill.

　　赢得第一名是件令人激动的事情。

　　③His music is thrilling.

　　他的音乐令人激动。即境活用单项填空

　　I'm absolutely ________ that you are coming.

　　A．thrillingB．thrilled

　　C．delighting

　　D．enjoyable

　　答案：B　

　　6．delight n．快乐，高兴，喜悦　vt. & vi.(使)高兴，(使)欣喜

　　delight in (doing) sth.以某事为乐(尤指不该做的事)

　　to one's delight令某人高兴的是

　　take/find/have delight in喜好；以……为乐

　　with/in delight高兴地

　　It's a delight to do sth.做某事是令人愉快的

　　①Chris delights in teasing his sister.

　　克里斯特别喜欢戏弄他妹妹。

　　②Much to our delight, everything goes well.

　　使我们高兴的是，一切进展顺利。

　　③People still take delight in talking about the legendary story.

　　那个传奇故事至今为人们津津乐道。

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)delighted adj.高兴的，快乐的

　　be delighted at为……而高兴

　　be delighted to do sth./that为……而高兴

　　(2)delightful adj.令人快乐的

　　①Thanks for the invitation. I'd be delighted to come.

　　谢谢你的邀请，我很乐意前来。

　　②My brother is a delightful young man.

　　我弟弟是一个令人快乐的年轻人。即境活用单项填空

　　________ at the good news, she couldn't help crying.

　　A．Delighting　B．Delighted

　　C．Delightful

　　D．Being delighted

　　答案：B　

　　7．divide vt. & vi.分，划分；分配，分开

　　divide among/between在……之间分配

　　divide by用……除；因……分裂

　　divide into分成

　　divide...into把……分成

　　divide up分开；划分

　　①The children divided up the candy among themselves.

　　孩子们把糖果分开吃了。

　　②12 divided by 4 equals 3.

　　十二除以四等于三。

　　③The teacher divided our class into four groups.

　　老师把我们班分成四个小组。

　　④We'll divide up the work (divide the work up) among us.

　　我们将分担工作。

　　●易混辨析

　　divide与separate

　　divide作“分开，分离”解时，指把具有统一性的或整体性的东西分成几部分，往往含有自然划分的意思。强调按比例“划分”或“分隔”成若干部分，常与介词into连用。

　　separate除作“分开，分离”解外，还可作“隔离”解，指把原来结合在一起或混杂的东西分开，被分开的东西没有任何统一性或者强调个体的隔离，常与介词from连用。

　　①Our class is divided into four groups.

　　我们班分成了四个小组。

　　②Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.

　　请把好苹果与坏苹果分开。即境活用单项填空

　　So I created a schedule that would ________ my time up between going to class, doing homework and relaxing.

　　A．fixB．divide

　　C．put

　　D．build

　　答案：B　

　　8．available adj.可用到的；可利用的；有用的；有空的；接受探访的

　　Attention, please. These tickets are available on (the) day of issue only.

　　请注意，这些车票只在发售当天有效。

　　When will the information be made available?

　　何时才可了解到信息？

　　Every available doctor was called to the scene.

　　所有能找到的医生都被叫到了现场。

　　●归纳延伸

　　be available for/to对……有用/可得到

　　readily/freely/generally available随时/随手/一般可以得到的

　　every available每个能找到的

　　make...available使……可得到/可用

　　sb. is available for某人有时间做……即境活用翻译句子

　　①他现在没时间接受采访。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　②所有能找到的护士都迅速赶往出事地点。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　③可用的空间我们都用上了。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①He is not available for the interview now.

　　②Every available nurse rushed to the scene of the accident.

　　③We've already used up all the available space.

　　重点短语

　　1.break down毁掉；制服；压倒；停顿；倒塌；中止；垮掉；分解

　　The peace talks are said to have broken down.

　　据说和谈破裂了。

　　Our truck broke down outside town.

　　我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。

　　Food is broken down by chemicals.

　　化学物质引起食物转化。

　　●归纳延伸

　　break down(机器、车辆)出故障；失败；垮掉；感情失去控制

　　break sth. down打倒，破坏某物；消除；把……分类；使分解

　　break in闯入；强行进入；打断；插嘴

　　break into闯入；打断；插话；突然……起来

　　break out逃脱；逃出；突然发生

　　break through突破

　　break up分裂；结束；解散；(学校)开始放假；使发笑；逗乐；使苦恼即境活用单项填空

　　①His health ________ under the pressure of work.

　　A．broke downB．broke up

　　C．broke out

　　D．broke into

　　②It will be difficult for them to ________ their prejudices about the poor man.

