山西省2017高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（19）

　　山西省2017高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（19）

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　A

　　“Write All About It”

　　Centerville High School Essay（论文）Contest

　　Rules

　　1． Students are asked to hand in essays of 500 to 700 words of their own work． Any essay containing material copied from another source will be disqualified．

　　2． Manuscripts should be typed double-spaced, with the students` name, address, and grade level on a separate sheet of paper．

　　3． Essays must be turned in by 4:00 pm on November 30．

　　They can be brought to Mrs． Elton in Room 104 or to Mr． Markham in the school library．

　　Essay-Writing Tips

　　1． Catch your reader’s interest—Your opening should immediately pull your reader into your essay． Asking a question or starting with a story, or surprising statement are some good ways to do this．

　　2． Create a picture —Use active words that show your reader what is happening． Instead of telling your reader that “the room was disordered,” paint a picture using active verbs and lively adjectives．

　　3． Have a purpose —Well written essays do more than just describe an event or express a viewpoint; they also communicate a message．

　　4． Check for mistakes—Read your paper over to check for mistakes． Ask another student to read your paper． Another pair of eyes will often spot a mistake you have missed．

　　5． Format your essay—Neatly type your essay on white paper． Choose an attractive cover for handing in． The computer lab will be open after school from 3:15 to 4:45 pm each day this month so that students can use the computers．

　　Prizes

　　Winning essays will be published in the Centerville Times． Everyone who takes part in it will also receive a free pass to enter one school activity this year．

　　First Prize: $ 50 savings bond

　　Second Prize: Dictionary and reference book

　　Third Prize: Pen set and journal

　　1． Which of the following rules is set for the essay contest?

　　A． Students can write something exactly as it is written in other books．

　　B． Students’ personal information should be listed on another piece of paper

　　C． Essays must be brought to Mr．Markham in the computer lab on November 30．

　　D． The students winning the second prize will be awarded a dictionary

　　and a book．

　　2． Which of the following writing tips is given in the passage?

　　A． Drawing a picture to go with the essay．

　　B． Trying to communicate an important idea to readers．

　　C． Asking a teacher to find the mistakes you haven’t found．

　　D． Making the essay short enough to hold the readers` interest

　　3． The article is written to ____．

　　A． explain how to write a good essay

　　B． show how to organize an essay contest

　　C． inform the students of the essay contest

　　D． convince the students of the prizes available

　　B

　　There was a group called “the Fisherman’s Fellowship”. They were surrounded by streams and lakes full of hungry fish. They got excited about fishing!

　　Someone said that they needed a philosophy of fishing, so they carefully defined and redefined fishing and the purpose of fishing. They developed fishing skills. Then they realized that they had been going at it backwards. They had approached fishing from the point of view of the fisherman, and not from the point of view of the fish. How did fish view the world? What did fish eat and when? These were all good things to know. So they began research on fishing and attended conferences on fishing. Some traveled to faraway places to study different kinds of fish with different habits. But no one had yet gone fishing.

　　With meetings, conferences, and seminars (研讨会), they just simply didn’t have time to fish.

　　Jake was a newcomer to The Fisherman’s Fellowship. After the meeting of the Fellowship, Jake went fishing. He tried a few things, got the hang of it, and caught a big fish. At the next meeting, he told his story, and he was honored for his catch, and then scheduled to speak at all the meetings and tell how he did it. Because of all the speaking invitations and his election to the board of directors of The Fisherman’s Fellowship, Jake no longer had time to go fishing.

　　But soon he began to feel restless and empty. He longed to fish once again. So he cut the speaking, he resigned from the board, and he said to a friend, “Let’s go fishing.” They did. They caught a lot of fish.

　　The members of The Fisherman’s Fellowship were many, and the fish were plentiful, but fisherman were few.

　　4. The purpose of the text is to_________.

　　A. encourage people to put what they have learned into practice.

　　B. prove that there are many people who don’t know how to fish.

　　C. invite more people to join The Fisherman’s Fellowship.

　　D. show the importance of learning right fishing methods.

　　5. We can conclude from the second paragraph that _______.

　　A. all the members of The Fisherman’s Fellowship worked very hard.

　　B. all the members of The Fisherman’s Fellowship were treated equally.

　　C. practice was ignored by the members of The Fisherman’s Fellowship.

　　D. The Fisherman’s Fellowship divided work among its members well.

　　6. No members of The Fisherman’s Fellowship went fishing because _______.

　　A. they were interested in studying the theories only.

　　B. they were all busy doing the theory work.

　　C. they were unwilling to go fishing alone.

　　D. they were not sure of their fishing skills.

　　7. Why was Jake honored by the group at a meeting?

　　A. He was brave enough to go fishing alone.

　　B. He was successful in doing practical work.

　　C. He had better fishing skills than other fishermen.

　　D. He knew more about fishing than other fishermen.

　　C

　　The power of words becomes clear after listening to a powerful speech that leaves you feeling inspired, or when a moving passage from a novel brings tears to your eyes. But when it comes to causing pain, the power of words may still be vastly underestimated (低估).