　　A．break of

　　B．break in

　　C．break out

　　D．break down

　　③At last, those physicians and specialists ________ in their fight against heart disease.

　　A．broke away

　　B．broke down

　　C．broke through

　　D．broke up

　　答案：①A　②D　③C　

　　2．be known as被认为是；作为……而闻名

　　They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate.

　　它们被称为众议院和参议院。

　　Chicago is known as“the windy city”．

　　芝加哥被称为“风城”。

　　She's known as a great singer.

　　她是公认的大歌唱家。

　　●易混辨析

　　be known as, be known for与be known to

　　be known as被认为是，作为……而闻名

　　be known for＝be famous for以……闻名。如：

　　The Saumur region is known for its sparkling wines.

　　(法国)索米尔地区以出产香槟酒而闻名。

　　be known to为……所知。如：

　　It is known to us all that Liu Xiang is a man of iron.

　　众所周知，刘翔是个意志坚强的人。即境活用介词填空

　　①Zhang Ziyi is known ________ everyone ________ a good actress.

　　②He was known ________ his frankness.

　　③This place is known ________ the most dangerous part of the city.

　　答案：①to；as　②for　③as　

　　3．leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑

　　①They must decide what to leave out.

　　他们必须决定省去什么。

　　②She left out the date on the cheque.

　　她在支票上漏写了日期。

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)leave alone别管；别惹；别动，让……独自待着

　　(2)leave behind 不带走；忘了带；遗留

　　(3)leave off停止，中断；脱掉

　　(4)leave sth. with/to sb.把……托付给某人

　　(5)leave sth. aside不考虑某事物，忽略

　　(6)leave sb./sth. for sb./sth.抛弃某人或某事物而追求他人/物

　　(7)leave sb./sth. out遗漏，略去

　　(8)leave for动身到(某处)

　　(9)leave go (of sth.)松手；撒手；放开

　　(10)on leave休假中

　　①You shouldn't have left such a child alone at the station at night.

　　你不应当让那样一个小孩在夜晚独自待在车站里。

　　②She left her bag behind in the train.

　　她把包丢在列车上了。

　　③Barry took up the story where he had left off last time.

　　白瑞从上次停下来的地方接着讲故事。

　　④He departed for Washington, leaving the children with their mother.

　　他离开去了华盛顿，把孩子交给了他们的母亲。

　　⑤Leave it to me. I'll make sure it gets posted.

　　把它交给我吧，我会把它寄出去的。

　　⑥He left a great fame behind.

　　他身后留下了盛名。

　　⑦Will you leave that piano alone?

　　别碰那架钢琴好吗？即境活用单项填空

　　It's unnatural for a mother to leave her child ________ to enjoy herself.

　　A．aloneB．lonely

　　C．lone

　　D．loneliness

　　答案：A　

　　4．take the place of代替

　　Who can take the place of the manager?

　　谁能代替经理？

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)take the place of＝take one's place/replace取代，代替

　　(2)take one's place代替；就座

　　(3)in place在通常的位置，在适当的位置；合适，恰当

　　(4)in place of/in one's place代替；处于某人的位置(介词短语)

　　(5)out of place在错误的位置，在不适当的位置；不合适，不恰当，不自在

　　(6)take place发生，举行(无被动)

　　(7)in the first place最初；首先；第一

　　(8)give place to让位于……

　　(9)a place of interest一处名胜

　　①Your English teacher is ill, so I take his place to give you lessons.

　　你们的英语老师病了，因此我替他来给你们上课。

　　②Everybody, take your place please.

　　请大家就座。

　　③The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place.

　　音乐会的椅子差不多都被摆放好了。

　　④What would you do in my place?

　　如果你处在我的位置你会怎么办？

　　⑤He never seemed to feel out of place at social functions.

　　在社交场合他好像从未感到什么不自在。

　　⑥What he said in that occasion was really out of place.

　　他在那个场合所说的话的确不合适。

　　⑦Great changes are taking place in society.

　　社会正发生巨大的变化。

　　5．consist of由……组成

　　The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

　　联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。

　　●用法拓展

　　consist of由……组成(没有进行时和被动式)

　　近义词(组)有：be composed of/be made up of/include由……组成

　　consist in＝lie in存在于；在于(无进行式和被动式)

　　consist with一致；符合

　　consistent adj.一致的；相容的

　　be consistent with和……一致；相符

　　His job consists of(is made up of/includes)helping old people who live alone.

　　他的工作包括帮助独居的老人。

　　The beauty of air travel consists in its speed and ease.

　　坐飞机旅行的美妙之处在于它的迅捷和舒适。

　　What does happiness consist in?

　　什么才算是幸福呢？

　　What we say should be consistent with what we do.

　　我们应该言行一致。即境活用单项填空

　　—Would you please tell us something about the Group of Eight(G8)?

　　—Well，G8 is an international organization________the richest countries in the world.

　　A．is consisted of

　　B．consisting of

　　C．consists of

　　D．consisted of

　　答案：B

　　重点句式

　　1.There is no need to debate any more why different words are used to describe the four countries：England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.

　　对于用来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家的词语，现在已经没有争辩的必要了。

　　(1)句中的there is no need意为“没必要”，用法如下：

　　there is no need for sth.某事没必要。例如：

　　There is no need for anxiety.

　　没必要担心。

　　there is no need for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是没必要的

　　There is no need for you to go.

　　你没必要去。

　　there is no need doing sth.做某事是没必要的。

　　There is no need arguing about this matter.

　　这件事不必辩论了。

　　(2)be used to do是use这个词的被动语态，意为“被用于做……”。如：

　　Wood can be used to make paper.

　　木头可以被用来造纸。

　　This room is used to keep all our junk in.

　　这间房间被用来放我们的废旧杂物。

　　●易混辨析

　　be used to do/doing/sth.与used to do

　　be used to do被用于做……

　　be/get used to doing/sth.习惯于。如：

　　You must get used to getting up early.

　　你必须习惯于早起。

　　The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.

　　太空人很快就习惯了失重状态。

　　used to do过去常做某事，否定形式为didn't use to do，或者used not to do。如：

　　I used to go to the cinema a lot，but I never put the time now.

　　我过去常看电影，但现在根本没有时间看了。

　　The shops used not to/didn't use to open on Sundays.

　　这些商店过去星期天是不开门的。即境活用完成句子

　　①There is no need________(你明天不必早起)．

　　单项填空

　　②I________in the house which________books and magazines.

　　A．am used to live；use to keeping

　　B．used to live；has been used to keeping

　　C．have been used to living；was used to keep

　　D．was used to live；is used to keep

　　③He is taller than he________.

　　A．used

　　B．used to be

　　C．used to

　　D．used to do

　　答案：①for you to get up early tomorrow

　　②C　③B　

　　2．However，just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom，the southern part of that country broke away to form its own government.

　　然而，正当他们打算把爱尔兰也联合起来组建联合国时，爱尔兰的南部却分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。

　　句中get sth. done＝have sth. done意为“使某事被做”，名词是动作的承受者。例如：

　　I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

　　我这就去洗盘子，然后回来。

　　The long journey got all of us tired.

　　长长的旅程让我们都很累。

　　He got his fingers caught in the door.

　　他的手指被门夹了。

　　●易混辨析

　　get sb./sth. to do，get sb./sth. doing与get done

　　get sb./sth. to do＝make sb./sth. do促使……做

　　He got his sister to help him with his homework.

　　他让姐姐帮他做作业。

　　Don't forget to get her to come once you see her.

　　当你看到她时，别忘了叫她过来。

　　get sb./sth. doing让/使某人做某事

　　Can you really get that old car going again?

　　你真能让那老爷车再跑起来吗？

　　I wonder if Frank could get her talking.

　　我想知道弗兰克能否让她讲话。

　　get done用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被……”。如：

　　get lost/trapped/caught/dressed etc.

　　迷路/陷入困境/被抓/穿衣等

　　Nick is going to get married in September.

　　尼克打算九月份结婚。即境活用单项填空

　　①Be careful when you cross this very busy street.If not，you may________run over by a car.

　　A．have

　　B．get

　　C．become

　　D．turn

　　②Jack's watch went wrong so he had to get it________.

　　A．repair

　　B．repairs

　　C．repaired

　　D．repairing

　　③Although Mr.Smith was poor at that time，he managed to get his son________.

　　A．educate

　　B．to educate

　　C．educated

　　D．educating

　　答案：①B　②C　③C　

　　3．Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.

　　如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。

　　find Wales included属于“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，included为过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结构中表示“发现，觉得，发现……处于某种状态”之意。

　　●考点归纳

　　find后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当：

　　find＋宾语＋介词短语

　　find＋宾语＋形容词

　　find＋宾语＋现在分词(当宾语与作宾补的动词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系时，用现在分词表示主动的或正在进行的动作)

　　find＋宾语＋过去分词(当宾语与作宾补的动词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系时，用过去分词表示被动的动作)

　　find＋宾语＋名词

　　Suddenly I found my mother at the edge of the river.