　　Kids who are always laughed at and called names can develop low self-respect and may grow up to be angry adults.

　　“Hurtful words can haunt (萦绕) you all your life and may lead to heart disease, depression, stress,” said W. Penn Handwerker, a medical anthropologist. Not surprisingly, those that have the most effect are words that come from people we admire or who have some power over our lives : teachers, wives/ husbands, parents and friends.

　　Studies have found verbal assaults (攻击) are even more painful than physical ones. “A bruise can eventually disappear, but words can hurt your soul. Words create fear and contain the promise of future violence. The emotional effect on victims can range from low-level anxiety to great fear,” said Stephen Wessler, director of the Center for the Study and Prevention of Hate Violence at the University of Southern Maine.

　　It is estimated that 160,000 students miss school every day because they’re afraid of being harassed (骚扰).What’s more, name –calling and other forms of rude remarks are early signs of actual violence in schools. Wessler, who worked as a prosecutor (检察官),explained that when he was called into schools for cases of violence, it was typically the last stage of a much longer battle. “The violence had actually begun days or months after verbal harassment,” he said.

　　8. What’s the main idea of the text?

　　A. Verbal assaults are more likely to happen in schools.

　　B. Verbal assaults are more painful than physical ones.

　　C. Kids are usually much easier to be hurt by words.

　　D. More and more people like to give verbal assaults.

　　9. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that_____.

　　A. fewer and fewer powerful speeches are given now

　　B. the effects of words are different on different people

　　C. the power of words can also be negative

　　D. few people pay attention to what others say

　　10. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. Verbal assaults are often not paid early enough attention to in schools.

　　B. Students often try to end the violence in school by themselves first.

　　C. Verbal assaults cause most of the violent cases in schools.

　　D. More and more prosecutors are paying attention to verbal assaults.

　　11. Why is the number of students who miss school every day mentioned in the text?

　　A. To show the relationship between verbal assaults and physical assaults.

　　B. To provide evidence of the harmful effects of verbal assaults on students.

　　C. To tell those who often miss school that their behavior is wrong.

　　D. To point out what a prosecutor can do to stop verbal assaults in schools.

　　D

　　Young women are more adventurous than young men when travelling abroad in gap years．One in three female backpackers visits more than three countries during a year out and travels alone, according to new research．

　　By contrast, the majority of their male counterparts visit only one country and tend to travel in groups, says a survey by the Gap Year company, which provides information and services for students considering taking a year out．

　　More women than men say that their prime reason for taking time off is to see the world and experience different cultures．Men are more likely to rank “having fun” higher on their list of priorities．Women are more likely to value the challenge of a foreign trip, and many cited reasons such as learning a language and meeting new people．

　　The more adventurous gap years taken by women seem to work to their benefit; more than three quarters of those surveyed have reported increased confidence, self reliance and independence, whereas only half of the men had that experience．

　　The research also shows that women are more likely to do voluntary work while travelling, with more than one in ten helping with teaching or development projects．One of the reasons given for this is a wish to see the country in an authentic light．

　　A greater proportion of women than men face objections or criticism from their families over their gap year plans．Among the men surveyed, lack of money is the main barrier to travel．

　　Carolyn Martin, a doctor from London, is a typically confident female traveller．Starting in Cape Town, she travelled around southern Africa and Australia with a string of unusual and sometimes dangerous jobs．

　　“I had one job chasing elephants off the runway in Africa by banging a stick against a pan，” she recalled．“It was OK but one day I did get chased by one．”

　　She said that she had travelled alone because “you meet more people”．

　　12．According to the article, ________．

　　A．most of the women students will travel abroad during the summer holidays

　　B．one third of the women students will travel abroad in a year

　　C．women students are more likely to travel abroad alone in gap years

　　D．women students are willing to travel abroad in a group

　　13．In the third paragraph, the underlined word “priorities” most probably means ________．

　　A．selections

　　B．attractions

　　C．preferences

　　D．projects

　　14．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Men students will travel less during the gap year because of their part time jobs．

　　B．Women students will travel more but face more objections．

　　C．The article suggests that women travelling alone will have dangerous experiences．

　　D．Men students prefer to travel inside their own country to going abroad．

　　15．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

　　A．Girls Get the Best out of Gap Years

　　B．Boys Lack Courage in Gap Years

　　C．For Fun or for Adventure?

　　D．Young Women Are More Adventurous

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