　　我忽然发现我母亲站在河边。

　　Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home.

　　当到家时，李明发现自己全身都湿了。

　　Tom found the girl walking in the direction of the small village.

　　汤姆发现那个女孩朝那个小村庄走去。

　　Then I found the hero surrounded by a group of soldiers.

　　然后我发现那个英雄被一群士兵围住了。

　　I find him the man who saved me.

　　我发现他就是救了我的那个人。

　　●温馨提示

　　注意：①“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中如果宾语是动词不定式或宾语从句时，习惯上用形式宾语it代替它们，而把真正的宾语放在句末。

　　②如果把这种结构变为被动语态，就要把原来的宾语变为主语，此时宾补变为主补。

　　I find it necessary to surf the Internet.

　　我觉得上网很有必要。

　　He was found killed in his home.

　　有人发现他在家中被害了。

　　The cook was found smoking in the kitchen.

　　有人发现这个厨师在厨房抽烟。即境活用单项填空

　　On the way back home from the ball，she suddenly found her necklace________.

　　A．missed

　　B．losing

　　C．gone

　　D．be stolen

　　答案：C

　　4．Fancy！This solid stone，square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.

　　真是太棒了！这个坚实的用石头砌的方形塔已经屹立在那儿一千年了。

　　remain在本句中为连系动词，意为“保持不变，仍然处于(某种状态)”。

　　●用法拓展

　　remain后面常接形容词、分词、不定式、名词或介词短语作表语，构成系表结构。

　　Asked several times，Tom remained expressionless.

　　被问了好几次，汤姆仍然面无表情。(接形容词)

　　Please remain seated until all the lights are on.

　　请坐着别动，直到灯光全部打开。(接过去分词)

　　Few buildings remained standing after the earthquake.

　　地震过后几乎没有几座房子幸存下来。(接现在分词)

　　Although it began to rain，they remained/stayed on the playground.

　　尽管开始下雨了，他们仍然还在操场上。(接介词短语)

　　●用法拓展

　　remained n．剩下的人/部分；余数

　　remains n．(pl.)剩下的部分，残留物；遗体

　　remaining adj.剩余的

　　It remains to be seen/done...……尚待分晓/去做

　　remain up过了就寝时间还不去睡

　　remain in待在家里

　　remain out待在外面，留在户外

　　Nothing remains but to...只要……就行了

　　It remains for sb. to do sth.某人尚待去做某事

　　●温馨提示

　　remaining常作前置定语；而left也可表示“剩余的”，只能作后置定语。

　　He left the shop，with the remaining twenty dollars.

　　＝He left the shop，with twenty dollars left.

　　他离开了商店，带着剩下的20美元。即境活用单项填空

　　①Please remain________；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

　　A．seating

　　B．seated

　　C．to seat

　　D．to be seated

　　②It remains________whether Jim'll be fit enough to play in the finals.

　　A．seen

　　B．to be seen

　　C．seeing

　　D．to see

　　答案：①B　seat为及物动词， remain/be seated“保持坐着的状态，坐着”是系表结构。句意为：请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。

　　②B　remain后面可以接不定式作表语，表示时间上的“将来”，且it和see之间存在被动关系，故要用不定式的被动语态形式。句意为：Jim是否能够打决赛还要拭目以待。

　　5．It looked splendid when first built!

　　刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！

　　when first built是一个部分省略的时间状语从句。完整形式是when it was first built，在时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句和方式状语从句中，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时谓语含有系动词be或从句为it is结构时，往往省去该从句的主语和be动词。如：

　　①Be careful when (you are) crossing the street.

　　过街时要当心。

　　②Turn to him for help if(it is)necessary.

　　如果有必要可求助于他。

　　③Water will boil when (it is) continuously heated.

　　当持续加热时，水就会沸腾。

　　④While crossing the road, do be careful.

　　过马路时，务必要小心。

　　⑤Unless spoken to, the little girl kept silent.

　　除非别人跟她讲，否则这小女孩保持沉默。即境活用单项填空

　　________ what he had done, he hung his head and said nothing.

　　A．To be askedB．When asked

　　C．Having asked

　　D．When asking

　　答案：B　

　　6．What interested her most was the longitude line.

　　她最感兴趣的是那条通过天文台的经线。

　　What interested her most是主语从句。What interests/delights/moves/frightens/excites/inspires sb. most is...(最使某人感到……的是……)是个常用的句型。如：

　　①What excited me most was that I passed the driving test.

　　最使我感到兴奋的是我通过了驾驶证考试。

　　②What puzzled me most was how he escaped from the locked room.

　　最使我感到疑惑的是他是怎样从锁着的房子里逃出来的。

　　③What moved me most was that he died for the people.

　　最感动我的是他为人民而牺牲。

　　●用法拓展

　　what常引导名词性从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。

　　①What she said made him deeply disappointed.

　　她说的话让他深感失望。(what作宾语)

　　②The village is no longer what is used to be.

　　这个小村子和以前大不相同了。(what作表语)

　　③What makes the school proud is that more than 80% of the students have been admitted to key universities.

　　使这所学校骄傲的是80%以上的学生被重点大学录取了。(what作主语)即境活用单项填空

　　________ is reported in the newspaper is that the talks between the two countries are making progress.

　　A．ItB．As

　　C．That

　　D．What

　　答案：D　

　　7．Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.

　　担心时间不够，张萍玉提前列了一个想在伦敦参观的景观的单子。

　　worried about the time available是过去分词作状语。一般修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。过去分词作状语，前边往往可以加when, while, if, as if, though等。例如：

　　Although built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.

　　尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。

　　Given more time, he can do it better.

　　如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。即境活用单项填空

　　①Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

　　A．invitedB．inviting

　　C．being invited

　　D．having invited

　　②When ________， the museum will be open to the public next year.

　　A．completed

　　B．completing

　　C．being completed

　　D．to be completed

　　③________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

　　A．Being founded

　　B．It was founded

　　C．Founded

　　D．Founding

　　答案：①A　②A　③C　

　　8．To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four­hundred­year­old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.

　　令张萍玉吃惊的是，她发现女王的珠宝由皇家特别卫士看守着，而这些士兵在特殊的日子仍会穿着400年前伊丽莎白一世女王时期的制服。

　　(1)to one's great surprise“令某人吃惊的是”，to one's ＋n.表示“令某人……的是”，常用的搭配还有：to one's joy/delight/horror/disappointment/astonishment/enjoyment等。例如：

　　To John's great relief, they reached the house at last.

　　约翰长舒一口气，他们终于到了这所房子。

　　(2)found the Queen's jewels guarded中find的用法：find＋宾语＋宾补(adj.；adv.；v.­ing; p．p.；介词短语；不定式)。例如：

　　A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

　　如果厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，他会立即被解雇。

　　They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.

　　他们发现自己被丛林大火包围。

　　When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

　　当我醒来的时候，发现自己在医院。

　　(3)on special occasions“在特殊的场合”，类似的结构：on this occasion在这场合，这次场合，这次；on that occasion在那场合，那次；on one occasion有一次；on several occasions有几次；on occasion偶尔，有时。即境活用完成句子

　　①A whale was found ________ on the shore.

　　一头鲸被发现冲到岸上。

　　②We've found a great new restaurant ______________.

　　我们在学校附近发现了一家不错的新开的餐馆。

　　③The child was eventually found __________________.

　　孩子最终被找到了，安然无恙。

　　答案：①washed up　②near our school　③safe and sound　

　　知 能 层 层 练

　　一、单项填空

　　1．—Does she say anything that ________ you especially?

　　—Not really.

　　A．attacksB．attracts

　　C．appeals

　　D．appoints

　　答案：B

　　解析：attract“吸引”，符合题意。attack“攻击”；appeal表示“吸引”时，其后不能直接跟宾语，应用appeal to；appoint“指定；任命”。

　　2．The project ________by the end of 2010, will expand the city's telephone network to cover 2 000 000 users.

　　A．being accomplished

　　B．to be accomplished

　　C．accomplished

　　D．having been accomplished

　　答案：B

　　解析：accomplish“做成功，完成”。由时间状语by the end of 2010可知用不定式作定语。

　　3．The lift has just________.We have to walk up to the top floor.

　　A．taken down

　　B．broken down

　　C．come down

　　D．turned down

　　答案：B

　　解析：break down此处意为“(机器等)发生故障”。

　　4．Imperfect goods are________by our quality control center in case they come into the consuming of the customers.

　　A．rejected

　　B．accepted

　　C．realized

　　D．followed

　　答案：A

　　解析：reject“拒绝；不接受；抛弃”，常有由于质量问题或不再有用而丢弃的含义，相当于abandon。

　　5．In dealing with public relations，we should make every effort to prevent the________in personality.

　　A．conflict

　　B．contrast

　　C．contract

　　D．concern

　　答案：A

　　解析：conflict“冲突”符合题意。contrast“差别”；contract“合同”；concern“关心；担忧”。

　　6．This naughty boy________his mother who was trying to hold him by the arm and ran to the bookstore.

　　A．broke down

　　B．broke away

　　C．bro